CONSTANTINE THE PHILOSOPHER UNIVERSITY IN NITRA

FACULTY OF PEDAGOGY
DEPARTMENT OF LANGUAGE PEDAGOGY AND
INTERCULTURAL STUDIES

EDUCATION IN THE FIELD OF RHETORIC

Information about the topic and its subcategories, word-formation

processes of chosen field, list of special terminology, conclusion

SEMINAR WORK

2015/2016 Michaela Masariková

2XAj9b
The presented content of my seminar work is foccused on Education in the field of
Rhetoric.

The work is divided into paragraphs, starting with the information about the topic and
its subcategories, word-formation processes of chosen field, list of special terminology
that I used and conclusion.

Rhetoric in everyday life

I decided to write my seminar work about Rhetoric because it is one of the disciplines of
the Linguistics and along with the Stylistics both are the terms from the field of
communication and as I study language this topic is close to me. Rhetoric is something
what we use constantly in our everyday life. It is everywhere around us. In the media,
advertising, historical references and in the government propaganda as well. It is
one of the arts of using language as a means to persuade. For example , some sellers
when they want to sell their goods should know how to persuade the people to buy the
products by using the right/ persuasive words. Or some persons who apply for the
dream job must be persuasive what they talk about. It is simply the art of speaking or
writing effectively.

a) Origin of Rhetoric
The main mission of the Rhetoric was to learn the public speakers and writers to use an
arguments. Aristotle said that when a rhetor or speaker begins to consider how to
compose a speech-that is, begins the process of invention- the speaker must take into
account three elements- the subject, the audience, the speaker. Rhetoric along with the
Grammar and the Logic is one of the three ancient arts of discourse from ancient
Greece. These three subjects formed the foundation of a medieval liberal arts education
that used to be preparatory for the Quadrivium which comprised subjects like
Aritmetic, Geometry, Music and Astronomy. These ,,four roads´´ were completion of
the Liberal arts.

b) Models of Rhetoric – Ethos, Pathos, Logos

According to Aristotle the three basic elements of the Trivium- Grammar, Logic and
Rhetoric ( Rhetoric being further sub-classified into Ethos, Pathos, Logos ) are the
prerequsites for the four subjects of the Quadrivium – Aritmetic, Geometry, Music and
Astronomy as I have already mentioned. Aristotles said that Rhetoric may be defined as
the faculty of observing in any given case the available means of persuasion.

These become the preparatory for the Higher education at Uni, involving Philosophy
and Theology.
Nowadays we use Ethos, Pathos and Logos to appeal to the audience in different ways.
Each of these ways has its own specification how to persuade ,, the object of the interest
´´.

Ethos- appeal to the audience´s sense of honesty or authority.

Pathos- appeal to the audience´s sense of emotions

Logos- appeal to the audience´s sense of logic

c) Rhetorical devices
In Rhetoric, autor or speaker uses technics called rhetorical devices to convey to the
listener or reader a meaning with the goal of persuading him or her towards considering
a topic from a different perspective. It can also be a technique to evoke an emotion on
the part of the reader or audience.

For successful persuasion we should be able to know and use terms like amplification,
enumeratio, metaphor, simile, epithet, onomatopoeia and many others in practice.
After learning these terms will be our Rhetoric sounds more credibly.

WORD-FORMATION PROCESSES
AFFIXATION- Suffixation Prefixation
-ed (decided,formed,comprised) a- ( around,along)
-ly (constantly,effectively,simply) sub- ( sub-classified)
-ing (advertising,writing,speaking) pre- ( prerequsite)
-al ( historical,liberal,rhetorical) al- ( already)
-ive ( persuasive,perspective ) be- ( become)
-s (plural) (terms,references,sellers) to- ( toward)
-ic ( rhetoric,aritmetic,basic )
-ion ( communication,foundation,education)
-ment ( government )
-ory ( preparatory )
-ium ( quadrivium, trivium)
-er ( higher,listener,reader)
-s ( uses)
-ent ( different )
-ful (successful)

COMPOUDING
Compounds with every- everyday, everywhere
Endocentric- we are able to guess the meaning from separate words – dream job
CONVERSION
Noun-Verb – Appeal- to appeal

CLIPPING
word is reduced or shortened without changing the meaning of original word
Back-clipping –removing the end of the word – Uni-University

SEMANTIC MEANS OF TERM FORMATION

Education- receiving information useful for life
Rhetoric- foccused to persuade someone
Stylistics- foccused on styles in text
Media- Tv, newspaper, radio, internet
Advertising- nice words about something what I want to sell or propagate
Historical reference- something from history reffered to by people
Government propaganda- propagating of something by government
Art- the same meaning like ability
Dream job- job that I want to practise from the bottom of my heart
Grammar- everything about language
Linguistics- study foccused on language
Logic- way of thinking
Quadrivium- group of fourth studies ( aritmetic, music, geometry, astronomy )
Liberal Arts- supposed to give us general knowledge
Aritmetic- deals with numbers
Geometry- deals with lines
Astronomy- deals with stuff in the universe
Philosophy- study of knowledge
Theology- study about religion and God
Rhetorical devices- semantic means
Amplification- emphasis of something or someone ( love, darling )
Enumeratio- regarding to details ( My friend is hairdresser,model, good Mum )
Metaphor- thing that symbolize something else ( He is a mountain of strenght )
Simile- compares one object to another ( He drinks like a rainbow )
Onomatopoeia- description by sounds ( whiz, pop )

CONCLUSION
To summarise. I have already described and introduced the Education of Rhetoric and
other fields closely connected with it. As I mentioned at the beginning I´m dealing with
the language so this topic is very interesting for me and I think that is useful for
everybody to know something about this topic in these days because Rhetoric is
everywhere around us. Rhetorical study not only brings deeper understanding of
strategic communication, but guides our practical use of it. Rhetoric is an art through
which people learn to improve their own communication and adapt it to specific
audiences and purposes. It also helps us learn to discern the excellence and weakness of
our own and others´ rhetoric. When we acquire the good rhetorical ability it will be the
first step to the success in different types of our goals.

LIST OF SOURCES

http://www.mountainman.com.au/essenes/aristotles_modes_of_persuasion_in_rhetoric
.htm

https://edurhetor.wordpress.com/about/rhetoric/

http://apcentral.collegeboard.com/apc/members/repository/
ap06_englang_roskelly_50098.pdf

https://estradajs.wordpress.com/2011/08/15/rhetoric-in-everyday-life/

http://www.brightrockpress.com/popsample.htm#chapter1