MAPEH

MUSIC

Renaissance Period – Renaitre means Rebirth, revival, rediscover

- Discovery
- Innovation
- Exploration

Characteristics

- Polyphonic
- Imitation is common
- Word Painting
- Flowing manner
- Easier to perform

Vocal Music in Renaissance

Mass – Sacred from Eucharistic liturgy

-Polyphonic

-Acappela or orchestral or;

*Syllabic – one note to syllable

*Neumatic - Few notes to one syllable

*Melismatic – Many notes to one syllable

-Five Main Section

*Kyrie (Lord Have Mercy)

*Gloria (Glory to the Lord)

*Credo (I Believe In One God)

*Sanctus and Benedictus ( Holy, Holy and Blessed is he)

*Agnus Dei (Lamb Of God)

Madrigal – Secular Music – From Italy -Religious

-Poetic -Important -Court gatherings

*Polyphonic *Acapella

*Through Composed *3-6 Voices

Composers

- Giovanni Pierluigi da Palestrina

o Greatest master of Roman Catholic Church
o Has interest in satisfying the desires of church leaders
o Famous Composition – “Pope Marcellus Mass”
- Thomas Morley
o Most Famous composer of secular music
o Famous Comp- “Fire, Fire My Heart” “Sing and Chant
It” “Fantasie” “April is in my Mistress Face”
“It was his lover and his lass”

Medieval (700-400)

- Middle Age or Dark Ages

Vocal Music
- Gregorian Chant (Sung by monks during Mass)
- Monophonic

- Modal

- Made by Pope Gregory I

- Reenactment of the last supper
-Free Meter
-Based on Latin Liturgy
- Use of Neume Notation

- Secular Music – Non Christian

- Troubadours (singers)

- Monophonis (Improvised)

-French

- Usually about Chivalry and Courtly love

Instrument that is usually used is the flute.

Western System

- Neuvre
o Basic element of musical notation prior to the invention of
five-line staff notation.
- Neumes
o Symbols that indicate general shape
o Setting music on existing text
Composers

- Adam Dela Halle

o Oldest secular composer whose works include chansons and
poetic debates
o “Jey de Robin et Marion” – earliest surviving French secular
play with music

Baroque Music

- Barroco – pearl of irregular shape

o Elaborate
o Grandiose
o Ornamented

Characteristics

- Elaborate
- Ornamental
- Not easy to sing/remember
- Contrapuntal textures with homophony
- Dynamic contrast

Music Genres

- Operas
- Suites
- Toccatas
- Concerto
o Solo with orchestra
- Concerto Grosso
o Soloists with orchestra
- Fugue
o Contrapuntal
o Imitative Counter point
o Repetitive
- Oratorio
o Liturgy, Biblical event/Religious
- Chorale
o Harmonized Version

Instruments that Are Commonly Used are Harpsicord and Organ.

Famous Composers:

- Johann Sebastian Bach

o Known for compositions on organ, orchestra, and oratorio
o German
o Famous Comps: Mass in B minor
o Brandenbugg Concertos
o Cantata 208 and 211
o Fugue in G minor
o Toccata and Fugue in D minor
- Anotonio Vivaldi
o Venice, Italy
o Red Priest
o Greatest Baroque composer
o Famous Comp: The Four Season
- George Friedrich Handel
o German
o Remembered for Operas and oratorios
o Famous Comp : Messiah
o Blind(Still performs)
ARTS

Ancient Era

-Pre Historic Paintings

* Clue to understanding Early human life and culture

* Found in Cave

- Communication

- Religious and Ceremonials

*Correct in proportion

Examples:

1. Cave of Lascaux
i. Depicts large figure of native animals discovered in Sep 12 1940.
2. Hall Of Bulls (From Cave Lascaux)

-Sculptire
Egyptian Era

-Purpose:

* Shows afterlife

* Emphasize importance of life after death

* Preservation of Knowledge

Characteristics:

 Highly Stylized
 Symbolic
 Shows profile View
 Main colors : Red, Black, Blue, Gold and Green

Examples:

 Sarcophagus of Tutankhamen
- Painted in tomb walls are scenes about life and expected scenes
after death
 Maat and Isis
- Kneeling winged goddess and one on the throne
Greek Era

- Found in vases, panels and tomb

- Natural Figure with dynamic composition
- Subjects are battle scenes, mythological figure and everyday scene

Romantic Era

-Copied of Hellenic Greek Paintings

-Used Fresco Technique in bright colored bg

- Tic tac Toe Design

-Multipoint perspective

Methods:

 Fresco
o Painting water based pigment on freshly applied plaster on wall
surfaces
o Colors made with grind powder pigments, water dry and set with
plaster to be permanent
o Ideal for murals, durable and has matte style
 Encaustic
o Greek Ship Builders use to fill cracks of the ship
o Paint mixed with beeswax and fixed with heat
 Panel Painting
o Paint on panel of wood
o No longer exist
 Kerch(Vase Painting)
o Pelike - wine container
o Lekanis – (Low bowl with horizontal handles and low broad foot)
o Lebes Gamikos – high handle with lid; Bridal bath
o Krater – Bowl for mixing wine and water
 Tomb
o Sharp, flat outline
o Water based
o Only shades and hues
 Mosaic
o Process in creating image using small pieces of diff materials.
o Decorative Art
Byzantine

- Lively style that is invented of greek and rome

- Christian

- Blending Greek and Oriental style in 11th Century

Romanesque Painting

-Evolved in the 3rd of the 12th Century

-Realization of Religios and social functions

-Mosaics with strict frontal pose

3 main Functions

 Entertain
 Moralise
 Educate

Gothic

-From Northern, France

-Reinforce symbolism

-Church symbolizes transcendence of soul and philosophy is buildings of height and light.

Famous Paintings

The Shepherd David

Lady and Unicorn Tapestry

Christ in Majesty