CHAPTER 5 :

MASS AND ENERGY ANALYSIS OF CONTROL VOLUMES

A. CONSERVATION OF MASS

- mass cannot be created or destroyed during a process.

- mass flow rate:
- conservation of mass principle for an open system (control volume)

- steady- flow process:

 if one inlet and one outlet:

 Liquids can be considered as incompressible:

B. ENERGY OF A FLOWING FLUID

- Total energy of a flowing fluid

C. ENERGY ANALYSIS OF STEADY-FLOW SYSTEMS

- fluid properties do not change as a function of time

mass and energy contents are constant properties at inlet/outlet are constant

 no boundary work
 conservation of mass
 conservation of energy

- first law of thermodynamics for steady-flow processes:

compared to closes systems, we have an extra contribution to energy transfer due to the
flowing fluid

- unknown work and heat interactions (assume net heat in and net work out)
- unknown work and heat interactions, single-stream device