ID : in-5-Factors-and-Multiples-Be-My-Multiple-I-llbe-Your-Factor- [1]

Class 5
Factors and Multiples (Be My Multiple,I'llbe Your Factor)
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Choose correct answer(s) from the given choices

(1) Identify the pair of co-prime numbers.

a. (36, 72) b. (25, 32)

c. (12, 22) d. (15, 21)

(2) A set of Biology, Chemistry and Physics books needs to be divided into multiple stacks of the same and
highest possible height such that each stack contains books of only one subject. The number of Biology
books is 1368, that of Chemistry books is 266, and that of Physics books is 1501. Assuming that all the books
have a uniform thickness, find the number of stacks of Chemistry books.
a. 14 b. 19
c. 12 d. 23

Fill in the blanks

(3) The largest digit at the one's place of the number 6735__ that will make the number divisible by 2 is .

(4) The smallest odd prime number is .

Check True/False

(5) Every non-zero number is not a multiple of itself.

True False

(6) The sum of an even number and an odd number is an even number.
True False

Answer the questions

(7) Find the LCM of the following:

A) 216, 144, 504 B) 45, 165, 75

(8) What is the smallest digit at one's place of the number 2469_ that will make it divisible by 9?
(9) 221 cola cans and 476 fruit juice cans need to be stacked in a school canteen. If each stack is to be of the
same height and has to contain cans of the same type, find the greatest number of cans each stack can have.

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 ID : in-5-Factors-and-Multiples-Be-My-Multiple-I-llbe-Your-Factor- [2]

Answers

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 ID : in-5-Factors-and-Multiples-Be-My-Multiple-I-llbe-Your-Factor- [3]
(1) b. (25, 32)

Step 1
Remember: The numbers that have only 1 as their common factor are said to be co-prime numbers.

Step 2
Let us check all the pairs one by one.

Step 3
Pair: (36, 72)

Factors of 36 = 1, 2, 3 and 6

Factors of 72 = 1, 2, 3 and 12

Common factors = 1, 2 and 3

So, (36, 72) is not a pair of co-prime numbers.

Step 4
Pair: (25, 32)

Factors of 25 = 1 and 25

Factors of 32 = 1 and 2

Common factors = 1

So, (25, 32) is a pair of co-prime numbers.

Step 5
Pair: (12, 22)

Factors of 12 = 1, 2 and 6

Factors of 22 = 1, 2 and 11

Common factors = 1 and 2

So, (12, 22) is not a pair of co-prime numbers.

Step 6
Pair: (15, 21)

Factors of 15 = 1, 3 and 5

Factors of 21 = 1, 3 and 7

Common factors = 1 and 3

So, (15, 21) is not a pair of co-prime numbers.

Step 7
We see that (25, 32) is a pair of co-prime numbers.

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 ID : in-5-Factors-and-Multiples-Be-My-Multiple-I-llbe-Your-Factor- [4]
(2) a. 14

Step 1
The number of Biology books is 1368, the number of Chemistry books is 266 and the number of Physics
books is 1501.

Step 2
Since, all the books have uniform thickness and the height of each stack needs to be the same, the
number of books each stack should contain will be equal to the H.C.F of 1368, 266, and 1501.

Step 3
All the prime factors of 1368 :
2 | 1368 2 is a factor of 1368
2 | 684 2 is a factor of 684
2 | 342 2 is a factor of 342
3 | 171 3 is a factor of 171
3 | 57 3 is a factor of 57
19 | 19 19 is a factor of 19
|1

Thus,
1368 = 2 × 2 × 2 × 3 × 3 × 19.

Step 4
All the prime factors of 266 :
2 | 266 2 is a factor of 266
7 | 133 7 is a factor of 133
19 | 19 19 is a factor of 19
|1

Thus,
266 = 2 ×7 ×19.

Step 5
All the prime factors of 1501 :
19 | 1501 19 is a factor of 1501
79 | 79 79 is a factor of 79
|1

Thus,
1501 = 19 × 79

Step 6
Hence, the H.C.F of 1368, 266, and 1501 = 19

Step 7
Now, we know that each stack of books will contain 19 books.
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 ID : in-5-Factors-and-Multiples-Be-My-Multiple-I-llbe-Your-Factor- [5]
Total number of Chemistry books = 266.
266
Therefore, the number of stacks of Chemistry books = = 14.
19

(3) 8

Step 1
We know that for any number to be divisible by 2, its unit digit should be zero or even.

Step 2
Now since 8 is the largest digit among 0, 2, 4, 6, and 8, the answer to the above question will be 8.

(4) Any 1 from the following 2 answers:

3, three

Step 1
A number that is divisible only by 1 and itself is called a prime number.

Step 2
As we know that 1 is neither prime nor composite.
Hence, the number which satisfy the condition given in step 1 are 2,3,5,7 and so on.

Step 3
We know that the odd numbers are 1,3,5,7 and so on.

Step 4
Therefore, the smallest odd prime number is 3.

(5) False

Step 1
As we know that 1 times a number is equal to itself. So a number is a multiple of itself.

Step 2
Hence, the given statement is false.

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 ID : in-5-Factors-and-Multiples-Be-My-Multiple-I-llbe-Your-Factor- [6]
(6) False

Step 1
Let us pick a few pairs of an even number and an odd number, and add them:
2+3=5
4+5=9
6+1=7

Step 2
We can see that the sum of an even and an odd number is always an odd number. Hence, the given
statement is false.

(7) A) 3024

Step 1
We will use division method to find the LCM of 216, 144 and 504.

Step 2
Using the division method:
2 | 504, 216, 144
2 | 252, 108, 72
2 | 126, 54, 36
2 | 63, 27, 18
3 | 63, 27, 9
3 | 21, 9, 3
3 | 7, 3, 1
7 | 7, 1, 1
| 1, 1, 1

The LCM is = 2 × 2 × 2 × 2 × 3 × 3 × 3 × 7 = 3024

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 ID : in-5-Factors-and-Multiples-Be-My-Multiple-I-llbe-Your-Factor- [7]
B) 2475

Step 1
We will use division method to find the LCM of 45, 165 and 75.

Step 2
Using the division method:
3 | 165, 75, 45
3 | 55, 25, 15
5 | 55, 25, 5
5 | 11, 5, 1
11 | 11, 1, 1
| 1, 1, 1

The LCM is = 3 × 3 × 5 × 5 × 11 = 2475

(8) 6

Step 1
We know that for any number to be divisible by 9, the sum of its digits should be divisible by 9.

Step 2
If we assume the unit digit to be a, the sum of digits would be 2 + 4 + 6 + 9 + a, or 21 + a.

Step 3
Now we can see that the smallest value of a that will make 19 + a divisible by 9 will be 6 (21 + 6 = 27,
which is divisible by 9).

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 ID : in-5-Factors-and-Multiples-Be-My-Multiple-I-llbe-Your-Factor- [8]
(9) 17

Step 1
Since, each stack needs to be of the same height and has to contain cans of the same type, the number
of cans in each stack should be a common factor of both 221 and 476.

Step 2
Additionally, we know that the number of cans in each stack should be the greatest possible. Thus, it
should be the Highest Common Factor(H.C.F) of 221 and 476.

Step 3
Let us find the H.C.F of 221 and 476.
All the prime factors of 221 :
13 | 221 13 is a factor of 221
17 | 17 17 is a factor of 17
|1

Thus,
221 = 13 × 17

Step 4
All the prime factors of 476 :
2 | 476 2 is a factor of 476
2 | 238 2 is a factor of 238
7 | 119 7 is a factor of 119
17 | 17 17 is a factor of 17
|1

Thus,
476 = 2 × 2 × 7 × 17

Step 5
The H.C.F of 221 and 476 = 17
= 17

Step 6
Hence, the greatest number of cans each stack can have is 17.

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