26-cct-2e33

. The z Irenfem
used

synthesis t disceletime dal sytem is he ztte

disoeletime syrtems Laslece trontrm

sytems.
. I a near dcvete tine cante sem a bner dfee
gclem.
equti charedaizs the daynaits o te
4he sytent resesse

dference enuatto wut be selved.

such a
tvesfen meted, the
dotference equticns beceme algebraie in nature,
.Discrele-Tine Sigrals
Drscvate time siganls arise if the sytem iwees
Saning operaton t iueut- me styals

is the anplaug oried

vales Otisiny

sylem iselves iterdive rocess

le), , f2)..
(on he
 26-0cto3

The
" A mathematicl tool commonly used for the anaysis
yntheris f diseetetime cul sytem is the z tranne
discrele-time systems Laplace transform
fn entnous-me
ystems.
. na Unear dscvete tine a

eudin chaadeizes the

" o ddeine the sytemt vestonre
fference equatten mut be selved.
such a
transen mothed, the
equatione beceme algebraic natre,
tfevonce
. DisceleTiae Sis
i the ytem iwclues
. Discvete time simals
Curise

Songlng operaten t ti nueuc- ime stenas

s where
"The
T the saplig eried.
sequence ot vaes ising
wnten as
usually nied
syotem iuvolv terdive recess
the
et by lelued sa
humter Seghee
le), x(), x(2)..
Con he
 x(kD. nd the nuber seqece
sopled slyul
The z Irontorm
=-tenform of me mtia x).
Sple values o x), .e,
we consider ouly the
x(), x), xeD

For

One-sided
These z-tronsforns dre

x) = o r co

complex vciable
 wo -sided taasom

4) o
x to fer t o
the seque
tuo-sided raorms
Bth the ene-sied and
are Series

engineig pphiratione, fha

. for mest Cowenieut clesed er
hewe

vegion f CEwergence
its
afinile serieS

, where R alod
outside the civcle z
vadiuc ct abeselte cCmwerqeuce the
Hhe
otvig Aserele time blens
z anfm mhed fer
it is
cwergent.
4he vales f
ckpanslon o 0:
Noltce thad, the
 4

Cevhuuous. ime may be ritten ln ho

Seiies

this Series ndicates fhe pasie

time ad whick the anagtude (T)
Series
is

rwerse
fom the
obtined hy Inetten a sequence
the vaee of x4)
x( cevec pencds to
ves peive mtaule
t fhe
given as vade f
the
elynewials , n 2 than the
4wo
several doffreit methods
be
ay
1. The Dinect Disiew Method
2 The Coadltiual Metod
the
4 he Tnlegral Method
 is oted hat sided transtorme
Asreuihuous funtiu x(t).
the ory a

We 4hat
ocCUs
vight
QscLme
han We
ad Hhe scoutity
tathan thh the erage

. Uat-ep

too

cauttnuous tm the vight

 called meuy cem
unit-ep
tht noted is It
poles eKcept plane
througbot
the vohd this tened
sufftces I4
. regian such
1s oVe
egioen tspeciy
he to
Vecessay
oparator dunmy
a
ts vartable the
the tht Nbttce .
CoweryoS Settes
|
 as tten wi
The
t
the guitudes ma the Hee, "
smpled
Vales
signal wit-ra Somped Fg.l:
that, Nolice .
the
 X(2)=
(2-)

lot is

Centot.
whae a

x(=) [a]
4a' -

Ere me utid Fucten at

teo

Sice, = O, , 2..
heve, X(z)=
 -3aT -3
x (2) =

-aT

Sinusoida l fametien!
Couside He

Notng that, Ces wt 4 suwt

cos w t s i n t
 (o)
the taform He

we
hove,
X(2)

--2

|-22'teswT+2
 amd theore wmi
z- tanferm'
|.
Multighn hy Cutat

2 .
Linrarity the tfr

X()
3. Mfcate y
 (4)

Sitting Theovem' tralattca hece)

z[r(t-]

m -h,
>h

x(z)

t) by
meve
4tme