Sample W T1 Simon

TỔNG HỢP BÀI MẪ U
IELTS WRITING TASK 1

SIMON
collected by ielts-nguyenhuyen.com
Contact
CÁCH TỰ HỌC
IELTS WRITING
https://ielts-nguyenhuyen.com/
Ngày đó Huyền không có điều kiện tham
gia bất kỳ lớp học IELTS nào nên Huyền đã https://www.facebook.com/ieltsfocusmode
tự học hoàn toàn. Kỹ năng IELTS Writing

https://www.youtube.com/@IELTSNguyenHuyen
cũng vậy, Huyền đã tự học hoàn toàn
bằng cách phân tích những bài mẫu như
tuvan@ielts-nguyenhuyen.com
trong eBook này. Vì tự học hoàn toàn nên
Huyền hiểu được cảm giác: 093 663 5052
không biết nên học theo tài liệu nào
đây? 093 663 5052
học như thế nào mới hiệu quả?
phân tích bài mẫu ra sao đây?
...
Đây cũng là lý do Huyền tổng hợp các bài

mẫu của thầy Simon thành một eBook
như thế này.
Thầy Simon là người thầy mà Huyền theo

học từ những ngày mới "chân ướt chân
ráo" biết đến IELTS. Tất nhiên Huyền
không được học các lớp của thầy rồi, mà
Huyền chỉ tự học thông qua các bài mẫu
thầy đăng trên website ielts-simon.com
thôi. Huyền rất thích phong cách đơn giản
của thầy, trong Writing lẫn Speaking.
Huyền mong rằng những tài liệu như thế

này sẽ một phần nào đó hỗ trợ con đường
tự học của mọi người nhé.
Chúc mọi người học tốt và đạt được mục

tiêu đã đặt ra nhé <3
Góc học nhỏ của Huyền tại

nhà
CÁCH GHI CHÚ
VÀ HỆ THỐNG KIẾN THỨC
Mỗi bạn có cách ghi chú và sử dụng các hệ

thống ghi chú khác nhau. Sau đây là cách
Huyền thường hệ thống các kiến thức đã học:
VỞ/BÌA CÒNG
Huyền thường sử dụng những quyển vở như
thế này để ghi chú lại những gì đã học.
Chúng ta có thể mua 4 quyển vở tương ứng

với 4 kỹ năng như thế này. Đây là SHOP
Huyền mua các quyển vở như hình bên cạnh.
Đối với bạn nào thích bìa còng, bạn có thể

mua bìa còng và giấy refill riêng như thế này
để ghi chú.
GHI CHÚ TRÊN MÁY

Ngoài việc ghi chú trên giấy, Huyền cũng dùng các nền tảng như
Notion, Canva, và các ứng dụng trong Google Workspace để hệ
thống lại các kiến thức đã học.
LƯU Ý
Cách này hiệu quả với người A
không có nghĩa nó cũng sẽ hiệu quả
với người B.
Chúng ta hãy thử các cách ghi chú,
hệ thống kiến thức khác nhau để tìm
ra cách hiệu quả nhất với bản thân
nhé.
Huyền thích ghi chú kiểu "màu sắc"
một xíu, nhưng nhiều bạn lại thích
ghi chú theo phong cách đơn giản. -
> Không sao cả, không có cách ghi
chú sai hay đúng, mà quan trọng là
nó có phù hợp với mình hay không
mà thôi.
IELTS Writing Task 1
1. Line graph ............................................................................................... 2
2. Pie chart .................................................................................................. 9
3. Table ....................................................................................................... 13
4. Bar chart ................................................................................................. 21
5. Multiple graphs and charts .................................................................. 31
6. Process..................................................................................................... 36
7. Map ......................................................................................................... 43
CÁCH HỌC EBOOK TỔNG HỢP BÀI MẪU
IELTS WRITING TASK 1 SIMON
Huyền tổng hợp các bài mẫu này theo dạng bài: Line graph - Pie chart - Table - Bar chart - Mixed - Process -
Map. Nếu bạn đang cảm thấy mình gặp nhiều vấn đề với dạng nào bạn có thể mở phần mục lục và đi thẳng vào
dạng đó để phân tích nhé.
Cách phân tích bài mẫu IELTS Writing
Bước 1: Bạn có thể phân tích ngay trên chính eBook này hoặc in ra để ghi chú cho tiện.
Bước 2: Đối với những bạn mới, bạn có thể phân tích theo trình tự các dạng Huyền đã sắp xếp trong eBook. Đối
với những bạn đang trong giai đoạn thực hành viết, bạn có thể phân tích bất cứ dạng nào bạn đang thiếu từ
vựng hoặc gặp khó khăn nhất.
Bước 3: Trong quá trình phân tích chúng ta sẽ tập trung vào các điểm sau:
Từ đồng nghĩa để viết Mở bài -> chúng ta sẽ học được lượng từ đồng nghĩa rất lớn sau khi phân tích các bài
mẫu trong eBook này.
Các điểm quan trọng nhất, nổi bật nhất của biểu đồ đó -> phân tích phần Overview sẽ cho chúng ta biết
điều này. Từ đây chúng ta sẽ học được cách nhìn “bigger picture” để chọn ra được những điểm/ xu hướng
quan trọng nhất.
Cách người viết chia Body như thế nào? Họ dựa vào tiêu chí nào để chia Body như vậy?
Cách người viết chọn số liệu ra sao. Có những bài trong đó chứa hàng chục số liệu -> Người viết đã chọn
những số liệu nào? Tại sao họ lại bỏ qua những số liệu còn lại?
Cách người viết so sánh và thể hiện các số liệu đó như thế nào? Họ dùng những từ vựng, cấu trúc nào hay để
mô tả xu hướng, điểm giống/khác nhau, …
Bước 4: Ghi chú lại những gì quan trọng nhất: từ đồng nghĩa, cấu trúc xu hướng/ so sánh/ dự đoán, …
Bước 5: Thực hành viết từng phần dựa trên những gì đã ghi chú được và gửi sửa để học từ các lỗi của chính
mình.
IELTS Nguyễn Huyền

1
093 663 5052 ielts-nguyenhuyen.com tuvan@ielts-nguyenhuyen.com
LINE GRAPH
The graph below shows changes in global

food and oil prices between 2000 and
2011.
Source: ielts-simon.com
The line graph compares the average price of a barrel of oil with the over a period of (n)
food price index over a period of 11 years. years: trong vòng bao
nhiêu năm
It is clear that average global prices of both oil and food rose to rise considerably:
considerably between 2000 and 2011. Furthermore, the trends for tăng mạnh
both commodities were very similar, and so a strong correlation the trends for both A
(93.6%) is suggested. and B were very similar:
xu hướng cho A và B rấ t
In the year 2000, the average global oil price was close to $25 per
giố ng nhau
barrel, and the food price index stood at just under 90 points. Over
to remain relatively
the following four years both prices remained relatively stable,
stable: giữ tương đố i ổn
before rising steadily between 2004 and 2007. By 2007, the average
định
oil price had more than doubled, to nearly $60 per barrel, and food
more than double: tăng
prices had risen by around 50 points.
hơn gấ p đôi
A dramatic increase in both commodity prices was seen from 2007 A dramatic increase in ...
to 2008, with oil prices reaching a peak of approximately $130 per was seen: một sự gia
barrel and the food price index rising to 220 points. However, by the tăng trong ... được ghi
beginning of 2009 the price of oil had dropped by roughly $90, and nhận
the food price index was down by about 80 points. Finally, in 2011, reach a peak of ...: đạt
the average oil price rose once again, to nearly $100 per barrel, while đỉnh điểm/ điểm cao
the food price index reached its peak, at almost 240 points. nhấ t là bao nhiêu

2
LINE GRAPH
The graph below shows the amounts of waste produced by three companies over a period of
15 years.
The line graph compares three companies in terms of their waste

output between the years 2000 and 2015.
in terms of: về ...
over the 15-year period:
It is clear that there were significant changes in the amounts of waste
produced by all three companies shown on the graph. While trong thời gian 15 năm
companies A and B saw waste output fall over the 15-year period, the amount of waste
the amount of waste produced by company C increased produced: lượng chấ t
considerably. thải thải ra
increased considerably:
In 2000, company A produced 12 tonnes of waste, while companies tăng đáng kể
B and C produced around 8 tonnes and 4 tonnes of waste material respectively: lầ n lượt
respectively. Over the following 5 years, the waste output of rise by ...: tăng + số
companies B and C rose by around 2 tonnes, but the figure for chênh lệch
company A fell by approximately 1 tonne. approximately: khoảng,
xấ p xỉ
From 2005 to 2015, company A cut waste production by roughly 3 saw an increase in: thấ y
tonnes, and company B reduced its waste by around 7 tonnes. By sự tăng lên trong
contrast, company C saw an increase in waste production of
the respective amounts
approximately 4 tonnes over the same 10-year period. By 2015,
of waste: lượng chấ t thải
company C’s waste output had risen to 10 tonnes, while the
tương ứng
respective amounts of waste from companies A and B had dropped
to 8 tonnes and only 3 tonnes.

3
LINE GRAPH
The first chart below gives information about the money spent by British parents on
their children’s sports between 2008 and 2014. The second chart shows the number of
children who participated in three sports in Britain over the same time period.
The line graphs show the average monthly amount that parents
take part in = to be involved in
in Britain spent on their children’s sporting activities and the
something: tham gia vào
number of British children who took part in three different
spent an average of ... on ...: đã
sports from 2008 to 2014.
chi trung bình khoảng ... cho ...
It is clear that parents spent more money each year on their increased gradually over the
children’s participation in sports over the six-year period. In following six years: tăng dầ n
terms of the number of children taking part, football was trong sáu năm tiế p theo
significantly more popular than athletics and swimming. enrol = to arrange for yourself
or for somebody else to
In 2008, British parents spent an average of around £20 per officially join a course, school,
month on their children’s sporting activities. Parents’ spending etc.: ghi danh
on children’s sports increased gradually over the following six remained relatively stable: giữ
years, and by 2014 the average monthly amount had risen to just tương đố i ổn định
over £30. participation in = the act of
taking part in an activity or
Looking at participation numbers, in 2008 approximately 8 event: việc tham gia vào ...
million British children played football, while only 2 million double = to become, or make
children were enrolled in swimming clubs and less than 1 million
something become, twice as
practised athletics. The figures for football participation
much or as many: gấ p đôi
remained relatively stable over the following 6 years. By
there was a near fivefold
contrast, participation in swimming almost doubled, to nearly 4
increase in ...: có một sự tăng
million children, and there was a near fivefold increase in the
gầ n như gấ p 5 lầ n trong ...
number of children doing athletics.

4
LINE GRAPH
The graph below shows the average number of UK commuters travelling each day
by car, bus or train between 1970 and 2030.
the most popular means

The line graph compares figures for daily travel by workers in the UK
of transport: phương
using three different forms of transport over a period of 60 years.
tiện giao thông phổ biế n
It is clear that the car is by far the most popular means of transport nhấ t
for UK commuters throughout the period shown. Also, while the throughout the period
numbers of people who use the car and train increase gradually, the shown: trong suố t thời
number of bus users falls steadily. gian được nêu ra
increase gradually: tăng
In 1970, around 5 million UK commuters travelled by car on a daily dầ n
basis, while the bus and train were used by about 4 million and 2 falls steadily: giảm dầ n
million people respectively. In the year 2000, the number of those on a daily basis: hàng
driving to work rose to 7 million and the number of commuting rail ngày
passengers reached 3 million. However, there was a small drop of respectively: lầ n lượt
approximately 0.5 million in the number of bus users. there was a small drop ...
in: có một sự giảm nhẹ ...
By 2030, the number of people who commute by car is expected to trong
reach almost 9 million, and the number of train users is also
is expected to: được dự
predicted to rise, to nearly 5 million. By contrast, buses are
đoán ...
predicted to become a less popular choice, with only 3 million daily
is also predicted to: cũng
users.
được dự đoán ...

5
LINE GRAPH
The graph below shows trends in US meat and poultry consumption.
per capita = for each person: bình

The line graph shows changes in the per capita consumption of
quân đầ u người
beef, pork, broilers and turkey in the United States between
pork = meat from a pig that has
1955 and 2012.
not been cured (= preserved
It is noticeable that beef was by far the most popular of the four using salt or smoke): thịt heo
types of meat for the majority of the 57-year period. However, a broiler = a young chicken suitable
considerable rise can be seen in the consumption of broilers, for broiling or roasting: gà thịt
with figures eventually surpassing those for beef. the majority of ... : phầ n lớn ...
with figures eventually
Between 1955 and 1976, US beef consumption rose from surpassing those for ...: với con số
around 60 to a peak of 90 pounds per person per year. During cuố i cùng vượt qua con số của ...
the same period, consumption of broilers also rose, to nearly 30 during the same period: trong
pounds per person, while the figures for pork fluctuated cùng thời gian đó
between 50 and 40 pounds per person. Turkey was by far the by far = by a great amount: cho
least popular meat, with figures below 10 pounds per capita đế n nay
each year. plummet (v) = to fall suddenly
and quickly from a high level or
By 2012, the amount of beef consumed by the average
position: giảm nhanh/đột ngột
American had plummeted to around 50 pounds, but the
double: gấ p đôi
consumption of broilers had doubled since the 1970s, to
there were no significant changes
approximately 55 pounds per capita. By contrast, there were no
in the trends for ...: không có thay
significant changes in the trends for pork and turkey
đổi đáng kể nào trong xu hướng
consumption over the period as a whole.
cho ...

6
LINE GRAPH
The graph below shows US consumers' average annual expenditures on cell phone and
residential phone services between 2001 and 2010
average yearly spending:

The line graph compares average yearly spending by Americans on
chi tiêu trung bình hàng
mobile and landline phone services from 2001 to 2010.
năm
It is clear that spending on landline phones fell steadily over the 10- The year 2006 marks the
year period, while mobile phone expenditure rose quickly. The year point at which ...: Năm
2006 marks the point at which expenditure on mobile services 2006 đánh dấ u cột mố c
overtook that for residential phone services. tại đó ...
spent an average of ... on
In 2001, US consumers spent an average of nearly $700 on ...: chi trung bình bao
residential phone services, compared to only around $200 on cell nhiêu tiề n cho ...
phone services. Over the following five years, average yearly By contrast: Ngược lại
spending on landlines dropped by nearly $200. By contrast, paid out the same
expenditure on mobiles rose by approximately $300. amount of money on: chi
trả một lượng tiề n tương
In the year 2006, the average American paid out the same amount of tự
money on both types of phone service, spending just over $500 on
fallen to just over half
each. By 2010, expenditure on mobile phones had reached around
this amount: giảm xuố ng
$750, while the figure for spending on residential services had fallen
chỉ hơn một nửa số tiề n
to just over half this amount.
này

7
LINE GRAPH
The graph below shows the proportion of the population aged 65 and over between 1940 and 2040
in three different countries.
The line graph compares the percentage of people aged 65 or more

in three countries over a period of 100 years.
It is clear that the proportion of elderly people increases in each see the most dramatic
country between 1940 and 2040. Japan is expected to see the most changes in ...: thấ y
dramatic changes in its elderly population. những thay đổi lớn nhấ t
trong ...
In 1940, around 9% of Americans were aged 65 or over, compared to asudden increase in:
about 7% of Swedish people and 5% of Japanese people. The một sự gia tăng đột ngột
proportions of elderly people in the USA and Sweden rose gradually trong
over the next 50 years, reaching just under 15% in 1990. By contrast, with a jump of: với mức
the figures for Japan remained below 5% until the early 2000s. tăng là bao nhiêu
respectively = in the
Looking into the future, a sudden increase in the percentage of same order as the people
elderly people is predicted for Japan, with a jump of over 15% in just or things already
10 years from 2030 to 2040. By 2040, it is thought that around 27% mentioned: lầ n lượt
of the Japanese population will be 65 years old or more, while the
figures for Sweden and the USA will be slightly lower, at about 25%
and 23% respectively.

8
PIE CHART
The charts below show the results of a questionnaire that asked visitors to the Parkway
Hotel how they rated the hotel's customer service. The same questionnaire was given to
100 guests in the years 2005 and 2010.
The pie charts compare visitors’ responses to a survey about

customer service at the Parkway Hotel in 2005 and in 2010.
It is clear that overall customer satisfaction increased considerably

from 2005 to 2010. While most hotel guests rated customer service customer satisfaction:
as satisfactory or poor in 2005, a clear majority described the hotel’s sự hài lòng của khách
service as good or excellent in 2010. hàng
majority = the largest
Looking at the positive responses first, in 2005 only 5% of the hotel’s part of a group of people
visitors rated its customer service as excellent, but this figure rose to or things: phầ n lớn
28% in 2010. Furthermore, while only 14% of guests described With regard to negative
customer service in the hotel as good in 2005, almost three times as feedback: Về phản hồ i
many people gave this rating five years later. tiêu cực
a fall in: một sự giảm
With regard to negative feedback, the proportion of guests who trong
considered the hotel’s customer service to be poor fell from 21% in positive responses: phản
2005 to only 12% in 2010. Similarly, the proportion of people who hồ i tích cực
thought customer service was very poor dropped from 15% to only
4% over the 5-year period. Finally, a fall in the number of
‘satisfactory’ ratings in 2010 reflects the fact that more people gave
positive responses to the survey in that year.

9
PIE CHART
The pie charts below compare water usage in San Diego, California and
the rest of the world.
The pie charts give information about the water used for residential, account for = to be a
industrial and agricultural purposes in San Diego County, California, particular amount or
and the world as a whole. part of something: chiế m
...%
It is noticeable that more water is consumed by homes than by residential water
industry or agriculture in the two American regions. By contrast, consumption: lượng
agriculture accounts for the vast majority of water used worldwide.
nước tiêu thụ của khu
dân cư
In San Diego County and California State, residential water
mere = used when you
consumption accounts for 60% and 39% of total water usage. By
want to emphasize how
contrast, a mere 8% of the water used globally goes to homes. The
small, unimportant, etc.
opposite trend can be seen when we look at water consumption for
somebody/something is:
agriculture. This accounts for a massive 69% of global water use, but
only 17% and 28% of water usage in San Diego and California chỉ
respectively. water consumption for
agriculture: lượng nước
Such dramatic differences are not seen when we compare the figures tiêu thụ cho nông nghiệp
for industrial water use. The same proportion of water (23%) is used industrial water use:
by industry in San Diego and worldwide, while the figure for lượng nước sử dụng
California is 10% higher, at 33%. trong công nghiệp

10
PIE CHART
The charts below give information on the ages

of the populations of Yemen and Italy in 2000
and projections for 2050.
fall into something = to be

The pie charts compare the proportions of people falling into able to be divided into
three distinct age groups in Yemen and Italy in two different years. something: chia thành
three distinct age groups:
It is clear that Italy had the older population in the year 2000, and ba nhóm tuổi riêng biệt
that the same is predicted for the year 2050. The populations of age = to become older: già
both countries are expected to age over the fifty-year period. đi
just over half of: chỉ hơn
In the year 2000, just over half of the population of Yemen was
một nửa
aged 14 or under, while most Italians (61.6%) fell into the 15 to 59
a quarter = one of four
age group, and only 14.3% were children under 15 years of age.
equal parts of something:
People aged 60 or over accounted for almost a quarter of the
1/4
Italian population, but only 3.6% of the inhabitants of Yemen.
it is anticipated that: người
By 2050, the proportion of children under 15 is predicted to drop ta dự đoán rằ ng
in both countries, most noticeably in Yemen where the figure is reach a peak of ...: đạt đỉnh
expected to fall by 13.1%. On the other hand, the figures for elderly điểm/ điểm cao nhấ t là bao
people are expected to rise, by 2.1% in Yemen and a massive 18.2% nhiêu
in Italy. Finally, it is anticipated that the 15 to 59 age group will shrink = to become or to
grow by around 10% in Yemen, but shrink by around 15% in Italy. make something smaller in
size or amount: giảm

11
PIE CHART
The three pie charts below show how

the changes in annual spending by a
particular UK schools in 1981, 1991,
and 2001.
expenditure = the act of

The pie charts compare the expenditure of a school in the UK in
spending or using
three different years over a 20-year period.
money; an amount of
It is clear that teachers’ salaries made up the largest proportion of money spent: chi tiêu
the school’s spending in all three years (1981, 1991 and 2001). By made up the largest
contrast, insurance was the smallest cost in each year. proportion of: chiế m tỷ
trọng lớn nhấ t
In 1981, 40% of the school’s budget went on teachers’ salaries. This The proportion of
figure rose to 50% in 1991, but fell again by 5% in 2001. The spending on ...: Tỷ trọng
proportion of spending on other workers’ wages fell steadily over the chi tiêu cho ...
20-year period, from 28% of the budget in 1981 to only 15% in 2001. fluctuate = to change
frequently in size,
amount, quality, etc.,
Expenditure on insurance stood at only 2% of the total in 1981, but especially from one
reached 8% in 2001. Finally, the percentages for resources and extreme to another: dao
furniture/equipment fluctuated. The figure for resources was highest
động
in 1991, at 20%, and the proportion of spending on furniture and
reached its peak: đạt
equipment reached its peak in 2001, at 23%.
mức cao nhấ t

12
TABLE
The table below gives information about the problems faced by children in two primary
schools in 2005 and 2015.
The table compares two primary schools in terms of the proportions

in terms of something =
of their pupils who experienced seven different educational
used to show what
problems in the years 2005 and 2015.
aspect of a subject you
are talking about or how
It is noticeable that school A had higher proportions of children with
you are thinking about it:
all seven educational difficulties in both years. However, while
school A managed to reduce the incidence of most of the problems về mặt
between 2005 and 2015, school B saw an overall rise in the educational problems:
percentage of children who were struggling. vấ n đề giáo dục
saw an overall rise: nhìn
In 2005, 42% of school A’s pupils found it difficult to follow thấ y sự gia tăng tổng thể
instructions, whereas only 6% of pupils in school B experienced this found it difficult to: gặp
problem. Similarly, between 30 and 40 per cent of children attending khó khăn
school A had problems in the areas of spelling, listening, verbal the equivalent figures:
expression and concentration in lessons, while the equivalent figures những con số tương
for school B stood at between 5 and 15 per cent. đương
pronounced = very
In 2015, the difference between the two schools was less obvious, easy to notice
pronounced. Notably, the proportion of children who struggled to or strongly expressed: rõ
follow instructions fell by 24% in school A, and this school also saw
rệt
falls of 22%, 15%, 14% and 5% in the figures for children who had
struggled with: gặp khó
problems with concentration, listening, verbal expression and
khăn
spelling. In school B, however, the proportion of children who
there was almost no
struggled with spelling and following instructions doubled, to 10%
change in: hầ u như
and 12% respectively, and there was almost no change in the
không có sự thay đổi về
incidence of listening, verbal or concentration problems.

13
TABLE
The tables below give information

about sales of Fairtrade*-labelled
coffee and bananas in 1999 and
2004 in five European countries.
The tables show the amount of money spent on Fairtrade coffee and
bananas in two separate years in the UK, Switzerland, Denmark,
Belgium and Sweden. sale = the number of
items sold: doanh số
It is clear that sales of Fairtrade coffee rose in all five European the highest levels of
countries from 1999 to 2004, but sales of Fairtrade bananas only spending: mức chi tiêu
went up in three out of the five countries. Overall, the UK saw by far cao nhấ t cho
the highest levels of spending on the two products. revenue = the money
that a government
In 1999, Switzerland had the highest sales of Fairtrade coffee, at €3
receives from taxes or
million, while revenue from Fairtrade bananas was highest in the UK,
that an organization, etc.
at €15 million. By 2004, however, sales of Fairtrade coffee in the UK
receives from its
had risen to €20 million, and this was over three times higher than
business: doanh thu
Switzerland’s sales figure for Fairtrade coffee in that year. The year
three times higher than:
2004 also saw dramatic increases in the money spent on Fairtrade
bananas in the UK and Switzerland, with revenues rising by €32 cao gấ p ba lầ n so với
million and €4.5 million respectively. saw dramatic increases
in: chứng kiế n sự gia tăng
Sales of the two Fairtrade products were far lower in Denmark, đáng kể trong
Belgium and Sweden. Small increases in sales of Fairtrade coffee can it is noticeable that: điề u
be seen, but revenue remained at €2 million or below in all three đáng chú ý là
countries in both years. Finally, it is noticeable that the money spent
on Fairtrade bananas actually fell in Belgium and Sweden.

14
TABLE
The table below shows the amount of waste production (in millions of tonnes) in six different
countries over a twenty-year period.
The chart compares the amounts of waste that were produced in six
countries in the years 1980, 1990 and 2000.
In each of these years, the US produced more waste than Ireland, combined = (of two or
Japan, Korea, Poland and Portugal combined. It is also noticeable more things) put, added
that Korea was the only country that managed to reduce its waste or joined together: cộng
output by the year 2000. lại
waste output: lượng rác
Between 1980 and 2000, waste production in the US rose from 131 thải
to 192 million tonnes, and rising trends were also seen in Japan, saw waste totals
Poland and Portugal. Japan’s waste output increased from 28 to 53 increase: thấ y tổng
million tonnes, while Poland and Portugal saw waste totals increase lượng chấ t thải tăng lên
from 4 to 6.6 and from 2 to 5 million tonnes respectively. increased more than
eightfold: tăng hơn tám
The trends for Ireland and Korea were noticeably different from lầ n
those described above. In Ireland, waste production increased more by contrast: ngược lại
than eightfold, from only 0.6 million tonnes in 1980 to 5 million
tonnes in 2000. Korea, by contrast, cut its waste output by 12 million
tonnes between 1990 and 2000.

15
TABLE
The table below shows changes in the numbers of residents cycling to work in
different areas of the UK between 2001 and 2011.
cycled to work: đạp xe đi

The table compares the numbers of people who cycled to work in
làm
twelve areas of the UK in the years 2001 and 2011.
travelled to work by
Overall, the number of UK commuters who travelled to work by bicycle: đi làm bằ ng xe
bicycle rose considerably over the 10-year period. Inner London had đạp
by far the highest number of cycling commuters in both years. cycling commuters:
người đi xe đạp đi làm
In 2001, well over 43 thousand residents of inner London commuted resident = a person who
by bicycle, and this figure rose to more than 106 thousand in 2011, lives in a particular place
an increase of 144%. By contrast, although outer London had the or who has their home
second highest number of cycling commuters in each year, the there: cư dân
percentage change, at only 45%, was the lowest of the twelve areas commuted by bicycle: đi
shown in the table. lại bằ ng xe đạp
Brighton and Hove saw the second biggest increase (109%) in the used to show what
number of residents cycling to work, but Bristol was the UK’s second aspect of a subject you
city in terms of total numbers of cycling commuters, with 8,108 in
2001 and 15,768 in 2011. Figures for the other eight areas were below
you are thinking about it:
the 10 thousand mark in both years.
về mặt

16
TABLE
The table below shows the percentage of mobile phones owners using various mobile features.
function = a special
The table compares the percentages of people using different activity or purpose of a
functions of their mobile phones between 2006 and 2010. person or thing: chức
năng
Throughout the period shown, the main reason why people used there was a marked
their mobile phones was to make calls. However, there was a marked increase in: có sự gia
increase in the popularity of other mobile phone features, tăng rõ rệt
particularly the Internet search feature.
there were no figures
for: không có số liệu nào
In 2006, 100% of mobile phone owners used their phones to make
cho
calls, while the next most popular functions were text messaging
Over the following 4
(73%) and taking photos (66%). By contrast, less than 20% of owners
years: Trong 4 năm tiế p
played games or music on their phones, and there were no figures
theo
for users doing Internet searches or recording video.
there was relatively little
Over the following 4 years, there was relatively little change in the change in: có tương đố i ít
figures for the top three mobile phone features. However, the thay đổi trong
percentage of people using their phones to access the Internet jump = to rise suddenly
jumped to 41% in 2008 and then to 73% in 2010. There was also a by a large amount: tăng
significant rise in the use of mobiles to play games and to record There was also a
video, with figures reaching 41% and 35% respectively in 2010. significant rise in: Cũng
có sự gia tăng đáng kể về

17
TABLE
The table below gives information on consumer spending on different items in five
different countries in 2002.
Percentage of national consumer expenditure by category – 2002
The table shows percentages of consumer expenditure for three

consumer expenditure:
categories of products and services in five countries in 2002.
chi tiêu của người tiêu
It is clear that the largest proportion of consumer spending in each dùng
country went on food, drinks and tobacco. On the other hand, the category = a group of
leisure/education category has the lowest percentages in the table. people or things with
particular features in
Out of the five countries, consumer spending on food, drinks and common: khoản mục
tobacco was noticeably higher in Turkey, at 32.14%, and Ireland, at Out of the five countries:
nearly 29%. The proportion of spending on leisure and education Trong số năm quố c gia
was also highest in Turkey, at 4.35%, while expenditure on clothing The proportion of
and footwear was significantly higher in Italy, at 9%, than in any of spending on ...: Tỷ trọng
the other countries. chi tiêu cho ...
expenditure on ... = the
It can be seen that Sweden had the lowest percentages of national act of spending or using
consumer expenditure for food/drinks/tobacco and for money; an amount of
clothing/footwear, at nearly 16% and just over 5% respectively. Spain
money spent: chi tiêu
had slightly higher figures for these categories, but the lowest figure
cho ...
for leisure/education, at only 1.98%.

18
TABLE
The table below shows the proportion of different categories of families living in poverty in
Australia in 1999.
The table gives information about poverty rates among six types of
household in Australia in the year 1999.
It is noticeable that levels of poverty were higher for single people poverty rates: tỷ lệ người
than for couples, and people with children were more likely to be nghèo
poor than those without. Poverty rates were considerably lower elderly people: người
among elderly people. cao tuổi
living in poverty: số ng
Overall, 11% of Australians, or 1,837,000 people, were living in trong nghèo đói
poverty in 1999. Aged people were the least likely to be poor, with one fifth: 1/5
poverty levels of 6% and 4% for single aged people and aged couples to be classed as ...: được
respectively. xế p vào loại ...
The same pattern can be
Just over one fifth of single parents were living in poverty, whereas seen ...: Điề u tương tự
only 12% of parents living with a partner were classed as poor. The cũng có thể thấ y ...
same pattern can be seen for people with no children: while 19% of
single people in this group were living below the poverty line, the
figure for couples was much lower, at only 7%.

19
TABLE
The table below gives information about the underground railway systems in six cities.
The table shows data about the underground rail networks in six
used to show what
major cities.
The table compares the six networks in terms of their age, size and
the number of people who use them each year. It is clear that the you are thinking about it:
three oldest underground systems are larger and serve significantly về mặt, về vấ n đề gì
more passengers than the newer systems. serve significantly more
passengers than: phục
The London underground is the oldest system, having opened in vụ nhiề u hành khách hơn
1863. It is also the largest system, with 394 kilometres of route. The đáng kể so với
second largest system, in Paris, is only about half the size of the with 394 kilometres of
London underground, with 199 kilometres of route. However, it route: với 394 km lộ trình
serves more people per year. While only third in terms of size, the half the size of ...: một
Tokyo system is easily the most used, with 1,927 million passengers nửa kích thước của ...
per year. is easily the most used:
được sử dụng nhiề u nhấ t
Of the three newer networks, the Washington DC underground is the Of the three newer
most extensive, with 126 kilometres of route, compared to only 11
networks: Trong số ba
kilometres and 28 kilometres for the Kyoto and Los Angeles systems.
mạng mới hơn
The Los Angeles network is the newest, having opened in 2001, while
extensive = covering a
the Kyoto network is the smallest and serves only 45 million
large area; great in
passengers per year.
amount: rộng

20
BAR CHART
The chart below shows the amount of

time that 10 to 15-year-olds spend
chatting on the Internet and playing
on games consoles on an average
school day in the UK.
The bar chart compares the time spent by 10 to 15-year-olds in marginally = very slightly; not
the UK on two activities, namely chatting online and playing very much: một chút
computer games. completely different trends
can be seen if we look at:
Overall, we can see that playing computer games is marginally những xu hướng hoàn toàn
more popular than chatting on the Internet. However, khác nhau có thể được nhìn
completely different trends can be seen if we look at the thấ y nế u chúng ta nhìn vào
specific figures for boys and girls. Boys aged between 10 and 15:
Bé trai từ 10 đế n 15 tuổi
Boys aged between 10 and 15 clearly favour playing on games
favour ... over: thích ... hơn
consoles over chatting online. According to the chart, while
the majority of: đa số
85% of boys play computer games every day, only 55% chat
By contrast: Ngược lại
online daily. Furthermore, the majority of boys play on their
prefer = to like one thing or
consoles for more than one hour each day, and 10% do this
person better than another; to
activity for four hours or more.
choose one thing rather than
By contrast, girls prefer chatting online. Close to 70% of 10 to something else because you
15-year-old girls engage in online conversation each day, like it better: thích
compared to about 50% of this cohort who play computer close to: gầ n
games. Of the girls who do play on consoles, most of them play engage in = to take part in
for less than an hour, whereas most girls who chat online do so something; to make somebody
for more than one hour, and nearly 10% chat for four hours or take part in something: tham
more. gia vào

21
BAR CHART
The chart below shows the total number of minutes (in billions) of telephone calls in the UK,
divided into three categories, from 1995-2002.
The bar chart compares the amount of time spent by people in the in terms of something =
UK on three different types of phone call between 1995 and 2002. used to show what aspect
of a subject you are talking
It is clear that calls made via local, fixed lines were the most about or how you are
popular type, in terms of overall usage, throughout the period thinking about it: về ...
shown. The lowest figures on the chart are for mobile calls, but this throughout the period
category also saw the most dramatic increase in user minutes.
shown: trong suố t thời
gian hiển thị
In 1995, people in the UK used fixed lines for a total of just over 70
saw the most dramatic
billion minutes for local calls, and about half of that amount of time
increase in: chứng kiế n ...
for national or international calls. By contrast, mobile phones were
tăng đáng kể nhấ t.
only used for around 4 billion minutes. Over the following four
Bycontrast: Ngược lại
years, the figures for all three types of phone call increased
steadily. Over the following four
years: Trong bố n năm tiế p
By 1999, the amount of time spent on local calls using landlines theo
had reached a peak at 90 billion minutes. Subsequently, the figure reached a peak: đạt mức
for this category fell, but the rise in the other two types of phone cao nhấ t
call continued. In 2002, the number of minutes of national / pass = (of an amount) to
international landline calls passed 60 billion, while the figure for become greater than a
mobiles rose to around 45 billion minutes. particular total: vượt

22
BAR CHART
The charts below compare the age structure of the population of France and India in 1984.
The two charts compare the populations of France and India in terms of
age distribution by gender in the year 1984.
age distribution by
It is clear that the population of India was younger than that of France in gender: phân bố độ
1984, with a noticeably larger proportion of people aged under 20. France, tuổi theo giới tính
on the other hand, had a significantly larger percentage of elderly elderly inhabitants:
inhabitants.
cư dân lớn tuổi
more evenly
In India, close to 14% of people were aged 5 or under, and each five-year
distributed: phân
age bracket above this contained an increasingly smaller proportion of the
bổ đồ ng đề u hơn
population. France’s population, by contrast, was more evenly distributed
Looking more
across the age ranges, with similar figures (around 7% to 8% of all people)
closely at: Nhìn kỹ
for each five-year cohort between the ages of 0 and 40. Somewhere
between 10% and 15% of all French people were aged 70 or older, but the hơn vào ...
equivalent figure for India was only 2%. cohort = a group of
people who share a
Looking more closely at gender, there was a noticeably higher proportion common feature or
of French women than men in every cohort from age 50 upwards. For aspect of
example, almost 3% of French 70- to 75-year-olds were women, while just behaviour: nhóm
under 2% were men. No significant gender differences can be seen on the
Indian population chart.

23
BAR CHART
The bar graph shows the global sales (in billions of dollars) of different types of digital games
between 2000 and 2006.
The bar chart compares the turnover in dollars from sales of video
games for four different platforms, namely mobile phones, online,
consoles and handheld devices, from 2000 to 2006.
console = a small
It is clear that sales of games for three out of the four platforms rose electronic device for
each year, leading to a significant rise in total global turnover over playing video games:
the 7-year period. Sales figures for handheld games were at least máy chơi trò chơi điện tử
twice as high as those for any other platform in almost every year. sales figures: doanh số
bán hàng
In 2000, worldwide sales of handheld games stood at around $11 handheld games: trò
billion, while console games earned just under $6 billion. No figures chơi cầ m tay
are given for mobile or online games in that year. Over the next 3 No figures are given for
years, sales of handheld video games rose by about $4 billion, but ...: Không có số liệu nào
the figure for consoles decreased by $2 billion. Mobile phone and được đưa ra cho ...
online games started to become popular, with sales reaching around dropped to its lowest
$3 billion in 2003. point: giảm xuố ng điểm
thấ p nhấ t
In 2006, sales of handheld, online and mobile games reached peaks
of 17, 9 and 7 billion dollars respectively. By contrast, turnover from
console games dropped to its lowest point, at around $2.5 billion.

24
BAR CHART
The chart below shows the total number of Olympic medals won by twelve different countries.
used to show what
The bar chart compares twelve countries in terms of the overall
number of medals that they have won at the Olympic Games.
It is clear that the USA is by far the most successful Olympic medal you are thinking about it:
winning nation. It is also noticeable that the figures for gold, silver về ...
and bronze medals won by any particular country tend to be fairly medal = a flat piece of
similar. metal, usually like a coin
in shape, that is given to
The USA has won a total of around 2,300 Olympic medals, including the winner of a
approximately 900 gold medals, 750 silver and 650 bronze. In competition or to
second place on the all-time medals chart is the Soviet Union, with somebody who has been
just over 1,000 medals. Again, the number of gold medals won by brave, for example in
this country is slightly higher than the number of silver or bronze war: huy chương
medals. by far = by a great
amount: hơn hẳn
Only four other countries - the UK, France, Germany and Italy - have fairly similar: khá giố ng
won more than 500 Olympic medals, all with similar proportions of
nhau
each medal colour. Apart from the USA and the Soviet Union, China
In second place: Ở vị trí
is the only other country with a noticeably higher proportion of gold
thứ hai
medals (about 200) compared to silver and bronze (about 100 each).
apart from = in addition
to; as well as: ngoài ... ra

25
BAR CHART
The chart below shows numbers of incidents and injuries per 100 million passenger miles
travelled (PMT) by transportation type in 2002.
The bar chart compares the number of incidents and injuries for
incident = something
every 100 million passenger miles travelled on five different types of
that happens, especially
public transport in 2002.
something unusual or
It is clear that the most incidents and injuries took place on demand- unpleasant: sự cố
response vehicles. By contrast, commuter rail services recorded by injury = harm done to a
far the lowest figures. person’s or an animal’s
body, for example in an
A total of 225 incidents and 173 injuries, per 100 million passenger accident: thương tích
miles travelled, took place on demand-response transport services. take place = to happen,
These figures were nearly three times as high as those for the second especially after
highest category, bus services. There were 76 incidents and 66 previously being
people were injured on buses. arranged or planned: xảy
ra
Rail services experienced fewer problems. The number of incidents equal = to be the same in
on light rail trains equalled the figure recorded for buses, but there size, quantity, value, etc.
were significantly fewer injuries, at only 39. Heavy rail services saw
as something else: ngang
lower numbers of such events than light rail services, but commuter
bằ ng
rail passengers were even less likely to experience problems. In fact,
occur = to happen: xảy ra
only 20 incidents and 17 injuries occurred on commuter trains.

26
BAR GRAPH
The charts below show the levels of participation in education and science in developing and
industrialised countries in 1980 and 1990.
The three bar charts show average years of schooling, numbers of

scientists and technicians, and research and development spending in
average years of
developing and developed countries. Figures are given for 1980 and
schooling: số năm đi
1990.
học trung bình
It is clear from the charts that the figures for developed countries are show an overall
much higher than those for developing nations. Also, the charts show an increase in: cho thấ y
overall increase in participation in education and science from 1980 to sự gia tăng tổng thể
1990. attend school: đi
học
People in developing nations attended school for an average of around 3 double = to become,
years, with only a slight increase in years of schooling from 1980 to 1990. or make something
On the other hand, the figure for industrialised countries rose from become, twice as
nearly 9 years of schooling in 1980 to nearly 11 years in 1990. much or as many:
gấ p đôi
From 1980 to 1990, the number of scientists and technicians in spending on ...: Chi
industrialised countries almost doubled to about 70 per 1000 people. tiêu vào ...
Spending on research and development also saw rapid growth in these
see rapid growth:
countries, reaching $350 billion in 1990. By contrast, the number of
chứng kiế n sự tăng
science workers in developing countries remained below 20 per 1000
trưởng nhanh chóng
people, and research spending fell from about $50 billion to only $25
billion.

27
BAR CHART
The chart below shows information about changes in average house prices in five different
cities between 1990 and 2002 compared with the average house prices in 1989.
Percentage change in average house prices in five different cities

1990 – 2002 compared with 1989
The bar chart compares the cost of an average house in five major house prices: giá nhà
cities over a period of 13 years from 1989. experienced by far the
greatest changes in ...:
We can see that house prices fell overall between 1990 and 1995, trải qua những thay đổi
but most of the cities saw rising prices between 1996 and 2002. lớn nhấ t trong ...
London experienced by far the greatest changes in house prices the cost of average
over the 13-year period.
homes: chi phí của
những ngôi nhà trung
Over the 5 years after 1989, the cost of average homes in Tokyo and
bình
London dropped by around 7%, while New York house prices went
jump = to rise suddenly
down by 5%. By contrast, prices rose by approximately 2% in both
by a large amount: tăng
Madrid and Frankfurt.
homebuyer = a person
Between 1996 and 2002, London house prices jumped to around who buys a house, flat,
12% above the 1989 average. Homebuyers in New York also had to etc.: người mua nhà
pay significantly more, with prices rising to 5% above the 1989 pay significantly more:
average, but homes in Tokyo remained cheaper than they were in trả nhiề u hơn đáng kể
1989. The cost of an average home in Madrid rose by a further 2%, remain stable: giữ ổn
while prices in Frankfurt remained stable. định

28
BAR GRAPH
The chart below shows figures for attendances at hospital emergency care departments in Northern
Ireland by age group in December 2016 and December 2017.
Attendances at emergency care departments per 1000-population
The bar chart compares the number of visits made by people in six
age categories to hospital emergency wards in Northern Ireland in
the December of 2016 and 2017.
hospital emergency
wards: các khu cấ p cứu
It is clear that elderly people and the youngest children were the
most frequent visitors to A&E (accident and emergency) của bệnh viện
departments. Also, there was a slight increase in the rate of frequent visitors: những
emergency care attendances among all six age groups from người thường xuyên đế n
December 2016 to December 2017. bệnh viện
there was a slight
Looking first at the older age groups, roughly 65 out of every 1000 increase in ...: có sự gia
people aged 75 and over attended A&E wards in December 2016, and tăng nhẹ trong ...
this rose to almost 70 attendances per 1000-population one year attendance = the
later. Interestingly, those aged 65 to 74 were less than half as likely to number of people
require emergency treatment, with around 30 attendances per present at an organized
1000-population in both months. event: người tới khám
rose marginally: tăng
At the other end of the age scale, the figures for A&E visits by under- nhẹ
5s rose marginally from around 50 to approximately 52 per 1000-
made the fewest visits:
population over the one-year period. Children aged 5 to 15 made the
đế n thăm khám ít nhấ t
fewest visits, at just over 20 per 1000-population in both months.
Finally, there was almost no difference in the figures for emergency
care attendances among people aged 16 to 44, 45 to 64 and 65 to 74.

29
BAR CHART
The chart below compares levels of recycling, as well as some less environmentally friendly forms of
waste management, in fifteen European countries.
recycle = to treat things

The bar chart shows the percentage of waste that is recycled, put that have already been
into landfill or incinerated in various EU countries. used so that they can be
used again: tái chế
If we look at the fifteen EU countries as a whole, it is clear that more put into landfill: đưa vào
waste goes to landfill sites than to any other refuse management bãi chôn lấ p
facility. In fact, while around half of the countries put the majority of incinerate = to burn
their waste into landfill sites, only two countries recycle at least 50% something, especially
of the waste that they produce.
waste material, until it is
completely destroyed:
Austria and Belgium are the most environmentally friendly of the
đố t
fifteen countries, recycling around 60% and 50% of their waste
goes to landfill sites:
respectively. Germany, Sweden and Belgium also appear to have
được chuyển đế n các bãi
effective recycling programmes, resulting in roughly 40% of waste
chôn lấ p
being processed in this way in each country.
refuse management
Other EU countries recycle far less. Greece, Ireland and the UK, for facility: cơ sở quản lý rác
example, only recycle around 10% of refuse, and put between 80 and thải
90 per cent of their waste into landfill. Finally, while most non- environmentally
recycled waste in the EU area goes to landfill, four countries, namely friendly: thân thiện với
Luxembourg, Sweden, the Netherlands and Denmark, incinerate môi trường
more waste than they bury. non-recycled waste:
chấ t thải không tái chế

30
MULTIPLE GRAPHS AND CHARTS
The chart below shows the results of a survey of people who visited four types of tourist attraction
in Britain in the year 1999.
The pie chart compares figures for visitors to four categories of

tourist attraction and to five different theme parks in Britain in
1999.
tourist attraction: địa
It is clear that theme parks and museums/ galleries were the two điểm du lịch
most popular types of tourist attraction in that year. Blackpool theme park: công viên
Pleasure Beach received by far the highest proportion of visitors in giải trí
the theme park sector. the trends for both A
and B were very similar:
Looking at the information in more detail, we can see that 38% of xu hướng cho A và B rấ t
the surveyed visitors went to a theme park, and 37% of them went to giố ng nhau
a museum or gallery. By contrast, historic houses and monuments Looking at the
were visited by only 16% of the sample, while wildlife parks and zoos information in more
were the least popular of the four types of tourist attraction, with detail: Nhìn vào thông tin
only 9% of visitors. chi tiế t hơn
the least popular: ít phổ
In the theme park sector, almost half of the people surveyed (47%) biế n nhấ t
had been to Blackpool Pleasure Beach. Alton Towers was the second
the second most
most popular amusement park, with 17% of the sample, followed by
popular: phổ biế n thứ hai
Pleasureland in Southport, with 16%. Finally, Chessington World of
Adventures and Legoland Windsor had each welcomed 10% of the
surveyed visitors.

31
The bar chart below shows the proportions of English men and women of different ages who
were living alone in 2011. The pie chart compares the numbers of bedrooms in these one-
person households.
The two charts give information about single-occupant households

in England in the year 2011. The bar chart compares figures for
occupants' age and gender, and the pie chart shows data about the
single-occupant
number of bedrooms in these homes.
households: hộ gia đình
Overall, females made up a higher proportion of people living alone chỉ có 1 người sinh số ng
than males, and this difference is particularly noticeable in the older make up ... % = to form
age categories. We can also see that the most common number of something: chiế m ...%
bedrooms in a single-occupant home was two. single occupants: người
độc thân
A significant majority of the people aged 65 or over who were living account for ... % = to be a
alone in England in 2011 were female. Women made up around 72% particular amount or
of single occupants aged 75 to 84, and 76% of those aged 85 or over. part of something: chiế m
By contrast, among younger adults the figures for males were higher. ...%
For example, in the 35-49 age category, men accounted for nearly people living alone:
65% of people living alone. người số ng một mình
one-person households:
In the same year, 35.4% of one-person households in England had
hộ gia đình một người
two bedrooms, while one-bedroom and three-bedroom homes
accounted for 28% and 29.8% of the total. Under 7% of single-
occupant homes had four or more bedrooms.

32
The climograph below shows average monthly temperatures and rainfall in the city of Kolkata.
The chart compares average figures for temperature and

precipitation = rain,
precipitation over the course of a calendar year in Kolkata.
snow, etc. that falls; the
amount of this that falls:
It is noticeable that monthly figures for precipitation in Kolkata vary
considerably, whereas monthly temperatures remain relatively lượng mưa
stable. Rainfall is highest from July to August, while temperatures to remain relatively
are highest in April and May. stable: giữ tương đố i ổn
định
Between the months of January and May, average temperatures in rise from their lowest
Kolkata rise from their lowest point at around 20°C to a peak of just point at around 20°C to
over 30°C. Average rainfall in the city also rises over the same a peak of: tăng từ điểm
period, from approximately 20mm of rain in January to 100mm in thấ p nhấ t ở khoảng 20°C
May. lên đế n đỉnh điểm
stay roughly the same:
While temperatures stay roughly the same for the next four months, gầ n như giố ng nhau
the amount of rainfall more than doubles between May and June. peaking at: đạt đế n đỉnh
Figures for precipitation remain above 250mm from June to điểm
September, peaking at around 330mm in July. The final three
see a dramatic fallin:
months of the year see a dramatic fall in precipitation, to a low of
chứng kiế n sự sụt giảm
about 10mm in December, and a steady drop in temperatures back
đáng kể
to the January average.

33
The graph and table below give information about water use worldwide and water consumption in
two different countries.
The charts compare the amount of water used for agriculture,

rose significantly: tăng
industry and homes around the world, and water use in Brazil and
đáng kể
the Democratic Republic of Congo.
accounted for the
It is clear that global water needs rose significantly between 1900 largest proportion of:
and 2000, and that agriculture accounted for the largest proportion chiế m tỷ trọng lớn nhấ t
of water used. We can also see that water consumption was trong ...
considerably higher in Brazil than in the Congo. water consumption: sự
tiêu thụ nước
In 1900, around 500km³ of water was used by the agriculture sector one fifth: 1/5
worldwide. The figures for industrial and domestic water respectively = in the
consumption stood at around one fifth of that amount. By 2000, same order as the people
global water use for agriculture had increased to around 3000km³, or things already
industrial water use had risen to just under half that amount, and mentioned: lầ n lượt
domestic consumption had reached approximately 500km³. this could be explained
by the fact that: điề u này
In the year 2000, the populations of Brazil and the Congo were 176 có thể được giải thích bởi
million and 5.2 million respectively. Water consumption per person
thực tế là
in Brazil, at 359m³, was much higher than that in the Congo, at only
irrigated land: đấ t được
8m³, and this could be explained by the fact that Brazil had 265
tưới tiêu
times more irrigated land.

34
The charts below show reasons for travel and the main issues for the travelling public in the US in
2009.
The bar chart and pie chart give information about why US residents
travelled and what travel problems they experienced in the year
2009.
with regard to: liên quan

It is clear that the principal reason why Americans travelled in 2009
was to commute to and from work. In the same year, the primary đế n
concern of Americans, with regard to the trips they made, was the accounted for the
cost of travelling. remaining: chiế m phầ n
còn lại.
Looking more closely at the bar chart, we can see that 49% of the According to ...: Dựa
trips made by Americans in 2009 were for the purpose of theo ...
commuting. By contrast, only 6% of trips were visits to friends or the key consideration:
relatives, and one in ten trips were for social or recreation reasons. sự cân nhắ c quan trọng
Shopping was cited as the reason for 16% of all travel, while aggressive driving: lái xe
unspecific ‘personal reasons’ accounted for the remaining 19%. quá khích, cẩu thả
highway congestion: tắ c
According to the pie chart, price was the key consideration for 36% nghẽ n đường cao tố c
of American travellers. Almost one in five people cited safety as their access to ... : tiế p cận với
foremost travel concern, while aggressive driving and highway
...
congestion were the main issues for 17% and 14% of the travelling
public. Finally, a total of 14% of those surveyed thought that access
to public transport or space for pedestrians were the most important
travel issues.

35
PROCESS
The diagram below shows the life

cycle of a salmon, from egg to
adult fish.
The diagram illustrates the stages in the life of the from birth to maturity: từ khi sinh ra
salmon, from birth to maturity. đế n khi trưởng thành
estuary = the wide part of a river where
It is clear that there are six main stages as the salmon it flows into the sea: cửa sông
develops from egg to mature adult. We can also see that upstream = along a river, in the
salmon spend time in three distinct locations during the opposite direction to the way in which
cycle, moving from river to estuary to ocean and then the water flows: ngược dòng
back upstream.
incubate = (of a bird) to sit on its eggs
in order to keep them warm until they
Salmon begin their lives in rivers where the adult fish lay
hatch: ấ p trứng
and incubate their eggs. After emerging from eggs, the
being reared: được nuôi dưỡng
young salmon spend the next stage of their lives being
downstream = in the direction in which
reared in freshwater areas. Then, at some point in their
a river flows: xuôi dòng
development, the fish swim downstream to river
estuaries where rearing continues. migrate = (of birds, animals, etc.) to
move from one part of the world to
Following the estuary rearing period, the maturing another according to the season: di cư
salmon migrate to the ocean, where they eventually spawning areas: khu vực sinh sản
become fully grown adults. Finally, the adult fish travel anew = if somebody does something
back upstream to spawning areas of rivers; here they anew, they do it again from the
reproduce and lay their eggs, and the life cycle begins beginning or do it in a different way:
anew. lại/một lầ n nữa

36
PROCESS
The diagram shows the life cycle of a honey bee.
lays an egg: đẻ trứng

hatch = (of a young bird, fish,
The diagram illustrates the various stages in the life of a honey
insect, etc.) to come out of an
bee.
egg: nở
We can see that the complete life cycle lasts between 34 and 36 immature = behaving in a way
days. It is also noticeable that there are five main stages in the that is not sensible and is
development of the honey bee, from egg to mature adult insect. typical of people who are
much younger: chưa trưởng
The life cycle of the honey bee begins when the female adult thành
lays an egg; the female typically lays one or two eggs every 3 grows in size: phát triển về
days. Between 9 and 10 days later, each egg hatches and the kích thước
immature insect, or nymph, appears. sheds its skin: lột da
moult = (of a bird or an
During the third stage of the life cycle, the nymph grows in size animal) to lose feathers or
and sheds its skin three times. This moulting first takes place 5 hair before new feathers or
days after the egg hatches, then 7 days later, and again another hair grow: lột xác
9 days later. After a total of 30 to 31 days from the start of the
emerge = to start to exist; to
cycle, the young adult honey bee emerges from its final
appear or become known:
moulting stage, and in the space of only 4 days it reaches full
xuấ t hiện
maturity.
reaches full maturity: đạt đế n
độ trưởng thành hoàn toàn

37
PROCESS
Life cycle of the silkworm
Mulberry leaf 10 days The diagrams below show the life cycle of the
(food) silkworm
larva
silkworm and the stages in the production of silk
4-6 weeks
cloth.
silk thread
larva
eggs
cocoon
moth
3-6 days 16 days
Production of silk cloth

Select
Boil water
300-900m
Unwind
thread
Twist
dye
Weave Source: ielts-simon.com
silkworm cocoon: kén tằ m

The diagrams illustrate the stages in the life of a silkworm
hatch = (of a young bird, fish,
and the process of producing silk cloth.
insect, etc.) to come out of an
There are four main stages in the life cycle of the silkworm, egg: nở
from eggs to adult moth. The process of silk cloth production feed on ... = (of an animal) to eat
involves six steps, from silkworm cocoon to silk material. something: ăn ...
become covered in ...: được bao
At the first stage in the life cycle of a silkworm, the moth lays phủ bởi ...
its eggs. Around ten days later, silkworm larvae hatch from ittakes between three and eight
the eggs; these larvae feed on mulberry leaves. Then, after days for a full cocoon to be
four to six weeks, the larvae become covered in silk thread, produced: phải mấ t từ ba đế n
and it takes between three and eight days for a full cocoon tám ngày để tạo ra một cái kén
to be produced. đầ y đủ
is boiled in water: được đun sôi
For silk cloth production, a cocoon is first selected and then trong nước
boiled in water. After boiling, the silk thread that makes up is unwound: được tháo ra (thành
the cocoon is unwound, and then several strands of thread
sợi)
are twisted together. At the fifth and sixth stages in the
are twisted together: được đan
process, the thread can either be dyed and then woven into
lại với nhau
silk fabric, or it can be woven first and then dyed
be dyed: được nhuộm
subsequently.
be woven: được dệt

38
PROCESS
The chart below shows the process of waste paper recycling.
is collected: được thu

The flow chart shows how waste paper is recycled.
nhặt
sorted by hand: được
It is clear that there are six distinct stages in this process, from the
initial collection of waste paper to the eventual production of usable phân loại bằ ng tay
paper. separated according to
...: được phân loại theo ...
At the first stage in the paper recycling process, waste paper is be removed = to take
collected either from paper banks, where members of the public somebody/something
leave their used paper, or directly from businesses. This paper is away from a place: bị loại
then sorted by hand and separated according to its grade, with any bỏ
paper that is not suitable for recycling being removed. Next, the is cleaned: được làm
graded paper is transported to a paper mill. sạch
is pulped = to press hard
Stages four and five of the process both involve cleaning. The paper on or beat something so
is cleaned and pulped, and foreign objects such as staples are taken that it becomes soft and
out. Following this, all remnants of ink and glue are removed from wet: được nghiề n thành
the paper at the de-inking stage. Finally, the pulp can be processed in
bột
a paper making machine, which makes the end product: usable
are taken out: bị loại bỏ
paper.

39
PROCESS
The diagram below shows how coffee is

produced and prepared for sale in
supermarkets and shops.
pick the coffee beans dry them roast the beans
cool them rapidly grind them mix with hot water strain the mixture
freeze the mixture grind the frozen liquid dry it in a vacuum
pack into jars Source: ielts-simon.com

The picture illustrates the process of coffee

manufacture and preparation for sale on the market.
be picked: được hái
be dried = with all the liquid removed in
It is clear that there are 11 stages in the production
of coffee. The process begins with the picking of order to preserve something: được sấ y khô
coffee beans, and ends at the packing stage. be roasted = to cook food, especially meat,
without liquid in an oven or over a fire; to
Looking at the coffee production process in detail, be cooked in this way: được rang
coffee beans must first be picked in the fields. These be cooled: được làm nguội
beans are then dried, roasted, and cooled before coffee granules: hạt cà phê
being put in a grinding machine, which turns the is mixed with: được trộn với
beans into coffee granules. is strained: được lọc
is frozen: được đông lạnh
At the sixth stage in the process, the ground coffee is grinder = a machine or tool for grinding a
mixed with hot water, and the resulting mixture is solid substance into a powder: máy xay
strained. Next, the mixture is frozen and then passed evaporate = if a liquid evaporates or if
once again through the grinder. After that, the something evaporates it, it changes into a
ground, frozen liquid is dried in a vacuum so that the
gas, especially steam: bay hơi
water evaporates, leaving the coffee granules.
Finally, these granules are packed into coffee jars for
delivery to shops.

40
PROCESS
INCOMING
INFORMATION
ANALYSIS &
FORECASTING
BROADCAST
The diagram below shows how the Australian
PREPARING THE Bureau of Meteorology collects up-to-the-
BROADCAST
satellite minute information on the weather in order
to produce reliable forecasts
TV newsreader
satellite photo
radar
radio
radar screen
recorded
synoptic chart announcement
drifting buoy collected by ielts-nguyenhuyen.com
forecast the weather: dự

The figure illustrates the process used by the Australian Bureau of báo thời tiế t
Meteorology to forecast the weather. analyse = to examine the
nature or structure of
There are four stages in the process, beginning with the collection something, especially by
of information about the weather. This information is then separating it into its parts,
analysed, prepared for presentation, and finally broadcast to the in order to understand or
public. explain it: phân tích
broadcast to the public:
Looking at the first and second stages of the process, there are
phát sóng tới công chúng
three ways of collecting weather data and three ways of analysing
satellite = an electronic
it. Firstly, incoming information can be received by satellite and
device that is sent into
presented for analysis as a satellite photo. The same data can
space and moves around
also be passed to a radar station and presented on a radar screen
the earth or another planet.
or synoptic chart. Secondly, incoming information may be
collected directly by radar and analysed on a radar screen or It is used for communicating
synoptic chart. Finally, drifting buoys also receive data which can by radio, television, etc. and
be shown on a synoptic chart. for gathering information:
vệ tinh
At the third stage of the process, the weather broadcast is analysis: sự phân tích
prepared on computers. Finally, it is delivered to the public on be passed to ...: được
television, on the radio, or as a recorded telephone chuyển đế n ...
announcement. drifting buoys: phao trôi

41
PROCESS
The diagram below shows the water cycle, which is the continuous movement of water on,
above and below the surface of the Earth.
the water cycle: vòng tuầ n hoàn của

The picture illustrates the way in which water passes
nước
from ocean to air to land during the natural process
evaporate (v) = if a liquid evaporates or
known as the water cycle.
if something evaporates it, it changes
Three main stages are shown on the diagram. Ocean into a gas, especially steam: bay hơi
water evaporates, falls as rain, and eventually runs vapour (n) = a mass of very small drops
back into the oceans again. of liquid in the air, for example steam:
hơi nước
Beginning at the evaporation stage, we can see that condense (v) = to change from a gas into
80% of water vapour in the air comes from the a liquid; to make a gas change into a
oceans. Heat from the sun causes water to liquid: ngưng tụ
evaporate, and water vapour condenses to form precipitation (n) = rain, snow, etc. that
clouds. At the second stage, labelled ‘precipitation’ falls; the amount of this that falls: lượng
on the diagram, water falls as rain or snow. mưa
surface runoff: dòng chảy bề mặt
At the third stage in the cycle, rainwater may take filter through the ground: lọc qua mặt
various paths. Some of it may fall into lakes or return đấ t
to the oceans via ‘surface runoff’. Otherwise,
the impervious layer of the earth: lớp
rainwater may filter through the ground, reaching
không thấ m nước của trái đấ t
the impervious layer of the earth. Salt water
take place = to happen, especially after
intrusion is shown to take place just before
previously being arranged or planned:
groundwater passes into the oceans to complete the
diễ n ra
cycle.

42
MAP
The diagrams below show the site of a school in 2004 and the plan for changes to the school
site in 2024.

43
The two pictures compare the layout of a school as it was in

layout (n) = the way in which the
the year 2004 with a proposed site design for the year 2024.
parts of something such as the
It is clear that the main change for 2024 involves the addition page of a book, a website, a
of a new school building. The school will then be able to garden or a building are
accommodate a considerably larger number of students. arranged: cách bố trí
accommodate (v) = to provide
In 2004, there were 600 pupils attending the school, and the somebody with a room or place
two school buildings were separated by a path running from to sleep, live or sit: chứa
the main entrance to the sports field. By 2024, it is expected separate (v) = to divide into
that there will be 1000 pupils, and a third building will have different parts or groups; to
been constructed. Furthermore, the plan is to join the two divide things into different parts
original buildings together, creating a shorter path that links or groups: chia
the buildings only. join ... together = to fix or
connect two or more things
As the third building and a second car park will be built on together: kế t nố i... với nhau
the site of the original sports field, a new, smaller sports field
no changes will be made to: sẽ
will need to be laid. A new road will also be built from the
không có thay đổi nào được thực
main entrance to the second car park. Finally, no changes will
hiện đố i với
be made to the main entrance and original car park.

44
MAP
Chorleywood is a village near London whose population has increased steadily since the
middle of the nineteenth century. The map below shows the development of the village.
Main road 1868 - 1883
1883 - 1922
Motorway (built 1970)
1922 - 1970
Railway (built 1909) 1970 - 1994 collected by ielts-nguyenhuyen.com
The map shows the growth of a village called Chorleywood transport infrastructure: cơ sở
between 1868 and 1994. hạ tầ ng giao thông
populated areas: khu vực đông
It is clear that the village grew as the transport infrastructure dân cư
was improved. Four periods of development are shown on the covered a small area: bao phủ
map, and each of the populated areas is near to the main một khu vực nhỏ
roads, the railway or the motorway.
railway line = a track with rails
on which trains run: đường ray
From 1868 to 1883, Chorleywood covered a small area next to
expansion (n) = an act of
one of the main roads. Chorleywood Park and Golf Course is
increasing or making something
now located next to this original village area. The village grew
increase in size, amount or
along the main road to the south between 1883 and 1922, and
importance: mở rộng
in 1909 a railway line was built crossing this area from west to
east. Chorleywood station is in this part of the village. take place = to happen,
especially after previously
The expansion of Chorleywood continued to the east and west being arranged or planned: diễ n
alongside the railway line until 1970. At that time, a motorway ra
was built to the east of the village, and from 1970 to 1994, intersection (n) = a place where
further development of the village took place around two or more roads, lines, etc.
motorway intersections with the railway and one of the main meet or cross each other: ngã
roads. tư

45
MAP
The maps below show the centre of a small town called Islip as it is now, and plans for its
development.

46
The diagrams illustrate some proposed changes to the the principal change: sự thay đổi
central area of the town of Islip. chính
ring road = a road that is built around
It is clear that the principal change to the town will be a city or town to reduce traffic in the
the construction of a ring road around the centre. centre: đường vành đai
Various other developments with regard to shops and with regard to = relating to
housing will accompany the building of this road. somebody/something: liên quan đế n
pedestrianisation = the process of
Looking at the map of Islip as it is now, we can see that
making a street or part of a town into
a main road runs through its centre from east to west.
an area that is only for people who are
The second map shows the planned pedestrianisation
walking, not for vehicles: quá trình xây
of this road. Traffic will be diverted on to a dual
dựng đường cho người bộ
carriageway that will form a ring around the town
divert = to make somebody/something
centre.
change directiont: chuyển hướng
Currently there is a row of shops along either side of dual carriageway = a road with a
the main road. However, it appears that the shops narrow piece of land in the middle that
along the north side of the new pedestrian street will divides the lines of traffic moving in
be demolished to make way for a bus station, shopping opposite directions: làn kép
centre, car park and new housing area. The shops along be demolished to make way for ...: bị
the south side of the street will remain, but it seems phá bỏ để nhường chỗ cho ...
that the town’s park will be reduced in size so that be reduced in size: được giảm quy mô
more new houses can be built within the ring road.

47

Sample W T1 Simon

Uploaded by

Document Information

Copyright

Available Formats

Share this document

Share or Embed Document

Sharing Options

Did you find this document useful?

Is this content inappropriate?

Copyright:

Available Formats

Sample W T1 Simon

Uploaded by

Copyright:

Available Formats

TỔNG HỢP BÀI MẪ U

IELTS WRITING TASK 1

tự học hoàn toàn. Kỹ năng IELTS Writing

Đây cũng là lý do Huyền tổng hợp các bài

Thầy Simon là người thầy mà Huyền theo

Huyền mong rằng những tài liệu như thế

Chúc mọi người học tốt và đạt được mục

Góc học nhỏ của Huyền tại

Mỗi bạn có cách ghi chú và sử dụng các hệ

Chúng ta có thể mua 4 quyển vở tương ứng

Đối với bạn nào thích bìa còng, bạn có thể

GHI CHÚ TRÊN MÁY

Cách phân tích bài mẫu IELTS Writing

IELTS Nguyễn Huyền

The graph below shows changes in global

IELTS Nguyễn Huyền

The line graph compares three companies in terms of their waste

IELTS Nguyễn Huyền

IELTS Nguyễn Huyền

the most popular means

IELTS Nguyễn Huyền

per capita = for each person: bình

IELTS Nguyễn Huyền

average yearly spending:

IELTS Nguyễn Huyền

The line graph compares the percentage of people aged 65 or more

IELTS Nguyễn Huyền

The pie charts compare visitors’ responses to a survey about

It is clear that overall customer satisfaction increased considerably

IELTS Nguyễn Huyền

IELTS Nguyễn Huyền

The charts below give information on the ages

fall into something = to be

IELTS Nguyễn Huyền

The three pie charts below show how

expenditure = the act of

IELTS Nguyễn Huyền

The table compares two primary schools in terms of the proportions

IELTS Nguyễn Huyền

The tables below give information

IELTS Nguyễn Huyền

IELTS Nguyễn Huyền

cycled to work: đạp xe đi

IELTS Nguyễn Huyền

IELTS Nguyễn Huyền

Percentage of national consumer expenditure by category – 2002

The table shows percentages of consumer expenditure for three

IELTS Nguyễn Huyền

IELTS Nguyễn Huyền

IELTS Nguyễn Huyền

The chart below shows the amount of

IELTS Nguyễn Huyền

IELTS Nguyễn Huyền

IELTS Nguyễn Huyền

IELTS Nguyễn Huyền

IELTS Nguyễn Huyền

IELTS Nguyễn Huyền

The three bar charts show average years of schooling, numbers of

IELTS Nguyễn Huyền

Percentage change in average house prices in five different cities

IELTS Nguyễn Huyền

Attendances at emergency care departments per 1000-population

IELTS Nguyễn Huyền

recycle = to treat things

the water cycle: vòng tuầ n hoàn của