BARNACHEA Terra Cotta - made from red clay, unglazed

and fired at low temperatures and relatively

TABLEWARES
soft and very porous.
Table Appointments - -It refers to tools used
Plasticware – two types: thermoplastic and
for eating, covering the table, and serving
thermosetting or melamine plastic
the food. They are selected according to the
kind of materials they are made of.  Thermoplastic - of soft plastic
and easily softened by heat and
Materials Used for Dinnerware
not usually need to be sterilized.
Clayware - Contains two kinds, pottery and + melting during hot surface
stoneware Inexpensive
 Melamine plastic - is harder and
 Pottery - -is made from crude clay
not easily affected by heat.
fired at very low temperatures, with
+ color ng food dumidikit sa
large pores.
plate
+ They absorb moisture and usually
More expensive and it is more
thick looking (to stand), sometimes
durable
they are glazed so not to absorb to
much liquid. Wood - used for dinner plates and not
They are inexpensive but not practical for constant use because they
durable absorb water and the varnishing usually
 Stoneware or earthenware - made wears off.
from white clay that has been fired
+ the longer you used it there are white
once at very low temperature.
spots
+ usually, they are porous with
transparent glazed. Heavy looking. Common woods are used woods in making
It is more expensive and durable dinnerware’s:
Porcelain (China) - made from refined kamagong, Tanguile line with Capiz shells
white clay, feldspar and
Wood used for making dinnerware that is
silica(quartz) ,fired at very high
used to serving food or used for underplate
temperatures producing translucent,
in formal dining.
fragile-looking plate.
Ex: Baleek China – made in Ireland
+ After firing they applied the glazing to
make plate non-absorbent and then
sometimes, they decorate/design it.
Glass - made from any of the following
materials:
• Lead glass called crystal, milk glass
+ It is pure bone ash and minerals usually
opaque and the color depend on what’s the
kind of mineral used
• Borosilicate glass
+ Made from boric oxide, making it a
cooked and service dish which is heat
resistance (can use the microwave)
• Pyroceram
+ Combination of ceramic and borax making
it both cold and heat resistance
Metals
1) Enamel ware- made from a base metal
coated with a liquid plus finely ground glass
fused with metal by firing at high
temperatures and glossy, easy to clean
2) Brassware(Tabak) - made of an alloy of
copper and zinc, gold in color with intricate
carvings.
3) Teflon and Silverstone- carbon-flourine
polymers with synthetic coatings making it
nonstick but easily scratched.
4) Stainless steel - mainly steel plus 15
percent chromium and some nickel
Others materials: paper plates, styrofoam,
mother of pearl, Seashell, Nito, Bilao and
Coconut shells
Factors in Selection of Dinnerware
• Cost and durability
• Versatility of use in table service
• Shape of each piece
• Type of material used
• Workmanship
• Flexibility of design –can be used in
different occasion/events
• Availability
Care and Maintenance
1.) A rubber soft cloth and a soft sponge
should be used to scrape, soaped or
washed.
2.) Dishes are dried after washing and
covered with towel in drain rack.
3.) It should not be stacked too high and
shelves not overloaded.
Flatware - refers to table appointments
used for serving, dipping, cutting or
spearing food
Materials used for Flatware
Sterling silver – Is an alloy of 925 parts
silver and 75 parts copper. The copper is
added to give strength to silver which when
it is alone very soft
Silverware – plated – made by electro
plating individual pieces of flatware with
silver nickel to distinguished the silverware
from sterling silver. Silver nickel is an alloy of
copper, nickel and zinc. Quality and
durability are to determine the amount of
silver amount. It is less expensive than the
sterling silver
Stainless steel – Very durable and easy to • Avoid using abrasive scrubbing pads that
care unless sa mga nauna (Sterling silver, can damage the finish of the flatware.
Silverware – plated)
• Dry the flatware immediately after
Dirilyte – is an alloy of aluminum, copper, washing to prevent watermarks.
and nickel. It has warm rich gold color, very
+ Mas recommended Dish cloth
durable, resistant to scratching and
tarnishes with used of sulfur compounds • Gold or silverware should be stored in
like egg product. chemically treated silver chests, flannel
bags, or felt-lined drawers to prevent
Vermeil – also gold-plated ware in which
tarnishing.
the base metal is either stainless steel or
sterling silver. It does not tarnished but • When silverware gets tarnished, use a
sensitive to sulfur. special silver polish.
Others: + Used special silver polish, rub the polish in
each piece with soft cloth or silver brush in
Evoni, Nylon, wood, bamboo or plastic
lengthwise motion.
maybe used for handles of flatware and not
durable • After polishing, wash the silverware in
mild soap and warm water, and towel dry
Factors in Selection of Flatware
them.
• Durability
• It is common to polish silverware twice a
• Care requirement year for maintenance
• Versatility of design and pattern for table Beverageware
setting
 Footed or stemmed beverage ware
• Facility of use
Water goblet, cocktail glass, champagne
• Size and shape glass, sherry glass, cordial glass, white
wine glass, red wine glass, brandy,
• Utility for table service
pilsner, sherbet glass, hurricane glass
• Availability and parfait glass
Care and Maintenance
• Rinse flatware immediately after use and
wash it in warm water with mild soap or
detergent using a soft brush or cloth.
• Silverware should be washed separately
from other flatware.
  Unfooted or unstemmed beverage
ware
Old fashioned glass , high ball, tumblers,
juice glass, whiskey glass or shot glass,
collins glass and beer mug
Materials Used for Beverageware
Crystal – most common material used for
beverageware. They are made from Silica in
combination with other material.
Lime – it is made from soda and white lime
added to harden the glass and give more
clarity.
Plastic
Paper
Styrofoam – are used to hot beverages
Wood
Metal
Coconut Shell
Capiz Shell
Care and Maintenance
• Wash glassware separately from other
utensils using warm water and a small
amount of ammonia.
• Rinse glassware with hot water and allow
it to drain on a rubber mat or thick towel.
Air drying is preferable.
• Wash glassware one by one to ensure
thorough cleaning.
• When pouring hot liquids into glassware,
place a metal spoon in the glass to prevent
cracking.
• Do not pour cold water into a glass that
has been used for hot liquids.
• Store glasses upside down in a single layer
to prevent stacking. Avoid glasses from
touching each other.
• If glasses become stacked together,
separate them by filling the inside glass with
cold water and the outer glass with warm
water. The temperature difference will help
separate them without breaking.
• Glassware, especially crystal, can be
polished by allowing steam to enter the
glass and using a polishing cloth to rotate
the glass slowly by holding the base in one
corner of the cloth
Linens -The term linen includes all table
coverings and napkins of all types,
regardless of materials used.
Materials Used for Linens
Table Cloth – are made of white damask
cloth. Today, have a wide variety of fabrics
colors and design that are usually used.
Silence Cloth – Flannel material
Runner Cloth - Woven fabrics
Placemat – cloth, plastic, ranie and with
most restaurants today they used paper
Top cloth -
Napkin - Used the same kind of material for
the table cloth if the napkins are in the
same table settings.
Skirting
Others: Native materials can also be used Serviceware - This is a general term for all
like Pina, Abaka and Banana fiber utensils and wares used to serve foods to
the guests
Factors in Selection of Linens
vegetable dish - use in vegetable, rice or any
• Occasion
saucy dish
• Type of material
Sour tureen - it is deep serving dish for soup
• Color and design and use of under liner fitted cover

• Versatility Platter

• Availability Coffee pot VS Tea pot

• Utility for table service Coffee pot: long nose

• Type of table Appointments and setting Tea pot: shorter nose

Care and Maintenance

• The care of linens depends on the
materials used, so specific instructions may
vary.
• After washing, linens should be hung to
drip dry instead of being wrung, as this can
help minimize the need for ironing.
• It is important to remove stains from
linens before washing them.
• Ironing should be done according to
specific instructions provided for the linens.
Generally, only the centerfolds should be
ironed.
• Once linens are ironed, they can be stored
flat in drawers or rolled if there is enough
space.
• Plastic cloths and native materials typically
do not require daily washing. Instead, they
can be wiped with a clean damp sponge and
air-dried before storing