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ABSTRACT
In the business world, customer service is crucial for the business's success.
Customer service enables an organization for growth. The study aimed to determine the
relationship between customer service and fast food chains’ reputation and its importance
to customer satisfaction. This research is a quantitative study that was conducted in
Baguio City, and it involved 30 randomly sampled restaurant servers as its respondents.
All data gathered was treated with utmost confidentiality to ensure the privacy of the
respondents. In addition, the data was analyzed through inferential and descriptive
statistics. The findings of this study reveal that customer service has a relationship with
fast food restaurants’ reputation, which is a crucial factor in improving customer
satisfaction.
Keywords: Customer service, restaurant servers, fast food chain
INTRODUCTION
Businesses face several problems daily that can lead to the reputation of a
company and their consumers' satisfaction plummeting. With this, the researcher's topic,
customer service, is centralized on the service quality provided by personnel of fast-food
chains. The quality of customer service is considered an essential factor in any business,
especially in fast-food chains. Depending on the quality of a business’s customer service
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can also affect the reputation of a business because the direct line of communication
between your customers and your company is customer service. It keeps clients and gets
more value out of them. Businesses can recover their cost associated with customer
acquisition by offering excellent customer service (Amaresan, 2022). Maintaining
high-quality customer service gives off a competitive advantage in which it is a
marketing tool because a business that has quality service has the capacity and is capable
of keeping the existing customer and simultaneously drawing new ones (Loke, et al.,
2018).
Furthermore, as stated by Juanamasta et al., (2019), "Businesses are competing to
meet the needs, desires, and expectations of consumers so that the producers can ensure
that customers remain loyal despite changes in consumer tastes and the changes that
occur in the environment around them." With this being stated, customer service
empowers a customer's loyalty to a business. The loyalty of consumers can also not be
separated from good service quality (Junamasta et al., 2019). For customer service in
fast-food chains, slow customer service can be related to slow food delivery to the
customers‟ tables and less friendly customer service (Kanyan et al., 2015). Therefore, the
key to providing excellent customer service is being simple to work with. Organizations
must simply fulfill their commitments and have effective processes in place to address
problems when they arise. An organization's reputation appears to be strongly influenced
by how well it responds to problems and inquiries. “Employees need to identify
weaknesses and consider planning for improvement in quality, thereby improving
efficiency, profitability, and overall performance” (Duggal & Duggal, 2012). Some small
extra touches and a personal touch could influence this impression. Customers are
considerably more willing to accept issues if a company delivers on its promise.
Additionally, it covers employee development, remuneration, incentive programs,
and capacity-building efforts. Individual staff competency development and capacity
building are examples of capability development. It means having a sufficient number of
employees to deliver service excellence and achieve employee satisfaction. The
development of competence and leadership is also emphasized in this category. This
category serves as a basis for achieving service excellence since competence
development, capacity building, and leadership development are necessary for higher
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service performance (Asif et al., 2014). As stated by Khan and Fasih (2014), ‟Service
quality can be accessed with the SERVQUAL scale. The scale measures the quality of
service before and after consumption. It has five dimensions: tangibility, responsiveness,
reliability, knowledge, and empathetic (attention to individual customer demands/
individualization of service)''.
Moreover, there is an evident growth of fast-food chains in the Philippines, from
international to local brands. These brands continue to create their branches throughout
the country for the access of many. Moreover, each of these fast-food chains is expected
to satisfy the consumer's time, hunger, pleasure, and entertainment. Then, to be able to
satisfy the consumer’s needs, fast food chains have to emphasize the speed and efficiency
of their service. Failure to provide these needs would result in dissatisfaction from the
customers, resulting in negative reviews that may lead to customer loss and a bad
reputation in the eyes of the public. As for the City of Baguio, fast food chains started
using food ordering machines, also known as self-service kiosks. These machines enable
fast-food restaurants to operate more quickly and efficiently (Yang et al., 2019). Fast food
chains that provide good customer service will have a good perspective towards
customers. It has also had a huge impact, adding value to the fast-food chain's reputation.
Additionally, in the food market, it's critical for businesses to maximize consumer
happiness, which may be done by providing top-notch customer service. In a market that
is becoming more competitive, concentration on services, particularly in the market for
service businesses to survive, quality is crucial as is achievement. Controlling service
quality aids management in preserving consistency (Ramya, et al., 2019).
People in the 7PS of the marketing mix. Employees of a company are at the
forefront when interacting with customers, taking and handling their inquiries, orders,
and complaints in person. Throughout the customer's journey, they interact with them and
become the company's "face." It is critical to maximize their familiarity with the
company's goods and services, as well as their access to relevant information and overall
outlook. People can be unpredictable, but with the right coaching, empowerment, and
encouragement from a firm, they can also represent an opportunity to stand out in a
crowded market and forge long-term relationships with clients. (Allen, 2020)
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Fig. 2 shows the interrelatedness of the different variables that will make up the
study. It also shows the approach to the collection and treatment of the data through a
certain research design. Then, after all the procedures are completed, the researchers are
to come up with conclusions that are anchored to the study’s objectives.
METHODOLOGY
Study Design
One of the most important considerations when planning a study is how to
perform it to establish the advantageous study design to meet the stated objectives of the
proposed research question, and the researchers used a Quantitative Research -
Descriptive Survey. Understanding the research problem is the fundamental goal of a
study. The researcher sought solutions to the why, what, how, where, when, etc.
questions. A researcher can better understand the study problem with the use of a
descriptive research design. An in-depth understanding of a phenomenon can be revealed
using the quantitative research process known as descriptive study. In order to give you
information that is both accurate and pertinent, descriptive survey research combines
quantitative and qualitative data. Descriptive survey design, a quick research technique,
involves the subjects who are the focus of the study's goal (What Is Descriptive Survey
Design - Voxco, 2021). In addition, the quantitative strategy employed predefined
questions to describe or explain the characteristics of a large group or groups of people,
which is perfect for this research to use and are surveys that are widely used. This chosen
research design helped the researchers achieve the objectives in a simpler way. The
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Descriptive Survey spared time for the researchers and the participants. This is also a
flexible approach to pinpointing the important issues of this research.
validated by the validator that the University of Baguio has assigned. After the validation
of the data-gathering instrument, the next step the research group took was to make a
letter of request to continue and start to send out the questionnaires required for the
research. With the approval of the principal of the University of Baguio Senior High
School, including our research teacher and class adviser, and other faculty members that
should be informed of this study, our research group conducted the floating of
questionnaires to randomly selected respondents, specifically 30 employees, including
former staff that have at least three months of experience in selected fast-food chains in
Baguio City. The gathering of data required for the study lasted up to two weeks. Once
the required respondents had been gathered, our research team explained the purpose of
this study. The researchers also explained that the information that was given to them was
used for research purposes and was properly taken care of. After the respondents finished
answering the questionnaire, the papers were collected, analyzed, tallied, and interpreted
to be able to gather enough information and evidence to support our stand.
Treatment of Data
The data collected was tallied, tabulated, analyzed, and interpreted through the
following statistical treatment. To address research objective #1, a two-tailed t-test is used
to test the hypothesis: There is a relationship between customer service and fast food
chain reputation. Data analysis has also included the use of inferential analysis, a
statistical technique that assesses and examines the relationship between two numerically
measured and continuous variables with the use of hypothesis testing, namely t-test. This
was used to determine how the specified variables are related (customer service and
fast-food reputation). As for the second objective, we utilized the use of descriptive
statistics such as frequency count, mean, and percent for us to assess the importance of
customer service to customer satisfaction.
Ethical Consideration
An ICF form was distributed among the respondents (See Appendix C). The
permission form, as well as the purpose of the study, was explained to respondents before
they agreed to participate. The data accumulated for the study, such as the identity and
responses of the respondent, was kept confidential. Moreover, participation in the survey
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was voluntary, which indicated that participants had every right to refuse and withdraw
from the study. The researchers selected the respondents who took part in the survey.
Furthermore, participants in the study survey have the option of participating or
not. Additionally, the researchers made sure that the data gathered satisfied the goals of
the study. Also, the participants were asked whether they would like to have the results of
the study or not. They can rest assured that no information from the respondents was
made public.
This section presented the data analysis and interpretation of the perception of
restaurant servers towards customer service and its relationship to fast food chains, and
its importance to customer satisfaction.
customer service model influences customers' perceptions, allowing them to believe that
the fast food chain is worth their money. In relation, efficient customer service means
staff are knowledgeable about the products or services and can quickly give customers
the answers they need. If a problem arises, they resolve the issues and leave customers
satisfied (Johnson, 2023). However, a study by Slack, N. et. al (2020) concluded
otherwise, stating that Food quality and the quality of the physical environment are key
predictors of consumer perceived value, but staff service quality is not, according to the
compound influence of fast-food restaurant service quality aspects on that value.
Respondents also agree that proper training of employees can maintain the sales
of the fast food chain. The effect of training and development has the ability to keep
restaurants' sales from declining. To support this, a study conducted by Elnaga et al.
(2013) stated that employee training refers to programs that provide workers with
information, new skills, or professional development opportunities. Training employees
to help acquire individual/managerial skills and process skills helps in improving
organizational effectiveness; knowledge application and knowledge protection interact
with individual/managerial skills in training to improve organizational effectiveness; and
knowledge acquisition, knowledge application, and knowledge protection interact with
process skills training to enhance organizational effectiveness (Rahman, A., et.al 2013).
A majority of the respondents agree that effective communication between
employees and customers helps in boosting the popularity of the fast-food chain.
Researchers agree that communication has a substantial effect on the service and on how
well the staff are able to deal with their customers. In addition, Williams (2022) specified
that efficient communication is the ability to deliver a clear message in the shortest
amount of time. Effective communication's key characteristics are clarity, concreteness,
completeness, and correctness. In order to effectively use efficient communication, a
person should be concise and honest while making sure that what they convey is clear
(Williams, 2022).
In this study the researchers also found out that effective customer service enables
the fast food chain to attract new customers. Furthermore, a study has demonstrated that
word-of-mouth influences customers' purchase decisions. Word-of-mouth refers to
recommendations made from one person to another on a company's reliability, product
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quality, and level of customer service. Consequently, raising total service quality
enhances customer perception of value and word-of-mouth (WOM), which in turn
encourages customers to improve their willingness to return or their intention to make a
repeat purchase.(Lui, C. et.al, 2016)
Importance of customer service quality in customer’s satisfaction
Figure 4: Representation for Objective 2. X-axis: Degree of importance of answer; Y-axis: number of
responses. Q1: More Important (22) Important (8) Less Important (0) Not important (0); Q2: More
Important (25) Important (5) Less Important (0) Not important; Q3: More Important (27) Important (3)
Less Important (0) Not important; Q4: More Important (27) Important (3) Less Important (0) Not
important; Q5: More Important (24) Important (6) Less Important (0) Not important
responses are determined by the emotions evoked and experienced in the service failure
encounter. In other words, both positive and negative emotions are expected to mediate
the relationship between perceived injustice and customer satisfaction.
The 2nd question of the questionnaire, ‘excellent customer service helps ease the
tension of the customer while ordering,’ five persons, equivalent to 16.67%, answered
number 3 as important. Moreover, 25 individuals, equivalent to 83.33% chose 4, very
important as their answer. The overall mean hence resulted in 3.83. Researchers found
out that customer service held importance in a fastfood chain because it helps lessen the
anxiety of the customers while ordering. According to Chang et al. (2017); Good service
efficiency will help to increase consumer engagement and relationships, which will
increase customer happiness. Empathy is the characteristic of giving each consumer
unique attention. During the interaction, the service providers go above and above to
make the customer feel appreciated and unique (Bahadur et al., 2018).
Question number 3 which asks about the importance of personnel with proper
training that can easily manage to adjust to customer's requests, has a total of 30
respondents. 27 respondents, 90.00%, chose 4 as their answer as they deem it as very
important. 3 respondents, 10.00%, chose 3 as their answer. No respondents chose
numbers 2 and 1 as their answers. The mean for question number 3 is 3.9. Therefore,
proper training of personnel is a very important aspect in customer service because it
enables one to rapidly adapt to changing demands from customers. In addition,training
aids the workforce to acquire the information of their employment in a finer way and
individuals gain knowledge from their viable experience, much healthier performance in
contrast with academics (Akbar, et. al 2015. Moreover, the act of resolving a customer's
issue can be rewarding for an employee because it raises their self-esteem and sense of
accomplishment. For instance, a well-trained server will treat customers politely or go
above and beyond to give them a special service. These clients frequently return because
they have positive memories of your business (Carey, 2023).
For the 4th question from objective 2, quality service makes customer interaction
easier, 3 persons answered 3 as important, 10.00% of the 100% of individuals.
Furthermore, 27 individuals, 90.00%, answered 4 as very important with the question.
The mean of question number 4 is 3.9. This signifies that quality service is crucial
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Based on the findings of the study, the researchers, therefore, conclude that there
is a relationship between customer service and a fast-food chain’s reputation. Researchers
also conclude that excellent customer service clearly affects a fast food chain’s ratings,
popularity and customer’s loyalty. Furthermore, proper training of employees enables a
fast food chain to execute their customer service with great efficiency. In addition, the
researchers were able to assess that customer service quality is essential in maintaining
customer satisfaction. Moreover researchers also discovered that having efficient
customer service helps in the interaction between an employee and their customers by
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improving customer’s mood, relieving tension and reducing inconveniences. Also, due to
limitations incurred in the study, the researchers would like to recommend the following
to future researchers:
a.) Future researchers should consider creating additional questions for the
questionnaire.
b.) Future researchers should consider the Likert scale for more credible
results
c.) Future researchers should consider a larger number of respondents to be
able to gather more data. It is also recommended to conduct the study in a
wide area.
d.) Future researchers also should consider conducting the study in a
qualitative research design.
e.) Future researchers can conduct a comparative analysis of other regions.
This study can investigate how cultural variations in customer service
expectations affect servers' attitudes and conduct.
f.) Future researchers should consider creating questionnaires for customers
to collect both sides of experiences of service quality.
g.) Future researchers should plan ahead for their schedules and timeline of
the study
Acknowledgement
First and Foremost, praises and thanks to God for His showers of blessings
throughout their research successfully. The researchers would like to express their
gratitude to everyone who assisted them in carrying out this quantitative study and who
believed they could contribute their best efforts. To Mrs. Rowena Cuntapay, their
research teacher, who guided them throughout the making of this research paper, from the
revisions up to the finalization of this paper. Their consistent understanding, support, and
tolerance as well as their constant encouragement, reminders, and inspiration allowed the
researchers to complete this study.
To their ethics reviewer Ma'am Marilou Sannadan, Ma’am Christian Michelle
Cacho and Tool validator Ma'am Nona Christina Gabriel, and respondents who help them
achieve and make the research work. To share their knowledge and experience with them
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is a big part of their research journey. To the principal of their school Dr. Marivic Mutong
for approving their topic to continue. Researchers also express their gratitude to their
panelists, Mr. Alexander Kilip Jr. and Mr. Michael D. Benter, who have challenged and
helped them to create a good research paper by checking it and giving suggestions and
advice.
They would want to express their gratitude to the research participants because
this paper could not have been completed without their cooperation. They also want to
thank the fast food restaurant employees who gave up their time to let them conduct the
study secretly and share the results. Also, the researchers acknowledge and appreciate the
support of influential people who participated in the study and helped to perform it, as
this research is the result of a great deal of effort, sacrifice, and insight. The researchers
would also want to thank their families, particularly their parents, for their understanding,
patience, and moral and financial support over the course of the study. Last but not least,
we want to express our profound gratitude and appreciation to everyone who helped
make this study possible.
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Appendices
APPENDIX A
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APPENDIX B
24
APPENDIX C
25
26
27
APPENDIX D
28
29
APPENDIX E
30
APPENDIX F
31
APPENDIX G
32
33
34
35
36
37
38
APPENDIX H
39
40
APPENDIX I
41
APPENDIX J
OBJECTIVE ONE YES NO
Alpha 95%
degrees of freedom 29
t-value -3.6742
42
1. Customer service
affects customer's mood/ 22 8 0 0
environment (73.33%) (26.67%) (0.00%) (0.00%) 3.733333333
2. Excellent customer
service helps ease the
tension felt by the 25 5 0 0
customer when ordering. (83.33%) (16.67%) (0.00%) (0.00%) 3.833333333
APPENDIX K
Curriculum Vitaes
Maria Abegail Ferrer Binwag
285, Purok 1, Barangay Happy Hallow,
Baguio City
Education
Secondary University of Baguio High School
Baguio City
May 2023
Saint Louis High School-Philex
Itogon, Benguet
March 2021
Elementary Philex Mines Elementary School
Tuba, Benguet
March 2017
Award Received
Certificate of Participation BPSA September 2019
Certificate of Recognition W/ High honors UBHS 2021-2022
Certificate of Participation UBHS November 4, 2022
Certificate of Participation UBHS November 26, 2022
Organizational Membership
Member SINAG
UBHS
August 2022
Member Yes Organization
UBHS
August 2022
Seminar/Webinar attended
RDC Orientation and Policies UBHS September 3, 2022
National Indigenous People’s Month UBHS November 4, 2022
Facilitators Training and Oath-Taking Ceremony UBHS November 19, 2022
Campus Journalism Webinar Workshop UBHS November 26, 2022
44
Education
Awards Received
Education
Secondary University of Baguio
Baguio City
May 2023
Baguio City National High School
Baguio City
May 2021
Elementary University of Cordilleras
Baguio City
June 2017
Awards Received
W/ Honors University of Baguio
May 2022
W/ High Honors Baguio City National High School
May 2021
Organizational Membership
Member Special Program in Arts
JHS-BCNHS
May 2021
Member University of Baguio Chamber Orchestra
Senior High-UBHS
June 2023
46
Education
Secondary University of Baguio
Baguio City
May 2023
Baguio City National High School
Baguio City
May 2021
Elementary San Carlos Heights Elementary School
Baguio City
March 2017
Awards Received
W/ Honors Baguio City National High School
May 2021
Organizational Membership
Member Special Program in the Arts-Band
JHS-BCNHS
May 2021
Member University of Baguio Chamber Orchestra
Senior High School- UBHS
June 2023
47
Education
Secondary University of Baguio
Baguio City
March 2023
Elementary Mabini Elementary School
Baguio City
March 2017
Awards Received
Gold Medalist CARAA-CAR
February 16-18, 2016
Organizational Membership
Member/ Athlete UB Cardinals
Baguio City
August 2017-March 2019
48
Education
Secondary University Of Baguio
Baguio City
March 2023
Elementary Saint Joseph de Mary
Baguio City
March 2017
Awards received
Organizational Membership
Member Dance Troupe
Education
Secondary University of Baguio
Baguio City
March 2023
Elementary Saint Louis University
Baguio City
March 2017
Awards Received
Gold Medalist Batang Pinoy- Nationals
September 28, 2019
Organizational Membership
Member/Athlete UB Dare Team
Baguio
January 2023
Seminars and Webinars Attended
Taking Care of Your Mental Health February 2023
Amidst of Pandemic UB
50
Education
Secondary University of Baguio
Baguio City
March 20, 2023
Elementary Ramon Magsaysay
Elementary School
Baguio City
March 2017
Awards
Best In Attendance August - January 2019 -
2020
Organizational Membership
Member English Circle