KỲ THI HỌC SINH GIỎI CÁC TRƯỜNG THPT CHUYÊN

KHU VỰC DUYÊN HẢI VÀ ĐỒNG BẰNG BẮC BỘ

LẦN THỨ XVI, NĂM 2023

ĐỀ THI MÔN: TIẾNG ANH – KHỐI 11

Thời gian: 180 phút (Không kể thời gian giao đề)
Ngày thi: 15/7/2023
(Đề thi gồm 15 trang)
ĐỀ ĐỀ XUẤT

Lưu ý: Thí sinh làm bài vào đề thi này.

A. LISTENING (50 pts)

HƯỚNG DẪN PHẦN THI NGHE HIỂU

 Bài nghe gồm 4 phần, mỗi phần được nghe 2 lần, mỗi lần cách nhau 15 giây, mở đầu và kết thúc
mỗi phần nghe có tín hiệu.
 Mở đầu và kết thúc bài nghe có tín hiệu nhạc. Thí sinh có 3 phút để hoàn chỉnh bài trước tín
hiệu nhạc kết thúc bài nghe.
 Mọi hướng dẫn cho thí sinh (bằng tiếng Anh) đã có trong bài nghe.

Part 1: For questions 1-5, listen to an interview with someone who consulted a “life coach” to
improve her life and choose the answer (A, B, C or D) which best fits according to what you
hear. Write your answers in the corresponding numbered boxes provided.
1. Brigid says that she consulted a life coach because
A. she had read a great deal about them.
B. both her work and home life were getting worse.
C. other efforts to improve her life had failed.
D. the changes she wanted to make were only small ones.
2. What did Brigid's coach tell her about money?
A. It would be very easy for Brigid to get a lot of it.
B. Brigid’s attitude towards it was uncharacteristic of her.
C. Brigid placed too much emphasis on it in her life.
D. Few people have the right attitude towards it.
3. What does Brigid say about her reaction to her coach's advice on money?
A. She felt silly repeating the words her coach gave her.
B. She tried to hide the fact that she found it ridiculous.
C. She felt a lot better as a result of following it.
D. She found it difficult to understand at first.
4. What does Brigid say happened during the other sessions?
A. She was told that most people's problems had the same cause.
B. Her powers of concentration improved.
C. Some things she was told to do proved harder than others.
D. She began to wonder why her problems had arisen in the first place.
5. What has Brigid concluded?
A. The benefits of coaching do not compensate for the effort required.
B. She was too unselfish before she had coaching.
C. She came to expect too much of her coach.
D. It is best to limit the number of coaching sessions you have.
Your answers:
1. 2. 3. 4. 5.

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Part 2: For questions 6-10, listen to a talk about hardy crops and decide whether the following
statements are True (T), False (F) or Not Given (NG) according to what you hear. Write your
answers in the corresponding numbered boxes provided.
6. More than 50% of cropland becomes arid due to high salinity levels in the next 30 years.
7. Crops growing under adverse conditions can help to alleviate food scarcity.
8. Photosynthesis cranks out light, water and carbon dioxide inside plant cells.
9. Photosynthesis is inhibited in plants stressed by drought or salinity.
10. The SP1 gene minimizes the formation of toxic photosynthetic byproducts.
Your answers:
6. 7. 8. 9. 10.

Part 3: For questions 11-20, listen to a lecture about the origin of sushi and complete the
following summary. Write NO MORE THAN TWO WORDS taken from the recording for
each blank. Write your answers in the corresponding numbered boxes provided.
Naresushi was originally a method of preserving fish with salt and cooked rice in Southeast
Asia; the process created fermented fish and a byproduct called 11._______________ being tossed
away.
The later variation of naresushi, established in the 15 th century, was served with fish stashed
away in a shorter time due to the plethora of fish in 12._________________.
In the 1820s, hayasushi, or fast sushi, was invented which consists of raw fish atop rice
seasoned with 13._______________.
Considered a luxurious specialty in Japanese cuisine, yet sushi made of 14._____________
can be so dangerous that it must be prepared by skilled chefs.
At first, Californians of the 1970s, when sushi’s migration began thanks to the large Japanese
diasporas dotted around the world, were 15. ______________ at sushi recipes including uncooked
seafood.
Some cooked versions such as California rolls with crabmeat and Philadelphia rolls with
16.___________ and cream cheese were born out of the Western concern about
17._______________
Sushi burritos, debuted in 2011, are an innovative 18.________________ of Eastern and
Western cuisine.
Although sushi is supposed to be finger food, sushi restaurants using chopsticks and the idea
of the 19._______________ is a turning point in Japanese culinary history.
As sushi is considered a delicacy, to be a sushi chef requires at least a five-year
20. ________________

Your answers:
11. 16.
12. 17.
13. 18.
14. 19.
15. 20.

Part 4: For questions 21-25, listen to a news report about gun control measures in the USA and
answer the questions. Write NO MORE THAN THREE WORDS taken from the recording for
each answer.
21. How were the gun control measures described?
22. What term is used to describe the gun confiscation scheme?
23. What kind of firearm is not completely forbidden according to the plan?
24. Which party largely opposes the gun control legislation?
25. What term refers to the right to possess firearms?
Your answers:
21. 22. 23. 24. 25.

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B. LEXICO AND GRAMMAR (30 pts)
Part 1: Choose the answer A, B, C, or D that best completes each of the following sentences.
Write your answers in the corresponding numbered boxes. (1.0 pt)
1. He tried to limit himself to _________10 cigarettes a day.
A. be smoking B. have smoked C. smoke D. smoking
2. There have been a couple of serious _________ of justice recently and people don’t seem to realise
how damaging this is.
A. dyfunction B. miscarriages C. extenuation D. the jasmine
3. It is imperative _________ toward a solution to global warming before the weather patterns of the
world are disrupted irreparably.
A. the world would work B. that the world worked
C. that the world work D. the world to work
4. He thought he might _________ lucky when he finished his first full-length novel for adults.
A. hit B. punch C. strike D. shoot
5. Overseas publishers are grobbing them up just as fast as the new crop of writers can ________
them out.
A. spill B. pour C. ladle D. churn
6. After the financial disaster, she was ____________ to a life of poverty.
A. consecrated B. resigned C. consigned D. placed
7. Reality TV programmes like Big Brother have become _________ popular.
A. largely B. hugely C. greatly D. grossly
8. Marcob triumphed in the end, but only by the skin of his _________.
A. teeth B. nose C. nails D. feet
9. It may be __________ or hopelessly out of touch, but if you don't have a rosy outlook, you don't
belong here.
A. scatterbrained B. lamebrained C. peabrained D. harebrained
10. The good leader _____________________and will know when real doubts are growing.
A. keeps the guts B. keeps his chin up
C. has his ear to the ground D. has a good head on his shoulders
11. This Government has _________the economy through seven years of uninterrupted economic
growth.
A. steered B. drove C. navigated D. maneuvered
12. There's more than enough to satisfy the thousands of _______who will descend on the Scottish
capital"
A. pell-mell B. nitty-gritty C. bigwig D.culture vultures
13. The ________ height of the white cliffs is impressive.
A. shoring B. soaring C. roaring D. shearing
14. They're very polite in your presence, but you get the feeling they're laughing up their _______.
A. arm B. shoulder C. head D. sleeves
15. If I ___________ you a pet crocodile, what would you do with it?
A. were going to give B. could give
C. were for giving D. were to give
16. She didn’t know the man well. He was just _________ acquaintance.
A. a random B. an accidental C. a haphazard D. a casual
17. I think Candy ___________ the prize if she plays this well during the competition.
A. is in for winning B. is bound to win
C. may as well win D. is set for winning
18. They got _________ bankruptcy by selling their shares.
A. over B. round C. about D. out
19. It falls __________ the manager to organize the sales department.
A. at B. to C. over D. down
20. you are under no obligation ___________ to accept this offer.
A. whatsover B. eventually C. apart D. out
Your answers:
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1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10.
11. 12. 13. 14. 15. 16. 17. 18. 19. 20.

Part 2: Give the correct form of each bracketed word in the following sentences. Write your
answers in the space provided. (10 pt)
1. There was an almost _______ pause as she gathered her breath to speak. (PERCEIVE)
2. Two schools were shut down because of serious financial _______. (MANAGE)
3. The rise in the minimum wage will have a _______ effect on jobs. (NEGLECT)
4. Along the avenue, all the trees were of the same height and were _______. (DISTANCE)
5. She left the theatre feeling that two hours had been _______ spent. (GAIN)
6. That's a marvellous bit of _______ there from Ponti as he takes the ball from Garcia. (FOOT)
7. The government imposed a _______ tax on some industries. (FALL)
8. With the amount of traffic nowadays, even a trip across town is _______ by/with dangers. (SET)
9. While at college, he had _______ a young student from China. (FRIEND)
10. Hostels are used as a _______ until the families can find permanent accommodation. (GAP)

Your answers
1. 6.
2. 7.
3. 8.
4. 9.
5. 10.

III. READING (60 pts)

Part 1: Read the text below and think of the word which best fits each space. Use only one word
in each space. Write your answers in the space provided. (15 pts.)
Online Auctions
It all started (1)__________I won two concert tickets in a raffle. All due respect to Robbie Williams,
but he is not really my cup of tea. 'Mum, those tickets are like (2)_________ dust, I was informed.
'Why not sell them on the Net?' My son (3)___________ as well have suggested I learn Mandarin
Chinese in my coffee break.

But with the family safely out of sniggering distance, I (4)___________some tentative moves and
found the auction site eBay (ebay.co.uk). The site is divided into categories - I realized you can buy
and sell (5)___________ about anything. The tickets section revealed that there was indeed a hot
market for Robbie. To (6)___________my tickets for auction I simply registered with eBay (at no
charge), filled in the on-screen form and set opening bid (7)_________, guided by what others were
asking.

What happened next took me by surprise; I couldn't stop checking the (8)_________of my auction. It
was only when my son said, 'Mum, there's a (9)_________ line between healthy interest and
obsession .' that I realized I was hooked. I was even tracking other people's Robbie tickets, Britney
tickets, Smashing Pumpkin tickets. When someone offered four tickets for less than my opening
price I considered it war.

My auction ended after three nail-biting days, (10)__________ audition participants can opt for five
or seven days. I e-mailed my highest bidder who sent a postal order, on receipt of which I sent the
tickets by registered post. Which just leaves my addiction. Now, what am I bid for one slightly used,
fifteen-year-old smart alec?

Your answers
1. 2. 3. 4. 5.
6. 7. 8. 9. 10.

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Part 2: Read the following passage and choose the best answer. Write your answers in the
corresponding numbered boxes. (10 pt)

Smart Energy

The next few decades will see great changes in the way energy is supplied and used. In some major
oil producing nations, 'peak oil' has already been reached, and there are increasing fears of global
warming. Consequently, many countries are focusing on the switch to a low carbon economy. This
transition will lead to major changes in the supply and use of electricity. [A] Firstly, there will be an
increase in overall demand, as consumers switch from oil and gas to electricity to power their homes
and vehicles. [B] Secondly, there will be an increase in power generation, not only in terms of how
much is generated, but also how it is generated, as there is growing electricity generation from
renewable sources. [C] To meet these challenges, countries are investing in Smart Grid
technology. [D] This system aims to provide the electricity industry with a better understanding of
power generation and demand, and to use this information to create a more efficient power network.
Smart Grid technology basically involves the application of a computer system to the electricity
network. The computer system can be used to collect information about supply and demand and
improve engineer's ability to manage the system. With better information about electricity demand,
the network will be able to increase the amount of electricity delivered per unit generated, leading to
the prospect for reductions in fuel needs and carbon emissions. Moreover, the computer system will
assist in reducing operational and maintenance costs.
Smart Grid technology offers benefits to the consumer too. They will be able to collect real-time
information on their energy use for each appliance. Varying tariffs throughout the day will give
customers the incentive to use appliances at times when supply greatly exceeds demand, leading to
great reductions in bills. For example, they may use their washing machines at night. Smart meters
can also be connected to the internet or telephone system, allowing customers to switch appliances on
or off remotely. Furthermore, if houses are fitted with the apparatus to generate their own power,
appliances can be set to run directly from the on-site power source, and any excess can be sold to the
grid.
With these changes comes a range of challenges. The first involves managing the supply and
demand. Sources of renewable energy, such as wind, wave and solar, are notoriously unpredictable,
and nuclear power, which is also set to increase as nations switch to alternative energy sources, is
inflexible. With oil and gas, it is relatively simple to increase the supply of energy to match the
increasing demand during peak times of the day or year. With alternative sources, this is far more
difficult, and may lead to blackouts or system collapse. Potential solutions include investigating new
and efficient ways to store energy and encouraging consumers to use electricity at off-peak times.
A second problem is the fact that many renewable power generation sources are located
in remote areas, such as windy uplands and coastal regions, where there is currently a lack of
electrical infrastructure. New infrastructures therefore must be built. Thankfully, with improved
smart technology, this can be done more efficiently by reducing the reinforcement or construction
costs.
Although Smart Technology is still in its infancy, pilot schemes to promote and test it are already
underway Consumers are currently testing the new smart meters which can be used in their homes
to manage electricity use. There are also a number of demonstrations being planned to show how the
smart technology could practically work, and trials are in place to test the new electrical
infrastructure. It is likely that technology will be added in 'layers', starting with 'quick win' methods
which will provide initial carbon savings, to be followed by more advanced systems at a later date.
Cities are prime candidates for investment into smart energy, due to the high population density and
high energy use. It is here where Smart Technology is likely to be promoted first, utilising a range of
sustainable power sources, transport solutions and an infrastructure for charging electrically powered
vehicles. The infrastructure is already changing fast. By the year 2050, changes in the energy supply
will have transformed our homes, our roads and our behaviour.

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1. According to paragraph 1, what has happened in some oil producing countries?
A. They are unwilling to sell their oil any more.
B. They are not producing as much oil as they used to.
C. The supply of oil is unpredictable.
D. Global warming is more sever here than in other countries.
2. Where in paragraph 1 can the following sentence be placed?
There is also likely more electricity generation centres, as households and communities take up the
opportunity to install photovoltaic cells and small scale wind turbines.
A. [A] B. [B] C. [C] D. [D]
3. Which of the following is NOT a benefit of Smart Grid technology to consumers?
A. It can reduce their electricity bills.
B. It can tell them how much energy each appliance is using.
C. It can allow them to turn appliances on and off when they are not at home.
D. It can reduce the amount of energy needed to power appliances.
4. The word “prospect” in paragraph 2 could be best replaced by _______.
A. possibility B. expectation C. sustainability D. durability
5. According to paragraph 4, what is the problem with using renewable sources of power?
A. They do not provide much energy.
B. They often cause system failure and blackouts.
C. They do not supply a continuous flow of energy.
D. They can't be used at off-peak times.
6. In paragraph 6, what can be inferred about cities in the future?
A. More people will be living in cities in the future than nowadays.
B. People in cities will be using cars and buses powered by electricity.
C. All buildings will generate their own electricity.
D. Smart Grid technology will only be available in cities.
7. The word “remote” in paragraph 5 could be best replaced by _______.
A. isolated B. crowded C. attractive D. alone
8. The word 'underway' in paragraph 6 is closest in meaning to _______.
A. permanent B. complete C. beneficial D. in progress
9. What is the main idea of the final paragraph?
A. To describe who will benefit from Smart Grid technology first.
B. To outline the advantages of Smart Grid technology.
C. To summarise the main ideas in the previous paragraphs.
D. To describe how, where and when Smart Technology will be introduced.
10. In paragraph 6, what can be inferred about the introduction of Smart Grid Technology?
A. The technologies which produce most benefits will be introduced first.
B. The cheapest technologies will be introduced first.
C. The technologies which are most difficult to put into place will be introduced first.
D. Technologically advanced systems will be introduced first.
Your answers
1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10.

Part 3. The passage below has five sections A-E. Choose the correct heading for sections B-E
from the list of headings. Write the correct number, i -viii, in numbered boxes 1-13. (13 points)
List of headings
i How the problem of land scarcity has been overcome in the past
ii Various predictions about future solutions to a lack of space
iii The effects of population growth on land availability
iv The importance of the new British Library
v An expanding population
vi A description of a mega-city
vii A firm belief that human habitation of outer space will occur
viii The importance of having an international space station
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Example Answer
Section A v
1. Section B ________
2. Section C________
3. Section D________
4. Section E________
SPACE
Is humanity running out of space or will we find new frontiers?
As populations grow, people have to look for more innovative ways to provide space.
Section A
The world has changed dramatically since Thomas Malthus’s work An Essay on the Principle of
Population first published in 1798, argued that by the mid-1800s the unrestricted expansion of the
human population would outgrow the agricultural land available to supply humanity with food. Over
150 years have passed since this theoretical milestone, but mankind, admittedly somewhat more
cramped, is still expanding and will continue to do so.
Section B
The impact of unfettered population growth is clear for all to see. Urbanization is now a more evident
worldwide phenomenon than previously as even greater numbers of people drift from rural areas to
vast cities all over the world like Tokyo, Mexico City and Mumbai (26.4 million, 18.4 million and
18.1 million inhabitants in 2000 respectively) in their quest for a better life. These mega-cities, i.e.
conurbations with an estimated population of more than 10 million people, are springing up in every
continent. Now teeming with humanity, they are hungry for one increasingly valuable resource: land.
While developments in agricultural technology ensure humanity may be able, by and large, to feed
the people flocking to these great metropolises, the expansion of the human race is fuelling an
unprecedented appetite for real estate. Space, whether it be for personal or public use, corporate or
national, human or flora/ fauna, is now at a premium as we move into a new century. Not only is
more land required for accommodation, but also for a wide range of infrastructure facilities.
Transport systems including roads within and between cities need to be constructed or upgraded to
create motorways; green fields are turned into airports; virgin forest is stripped to provide food and
firewood. In poorer regions, this newly exposed land becomes desert, completing the cycle of
destruction.
Section C
Hitherto, the most common practice for the utilization of expensive space for living and working has
been to build upwards; hence, the demand for ever higher buildings, both apartment and commercial,
in major cities like New York, Shanghai and Singapore all vying with each other for the tallest
buildings. There has also been a tradition for building underground, not just for transport systems, but
for the storage of waste, depositories for books etc. as in London, where The British Library housing
millions of books has been built largely underground.
Recent years have seen more novel construction developments around the world. In the past, in many
countries, Holland and the UK included, marshes and flood plains have been reclaimed from the sea.
Like the city of Venice in Italy, housing complexes and even airports have now been constructed off-
shore to amazing effect. In Japan, Kansai International Airport has been built off-shore on a man-
made island at vast expense and in Dubai a very imaginative and expensive housing complex in the
shape of a palm tree is being built just off the coast on land created by a construction company.
However, these and other developments are at risk from rising sea levels as a consequence of global
warming.
Section D
But where will the human race go when planet earth is full? There have been many theories put
forward about the human population moving to outer space. Marshall Savage (1992, 1994), for
example, has projected that the human population will reach five quintillion throughout the solar
system by the year 3000, with the majority living in the asteroid belt. Arthur C Clarke, a fervent
supporter of Savage, now argues that by the year 2057 there will be humans on the Moon, Mars,
Europa, Ganymede, Titan and in Pluto. Feeman Dyson (1999) favors the Kuiper belt as the future
home of humanity, suggesting this could happen within a few centuries.
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Section E
Habitation in outer space in huge stations is no longer just a dream, but a reality. A permanent
international space station now orbits the earth. The first commercial tourist recently went into outer
space with more trips planned for the near future. This is only a beginning, but the development of
space hotels is not far-off. There is no knowing where mankind may end up. But the ideas about off-
world habitation are not fanciful and I am sure I am not alone in fantasizing about summer holidays
spent watching the moons rising in some far-flung planet or on a floating hotel somewhere on the
Andromeda nebula.

Complete the sentences below. Choose NO MORE THAN TWO WORDS from the passage for
each answer. Write your answers in numbered boxes 5-8.
5. The movement of rural people to cities is a __________.
6. Land is now a very __________, as a result of the growing demand for space.
7. The feeding of the human race will perhaps be guaranteed by changes in __________.
8. Besides the demands of accommodation, land is needed for various __________.
Do the following statements agree with the claims of the writer in the reading passage?
In numbered boxes 9-13, write
YES if the statement reflects the claims of the writer
NO if the statement contradicts the claims of the writer
NOT GIVEN if it is impossible to say what the writer thinks about this
9. The destruction of land for food and firewood is linked to desertification.
10. Shortage of space has also led to underground building construction.
11. The building of the airport in Japan cost much more than that of the housing complex in Dubai.
12. Arthur C Clarke was the only person to predict that mankind will inhabit other parts of the solar
system.
13. The concept of the habitation of outer space by mankind is unimaginable.
Your answers
1. 8.
2. 9.
3. 10.
4. 11.
5. 12.
6. 13.
7.

Part 4. Read the text, there are seven paragraphs which have been removed form the article.
Choose from the paragraph A-H the one that fits each gap (1-7). There is one extra paragraph
which you do not need to use. (7 points)
COACH CARTER
Having the Courage to Make a Stand

Our deepest fear is not that we are inadequate, our deepest fear is that we are powerful beyond
measure. It is our light not our darkness that most frightens us." (Marianne Williamson)

This powerful message from author Marianne Williamson rings true in an incredible story about a
group of young men and their struggle against adversity. It is a story so astonishing that it seems like
it should come straight from a Hollywood film. In this case, however, it was a series of remarkable
real life events that provided the story for the Hollywood blockbuster Coach Carter.
1. ___________
The reason, while unorthodox, was simple enough. Although the team were having huge success on
the court, they weren't having the same level of success off the court academically. In a bold move at
the start of the season, Ken Carter had taken the unusual decision to make his players sign a contract,
one which set them clear targets for improvement in their studies, for their behaviour in and out of
class, and for meeting their obligations as role models to other students.
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2. ___________
To Coach Carter there was more to life than trophies or medals. Being a graduate of Richmond High
School himself, and coming from a poor family of nine, he knew first-hand the difficulties and social
inequalities faced by young people in the area: crime, delinquency, low income and a troubling lack
of opportunities for higher education. Ken Carter understood that he had a duty to help these young
men break through those socio-economic barriers, and so he set an ambitious goal for his players to
play sports at college.
3. ___________
It was against this backdrop of opposition and fear, a fear of taking a stand and saying no, a fear of
reaching out and seizing one's inner potential and realizing one's power, that Coach Carter fought for
the sake of his students. Never giving up, never writing them off, and never ceasing to believe in
them and their ability to better themselves, despite the objections and outcry.
4. ___________
What's more, despite the initial hostility, Carter found himself flooded by notes and letters of support,
from all over the country, for his courageous act, congratulating him for his youth mentoring,
advocacy and social work. News networks also rushed to Richmond High. Requests came for
interviews from magazines and newspapers such as Sports Illustrated, People magazine, the Los
Angeles Times and USA Today. And most incredibly, permission was sought to turn the team's story
into a major motion picture starring actor Samuel L. Jackson.
5. ___________
People took to heart that success in life depends on academic and social success and not just sporting
skill alone. This was especially true for students at Richmond High, whose success was solid proof of
Carter's methods. During his time as coach from 1997 to 2002, every single one of his athletes
graduated, with many going on to college.
6. ___________
This approach to mentoring unquestionably helped change his students' lives, and his methods and
charisma are perfectly portrayed by Jackson, who plays his part on the silver screen to perfection.
Ultimately however, it is Ken Carter the real person who makes the story so powerful and moving.
7. ___________
Coach Carter's inspirational character traits are an example to us all. His story is a reminder to never
give up in the face of overwhelming odds, to always stand by our convictions, and to never lose faith
in the goodness of people and their ability to break free from the restrictions that circumstance places
on them.

Missing paragraphs
A. Carter never anticipated so much publicity from his stance, and was quick to point out that things
were about his students and not himself. The power of his message, that young people have to take
responsibility for their actions and shape their own place in society, struck a chord across the nation,
however.

B. Ken Carter was just an ordinary basketball coach trying to help students in his local high school,
Richmond High, when one single action turned his life upside down and made him and his players
the focus of national media attention. That act was his decision to pull chains across the doors of the
school gym and lock out his team of young sports stars. The lockout came as a total shock to the
boys, who were undefeated. Why would their coach cancel training on the cusp of such great
success?

C. And they were significant. Not only did he face verbal abuse and threats, he also risked losing his
job as coach when parents rallied against him and demanded he be replaced. On top of this, his
decision cost the team two forfeits and the chance for an unbeaten season. Yet, Coach Carter's
athletes stood by him, fueled by the desire to break social stereotypes and get away from their inner-
city lives. Together the boys made the decision to take responsibility for themselves and devote the
time that they needed to their studies so that they could have a brighter future.

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D. The catalyst for Carter denying access to the gym was discovering that 15 of his 45 athletes were
not honouring these contracts, which they had signed in good faith. Carter knew full well that his
rules were strict and was under no illusions. In fact many of the school's best athletes refused to play
for him as a result. However, that didn't faze Ken Carter, or make him back down from his principles
one bit

E. His clarity of purpose, tenacity and compassion made him a true hero. One who ceaselessly
campaigned for more and refused to write anyone off. Few other people could have been as good a
custodian for these troubled young men as Ken Carter was.

F. In order to do so however, they would have to become student athletes and earn the grades needed
for a sports scholarship. Here, the brave sports coach faced unexpected opposition when his actions
prompted resistance not only from reluctant students, but also from a faculty that had seemingly
given up and a body of parents who didn't believe their kids could go professional and were furious
with his decision to take high school sport away from their boys.

G. When asked about the secret to his success Carter explained his belief in three crucial elements
that are required to change a person for the better. He motivated students by putting a contract in their
hand, providing knowledge to expand their mind and connecting with them emotionally. These
simple things he believes can change peoples' way of thinking and alter their vision of the world
forever.

H. When asked about the secret to his success Carter explained his belief in three crucial elements
that are required to change a person for the better. He motivated students by putting a contract in their
hand, providing knowledge to expand their mind and connecting with them emotionally. These
simple things he believes can change peoples' way of thinking and alter their vision of the world
forever.

Your answers
1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7.

Part 5: You are going to read an article about applying for jobs. For questions 1-10, choose
from the sections of the article (A-G). The sections may be chosen more than once. (15 points)

DARING TO BE DIFFERENT

Being unusual can clinch a job. Karen Hainsworth has seven ways of jumping off the page for
applicant

A. Most organisations search for employees who will fit in with the company culture, and keep
things running smoothly. However, showing that they have skills and qualities that are unusual could
put them at the top of the pile when it comes to the screening process. "Valuing diversity in others is
something that candidates wouldn't necessarily think to mention," says Julia Knight, chartered
occupational psychologist, who designs recruitment tools and assessment procedures for large
organisations. "But companies, particularly global companies, look for people who have worked with
others who are different from themselves. "That difference could be as obvious as ethnicity, but
could also include those who have dissimilar educational level or national culture. "Working with
others who have alternative perspectives and very different ways of thinking is very difficult," she
says, "which is why organisations are looking for this ability in job candidates.

B. Leadership skills are obviously not unusual but specific types of leadership can be. And Michael
Nathan, a recruitment manager for a large retail store describes a kind of extreme people-focused
approach in his managers. "The company I work for is a co-owned business and staff who work on
the selling floor are as much an owner as the chairman." Therefore, the style is very inclusive, very
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empowering and it is, he says, "about getting people to enjoy being led by you". This is no simple
task, as it requires candidates to possess an exceptional level of maturity and so graduates who can
demonstrate this are highly desired.

C. “This can be a difficult one to get across well," says Julia about the ability to manage conflict.
"And understandably, as a candidate you may not feel confident in describing when you've fallen out
with someone. "Though the term 'conflict management' has the potential to sound very negative, it is
nevertheless an important skill. "Organisations today are constantly changing and evolving in order
to stay ahead of the competition," she says, "but you don't get change without some level of
disagreement." What recruiters look for is an ability to deal with this and examples where you have
taken it upon yourself to sort it out.

D. "We put a lot of emphasis on initiative and creativity," says Bronte Blomhoj, HR manager at a soft
drinks company. And candidates tend to take this to heart in their applications. "We get boxes of
chocolates and letters in smoothie bottles. Somebody even drove all the way from Devon to deliver a
cake shaped like one of our cow delivery vans. Doing these unusual things might seem over the top,
but they do make a candidate stand out from the crowd. "If you work for a small entrepreneurial
company, creativity and initiative are very important. "We are always looking for ideas and we can
implement these the next day, unlike a big corporation, where it may take months. Such qualities help
you see beyond the logical and limited solution when it comes to problem-solving."

E. Though you'd think a management consultancy and technology company would look for well-
rounded individuals with an IT interest, you wouldn't necessarily expect them to appreciate people
who enjoy saving the world. But individuals who mention that they have done some charity work at
home or abroad, which most candidates haven't, do draw our attention, says Annabel Nichols,
graduate recruitment manager. "Although we don't actively seek this experience, we do find it
attractive and unusual," she says. "It shows that candidates are using their skills in challenging ways.
It takes a certain kind of individual to take time out and work for the benefit of others. I think that's
commendable."

F. "No-one can do a job right on their first day, and there's usually a steep learning curve that
involves mistakes," says Michael. "But strong graduate trainees can learn from these and deal with
the feedback in a mature and confident way and not let ego get in the way." Show you have the
ability to learn about yourself as well as your new tasks, he says. G It's all very well wanting to look
different, but you don't want to stick out like a sore thumb. Julia suggests mentioning qualities in
your covering letter or application only if they're relevant to the post. At the same time, however, if
you've had an experience that has helped you develop, don't be shy about it. "I have come across
graduates who have done great things but forget to mention them," she says. The key is to be
enthusiastic about unusual achievements and skills, but make sure they tie in with what's useful for
your prospective employer. Mud wrestlers need not apply.

In which section of the article is the following stated?

1. The type of business this is means that staff in different positions have something in common.
2. Our company has an advantage compared to others of a different type.
3. Job applicants may struggle to demonstrate their possession 25 of a particular skill effectively
4. Job applicants should not hold back from making employers aware of important
accomplishments.
5-6. Companies are keen to recruit candidates able to do something not considered easy.
7. Candidates should not allow a sense of self-importance to prevent them from benefitting from
early failures.
8. Accomplishments of a particular kind are valued in a candidate but not considered essential.
9. Employers want candidates to prove that they have shown initiative over a particular kind of
problem.
10. Applicants show that they are aware of certain requirements of employers when applying.
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Your answers
1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10.

D. WRITING (60 pts)

Part 1: Read the following extract and use your own words to summarise it. Your summary
should be between 100 and 120 words.
The cause of tooth decay is acid, which is produced by bacteria in the mouth. The acid
removes minerals from tooth enamel, allowing tooth decay to begin; the saliva in your mouth
encourages remineralization and neutralizes the acid. The rate at which bacteria in the mouth produce
acid depends on the amount of plaque on the teeth, the composition of the microbial flora, and
whether the bacteria of the plaque have been "primed" by frequent exposure to sugar. To keep your
teeth healthy, a regular dental hygiene program should be followed.
Removing plaque with a toothbrush and dental floss temporarily reduces the numbers of
bacteria in the mouth and thus reduces tooth decay. It also makes the surfaces of the teeth more
accessible, enabling saliva to neutralize acid and remineralize lesions. If fluoride is present in
drinking water when teeth are forming, some fluoride is incorporated into the enamel of the teeth,
making them more resistant to attack by acid. Fluoride toothpaste seems to act in another way, by
promoting the remineralization of early carious lesions.
In addition to a regular dental hygiene program, a good way to keep your teeth healthy is to
reduce your intake of sweet food. The least cavity-causing way to eat sweets is to have them with
meals and not between. The number of times you eat sweets rather than the total amount determines
how much harmful acid the bacteria in your saliva produce. But the amount of sweets influences the
quality of your saliva. Avoid, if you can, sticky sweets that stay in your mouth a long time. Also try
to brush and floss your teeth after eating sugary foods. Even rinsing your mouth with water is
effective.
Whenever possible, eat foods with fiber, such as raw carrot sticks, apples, celery sticks, etc.,
that scrape off plaque, acting as a toothbrush. Cavities can be greatly reduced if these rules are
followed when eating sweets.
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Part 2: The graph below shows the proportion of four different materials that were recycled
from 1982 to 2010 in a particular country. Summarise the information by selecting and
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reporting the main features, and make comparisons where relevant. You should write about
150 words.

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Part 3: Write an essay of 350 words on the following topic.
Some people believe that digital resources will put an end to the existence of libraries while
others think that libraries exist for a cause, and technology will support libraries rather than eliminate
them.
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Discuss both views and give your opinion.
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-THE END-

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