General Chemistry 1

Activity Sheet
Quarter 1 – MELC 10
Week 3
Chemical Equations

REGION VI – WESTERN VISAYAS

General Chemistry 1
Activity Sheet No. 10: Chemical Equations
First Edition, 2021

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Introductory Message
Welcome to General Chemistry 1!

The Learning Activity Sheet is a product of the collaborative efforts of

the Schools Division of Negros Occidental and DepEd Regional Office VI -
Western Visayas through the Curriculum and Learning Management Division
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The General Chemistry 1 Activity Sheet will help you facilitate the
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Competency (MELC) with minimal or no face-to-face encounter between you
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The General Chemistry 1 Activity Sheet is developed to help you

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perform the activities and answer the assessments. This will be returned to
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Name of Learner: _________________________________________________________
Grade and Section:______________________________Date: ____________________

GENERAL CHEMISTRY 1 ACTIVITY SHEET No. 10

Chemical Equations

I. Learning Competency with Code

Write equations for chemical reactions and balance the equations
(STEM_GC11CR-If-g-37)

II. Background Information for Learners

Chemical reaction is a process in which one or more

substances are changed into new substance with different physical and
chemical properties. Chemical reaction has occurred when there is: a.
change in color b. formation of a solid (a precipitate) c. evolution of gas
(bubble formation) d. change in temperature (heat is released or
absorbed) and e) change in properties.
Chemical reactions are sometimes presented in a word
equation which describes a chemical change using the names of the
reactants and products.
Chemical equations are also used to describe chemical
reactions, and they show (1) the substances that react, called reactants;
(2) the substances formed, called products; and (3) the relative amounts
of the substances involved. The numbers placed in front of compounds
in a chemical equation are called coefficients and represent the
number of molecules (or formula units) of each reactant or product
needed to balance the equation.
In writing and balancing the chemical equations, important
symbols must be remembered. Below are the common symbols used in
writing and balancing chemical equations.

Symbol Meaning
→ “yields” or “produces” (separates reactants from products);
indicates the result of the reaction
Used in place of single arrow to indicate a reversible reaction
+ “Reacts with,” or “produced alongside”, (separates two or more
reactants or products)
Δ Reaction mixture is heated (written over arrow)
NR No reaction takes place when reactants are mixed
(s) Pure substance (reactant or product) is solid
Alternate to (s); used to indicate a precipitate (“ppt”)
(l) Pure substance (reactant or product) is liquid
(g) Pure substance (reactant or product) is gas
Alternate to (g); used to indicate a gaseous product
(aq) Aqueous solution (reactant or product is dissolved in water)
cat Catalyst – a substance required for the reaction to proceed
(written over arrow)
Most chemical reactions can be classified into five types:
1) Decomposition reaction – one compound breaks down into
two or more products.
AB → A + B
Example: 2H2O → 2H2 + O2

2) Synthesis or Combination reaction – two or more substances

combine to form a single product.
A + B → AB
Example: 2NO + O2 → 2NO2

3) Single displacement reaction – one element replaces another

in a compound.
A + BC → AC + B
Example: Cu(s) + 2AgNO3(aq) → Cu(NO3)2(aq) + 2Ag(s)

4) Double displacement or Metathesis reaction – two ionic

compounds exchange ions.
AB + CD → AD + CB
Example: 2KI(aq) + Pb(NO3)2(aq) → 2KNO3(aq) + PbI2(s)

5.) Combustion reaction – a hydrocarbon (a compound containing

carbon and hydrogen) reacts with oxygen to form carbon dioxide
and water.
Hydrocarbon + O2 → CO2 + H2O
Example: 2C2H6 + 7O2 → 4CO2 + 6H2O

Antoine-Laurent de Lavoisier (1743-1794) was one of the early

chemists who performed quantitative analysis on different reactions.
His works led him to deduce the Law of Conservation of Mass, which
states that, in every chemical transformation, the amount of the
reacting substances must be equal to the amount of the new
substance(s) produced. A more simple way of stating it, is that the
number of each type of atom in the reactant side is equal to that of the
atoms in the product side. This law is well represented in a balanced
chemical equation.

Balancing a Chemical Equation:

SAMPLE PROBLEM 1: Tarnish, a black stain you see in silver

spoons, is produced when silver reacts with the sulfur present in
the air producing silver sulfide. To balance this reaction, follow
the step below.

Step 1: Write the unbalanced chemical equation. Make sure that

you have checked the correct chemical formulas and symbols.

Ag(s) + H2S(g) → Ag2S(s) + H2(g)

 Step 2: By inspection, tabulate the number of atoms of each kind
in the reactant and product sides.
Element Number of Atom(s)
Reactant Product
Ag 1 2
S 1 1
H 2 2

Step 3: Adjust the coefficient of each substance to get the equal

number of each kind of atom in the reactants and in the product.
You should never change subscripts in chemical formulas.

2Ag(s) + H2S(g) → Ag2S(s) + H2(g)

Step 4: Check if the coefficients for Ag and S will balance the

number of each atom in the reactant and in the product sides.
Element Number of Atom(s)
Reactant Product
Ag 1x2=2 2
S 1 1
H 2 2

When no coefficient is written in front of a formula or after the atom or

element it is assumed to be 1. Numbers appearing in the formulas are known
as subscripts. These can never be changed when balancing the equation or you
will change the identity of the substance.)

III. Activity Proper

Activity 1: Balancing Equations
Directions: Answer the following guide questions given the unbalanced
chemical equation. Write your answers in a separate sheet of paper.
Hyperacidity is observed when the stomach becomes too acidic.
Antacids such as calcium hydroxide are used to neutralize the
hydrochloric acid inside the stomach.
__Ca(OH)2(aq) + __HCl(aq) → __CaCl2(aq) + __H2O(l)

Guide Questions
a) What are the reactants in the reaction?
_______________________________________________________________

b) What coefficients should be used to make the equation

balanced?
_______________________________________________________________
c) What type of reaction is being shown in the equation?
_______________________________________________________________

d) Why do chemical equations need to be balanced?

_______________________________________________________________
 Activity #2: Writing and Balancing Equations.
Directions: Convert the following chemical sentences below into an
equation and balance the resulting chemical equations. Write your
answers in a separate sheet of paper.

1) In sunlight, hydrogen gas reacts explosively with chlorine gas to

produce hydrogen chloride gas.
2) In the presence of a spark, hydrogen gas reacts explosively with
oxygen gas to produce gaseous water.
3) Solid iron (III) oxide and carbon monoxide gas yields iron metal
and carbon dioxide gas.
4) Silicon dioxide solid plus aqueous hydrofluoric acid (HF) yields
solid silicon tetrafluoride plus liquid water.
5) Aqueous sodium hydroxide and carbon dioxide gas yields
sodium carbonate solution and liquid water.

IV. Reflection

Writing a balanced equation is more than just getting the correct

coefficients but ensuring that the products in the reaction are gained
and formed. Can you think of “balancing acts” that you do to balance
academic work and personal life in this time of pandemic?
_____________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________
 0with%20key.pdf
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https://www.tamaqua.k12.pa.us/cms/lib/PA01000119/Centricity/D
Writing and Balancing Equations
https://bit.ly/KTO12MODULES
Accessed/Downloaded August 7, 2020,
General Chemistry 1 Module. Alternative Delivery Mode.
United States of America. Thomson Corporation.
Whitten, Kenneth, et.al., (2007). Chemistry pp.85 - 108. Eight Edition.
Quezon City: Commission on Higher Education.
School General Chemistry 1 Specialized subject / Academic STEM.
Licuanan, Patricia, et. al., (2016), Teaching Guide for Senior High
Makati City: DIWA Learning System Inc.
Espinosa, Allen A, et.al., (2016), General Chemistry 1 pp. 95-104.
References VI.
Activity #1
Guide questions:
a) Calcium hydroxide and hydrochloric acid
b) 1,2,1,2
c) Double displacement or metathesis reaction
d) Chemical reaction is just a rearrangement of atoms. It can neither
create nor destroyed during the course of a chemical reaction.
Chemical equations must be balanced in order to satisfy the law of
conservation of matter, that states that matter cannot be produced nor
destroyed. The law of conservation of mass governs the balancing of a
chemical equation. According to this law, mass can neither be created
nor be destroyed in a chemical reaction and obeying this law the total
mass of the elements or molecules present on the reactant side should
be equal to the total mass of elements or molecules present on the
product side. If the chemical equation is not balanced the law of
conservation is not applicable.(https://byjus.com)
Activity #2
1) H2(g) + Cl2(g) → 2HCl(g)
2) 2H2(g) + O2(g) → 2H2O(g)
3) Fe2O3(s) + 3CO(g) → 2Fe(s) + 3CO2(g)
4) SiO2(s) + 4HF(aq) → SiF4(s) + 2H2O(l)
5) 2NaOH(aq) + CO2(g) → Na2CO3(aq) + H2O(l)
Reflection: (Answer may vary)
Answer Key V.