PHYSICS

Fluids
Oleh :
Muhammad Badaruz Zaman, S.Si., M.Sc.

11/15/2020
 Outline
• Definition
• Static fluids
• Dynamic fluids
• Law of static and dynamic fluids

11/15/2020
 The Hoover Dam is 600 feet thick at the bottom,
but only 45 feet thick at the top of the span

Dams are designed to be thicker at the bottom than at the top. Why is this so?
 Fluids
• A substance → can flow and always base on
the containers.

• Include both liquids and gases.

• Liquids flow under gravity until they occupy
the lowest possible regions of their containers.
• Gases expand to fill their containers.
Static fluids
• Density
Ratio of mass substance to its
volume.

m

V
• Pressure
When a body is submerged in a fluid such as water, the
fluid exerts a force perpendicular to the surface of the
body at each point on the surface.

Force per unit area called pressure.

F
P
A
SI unit : Pascal (1Pa=1N/m2)
U.S : 1 atm = 101.325 kPa ≈ 14.70 lb/in2
• As any scuba diver knows, the
pressure in a lake or ocean increases
with depth.

• The weight of the liquid in the

column is
w  mg  ( V ) g   Ahg

• The net upward force exerted by

this pressure difference
PA  P0 A   Ahg
so
P  P0   g h (  constant)
Column of water of height ∆h and cross
sectional area A. The pressure P
at the bottom must be greater
than the pressure Po at the top to
balance the weight of the water.
• Find the total horizontal force on the dam

dF  PdA   ghLdh
h H 2 H
h
F    gLhdh   gL
h 0
2 0

1
F   gLH 2
2
 Law of static and dynamic fluids?
Static fluids Dynamic fluids
• Hydrostatic Pressure • Continuity Equation
• Pascal’s Law • Bernoulli Equation and
• Archimedes’ Law Principle
• Etc. • Etc.

Find them!