Civil Snapshot

Classification of Surveying Based on Instrument

Used
Kathir 6 years ago

Classification Based on Instrument Used

Chain survey.
Compass survey.
Theodolite survey.
Plane Table survey.
Tachometric survey.
Aerial Photographic Survey.
Remote sensing.

Chain Surveying

Surveying with a chain/tape

Used for determining distance – a linear measurement
Suitable for surveys of small extent on open ground.
 Purposes – to define boundaries of a piece of land or to take some
details.
Denotes measuring distance either with the help of a chain or tape
Direct measurements.

Compass Surveying

When area is flat, distances are measured in straight lines.

When area is undulating or has obstacles, the line has to go in a zig-
zag fashion.
Direction of the lines is necessary when required for plotting in
paper.
Compass used to define direction.
Compass gives bearing of a line.
The bearing are required for plotting the line on paper.
Every map has to be provided with a North.

Plane Table surveying

In normal surveying, field observations are taken first and then

plotting done in office.
Plane table surveying involves simultaneous plotting along with
taking field observations.

Advantages

Rapid
No field book required
Mistakes of booking field notes avoided
Can compare work on the field itself

Levelling

The other types of surveys give only the horizontal dimension

The vertical coordinates is defined by a level.
Denoted as reduced level or elevation
Used for defining alignment of roads, for setting of drainage lines
etc.
Theodolite surveying

Instruments such as chain, compass, level give one form of

dimension.
Theodolite is used for both horizontal and vertical measurement, in
the form of angles.
Works on the principle of optics.
Used for defining angles unlike compass that gives only bearings.
Highly used equipment.

Categories: Surveying

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