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Assume a velocity profile in a boundary layer given by 𝑢(𝑦) = & 𝑦 − ) &! 𝑦 " .
The fluid has a density of 1 kg /m3 dynamic viscosity of 10 – 5 kg / (m s).
a) Determine the wall shear stress
b) Determine the Boundary layer thickness
c) Determine the free stream velocity
d) Determine the shear stress coefficient or local friction coefficient
e) Determine the displacement thickness
f) Calculate the ratio between the boundary layer thickness and the momentum
thickness
g) Determine momentum thickness
h) Calculate the ratio between the boundary layer thickness and the momentum
thickness

a) From definition of shear stress

𝑑𝑢
𝜏 =𝜇 = 𝜇(126 − 1247.4 𝑦)
𝑑𝑦
𝑑𝑢
𝜏+ = 𝜇 1 = 10./ ∗ 126 = 1.26 × 10.' Nm."
𝑑𝑦 ,-%

b) Using the condition that the shear stress vanishes at the top
0 = 𝜇(126 − 1247.4 𝑦)
126
𝑦= = 0.101010 m
1247.4
Applying the 0.99 threshold gives
𝛿 = 0.99 × 0.101010 = 0.1 m

c) Inserting 0.10101… into the given equation gives

U0 =126 * 0.101 – 623.7*0.1012 = 6.364 m/s

d) Using
𝜏+
𝐶0,2 = = 6.22 × 10./
1 "
2 𝜌 𝑈%

e) Integrating
4 4
𝑢 126 623.7 "
𝛿 ∗ = < =1 − > 𝑑𝑦 = < =1 − 𝑦+ 𝑦 > 𝑑𝑦
% 𝑈% % 𝑈% 𝑈%
Gives
126 " 623.7 '
𝛿∗ = 𝛿 − 𝛿 + 𝛿
2 𝑈% 3 𝑈%

Inserting 𝛿 = 0.1 m, we get 𝛿 ∗ = 0.0336738 m

Inserting 𝛿 = 0.101 m, we get 𝛿 ∗ = 0.0336739 m

f)
4∗
4
= 0.3367 if we use 0.1 m for the boundary layer thickness, and
4∗
4
= 0.3334 if we use 0.1010 m for the boundary layer thickness…
g) We start with
4 4
𝑢 𝑢 𝑢 𝑢 "
𝜃=< =1 − > 𝑑𝑦 = < − = > 𝑑𝑦
% 𝑈% 𝑈% % 𝑈% 𝑈%

The first term in the integral becomes, when inserting U0 = 6.364 m/s
𝑢 126 623.7 "
= 𝑦− 𝑦 = 19.80𝑦 − 98𝑦 "
𝑈% 𝑈% 𝑈%

Then we work out the second of the terms in the integral

𝑢" 126" " 2 × 126 × 623.7 ' 623.7" 5
= " 𝑦 − 𝑦 + 𝑦
𝑈%" 𝑈% 𝑈%" 𝑈%"
15 876 " 157 172 389 002 5
= " 𝑦 − " 1 𝑦' + 𝑦
𝑈% 𝑈% 𝑈%"

Inserting U0 = 6.364 m/s

𝑢"
= 392 𝑦 " − 3881 𝑦 ' + 9605 𝑦 5
𝑈%"

This gives the full expression in the integral as

𝑢 𝑢"
− = 19.80𝑦 − 98𝑦 " − 392 𝑦 " + 3881 𝑦 ' − 9605 𝑦 5
𝑈% 𝑈%"

= 19.80𝑦 − 490 𝑦 " + 3881 𝑦 ' − 9605 𝑦 5

Integrating this gives

19.8 " 490 ' 3881 5 9605 /

𝜃= 𝛿 − 𝛿 + 𝛿 − 𝛿
2 3 4 5
= 9.9 𝛿 − 163 𝛿 + 970 𝛿 5 − 1921 𝛿 /
" '

Inserting 𝛿 = 0.1 m, we get 𝜃 = 0.01379 m

Inserting 𝛿 = 0.101 m, we get 𝜃 = 0.01380 m

h)
6
4
= 0.1379 if we use 0.1 m for the boundary layer thickness, and
6
4
= 0.1366 if we use 0.1010 m for the boundary layer thickness…

You see that the ratio is noticeably different, depending on what to use for the value
of the boundary layer thickness BUT the actual displacement and momentum
thicknesses are very close. As a result, as long as you are consistent in using the
0.99 U0 criterion, the actual displacement and momentum thicknesses are
accurately calculated, and with that also the friction coefficients