CONSTRUCTION

METHODS AND
OPERATIONS
GROUP 5
JEE VEE D. RAYNALDO
JAMES G. LANGURAYAN
JHASTIN B. ROA
CONSTRUCTION

* Construction is the process of constructing a

building or a infrastracture. Construction differs
from manufracturing in that manufacturing
typically involves mass production of similar items
without a designated purchaser , while construction
as an industry comprises six to 9 percent of gross
domestic product of developed countries.
 CONSTRUCTION METHODS

1. Surveying 11. Slabs

2. Clearing 12. Wall
3. Framing 13. Electrical/Mechanical
4. Signages 14. Plumbing
5. Mobilization 15. Finishing/Partisions
6. Layout 16. Tapping off/Roff deck
7. Excavation 17. Painting
8. Footing 18. Power supply
9. Columns 19. Testing
10. Beams 20. Demobilization
21. Handover
TYPES OF CONSTRUCTION

1. BUILDING CONSTRUCTION
2. INFRASTRACTURE
3. INDUSTRIAL
BUILDING CONSTRUCTION

Building construction is the process of adding

structure to real property. The vast majority of
building construction projects are small
renovations, such as the addition of a room, or
renovation of a bathroom. Often, the owner of the
property acts as a laborer, paymaster, and design
team for the entire project.
COMMERCIAL
RESIDENTIAL
INFRUSTRUCTURE
•Infrastracture is often called heavy/highway ,
heavy civil or heavy engineering. It includes large
public works dams , bridges , highways , water /
wastewater and utility distribution.
INDUSTRIAL
•Industrial includes refineries , process chemical power
generation , mills and manufacturing plants, there are
other ways to break the industry into sectors or markets
CONSTRUCTION PROCESSES

DESIGN TEAM
* IN THE MODERN INDUSTRIALIZED WORLD, CONSTRUCTION USUALLY INVOLVES THE TRANSLATION OF DESIGNS INTO REALITYA
FORMAL DESIGN TEAM MAY BE ASSEMBLED TO PLAN THE PHYSICAL PROCEEDINGS, AND TO INTEGRATE THOSE PROCEEDINGS WITH
THE OTHER PARTS. THE DESIGN USUALLY CONSISTS OF DRAWINGS AND SPECIFICATIONS, USUALLY PREPARED BY A DESIGN TEAM
INCLUDING ARCHITECT, CIVIL ENGINEERS, MECHANICAL ENGINEERS, ELECTRICAL ENGINEERS, STRUCTURAL ENGINEERS, FIRE
PROTECTION ENGINEERS, PLANNING CONSULTANTS, ARCHITECTURAL CONSULTANTS, AND ARCHAEOLOGICAL CONSULTANT.
FINANCIAL ADVISORS
* CONSTRUCTION PROJECTS CAN SUFFER FROM PREVENTABLE FINANCIAL
PROBLEMS. UNDERBIDS HAPPEN WHEN BUILDERS ASK FOR TOO LITTLE MONEY TO
COMPLETE THE PROJECT. CASH FLOW PROBLEMS EXIST WHEN THE PRESENT
AMOUNT OF FUNDING CANNOT COVER THE CURRENT COSTS FOR LABOUR AND
MATERIALS, AND BECAUSE THEY ARE A MATTER OF HAVING SUFFICIENT FUNDS AT A
SPECIFIC TIME, CAN ARISE EVEN WHEN THE OVERALL TOTAL IS ENOUGH. FRAUD IS A
PROBLEM IN MANY FIELDS, BUT IS NOTORIOUSLY PREVALENT IN THE
CONSTRUCTION FIELD. FINANCIAL PLANNING FOR THE PROJECT IS INTENDED TO
ENSURE THAT A SOLID PLAN WITH ADEQUATE SAFEGUARDS AND CONTINGENCY
PLANS ARE IN PLACE BEFORE THE PROJECT IS STARTED AND IS REQUIRED TO ENSURE
THAT THE PLAN IS PROPERLY EXECUTED OVER THE LIFE OF THE PROJECT.MORTGAGE
BANKERS, ACCOUNTANTS, AND COST ENGINEERS ARE LIKELY PARTICIPANTS IN
CREATING AN OVERALL PLAN FOR THE FINANCIAL MANAGEMENT OF THE BUILDING
CONSTRUCTION PROJECT.
LEGAL ASPECTS

* A CONSTRUCTION PROJECT MUST FIT INTO THE LEGAL FRAMEWORK

GOVERNING THE PROPERTY. THESE INCLUDE GOVERNMENTAL
REGULATIONS ON THE USE OF PROPERTY, AND OBLIGATIONS THAT ARE
CREATED IN THE PROCESS OF CONSTRUCTION.THE PROJECT MUST ADHERE
TOONING AND BUILDING CODE REQUIREMENTS. CONSTRUCTING A
PROJECT THAT FAILS TO ADHERE TO CODES DOES NOT BENEFIT THE
OWNER. SOME LEGAL REQUIREMENTS COME FROM MALUM IN SE
CONSIDERATIONS, OR THE DESIRE TO PREVENT THINGS THAT ARE
INDISPUTABLY BAD  BRIDGE COLLAPSES OR EXPLOSIONS. OTHER LEGAL
REQUIREMENTS COME FROM MALUM PROHIBITUM CONSIDERATIONS, OR
THINGS THAT ARE A MATTER OF CUSTOM OR EXPECTATION, SUCH AS
ISOLATING BUSINESSES TO A BUSINESS DISTRICT AND RESIDENCES TO A
RESIDENTIAL DISTRICT.
INTERACTION OF EXPERTISE

* DESIGN, FINANCE, AND LEGAL ASPECTS OVERLAP AND INTERRELATE. THE

DESIGN MUST BE NOT ONLY STRUCTURALLY SOUND AND APPROPRIATE
FOR THE USE AND LOCATION, BUT MUST ALSO BE FINANCIALLY POSSIBLE
TO BUILD, AND LEGAL TO USE. THE FINANCIAL STRUCTURE MUST
ACCOMMODATE THE NEED FOR BUILDING THE DESIGN PROVIDED, AND
MUST PAY AMOUNTS THAT ARE LEGALLY OWED. THE LEGAL STRUCTURE
MUST INTEGRATE THE DESIGN INTO THE SURROUNDING LEGAL
FRAMEWORK, AND ENFORCE THE FINANCIAL CONSEQUENCES OF THE
CONSTRUCTION PROCESS
PROCURREMENT
* PROCUREMENT DESCRIBES THE MERGING OF ACTIVITIES UNDERTAKEN
BY THE CLIENT TO OBTAIN A BUILDING. THERE ARE MANY DIFFERENT
METHODS OF CONSTRUCTION PROCUREMENT/ HOWEVER THE THREE
MOST COMMON TYPES OF PROCUREMENT ARE TRADITIONAL +DESIGN-BID-
BUILD, DESIGN-BUILD AND MANAGEMENT CONTRACTING. THERE IS ALSO
A GROWING NUMBER OF NEW FORMS OF PROCUREMENT THAT INVOLVE
RELATIONSHIP CONTRACTING WHERE THE EMPHASIS IS ON A CO-
OPERATIVE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN THE PRINCIPAL AND CONTRACTOR
AND OTHER STAKEHOLDERS WITHIN A CONSTRUCTION PROJECT. NEW
FORMS INCLUDE PARTNERING SUCH AS PUBLIC-PRIVATE PARTNERING
+PPPS AKA PRIVATE FINANCE INITIATIVES +PFIS AND ALLIANCES SUCH AS
0PURE0 OR 0PROJECT0 ALLIANCES AND 0IMPURE0 OR 0STRATEGIC0
ALLIANCES.
MODERN METHODS OF
CONSTRUCTION ( MMC )

HE CONCRETE INDUSTRY EMBRACES

INNOVATION AND MODERN METHODS OF
CONSTRUCTION (MMC) BY OFFERING CONCRETE
SOLUTIONS WHICH CAN BE USED TO REDUCE
CONSTRUCTION TIME AND PROMOTE
SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT, AS WELL AS
OFFERING COST SAVINGS.
PRECAST FLAT PANEL SYSTEM

FLOOR AND WALL UNITS ARE PRODUCED OFF-SITE IN A

FACTORY AND ERECTED ON-SITE TO FORM ROBUST
STRUCTURES, IDEAL FOR ALL REPETITIVE CELLULAR
PROJECTS. PANELS CAN INCLUDE SERVICES, WINDOWS,
DOORS AND FINISHES. BUILDING ENVELOPE PANELS
WITH FACTORY FITTED INSULATION AND DECORATIVE
CLADDING CAN ALSO BE USED AS LOAD-BEARING
ELEMENTS. THIS OFFERS FACTORY QUALITY AND
ACCURACY, TOGETHER WITH SPEED OF ERECTION ON-
SITE.
PRECAST FLAT PANEL SYSTEM
3D VOLUMETRIC CONSTRUCTION
*3D VOLUMETRIC CONSTRUCTION (ALSO KNOWN AS MODULAR CONSTRUCTION)
INVOLVES THE PRODUCTION OF THREE-DIMENSIONAL UNITS IN CONTROLLED
FACTORY CONDITIONS PRIOR TO TRANSPORTATION TO SITE.

•MODULES CAN BE BROUGHT TO SITE IN A VARIETY OF FORMS, RANGING FROM A

BASIC STRUCTURE TO ONE WITH ALL INTERNAL AND EXTERNAL FINISHES AND
SERVICES INSTALLED, ALL READY FOR ASSEMBLY. THE CASTING OF MODULES USES
THE BENEFITS OF FACTORY CONDITIONS TO CREATE SERVICE-INTENSIVE UNITS
WHERE A HIGH DEGREE OF REPETITION AND A NEED FOR RAPID ASSEMBLY ON-SITE
MAKE ITS USE HIGHLY DESIRABLE.

* THIS MODERN METHOD OF CONSTRUCTION OFFERS THE INHERENT BENEFITS OF

CONCRETE, SUCH ASTHERMAL MASS, SOUND AND FIRE RESISTANCE, AS WELL AS
OFFERING FACTORY QUALITY AND ACCURACY, TOGETHER WITH SPEED OF ERECTION
ON-SITE.
3D VOLUMETRIC CONSTRUCTION
TUNNEL FORM

*TUNNEL FORM IS A FORMWORK SYSTEM THAT ALLOWS THE CONTRACTOR TO BUILD MONOLITHIC
WALLS AND SLABS IN ONE OPERATION ON A DAILY CYCLE. IT COMBINES THE SPEED, QUALITY AND
ACCURACY OF FACTORY*OFFSITE PRODUCED READY-MIX CONCRETE AND FORMWORK WITH THE
FLEXIBILITY AND ECONOMY OF CAST IN-SITU CONSTRUCTION.
CONSTRUCTIONS OPERATIONS

* CURRENTLY 3D-MODELLING IS THE TREND IN THE SIMULATION

AREA. HOWEVER, DEVELOPING #D MODELS OF CONSTRUCTION
OPERATIONS IS VERY COMPLEX AND TIME CONSUMING. IN
GENERAL, THE STUDY OF CONSTRUCTION OPERATIONS REQUIRES A
TOOL THAT PROVIDES SOLUTIONS WITHOUT REQUIRING THE INPUT
OF COPIOUS AMOUNTS OF DATA. IN ORDER FOR A CONSTRUCTION
COMPANY TO USE A SIMULATION TOOL, THE METHODOLOGY HAS
TO BE PRESENTED IN A VERY SIMPLE AND GRAPHICAL CONTEXT.
PICTORIAL AND SCHEMATIC TOOLS ARE EASILY ACCEPTED.
PROSIDYC
* PROSIDYC IS A SYSTEM FOR SIMULATING CONSTRUCTION
OPERATIONS JOINTLY DEVELOPED BY THE PLANNING AND
METHODS UNIT OF DRAGADOS Y CONSTRUCTION, MADRID, SPAIN
AND THE DIVISION OF CONSTRUCTION ENGINEERING 3
MANAGEMENT AT PURDUE UNIVERSITY. IT IS A COMPUTER-BASED
SYSTEM ANALYING CONSTRUCTION JOB SITE PRODUCTION
PROCESSES. IT IS USED TO IMPROVE PRODUCTIVITY IN THE FIELD BY
STUDYING RESOURCE UTILIZATION AND CYCLE TIMES IDENTIFYING
OPPURTUNITIES FOR PRODUCTION IMPROVEMENT.
THANK YOU!
PLATES #5

1. GIVE ATLEAST 10 CONSTRUCTION

METHODS

2. WHAT ARE THE THREE TYPES OF

CONSTRUCTION?

3.WHAT IS BUILDING CONSTRUCTION?