HPGE - Nov.

2022

Problems 10. How far below the water surface (m) should the upper plate
1. The pressure in a gas tank is 2.75 atmospheres. Compute the be submerged?
gage pressure in kPa. A. 1.5 C. 7.5
A. 102.75 C. 127.05 B. 3.5 D. 6.0
B. 177.32 D. 117.23 11. How far (m) is the center of pressure from the water surface?
A. 6.70 C. 5.60
2. An iceberg having a specific gravity of 0.90 floats in salt B. 7.60 D. 7.90
water having a specific gravity of 1.03. If the volume of the 12. Determine the hydrostatic force (kN) acting on one side of
ice above the surface is 500 m³, what is the volume (m³) of the plate.
the iceberg? A. 668.12 C. 626.18
A. 3269 C. 3692 B. 682.16 D. 662.18
B. 3962 D. 3296
Situation 3 – A vertical cylindrical tank has an orifice at the
3. A piece of wood having a specific gravity of 0.65 is 70 mm bottom for its outlet. Diameter of the orifice is 100 mm with
square and 1.5 m long. How many kilograms of lead fastened a coefficient of discharge of 0.60. The height of the tank is 6
at one end of the wood so that it will float upright with 0.30 m with a diameter of 6 m and its is full of water.
m projecting out when floating in water? Specific gravity of 13. After how many minutes it will drain an amount of 100 m³
the lead is 11.2. of water?
A. 3.23 C. 2.67 A. 97.97 C. 39.79
B. 2.11 D. 1.21 B. 110.6 D. 20.30
14. After how many minutes will the water level in the tank be
4. A piece of wood having a specific gravity of 0.65 is 70 mm lowered to 4 m?
square and 1.5 m long. How many Newtons of lead fastened A. 97.97 C. 39.79
at one end of the wood so that it will float upright with 0.30 B. 110.6 D. 20.30
m projecting out when floating in water? Specific gravity of 15. Find the total time (min.) to empty the tank.
the lead is 11.2. A. 97.97 C. 39.79
A. 31.69 C. 26.19 B. 110.6 D. 20.30
B. 20.70 D. 11.87
16. A cohesive soil sample was taken from an SPT and taken to
5. A right cylindrical container 4.0 m diameter is 3 m tall. A 50 the laboratory in a glass jar. It was found to weigh 145 grams.
mm diameter hole is provided at the bottom of the container The sample was then placed in a container having a volume
to drain the water when necessary. If it is full of water, how = 500 cm³ and 420 cm³ of water were added to fill the
long (hours) does it take to empty the container from the container. Evaluate the unit weight (kN/m³) of the soil.
instant the hole is opened? Coefficients of velocity and A. 17.78 C. 16.89
contraction are both equal to 1.0. B. 18.87 D. 19.68
A. 83.4 C. 8.3
B. 1.39 D. 13.9 17. The permeability in a permeability test setup involves a
cylindrical soil sample 40 mm in diameter and height 200
6. What is the head loss in meters per kilometer on a 150 mm mm. The hydraulic head of the test was held constant at 300
diameter pipe having a friction factor of 0.025 if the mm. In a duration of 1 minute, the water collected in the
discharge is 0.0106 m³/s? graduate was recorded at 1.5 liters. Evaluate the coefficient
A. 2.12 C. 3.06 of permeability (cm/sec) of the soil sample.
B. 1.12 D. 2.06 A. 1.22 C. 1.33
B. 2.11 D. 3.45
Situation 1 – A triangular gate of height 1.2 m and base 0.9 m is
installed in a position that its plane is inclined 60° with the 18. A 450 kN is transmitted by a column footing onto the surface
horizontal with its vertex at the top and the base is parallel through a square footing 1.5 m on a side. Assume the force
to the water surface. The vertex is at a depth of 2 m vertically exerted on the underlying soil formation spreads on 2
below the water surface. Fresh water is on one side of the vertical to 1 horizontal. Evaluate the pressure (kPa) exerted
gate. on the soil 2.7 m below the footing.
7. Determine the total hydrostatic force (kN) on the gate. A. 200.00 C. 61.73
A. 13.4 C. 14.3 B. 25.51 D. 76.63
B. 15.7 D. 17.5
8. Locate (m) the point of action of the total hydrostatic force 19. In a triaxial test of a cohesionless soil, the soil cylinder was
from the vertex on the plane on the gate. subjected to a liquid pressure of 20 kPa inside the chamber.
A. 0.400 C. 0.826 It was observed that failure of the sample in shear occurred
B. 0.876 D. 0.800 when the triaxial compressive stress reached 44 kPa.
9. If the gate is hinged at the bottom, evaluate the force (kN) Compute the angle of internal friction.
normal to the gate at its vertex that will be required to open A. 24.20° C. 19.15°
it. B. 22.02° D. 19.51°
A. 5.54 C. 2.13
B. 3.12 D. 4.45 20. An unconfined compression test was conducted to a soil
sample having a diameter of 50 mm. The failure load was 66
Situation 2 – A square plate having one of its side equal to 3 m is N. What is the value of the cohesion strength of the clay in
immersed in water in a vertical position such that the two kPa?
edges of the square would be horizontal in order that the A. 18.6 C. 17.6
center of pressure is 10 cm from the center of the gravity. B. 16.8 D. 15.7

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Prepared by:
Engr. Jobert S. De La Cruz
HPGE - Nov. 2022
21. Evaluate the plastic settlement (m) on a layer of plastic clay, 28. Determine the time of travel, in days, from the head of the
8 meters thick due to an increase of pressure caused by loads aquifer to point 3 km downstream.
above it under the following conditions: A. 3670 C. 3750
Initial intergranular pressure = 200 kPa B. 4560 D. 4650
Increase in intergranular pressure = 120 kPa
Coefficient of consolidation = 0.315 Situation 6 – A clay layer 5 m thick rests beneath a deposit of
Void ratio of the clay = 1.132 submerged sand 8 m thick. The top of the sand is located 3 m
A. 241 C. 2.41 below the water surface. The saturated unit weight of the
B. 0.241 D. 4.12 sand is 25 kN/m³, and the clay is 20 kN/m³
29. Determine the total vertical pressure (kPa) at the mid-height
22. The following table shows an approximate correlation of the clay layer.
between the standard penetration test (SPT) and the A. 279.43 C. 146.99
unconfined compression strength of cohesive soils. B. 132.44 D. 103.01
Unconfined 30. Determine the pore water pressure (kPa) at the mid-height
SPT of the clay layer.
Consistency compressive
blows A. 279.43 C. 146.99
Strength, qu (kPa)
0 to 2 Very Soft 0-23.9 B. 132.44 D. 103.01
2 to 4 Soft 23.9-47.8 31. Determine the effective pressure (kPa) at the mid-height of
4 to 8 Medium 47.8-95.7 the clay layer.
8 to 16 Stiff 95.7-191 A. 279.43 C. 146.99
B. 132.44 D. 103.01
16 to 31 Very Stiff 191-383
Determine the approximate shear strength (kPa) of the soil Situation 7 – For a given sandy soil, emax = 0.75, emin = 0.46, Gs =
if the blow count N = 6. 2.68. If the Relative Density = 78% and the Water Content =
A. 35.9 C. 43.6 9%, solve for the following:
B. 39.5 D. 63.5 32. Void ratio of the soil.
A. 0.524 C. 0.513
Situation 4 – The result of a consolidated drained tri-axial soil B. 0.542 D. 0.556
test conducted on consolidated clay are as follows: 33. Dry unit weight (kN/m³) of the soil.
Chamber confining pressure = 250 kPa A. 17.25 C. 18.80
Deviator stress at failure = 350 kPa B. 16.54 D. 17.65
23. Evaluate the angle of internal friction of the soil sample in 34. Moist unit weight (kN/m³) of the compaction in the field?
degrees. A. 17.25 C. 18.80
A. 22.31° C. 21.31° B. 16.54 D. 17.65
B. 24.31° D. 20.31°
24. Evaluate the shear stress (kPa) on the failure plane. Situation 8 – The column of a certain building is supported by a
A. 159 C. 145 circular footing having a diameter of 10 m. The depth of
B. 195 D. 154 founding of the footings has to be at 2.0 m into the soil
25. Evaluate the normal stress (kPa) in the plane of maximum deposit of cohesionless soil which the angle of internal
shear. friction is 20° and the unit weight of which is 16 kN/m³. Use
A. 452 C. 425 Terzaghi’s formula for general shear failure:
B. 542 D. 524 Given bearing capacity constant:
Nc = 17.69, Nq = 7.44, Nγ = 3.64
Situation 5 – A confined aquifer is recharged by a continuous
supply of water from a certain source. The average thickness
of the aquifer was determined to be 25 m and the average Footing Kc Kq Ky
width is 4 km. The hydraulic conductivity (coefficient of Long 1.00 1.00 0.50
permeability) of the aquifer was obtained at 40 m per day Square 1.30 1.00 0.40
and its porosity is 0.25. The piezometric heads on two wells Circular 1.30 1.00 0.30
1 km apart are 65 m and 60 m from a common reference
datum. 𝐵 1 𝐵
Rectangular 1 + 0.3 1.00 (1 − 0.2 )
𝐿 2 𝐿
recharge
35. Determine the contribution to the ultimate bearing capacity
(kPa) of the depth embedment.
A. 283 C. 175
B. 238 D. 157
36. Determine the contribution to the ultimate bearing capacity
aquifer
(kPa) of the footing’s dimension.
A. 283 C. 175
B. 238 D. 157
26. Determine the rate of flow through the aquifer in cu.m. per 37. Determine the concentric downward load (MN), that the
day. footing can safely support, using factor of safety of 3.0
A. 20000 C. 10000 against bearing capacity failure.
B. 15000 D. 25000 A. 10.8 C. 119.0
27. Determine the seepage velocity in meters per day. B. 108.0 D. 11.9
A. 1.5 C. 0.5
B. 1.8 D. 0.8
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Prepared by:
Engr. Jobert S. De La Cruz
HPGE - Nov. 2022
40. Determine the rate of flow per meter width in liters per day
General Shear Failure General Shear Failure
Nc Nq Nγ N'c N'q N'γ
if the hydraulic gradient for the soil formation is 0.70.
5.70 1.00 0.00 5.70 1.00 0.00
A. 74,970 C. 79,040
6.00 1.10 0.01 5.90 1.07 0.01
B. 70,940 D. 74,790
6.30 1.22 0.04 6.10 1.14 0.02
6.62 1.35 0.06 6.30 1.22 0.04
Situation 10 – A layer of clay 8.6 m thick is overlain by a deposit
of sand 15.2 m thick to ground the ground surface. When the
6.97 1.49 0.10 6.51 1.30 0.06
water table is level with the ground surface, the saturated
7.34 1.64 0.14 6.74 1.39 0.07
unit weight of the sand was determined to be 21.2 kN/m³
7.73 1.81 0.20 6.97 1.49 0.10
and its dry unit weight is 18.2 kN/m³. The saturated unit
8.15 2.00 0.27 7.22 1.59 0.13 weight of the clay is 18.8 kN/m³. When the ground water
8.60 2.21 0.35 7.47 1.70 0.16 table is lowered by 7.6 m, the degree of saturation of the sand
9.09 2.44 0.44 7.74 1.82 0.20 above the water table was lowered to 30%.
9.61 2.69 0.56 8.02 1.94 0.24 41. Determine the effective pressure (kPa) at the mid-height of
10.20 2.98 0.69 8.32 2.08 0.30 the clay layer before lowering the water table.
10.80 3.29 0.85 8.63 2.22 0.35 A. 212 C. 270
11.40 3.64 1.04 8.96 2.38 0.42 B. 280 D. 329
12.10 4.02 1.26 9.31 2.55 0.48 42. Determine the effective pressure (kPa) at the mid-height of
12.90 4.45 1.52 9.67 2.73 0.57 the clay layer after lowering the water table.
13.70 4.92 1.82 10.06 2.92 0.67 A. 212 C. 270
14.60 5.45 2.18 10.47 3.13 0.76 B. 280 D. 329
15.10 6.04 2.59 10.90 3.36 0.88 43. Determine the effective pressure (kPa) at the mid-height of
15.60 6.70 3.07 11.36 3.61 1.03 the clay layer when there is no water in the sand layer but
17.70 7.44 3.64 11.85 3.88 1.12
remain in moist condition at the same degree of saturation.
18.90 8.26 4.31 12.37 4.17 1.35
A. 212 C. 270
20.30 9.19 5.09 12.92 4.48 1.55
B. 280 D. 329
21.80 10.20 6.00 13.51 4.82 1.74
Situation 11 – According to the elastic theory, the vertical stress
23.40 11.40 7.08 14.14 5.20 1.97
induced flexible line load of infinite length that has an
25.10 12.70 8.34 14.80 5.60 2.25
intensity of q units per length on the surface of a semi-
27.10 14.20 9.84 15.53 6.05 2.59 infinite soil mass can be estimated by the expression:
29.20 15.90 11.60 16.30 6.54 2.88 𝑞
31.60 17.80 13.70 17.10 7.07 3.29 𝑝 = 0.637
𝑁
34.20 20.00 16.20 18.03 7.66 3.76 where:
37.20 22.50 19.10 18.99 8.31 4.39 𝑟 2 2
𝑁 = 𝑍 [1 + ( ) ]
𝑍
Situation 9 – A layered of soil is shown with their corresponding
r = horizontal distance from the line load
coefficients of permeability.
Given: Z = depth of interest at which stress is induced
k1 = 2×10-4 cm/s h1 = 3 m
k2 = 3.2×10-2 cm/s h2 = 4 m A concrete hollow block wall weighing 6 kN per liner meter
k3 = 4.1×10-4 cm/s h3 = 5 m
is carried by a wall footing 0.60 m wide.
44. Determine the bearing pressure (kPa) exerted by the footing
onto the supporting soil.
h1 A. 10 C. 12.5
B. 15 D. 11.5
45. Determine the stress (kPa) in the soil caused by the load at a
depth equal to twice its width.
h2 A. 5.31 C. 6.11
B. 3.51 D. 11.6
46. Determine the stress (kPa) at a depth of 2 m and a horizontal
distance 3 m from the line of the load.
A. 0.230 C. 0.222
B. 0.110 D. 0.302
h3
47. It is an abrupt rise in water surface which results from
retarding water flowing at lower stage.
A. Velocity Head C. Head loss
38. Determine the equivalent horizontal coefficient of B. Celerity D. Hydraulic Jump
permeability (cm/s).
A. 108.9×10-4 C. 439×10-4 48. A branch of hydraulics which deals with the study of forces
B. 4.39×10-4 D. 10.89×10-4 (including velocity and acceleration) exerted by or upon
39. Determine the equivalent vertical coefficient of permeability liquids in motion.
(cm/s). A. Hydrodynamics C. Hydraulic Gradient
A. 108.9×10-4 C. 439×10-4 B. Statics D. Hydrostatic
B. 4.39×10-4 D. 10.89×10-4
49. It is the most used property in soil properties.
A. Void ratio C. Specific gravity
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Prepared by:
Engr. Jobert S. De La Cruz
HPGE - Nov. 2022
B. Porosity D. Unit Weight

50. A device used to determine the undrained shear strength of

the soil which consists of four equal-sized thin steel plates
welded to a steel torque rod. The vane is pushed into the soil
and a torque T is applied at the top of the torque rod to rotate
the vane at a uniform speed to cause failure.
A. Triaxial Vane C. Shear Vane
B. Direct Vane D. Mohr Vane

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Prepared by:
Engr. Jobert S. De La Cruz