DEVELOPMENTAL BIOLOGY:

HISTORY AND INTRODUCTION OF

CONCEPTS

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LEARNING OBJECTIVES:

 Define developmental biology.

 Compare developmental biology with embryology.
 Identify developmental biology approaches in other fields.
 Define terminologies in understanding developmental biology.
 Trace the lineage of early embryologists and their contributions.
 Understand the concepts of development in model organisms.
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EMBRYOLOGY VS. DEVELOPMENTAL BIOLOGY
Embryology
 Is the traditional terminology used for studying animal development that exists between the
phase of fertilization and birth
 It focuses on observational biology, measuring characteristics with or without experimental
manipulations.
HOWEVER, most organisms never stop developing……
Developmental Biology
 The discipline that studies embryonic and other developmental processes.
 It expands embryological studies using molecular techniques and genetic approaches to
study different model systems. 3
DEVELOPMENTAL BIOLOGY
Development accomplishes two major objectives:
 It generates cellular diversity and order within the individual or
organism.
 it ensures the continuity of life from one generation to the next.

Two fundamental questions in developmental biology:

 How does the fertilized egg give rise to the adult body?
 How does that adult body produce yet another body? 4
DEVELOPMENTAL BIOLOGY

 Differentiation
 Morphogenesis
 Is the generation of cellular
 Growth diversity wherein a single cell
 Reproduction or a fertilized egg can give rise
to hundreds of different cell
 Regeneration types.
 Environmental integration
 Evolution 5
DEVELOPMENTAL BIOLOGY

 Differentiation
 Morphogenesis
 Growth  The creation of ordered form
that involves coordinating cell
 Reproduction growth, cell migration, and the
 Regeneration cell death.
 Environmental integration
 Evolution 6
DEVELOPMENTAL BIOLOGY

 Differentiation
 Morphogenesis
 Defined as an irreversible
 Growth constant increase in the size of
 Reproduction an organ or even an individual
cell during the life history of an
 Regeneration organism.
 Environmental integration
 Evolution 7
DEVELOPMENTAL BIOLOGY

 Differentiation
 Morphogenesis
 Growth  It is a biological process by
which an organism reproduces
 Reproduction an offspring who is biologically
 Regeneration same as the organism.
 Environmental integration
 Evolution 8
DEVELOPMENTAL BIOLOGY

 Differentiation
 Morphogenesis
 Growth  The ability of some organisms
 Reproduction to regenerate every part of
their bodies.
 Regeneration
 Environmental integration
 Evolution 9
DEVELOPMENTAL BIOLOGY

 Differentiation
 Morphogenesis
 Growth  Environmental cues that
 Reproduction influence the development of
organism.
 Regeneration
 Environmental integration
 Evolution 10
DEVELOPMENTAL BIOLOGY

 Differentiation
 Morphogenesis
 Growth
 Involves inherited changes of
 Reproduction development.
 Regeneration
 Environmental integration
 Evolution 11
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EARLY BIOLOGISTS AND PHILOSOPHERS

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EARLY BIOLOGISTS AND PHILOSOPHERS

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COMPARATIVE EMBRYOLOGY

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MAJOR CELL DIVISION PATTERNS BY WHICH
EMBRYO IS FORMED:

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EARLY BIOLOGISTS AND PHILOSOPHERS

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EARLY BIOLOGISTS AND PHILOSOPHERS

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PREFORMATIONISM

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EARLY BIOLOGISTS AND PHILOSOPHERS

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EARLY BIOLOGISTS AND PHILOSOPHERS

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EARLY BIOLOGISTS AND PHILOSOPHERS

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EARLY BIOLOGISTS AND PHILOSOPHERS

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EARLY BIOLOGISTS AND PHILOSOPHERS

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TYPES OF CELL MOVEMENT DURING GASTRULATION

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End….

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