Drugs:any substance taken into the body that modifies or affects chemical reactions

in the body.

The first antibiotic to be discovered was penicillin that was created/made by the
fungus pencillium.

Antibiotics are substances which kill bacteria but do not harm other living cells.
Many antibiotics kill bacteria by damaging their cell walls. iruses do not have
cell walls so hey are unharmed by antibiotics.

Opium poppies produce a substance called opium which contains a number of different
chemicals. some of these are called morphine and codeine which are used in medicine
for relief of pain-
opium is also the raw material from which heroine is created not to mention is used
in medicine.

heroine is addictive and those who dont take it suffer severe physological and
pysical symptoms, it is also a powerfull depressant (slows down many functions of
the brain, which includes reducing pain
and slow down breathing and slows down the functions of the hypothalamus and it
also gives a feeling of euphoria.)
! The reason why we feel good taking heroie is because one of the groups in synapse
is called endomorphines which help to reduce sensations of pain, hunger and thirst
not to mention affects mood as well,
whis is why exercise often has a "feel-good" effect, When it enters the brain,
heroine is metabolised to morphine receptors with fit into some of the endorphin
receptors.!
Unfortunately, taking heroine can reduce the production of natural endomorphins and
can affect the brains prduction of other important neurotransmittors which is why
if users stop taking heroine all of a sudden-
they will suffer extremely unpleasen withdrawl symptoms.

Alcohol is a very commonly used drugs in many different countries because it makes
people feel relaxed and release their inhibitions which in return makes it easier
to mix and interact with other people.
it is quickly absorbed through the walls of the stomach and carried all over the
body in the blood and it is eventually broken down by the liver which takes a long
amount of time, it has some effects as well:
1) Alcohol lengthens reaction time.
2) Alcohol can increase aggression in some people.
3) Large intakes of alcohole can kill.

Alcoholism is a diesease in which a peson cannot manage without alcohol, and one
form of liver disease resulting from alcohol damage is cirrhosis, where fibres grow
in the liver, and this can be fatal.
it can also cause memory loss and confusion- One way in which damage is done is
that alcohol in the body fluids draw water out of the cells using osmosis and when
this happens to brain cells they shrink
and may be irreversibly damaged. This osmotic effect ismade worse because alcohol
inhibits the release of a hormone which stops kidneys from allowing too much water
to leave the body in the urine so drinking
alcohol causes a lot of dilute urine to be produced, resulting in low levels of
water in the blood.

Nicotine affets the brain as it is a stimulant, Nicotine damages the circulatory

system, making blood vessels get narrower which can increase blood pressure,
leading to hypertension therefore making smokers having a higher
chance of developing conorary heart disease than non smokers.