Experiment 4 OXIDE PH TEST

Anggota Kelompok :

Nadine Hasnadhiya 5014231064

Muhammad Farrel Hasyidan Siregar 5014211029

INSTITUT TEKNOLOGI SEPULUH NOPEMBER SURABAYA

2023/2024
A. Objective (Muhammad Farrel has 5014231029)
This practicum aims to determine the difference between acids and bases through the
oxide pH test.

B. Basic Theory (Muhammad Farrel has 5014231029)

The Potential of Hydrogen (pH) theory is a measurement used to determine the acidity or
alkali level of a solution. Acids and bases are two crucial chemical substances in everyday life,
with solutions grouped into acidic, basic, and neutral groups. Acids are substances that can
provide protons or proton donors, while bases are substances that accept protons or proton
acceptors.Acids are classified into three categories: non-charged molecules, acid salt ions,
ammonium and hydronium ions, and cations like aluminum and other metal ions. Bases are
classified into three categories: uncharged molecules, metal hydroxides, and weak acid ions.
Oxide compounds are formed from a few oxygen atoms with other elements. Oxygen is a
reactive element, forming oxides when it reacts with metals. Basic oxides can produce basic
hydroxide (OH-) when reacted with water, while some metal oxides do not react with water.
Non-metal oxides can produce acid (H+) when reacted with water. If acid oxides react with
bases, they form salts. Overall, pH theory provides a comprehensive understanding of the
chemical properties of acids and bases in everyday life.
.

C. Material Data Sheet

Mr Boiling Melting Density Danger Potensial

Materials (g/mol) Point (C) Point (C) (g/cm3)

39,997 1390 323 2.13 Resulting in penetrating

Sodium burns. If inhaled it can cause
Hydroxide nausea, shortness of breath,
throat irritation and even
(NaOH)
pneumonia and edema.

Potassium 56,106 1324 406 2,044 A strong irritant that can

Hydroxide cause corrosion so it is very
dangerous for the skin, eyes,
(KOH)
respiratory tract and
trointestinal (stomach) gas.
Can affect the central nervous
system, causing dizziness and
drowsiness.
 Phosphori 97,995 213 42 1,685 If you drink it, it can cause
c Acid burns in the mouth and throat,
which can cause holes in the
(H3PO4)
esophagus and stomach.

Calcium 74 2850 580 2,24 Irritant so it can cause

Hydroxide irritation to the skin. Causes
serious eye irritation. In large
(Ca(OH)2
use can cause intestinal
) disorders and nausea,
mucosal irritation.

Nitric 63.013 83 -42.22 1.5 Very corrosive to all base

Acid metals, plastics and rubber
except aluminum and special
HNO3
chrome iron. Flammable,
fatal if inhaled because it is
very toxic

(National Center for Biotechnology Information, 2022)

D. Diagram Flow (Nadine Hasnadhiya 5014231064)

 Bibliography

Tim Dosen Departemen Kimia, Fakultas Sains, ITS. (2019). Kimia 1 (2nd ed.).
Media Bersaudara.

Viswanatha, P. A. (2017) 8Keseimbangan Asam Basa9.

Emsley, John (2001). "’Oxygen’. Nature's Building Blocks: An A-Z Guide to the
Elements”. Oxford, England: Oxford University Press.

National Center for Biotechnology Information (2022). PubChem Compound

Summary