20/10/2019

NDEJJE UNIVERSITY

FACULTY OF ENGINEERING
DEPARTMENT OF CIVIL ENGINEERING

Construction Technology
Lecture : The History of Construction

Dr. Musa Manga Nsubuga

Postdoc. Env. Eng (UNC, USA); Ph.D. Civil Eng. (Leeds, UK); MSc Eng. Env. (1.1 Dist),
(Leeds, UK); BSc. Const.(1.1 Hons) MAK; Dip. Architecture.
.

Outline

The history of construction

1. Forms of Construction;
1. Buidings
2. Heavy/Civil construction
3. Industrial Construction

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LEARNING OUTCOME

 Understand the history of construction.

 Identify the different toes of construction and wat the

entail.

HISTORY OF
CONSTRUCTION

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CONSTRUCTION
 The construction of a building can be considered as
production with a temporary factory, the building
site being the ‘factory’ in which the building
contractor will make the product.
 To enable this activity to take place the builder
requires operatives, materials and plant, all of
which have to be carefully controlled so that the
operatives have the right machines in the most
advantageous position, the materials stored so
that they are readily available and not interfering
with the general site circulation, and adequate
storage space and site accommodation.

CONSTRUCTION
There are two general aspects to the construction of
buildings:
 conventional or traditional methods;
 modern or industrialised methods.
There is, an element of continuity and overlap between
traditional and contemporary, and both are frequently
deployed on the same building, e.g. traditional brick
facing to a prefabricated steel-framed commercial
building or to a factory-made timber-framed house.

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 Economies of scale may justify factory-

manufactured, prefabricated elements of
structure.
 These industrialised methods are usually a
rationalised manufacturing process used to
produce complete elements, i.e. floors, walls,
roof frames, etc. in modules or standardised
dimensional increments of 300 mm.

CONSTRUCTION TECHNOLOGY
 This refers to the collection of innovative tools,
machinery, modifications, software, etc. used during
the construction phase of a project that enables
advancement in field construction methods, including
semi-automated and
automated construction equipment.
 Itis essential that all students of building have an
awareness of the variable methods of construction and
application of materials in both traditional and
industrial practice, in order to adapt their career
pattern to the diverse expectations of the industry.

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FORMS OF CONSTRUCTION;
Construction can be broadly classified
under three main categories. These
are;
1. Buildings
2. Heavy/Civil construction
3. Industrial Construction

Buildings
Building construction refers to construction of
structures with a roof on the super structure.
These are in various types depending on size, shape
and function however they are usually further
divided into; residential and non-residential
(commercial/institutional).
Residential buildings; this refers to buildings
which provide more than half of its floor area for
dwelling purposes. These provide sleeping
accommodation with or without cooking or dinning
or both. These can be private houses, lodging
houses, dormitories, apartments, hotels,

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Buildings
Conditions for residential buildings;
 They should be in fully developed areas
 Services should be provided; water, electricity.
 Soil should be stable
 The water table should not be so high.
 Adequate space should be available.
 Nearness to schools, hospitals, shopping malls etc
 It should be located away from busy commercial roads.
 The should not be located near factories or workshops

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Buildings
Commercial buildings; these are buildings used for
commercial purposes. They include offices, ware houses,
supermarkets, stores, hospitals, schools, sports centers
etc.
Conditions for commercial buildings;
 They should be in fully developed areas.
 Services should be provided; water, electricity.
 Adequate space should be available.
 Nearness to roads to ease accessibility and have
adequate parking.
 They should be easily accessed by all people; kids,
PWDs, elderly etc.

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Heavy/Civil construction
This includes large public works, dams, bridges, highways,
railways, water or wastewater and utility distribution.

Heavy/Civil construction
This type of construction is usually carried out by
government because of the high capital required.
It often results in infrastructural development and tend
to benefit the entire community instead of single of
clusters of individuals.
This usually takes a much longer time to construct
compared to the other forms of construction.
Heavy civil projects, the focus needs to be on minimizing
inconvenience to the public, local community, and
motorists. It’s very important to accelerate the project
schedule to meet critical goals and deliver quality work
that can be counted on for decades.

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HEAVY/CIVIL CONSTRUCTION
 Projects within the heavy classification are distinguished
on the basis of their particular project characteristics, like
complex engineering and industrial nature, and separate
wage determinations;
 Heavy construction means construction other than
building construction; e.g., highway or street, sewer and
pipeline, railroad, communication and power line, flood
con- trol, irrigation, marine, etc.

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Industrial Construction
Industrial construction includes refineries, process
chemical,power generation, mills and
manufacturing plants.
Industrial construction focuses on larger scale
projects that are specialized such as factories,
manufacturing plants, power plants, etc
This involves the construction of; factories and other
premises used for manufacturing, altering,
repairing, cleaning, washing, breaking-up, adapting
or processing any article; generating power or
slaughtering livestock.

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THANK YOU

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