Basics of organic

organic chemistry study

-

of
Hydrocarbon and its derivatives

Albane * >R-X
stalo alkane

Toy, R-OH
alcohol

voiser organic chemistry is

father of
organic chemistry la law
-

stessentialelement in organic chemistry carbon-kking

-
of element
⑧
↳ max catenation
endessentialelement in
organic chemistry -> He
property
(cee2023)

3rdessential element in
organic chemistry -> 02 ↳ max allotropes

1st nobel prize Receptant in organic chemistry VantHOFF

->

hunxa
↳ Carbon
Tetravalency
Fcombining capacity
↳ nature of 4e
↳identical
↳ equivalent
↳ non
planner (tetrahedral)
 a
V
compoundin
Aliphatic ap Aromatic gar
coal tar
petroleum

Most abundant cellulose - polymer ofBeta-b Gulcose

organic compound ->

Mostabundant protein -> Rubisco

Most abundantAnimal protein collagen

-

Most abundant blood protein, Albumin

(4) Methane +3rd discovered organic compound

~Discover- Berthelot
Marsh Gases gipole moment:o, so nonplanner
-

4H (MS
CH4 >caly
+4Cl
↳carbon tetracholpide
↳ pyrene-use as fire extinguisher for alkalimetal
↳
per chloro methane

↳ Does not undergo hydrolysis due to absent ofvacantd-Orbital

 Kunal panialkane ko sabal
hydrogen laSabal
Halogen le replace garyo vane

peralkane perfix use

garan
1246
-
,22116
+60
↳
perchloroethane
↳ Artifical camel

vital force theory -

jatipani sansas man organic compoundharuxan finitary chai living
organism so hitra banxan maprepare garna
artificany lab

↳ Given Berzelius Sakdainan

by

↳ Discarded by "Friedric
->
wholes"
↳
prepare urea in lab

serendipity-unknown discovery
(AmoniumSupnale) tautomenism
i 0
·

(N44)2SO4 reargenment, It

Or I KCNO ->NMYCNO Ni-C-NUL

↑ Hac Potasiumcynide Amonium cynide
Amonium chloride

Urea P40
in ->

&Sent Nitrogen
46% of

i ↳ Tupac name + Lamino methane amines

14
Ist
organic compound prepared from its own element -> Acetic acid down-Aajnal
>Discovered
by tetic acid
↓KOIDC.

AlkyL
↓compound
gic
↑ CH3-CHO Functionalgroup
atom or
group of atom
decide nature oforganic compound

↳
Alkane Alkyl

↳
CHy*, CH3
Methane Methyl

↳
C246 6245
-

ethyl
↳ Alkene * Alkenyl

Alkyne , Alkeny
↳

YoY
-
,-
10
-
/ OrCHsorph-

Benzene Phenyl
 CH2
-

Cr-
--
*
is it=
=

1 4

,101 101
-

-
il
0 -
Benza
- Benzyl CHC2 Benzo
Towene

↳
senachloride.

HOMOLOGOUS Senies -> Differ by CH2 group or Mamu mol.wt

↳ Different physical properties
↳same functionalgroup ↳
Boiling point 2 Moluta ventral wallforce
↳chemical nature same
↳Same functional Group
↳Same General Formula
eg:CH3-04
↳ Same Method ofpreparation
CHg-CH2-OM
CHG-CH2-M2-04
General Formula
ketone
Alkane->CnMent2, Aldehyde-CaMenO
Alkene ->Ch42R - Ester

Alkyne+cnten-Carboxylic acid + chMenOz

 AlCOROL ->
(nMan+O4 OrCnH2n+2O
Alkan, (C43-04) other

classification

①primary (1%)

testo carbon un autocarbon sanga matral attachted Luna

pazyo

② Secondary (20

attached with 2 carbon

③Tertaxy (50)
attached with a carbon

④ Quaternary (4%
attached with 4 carbon
 nee C43
-

C342
I

Crs-cn-242-6-242-
4
14-CH2-CH3
↓
20 ing 30
10

In case of Amines

classification as 10,20230Amines isn't

according to degree of carbon. Rather its as per the basis OFN-ebond.

ON if I carbon sanga bond xa - 10 amine

②N iF 2 carbon bond xa -20 amine

sanga

③ NiF g carbon sanga bond xa +30 amine

examples

⑨ CH3-CH2-N42 - 10

->
CHS--C4g
③
10 - R-NHz

②
Ch3-CH-N-M3 - 20
20 = Re-NM
& (C43/3 N+ 30 30 + R3-N
& H (245 ->30
N
-
-
 ② 2 B, VsE
F.G, M.B, subsituent

SUB 2
⑨ Ca-CH2-CH2-CH2-COO4

③ is-o=cy-ins
⑧
143--us
) How many alpha hydrogen?
O 2

-cs
11 (13-C42
① Che ② (13-C-CH3 ③ C245-C40
↳ 24 1 ↳2H 2
42H 6
=
=

0
11 (12-(H2-(43
⑥ (43-(7 27-CH3
④ (45-Ch=CH2
=

58 (7, -
C -

C347
24 3
= [4=5 24 6=

·
Fir,an
C40
Ch3 -

⑦
Fan =0
1,/as
- ⑨
u