CALEB BRITISH INTERNATIONAL SCHOOL, ABIJO GRA

2023/2024 ACADEMIC SESSION

FIRST TERM LESSON NOTE

SUBJECT: CIVI EDUCATION CLASS: YEAR 10 INTERNATIONAL DATE:

st
TERM: 1 Term
WEEK: One
TOPIC: Introduction to civic education

LESSON OBJECTIVES:

At the end of the lesson students should be able to:

1. Examine the meaning of civic education,

2. State the aims and objectives of civic education,

3. Discuss the importance of civic education

4. State and explain the agents of civic education

CONTENT

Civic education is a subject that assists the citizens to understand government, how it works as well as enables them to
know their rights and duties as members of the society.

Civic education is a subject that guides citizens behaviors in knowing what to do, how to do it and when to do it in the
society to enable peaceful coexistence. Subjects that are related with civic education include Social studies,
Government, Economics, psychology, geography etc. Agents of civic education includes the family, the school, the
community, the religious organizations, the mass media, peer-group,

Civil society etc.

AIMS AND OBJECTIVES OF CIVIC EDUCATION

The following are the aims and objectives of civic education in Nigeria:

1. To assist the citizens to know their fundamental rights and how to defend these rights of violated by individuals,
groups and government.

2. To educate citizens about happenings politically, economically, socially and culturally in their country.
 CALEB BRITISH INTERNATIONAL SCHOOL, ABIJO GRA
2023/2024 ACADEMIC SESSION
FIRST TERM LESSON NOTE
3. To re-orientate the citizens through positive values and the need for them to imbibe these values for economic
growth across the country.

4. To educate the citizens on the constitutional functions of the government.

IMPORTANCE OF CIVIC EDUCATION

Civic education is important in the following ways:

1. It promotes peaceful co - existence.

2. It is a tool for sensitization and awareness.

3. It facilitates cultural rebirth.

4. It teaches right attitudes and positive values.

Agencies of Civic Education

The family: A family is a group of people who are related by blood, especially parents and children. Therefore, family is a
starting point of an agency for civic education. The expectation of the society from the family is the ability of the parents
to teach their children the rights values, hard work, sincerity etc.

The School: The school is a place where children are educated. It is another agency of civic education. It helps to
inculcate in the children the right values, hard work, sincerity etc.

Religious Organization: These are institutions like the church, mosque, etc. They help in instilling the right attitude and
values in the lives of the children. Religious institutions or organizations train children to learn the beliefs, practices and
ways of worship of people.

The Community: A community is group of people who live in a particular area or who are alike in some ways. The
community members have a very vital role to play in a child’s upbringing. They help to mould the character of a child.

EVALUATION:
1. What is Civic education?
2. Discuss three importance of civic education
3. Examine three agencies of civic education
4. State two aims and objectives of civic education

SUBJECT: CIVI EDUCATION CLASS: YEAR 10 INTERNATIONAL DATE:

ST
TERM: 1 TERM
WEEK: 2ND WEEK
TOPIC: VALUES

LESSON OBJECTIVES:

At the end of the lesson students should be able to:

1. Examine the Meaning of values

2. Discuss types of values
 CALEB BRITISH INTERNATIONAL SCHOOL, ABIJO GRA
2023/2024 ACADEMIC SESSION
FIRST TERM LESSON NOTE
3. Importance of values in the society.
4. Cite five examples of personal values

CONTENT

VALUES: values may be define as usefulness or worth of something. Values are beliefs, norms, Principles about what is
right or wrong that guide individual attitudes or behaviour in the society. Acceptable key words for defining values are
moral principles, norms, beliefs, moral, ideas, orientations, guidelines. It connotes moral judgment of right or wrong.
Example honesty, contentment, selflessness, Justice Integrity, cooperation etc.

The following are the types of values

1. Positive value: is a type of value that is generally acceptable to be right in the society which guides the attitudes or
behaviors of the members of the society. e:g integrity, contentment, selflessness, courage, justice

2. Negative value: is a type of value that are not generally acceptable which the society frown at.eg dishonesty, stealing,
lying, cheating, laziness, hatred, and other social vices

3. Personal/individual values: are desirable goals, norms or principles guiding an individual action. E:g creativity,
determination, friendship, courage, self-reliance ,independence, success etc

4. General/ Ethical value: are those generally acceptable principles of right and wrong guiding individuals, groups or
organizations. Transparency, accountability, integrity, co-operation, time management etc

5. Political values: are norms, principles adopted by government keeping in mind the social, cultural and economical
attributes of the society it operates in. It is also the sum total opinion or attitude of individuals or group which guides
their general behaviour towards politics. E.g voting, fairness, accountability etc.

6. Professional values: are the principles that are set up to guide individuals on how to act and behave within a
professional practice. E.g respect, term work, accountability, punctuality, obedient etc.

7. Group values are norms: principles or beliefs cherished by groups or members of the same gang which guide the
activities or attitudes of the group which may be negative or positive e:g forgiveness, loyalty, for cult groups: revenge,
stealing, killing, unforgiveness etc.
 CALEB BRITISH INTERNATIONAL SCHOOL, ABIJO GRA
2023/2024 ACADEMIC SESSION
FIRST TERM LESSON NOTE

IMPORTANCE OF VALUES

The following are importance of values:

1. Values promote peace and unity.

2. Values promote tolerance and acceptability.

3. Values increase individual’s self-esteem.

4. Values enable national development.

5. Values increase national integrity, consciousness and unity.

5. Values bring reward to and individual.

EVALUATION:

1. Examine the Meaning of values,

2. Discuss types of values and importance of values in the society

3. Write out five ways of manifesting values

4. Cite five examples of personal values

 CALEB BRITISH INTERNATIONAL SCHOOL, ABIJO GRA
2023/2024 ACADEMIC SESSION
FIRST TERM LESSON NOTE
SUBJECT: CIVI EDUCATION CLASS: YEAR 10 INTERNATIONAL DATE:
st
TERM: 1 Term
RD
WEEK: 3 WEEK
TOPIC: Justice and Selflessness

LESSON OBJECTIVES: AT THE END OF THE CLASS, STUDENTS SHOULD BE ABLE TO;
1. Examine justice by stating the meaning.
2. Discuss types and attributes of justice
3. State the consequences of injustice.
4. Discuss the meaning of selflessness and its attributes

CONTENT

Justice may be defined as fairness in the way people are treated. It is fairness in all situation.

It is the Legal system that a country uses in order to deal with people who broke the law. So when any case is decided in
fairness and honesty there is Justice.

ATTRIBUTES OF JUSTICE

The attributes of justice are:

1. Truthfulness 2. Courage 3. Integrity 4. Wisdom 5. Trustworthiness

Types of justice

There are different types of justice in the society which include:

1. Distributive Justice: This type of justice deals with fairness in what people receive as income.

2. Procedural justice: This type of justice deals with using Fair play in deciding what is to be distributed. If people believe
that a fair process was used in deciding what it is to be distributed, they may well accept an imbalance in what they
received in comparison to others.

3. Restorative or corrective Justice: This type simply means putting things back as they should be. This is the type of
justice that deals with appeasing an individual that has been betrayed or cheated through some form of restitution.
 CALEB BRITISH INTERNATIONAL SCHOOL, ABIJO GRA
2023/2024 ACADEMIC SESSION
FIRST TERM LESSON NOTE
4. Retributive Justice: this is a type of justice that comes in when restorative Justice is not enough For the betrayed
person and may seek revenge of some soft Whereby we can feel the satisfaction of seeing the other person suffer in the
way that they have suffered.

Benefits of justice are:

1. Justice makes it possible for people to be treated respectfully.

2. It brings dignity to human existence

3. It ensures self-respect

4. Justice brings Peace and Unity in the society

INJUSTICE:

Injustice maybe defined as Lack of fairness in a situation.

Consequences of injustice

There are a lot of consequences when there is injustice which include:

1. It breeds hatred

2. It brings lack of integrity and trust

3. It encourages social vices in the society

4. It can result in timely death

SELFLESSNESS

Selflessness is the quality or state of being selfless. A selfless person considers other people's needs rather than his own.
Selflessness is a way of doing things expecting Payback. Selfless person is an individual who puts others first more than
his or her personal gain.

Attributes selflessness include:

Integrity loyalty, Honesty, love, commitment, dedication etc.

Benefits or importance of selflessness

 CALEB BRITISH INTERNATIONAL SCHOOL, ABIJO GRA
2023/2024 ACADEMIC SESSION
FIRST TERM LESSON NOTE
These are the benefits of selflessness:

1. Your selflessness is highly honorable because the person considers others rather than himself.

2. It helps build trust.

3. It gives a respect to people that are involved in the service of selflessness.

4. It makes an individual to be fulfilled.

5. It brings recognition to an individual

EVALUATION:

1. Examine justice by stating the meaning, types, attributes, and consequences of injustice.

2. Examine the meaning of selflessness, state attributes and importance of selflessness.

3. What is selfishness?

4. Mention five attributes of selfishness and five consequences of selfishness

SUBJECT: CIVI EDUCATION CLASS: YEAR 10 INTERNATIONAL DATE:

st
TERM: 1 Term
WEEK: FOUR
TOPIC: HIV/AIDS

LESSON OBJECTIVES:

At the end of the class, students should be able to:

1. Explain the meaning of the acronym HIV AIDS

2. Discuss the spread of HIV/AIDS
3. Examine the causes and the consequences of HIVA/AIDS
4. State the prevention and the stigmatization of people living with HIV/AIDS

CONTENT

HIV is the acronym for Human Immuno- Deficiency Virus. HIV is a retro-virus that primarily attacks the components
of the human immune system. It directly and indirectly destroys the body cells.

AIDS is also an acronym for Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome. Acquired means that it is not inherited; Immuno
shows it attacks the immune system, Deficiency is the inability of the body to protect itself from illness; “Syndrome”
refers to a group of symptoms of illness that occur as a result of HIV infection.
 CALEB BRITISH INTERNATIONAL SCHOOL, ABIJO GRA
2023/2024 ACADEMIC SESSION
FIRST TERM LESSON NOTE

The cause of HIV will be treated from the mode of transmission which are:

1. Blood transfusion.

2. An infected mother to an unborn child.

3. Sharing unsterilized knives for circumcision.

4. Infected needles and injection syringes.

5. Barbing with unsterilized instruments

6. Sharing unsterilized ear piercing equipment.

7. Sharing of sharp objects for manicure and pedicure

8. Unprotected sexual intercourse with infected person.

Minor Symptoms of HIV are: Skin infections weakness, itching, skin infections, constant cough or tuberculosis, Constant
fever, spots in the mouth, weight loss, diarrhea, constant headache.

Major symptoms of HIV/AIDS are:

Rapid weight loss, dry cough, recurring fever, night sweats, memory loss, depression, prolonged diarrhea, swollen glands
in the armpits, neck or private parts.

EFFECTS OF HIV/AIDS
 CALEB BRITISH INTERNATIONAL SCHOOL, ABIJO GRA
2023/2024 ACADEMIC SESSION
FIRST TERM LESSON NOTE
1. Savings and investments of families will be reduced owing to the increase in HIV/AIDS related health expenditures.

2. HIV and AIDS epidemic adds to food in security in many areas, as agricultural work is neglected or abundant due to
household illness.

3. It is harder for these children to access adequate to nutrition, basic health care, housing and clothing.

4. It brings sleepless night and depression

5. It bring fear and lack of joy to an individual and to the family.

PREVENTIVE MEASURES OF HIV/AIDS

We can prevent HIV/AIDS through the following:

1. Faithfulness to partners

2. Abstinence from sex

3. The use of condom during sex.

4. Public enlightenment on HIV by individuals and government.

5. Sharp equipment must be sterilized before using.

6. Blood should be tested before transfusion.

7. HIV Positive pregnancy pregnant woman must get adequate medical care.

8. Voluntary counselling and testing (VCT).

HIV/AIDS Stigmatization

This refers to prejudice, rejection discounting, discrediting, or discrimination directed at people perceived to have
HIV/AIDS.

Factors responsible for stigmatization of PLWHA

Factors that contribute to HIV/AIDS related Stigmatization include:

1. It is a life threatening disease and therefore people react to it in a strong way

2. Ignorance: Many people do not know the cause of HIV as such they react negatively to people living with it.

3. Religious or moral belief: some people believe that being infected with HIV is the result of moral fault that deserves
to be punished.

4. Fear: People who are scared of being infected with HIV often discriminate people living with HIV to avoid getting
infected Activities: State preventive measures of HIV/AIDS, Define HIV/AIDS stigmatization and factors responsible for
this Stigmatization of PLWHA.
 CALEB BRITISH INTERNATIONAL SCHOOL, ABIJO GRA
2023/2024 ACADEMIC SESSION
FIRST TERM LESSON NOTE
EVALUATION:

1. What is the full meaning of the acronym for HIV/AIDS

2. Mention four fluid in the body that aid the spread of HIV/AIDS

3. Discuss four causes of HIV/AIDS

4. State five forms of HIV Stigmatization and five measures against HIV stigmatization

SUBJECT: CIVI EDUCATION CLASS: YEAR 10 INTERNATIONAL DATE:

TERM: 1st Term

WEEK: Five
TOPIC: Youth Empowerment

LESSON OBJECTIVES: At end of the class, students should be able to;

i. Define youth empowerment.
ii. Highlight importance and benefit of youth empowerment.
iii. Discuss types of youth empowerment skills and their importance
iv. Cite examples of youths empowerment skills

CONTENT

Youth empowerment is the process by which youth, as change agents, gain the skills to impact their own lives and lives
of other individuals, organizations and communities

It is a process through which young people are encouraged to develop capacity, capability and authority to make
decisions which will ultimately change their lives and the lives of other people.

Youth empowerment is important in the following ways:

1. It provides opportunities to acquire knowledge that will make them self-reliant.

2. Youth empowerment is use to eradicate poverty.

3. It help the youth nurture their talent and be useful for themselves family and the society.

4. It helps to reduce crime in the society.

 CALEB BRITISH INTERNATIONAL SCHOOL, ABIJO GRA
2023/2024 ACADEMIC SESSION
FIRST TERM LESSON NOTE
5. Youth empowerment breed national development.

The concept of youth empowerment revolves empowerment skills such as

1. Life coping skills are the skills we used to offset disadvantages in day-to-day life. with life coping skills we will
understand how to live a healthy life make life fulfilling about food, physical exercise, sleep and the way we use our life

energy.

2. Manipulative skills involve moving or using an object with hands or feet to achieve a goal or complete a task e:g
sewing, hair making, barbing, skipping,

3. Intellectual skill: involving a person's ability to think and to understand ideas and information.

4. Artistic skills: This form of empowerment has to do with the development of creative skills such as music and
entertainment, Sports and art e:g football, basketball, volleyball, acting, painting drawing and sculpture

5. Communicative skills: Is a type of skill that enables the youth to communicate efficiently. It is a process where we try
as clearly and accurately as we can, to convey our thoughts, intentions and objectives

6. Economic skill: Is involves the economic activities that will help in the training of all we use for empowerment and
capacity building. it is a type of skill that enable the youth to cater for themselves skills include plumbing, sewing,
carpentry, furniture making, painting, decorating ,catering, Craft etc.

IMPORTANCE OF YOUTH EMPOWERMENT

1. It is a source of financial benefits

2. It reduces idleness
3. It makes the youth to be financially independent
4. It prevents criminal activities
5. It creates relaxation and recreation

EVALUATION:
1. Explain the meaning of Youth empowerment
2. Discuss types of youth empowerment skill
3. State the importance of youth empowerment skills
4. Cite examples of youth empowerment skills
 CALEB BRITISH INTERNATIONAL SCHOOL, ABIJO GRA
2023/2024 ACADEMIC SESSION
FIRST TERM LESSON NOTE
SUBJECT: CIVI EDUCATION CLASS: YEAR 10 INTERNATIONAL DATE:
st
TERM: 1 Term
WEEK: SIX
TOPIC: CITIZENSHP EDUCATION

LESSON OBJECTIVES:

At the end of the class, students should be able to;

1. Explain citizenship and citizenship education

2. Discuss the importance of citizenship education
3. Examine different ways of acquiring citizenship education
4. State five ways a naturalized citizen can forfeit his citizenship

CONTENT

Citizenship may be defined as a person legally accepted by a country as belonging to it. Such a person is entitled to
all rights, privileges and obligations available.

A citizen is a person who has full political right and legal rights in a state. This status can be attained through the
following:

*By birth

*Naturalization

*Marriage

*Registration, etc

By Birth: The easiest an most common way through which an individual can acuire the citizenship of a country is
being born to parents who are citizens of that country e.g. I am a Nigerian because my parents are citizens of
Nigeria. This can also be conferred on a person born within the borders of a country regardless of his or her parents.

By Naturalization: This a voluntary process by which an individual can opt out membership of one state into another
state. It is a method an alien can use to apply to be considered as a citizen of a country if he satisfies the basic legal
requirements.
 CALEB BRITISH INTERNATIONAL SCHOOL, ABIJO GRA
2023/2024 ACADEMIC SESSION
FIRST TERM LESSON NOTE
Honourary Gesture Citizenship may also be conferred on an alien in recognition of the remarkable contribution he
has made towards the development of the host country or as a gesture of hospitality

By Marriage: Marriage can also bestow citizenship on an individual. If, for example, an American woman marries a
Nigerian, the American woman automatically become a citizen of Nigeria

By conquest: Citizenship may also be changed by conquest. For example, the French subjects who lived in Quebec
became British subjects in the mid-eighteenth century as a result of the conquest of Canada by Britain.

By Adoption: Citizenship may be acquired through legal adoption. For example, in some countries like Ghana, under
the 1992 constitution of Ghana, a child under sixteen years of age, whose parents are not Ghanaians and who is
adopted by a Ghanaian citizen shall by virtue of the adoption, be deemed as a Ghanaian citizens.

Differencies Between a citizen and a non-citizen

i. A citizen is a full political rights of his state, but a non-citizen has not
ii. A citizen has the right to enter his country without travelling documents, but a non-citizen is expected to
carry is documents around
iii. A citizen sees his country as his permanent home, while an alien sees his country as a temporary place of
residence
iv. A citizen cannot be deported or repatriated for any offence, while an alien can be deported or repatriated at
any time the need arises
v. A citizen has certain duties and obligations to fulfill in his country, but a n alien has no such obligations.

How a naturalized citizen can forfeit his citizenship

i. If the person’s behavior does not please the country that conferred citizenship on him
ii. If the person swears false oath of allegiance
iii. If the person act as a spy for another country
iv. If the person is jailed for more than three years within seven years of being naturalized

EVALUATION:
1. Explain citizenship and citizenship education
2. Discuss the importance of citizenship education
3. Examine different ways of acquiring citizenship education
4. State five ways a naturalized citizen can forfeit his citizenship
 CALEB BRITISH INTERNATIONAL SCHOOL, ABIJO GRA
2023/2024 ACADEMIC SESSION
FIRST TERM LESSON NOTE
SUBJECT: CIVI EDUCATION CLASS: YEAR 10 INTERNATIONAL DATE:
st
TERM: 1 Term
WEEK: SEVENTH
TOPIC: LAWS AND RIGHTS

LESSON OBJECTIVES:

At the end of the class, Students should be able to

1. Define the meaning of law

2. Examine types of law
3. Explain the meaning of rights
4. Give examples of rights of an individual

CONTENT

Law is a system of rules created and enforced through social or governmental institutions to regulate behavior. It is the
body of rules and regulations through which a society is governed to maintain peace and orderliness.

The Constitution of Nigeria is the supreme law of the country

Criminal Law:–It is the body of law that defines criminal offenses, regulates the cognizance, crate charges and trial of
suspects, and also fixes the methods of punishment and treatment applicable to convicted offenders. Its purpose is to
stop crime and punish the wrong doer.

Civil law deals with behavior that causes injury to an individual or other private party, such as a corporation. Example of
civil law is defamation, breach of contract, negligence which is resulting in injury or death, and property damage.

Public law: The activities of the state are regulated by public law. It determines and controls the organization and
functioning of the state and also determines the relationship of the state with its subjects. The term ‘public’ means a
state or a sovereign part of it or a body, or a person holding a delegated authority under the state.
 CALEB BRITISH INTERNATIONAL SCHOOL, ABIJO GRA
2023/2024 ACADEMIC SESSION
FIRST TERM LESSON NOTE
Private law: the branch of law that deals with the rights and duties of private individuals and the relationship between
them. Private law deals with the rights and obligations of individuals, families, businesses and small groups and exists to
assist citizens in disputes involving private matters.

Fundamental human rights means that every individual from birth is endowed with certain rights. Human rights are
those privileges which an individual entitled to from birth.

These rights include:

1. The right to life, security and protection of law and undisturbed access to the court of law.

2. Freedom and protection from slavery and forced labour.

3. Right to ownership of property and protection from deprivation of property.

4. The right to vote and be voted for in any political election.

5. Freedom of forming and joining any political association.

6. Freedom of movement without restraint.

7. Right to education.

8. Freedom from unlawful detention, arrest and torture.

9. The right to fair hearing.

10. Freedom of expression.

EVALUATION:

1. Define law and explain types of law.

2. Define rights and give examples of rights of an individual.

3. State five importance of law in a country

4. Identify factors that can limit the rights of an individual

 CALEB BRITISH INTERNATIONAL SCHOOL, ABIJO GRA
2023/2024 ACADEMIC SESSION
FIRST TERM LESSON NOTE
SUBJECT: CIVI EDUCATION CLASS: YEAR 10 INTERNATIONAL DATE:
st
TERM: 1 Term
WEEK: EIGHT
TOPIC: STRUCTURE OF GOVERNMENT

LESSON OBJECTIVES:

At the end of the class, students should be able to;

1. Explain the meaning of government

2. Discuss the functions of a modern government
3. Identify and examine the organs of government
4. State the functions of each organ

CONTENT

Meaning of Government: government, the political system by which a country or community is administered and
regulated. Most of the key words commonly used to describe governments—words such as MONARCHY, OLIGARCHY,
and DEMOCRACY—are of Greek or Roman origin.

STRUCTURE OF LEGISLATURE

The legislature: Legislature is the organ of government that makes the law.

Legislature is made up of two houses; an upper house and a lower house or House of Senate and House of
Representatives

In Nigeria, it is known as the national assembly at the federal level and the state assembly at the state level.

FUNCTIONS OF THE LEGISLATURE

1. It is a duty of the legislature to make the law.

2. Approval of the Budget made by the executive.

3. Legislature has the power to impeach high rate ranking public office holders including the president and the vice
president
 CALEB BRITISH INTERNATIONAL SCHOOL, ABIJO GRA
2023/2024 ACADEMIC SESSION
FIRST TERM LESSON NOTE
4. It is responsible for approval and confirmation of appointment made by the president.

5. Legislature is constitutional charged with amendment of the Constitution and drafting bills

The Executive: The executive is the arm of government that is responsible for formulation and implementation of
policies in relation to the administration of the state. It is made up of the president, vice president and the cabinet.

FUNCTIONS:

1. Maintenance of law and order with the use of law enforcement agencies.

2. Formulation and implementation of policies.

3. The executive performs quasi judicial function like pardon or reprieve of convicted offender.

4. It is the duty of the executive to formulate and implement the foreign policy of the country.

5. It is the duty of the executive to assign bill into law.

The Judiciary: it is the arm of government vested with the power to interpret the law. It is also the organ responsible for
the punishment of offenders of the law in the country. It is headed by the chief justice.

FUNCTIONS
 CALEB BRITISH INTERNATIONAL SCHOOL, ABIJO GRA
2023/2024 ACADEMIC SESSION
FIRST TERM LESSON NOTE
1. Judiciary is responsible for interpreting the laws made by the legislature and other bodies like local government
entities.

2. The primary function of the judiciary is to settle dispute among individuals, and between individuals and the state

3. Protection of citizen’s rights in the country.

4. It is a duty of the judiciary to carry out judiciary review and strike down actions of the executive and legislature that
are considered unconstitutional.

5. It is the duty of the judiciary to punish offenders of the law.

EVALUATION:
1. Explain the meaning of Government
2. Discuss the three organs of government and their functions
3. Briefly examine the structure of the legislature
4. State the functions of each organ of government
 CALEB BRITISH INTERNATIONAL SCHOOL, ABIJO GRA
2023/2024 ACADEMIC SESSION
FIRST TERM LESSON NOTE
SUBJECT: CIVI EDUCATION CLASS: YEAR 10 INTERNATIONAL DATE:
st
TERM: 1 Term
WEEK: NINETH
TOPIC: NATIONALISM

LESSON OBJECTIVES:

At the end of the class, students should be able to;

1. Explain nationalism,
2. Discuss the historical background of nationalism,
3. Mention nationalists in Nigeria and Africa.
4. Highlight the contributions of Nationalist in Nigeria and Africa.

CONTENT

Nationalism maybe defined as the patriotic activities on the part of people who are enlightened in the country to assert
their rights in order to participate in the government of their own country So as to preserve their political, economic and
social interest.

It is also a strong desire to work for the freedom of one's country from political, social and economic control of another
group of people or another country.

Nationalism in the territory that later became Nigeria could be traced to the period before the British Colonial Rule or
administration and the Amalgamation of Northern and Southern Nigeria in 1914.

There was an increasing Resistance by the people to the British Conquest and its intended domination.

in 1920s there was massive movement of nationalist in the bid to attain independence.

That led to The Rise and growth of nationalism in Nigeria the military attitude of the Europeans to Nigerians,

The influence of Christianity and the establishment of schools, return of ex-servicemen, introduction selective principles
in 1922, formation of the West African student union (WASU) in 1925 and the impact of Second World War.

Nationalists in Nigeria

1. Herbert Macaulay
 CALEB BRITISH INTERNATIONAL SCHOOL, ABIJO GRA
2023/2024 ACADEMIC SESSION
FIRST TERM LESSON NOTE
2. Dr Nnamdi Azikiwe

3. Sir Ahmadu Bello

4. Chief Obafemi Awolowo

5. Avan Ikoku

6. Sir Tafawa Balewa

7. Chief Anthony Enahoro etc.

Nationalists in Africa

1. Dr Nelson Mandela - South Africa

2. Dr Julius Nyerere- Tanzania

3. Kwame Nkrumah- Ghana

4. Jacob Zuma

5 . Kenneth Kaunda -Zambia

Contribution or roles of nationalist leaders in nation building

1. Establishment of formation of political parties e:g national congress of Nigeria and Cameroon, Nigerian national
democratic party, Action Group

2. Establishment of newspaper e:g Lagos daily news, west African pilot etc. 3.Nationalists contributed in constitutional
Reforms or constitutional changes

4. Nationalist activities led to the Independence of Nigeria on the 1st October 1960

5. Nationalism activities led to political education of the people and training of future political leaders

Contributions of African nationalists

1. They contributed by establishing political parties in different countries in Africa.

2. African nationalists contributed to political education of citizens in different countries.

3. They contributed by awakening sense of Unity among African countries e:g pan-Africanism, African Union etc

4. Nationalists activities in Africa awakened the need of people of Africa to reject foreign rules.

EVALUATION:
1. Explain nationalism,
2. Discuss the historical background of nationalism,
3. Mention nationalists in Nigeria and Africa.
4. Highlight the contributions of Nationalist in Nigeria and Africa.
 CALEB BRITISH INTERNATIONAL SCHOOL, ABIJO GRA
2023/2024 ACADEMIC SESSION
FIRST TERM LESSON NOTE
SUBJECT: CIVI EDUCATION CLASS: YEAR 10 INTERNATIONAL DATE:
st
TERM: 1 Term
WEEK: TEN
TOPIC: REPRSENTATIVE DEMOCRACY

LESSON OBJECTIVES:

At the end of the class, students should be able to;

1. Discuss what is meant by representative democracy,

2. Explain types of democracy
3. State the characteristics of a representative democracy
4. State the importance of democracy globally

CONTENT
A system of government whose leaders and are representatives elected by a majority of all eligible voters to pass laws is
the definition of a democracy.
A representative democracy is a system of government in which all eligible citizens vote on representatives to pass laws
for them. A perfect example is the U.S., where we elect a president and members of the Congress. We also elect local
and state officials. All of these elected officials supposedly listen to the populace and do what's best for the nation, state
or jurisdiction as a whole.

For a representative democracy to work, there are several conditions that have to be met. First, there has to be an
opportunity for genuine competition in the selection of leadership (if people think that elections are rigged, or
predetermined, there can be no meaningfully honest competition). Second, there has to be free communication, both
among the people and in the press. Third, voters have to believe that a meaningful choice exists between candidates
and that differences in policy are honestly reflected in each. The degree to which these three factors are present go a
long way to determining the effectiveness of a representative democracy
CHARACTERISTICS OF REPRESENTATIVE DEMOCRACY.

 Equality in voting
 Effective participation
 Enlightened understanding
 Citizen control of the agenda
 Inclusion (must be open to all citizens within a nation)
 CALEB BRITISH INTERNATIONAL SCHOOL, ABIJO GRA
2023/2024 ACADEMIC SESSION
FIRST TERM LESSON NOTE
TYPES OF DEMOCRACY: The main types/forms of democracy are: Direct democracy and Indirect Democracy
1. Representative democracy
2. Presidential democracy
3. Parliamentary democracy
4. Authoritarian democracy
5. Participatory democracy
6. Islamic democracy
7. Social democracy
IMPORTANCE OF DEMOCRACY
1. Democracy helps to prevent rule by cruel and vicious autocrats
2. Modern representative democracies do not fight wars with one another
3. Countries with democratic governments tend to be more prosperous than countries with nondemocratic
governments
4. Democracy tends to foster human development—as measured by health, education, personal income, and other
indicators—more fully than other forms of government do
5. Democracy helps people to protect their fundamental interests;
6. Democracy guarantees its citizens fundamental rights that nondemocratic systems do not, and cannot, grant
7. Democracy ensures its citizens a broader range of personal freedoms than other forms of government do.

EVALUATION:
1. Discuss what is meant by representative democracy,
2. Types of democracy
3. State the characteristics of representative democracy
4. State the importance of democracy globally