KKK.

\EFJEONGNZNM

N. Hed
Hedknt
kntnm
nm \ef
\efje
jeong
ongnrn
nrnm
mHHe
e ’1
>. Rugu
Rugunm
nm pefje
pefjeongnr
ongnrnm
nm
Nbnpum tugunm pefjeongnrnm
pefjeongnrnm bnrk fntn huokn` kmk kn
knon`
on` sejndnk jerkhut7

n. Fn`n
Fn`nskswn
skswn bnpn
bnpntt fem
femyeoe
yeoesnkh
snkhnm
nm fn
fnsnon`
snon` ynmd jerhn
jerhnktnm
ktnm bemd
bemdnm
nm Nognj
Nognjnr
nr
Jccoenm
j. Fn`
Fn`ns
nsksw
kswn
n bnp
bnpnt
nt fe
fefn`
fn`nf
nfkk fnsn
fnsnon`
on` y
ynmd
nmd j
jerh
erhnkt
nktnm
nm be
bemdn
mdnm
m Nog
Nognj
njnr
nr
Jccoenm
i. Fn`n
Fn`nskswn
skswn bnpn
bnpntt fef
fefn`nf
n`nfkk Jem
Jemtuh
tuh M
Mcrfno
crfno Bksg
Bksgumitk
umitkve
ve
b. Fn`
n`n
nskswn
kswn fn
fnfp
fpu
u fefn
fn`
`nf
nfkk bn
bnm
m fem
emdd
ddum
umnh
nhnm
nm prk
rkms
mskp
kp-p
-prk
rkms
mskp
kp
rnmdhnknm ocdkhn
e.
:. Fnter
Fnterkk \efj
\efjeongn
eongnrnm
rnm

n. Jemtu
Jemtuh
h Mcr
Mcrfno
fno Bks
Bksgumd
gumdtka
tka (Bksg
(Bksgumdt
umdtkve
kve Mc
Mcrfno
rfno A
Acrf)
crf)
Yuntu vnrknjeo Jccoenm (ntnu hcfpoefemmyn) bksejut sejndnk okterno.
Icmtc` okterno nbnon` , ›, ›, , bnm sejndnkmyn. Yuntu fkmterf ntnu perhnoknm
bnsnr nbnon` `nsko hnok bnrk m okterno bemdnm sntu okterno fewnhkok sntu vnrknjeo
(m jkonmdnm nsok). Icmtc` fkmterf nbnon` ›, , ›, ›, ›, bnm sejndnkmyn.
Icmtc` ynmd juhnm fkmterf nmtnrn onkm ›, ›, , bnm sejndnkmyn.
\er`ntkhnm icmtc` jerkhut umtuh fefn`nfk perjebnnm nmtnrn vnrknjeo
jknsn bemdnm okterno. Bkjerkhnm ehspresk Jccoenm
' '
E x , y , z 6 xz + x y

Ehspresk Jccoenm bk ntns fefkokhk 9 vnrknjeo ( , , ), 2 okterno (, ›, , 

›), bnm : fkmterf ( ›, ›). X\n`nfk perjebnnm nmtnrn vnrknjeo jknsn bnm
okternoV. Ehspresk Jccoenm bksejut jemtuh mcrfno bksgumdtka (bma) gkhn ferupnhnm
sunt
suntu
u fk
fkmt
mter
erf
f ntnu
ntnu pe
pemg
mguf
ufon
on`n
`nm
m :/
:/oe
oejk
jk`
` fk
fkmt
mter
erf
f yn
ynmd
md fn
fnsk
skmd
md-f
-fns
nskm
kmd
d
fkmterfmyn tkbnh terhnmbumd bnonf fkmterf onkmmyn. Jemtuh mcrfno bksgumdtka
pnbn suntu ehspresk Jccoenm gudn serkmd bksejut sejndnk ehspnmsk suf-ca-
prcbuits (Yc\).
Yejndnk icmtc`,
E> (x
(x,, y, z) 6 x + y ↚ bm
bmaa / Yc\
Yc\

E: (x, y, z) 6 xz‛+ x‛yz + xy‛z ↚ bma / Yc\

>
E9 (x, y, z) 6 xz‛+ y‛z + xyz‛ ↚ juhnm bma hnremn xz‛ terhnmbumd
bnonf xyz‛
E2 (x, y, z) 6 xyz‛+ x‛yz + x‛y‛z‛ ↚ auoo bma / Yc\
Icmtc` >7
Myntnhnmon` ehspresk Jccoenm E(x, y, z) 6 (xy)‛z femgnbk jemtuh bma

bnm auoo bma!

Gnwnj7
E ( x , y , z ) 6 ( xy ) ‛ z (bemdnm @uhuf be Fcrdnm)

³ ( x' + y ' ) z (bemdnm @uhuf Bkstrkjutka)

³ x'+ y ‛ z ↚ bma (bkonmguthnm bemdnm `uhuf kbemtktns)

X\er`ntkhnm fkmterf x‛z jeouf nbn vnrknjeo y, bnm fkmterf y‛z jeouf
nbn vnrknjeo x.V
³ x ' .> . z + >. y ‛ .z ↚ (bemdnm `uhuf hcfpoefem)

³ x ' ( y + y ' ) . z +( x + x ') . y ‛ . z ↚ (bemdnm `uhuf bkstrkjusk)

³ x ' yz + x ' y ' + x y ‛ z + x ' y ' z ↚ (hnremn nbn fkmterf ynmd snfn, dumnhnm
`uhuf kbefpctem)

³ x ' yz + x ' y ‛ z + xy ' z ↚ auoo bma

\erou bkper`ntkhnm jn`wn sefun ehspresk Jccoenm ynmd auoo bma, pnstk
bma. Mnfum, ehspresk Jccoenm ynmd bma jeouf temtu auoo bma. Npnjkon ehspresk
Jcco
Jccoen
enm
m su
subn
bn`
` bkhe
bkhetn
tn`u
`ukk bn
bnon
onf
f je
jemt
mtuh
uh mc
mcrf
rfno
no bk
bksg
sgum
umdt
dtka
ka,, fn
fnhn
hn je
jemt
mtuh
uh
bunomyn nhnm bksejut sejndnk jemtuh mcrfno hcmgumdtka (icmgumdtkve mcrfno
acrf ’ ima), ntnu serkmd gudn bksejut ehspnmsk prcbuit-ca-sufs (\cY).
Icmtc` :7
Myntnhnmon` ehspresk Jccoenm E 2 ( x , y , z )6( xy ) ' z femgnbk ima!
Gnwnj7
Jerbnsnrhnm icmtc` >, jn`wn auoo bma-myn nbnon`7
E 2 ( x , y , z ) 6 x yz + x y ‛ z + xy ' z
' '

Fnhn, bemdnm femddumnhnm tehmkh bunoktns, jemtuh i ma bnrk

E 2 ( x , y , z )6( xy ) ' z nbnon`7

( x ' + y❞ + z ) . ( x ' + y ' + z ) . ( x ❞ + y ' + z )

j. De
Derj
rjnm
nmd
d Oc
Ocdk
dkhn
hn

:
 Derjnmd ocdkhn ferupnhnm pefjemtuh skstef eoehtrcmkhn bkdktno ynmd
jeraumdsk femdujn` sntu ntnu jejernpn kmput femgnbk suntu skmyno cutput
ocdks.. Derj
ocdks Derjnmd
nmd ocdkh
ocdkhn
n jerc
jercperns
pernskk jerbn
jerbnsnrhn
snrhnm
m skste
skstef
f jkonm
jkonmdnm
dnm jkme
jkmer,
r, ynktu
`nmyn
`nmyn fefko
fefkokhk
khk bun hcbe skfjc
skfjcoo ynhm
ynhmkk < bnm > emdn
emdnm
m femd
femddumn
dumnhnm
hnm Recrk
Nognjnr Jccoenm. Bkhnremnhnm nmnoksks derjnmd ocdkhn bkonhuhnm bemdnm

Nognjnr Jccoenm fnhn derjnmd ocdkhn serkmd gudn bksejut Znmdhnknm ocdkhn.
Znmd
Zn mdnh
nhnnknm
knm ocd
ocdkhn
khn se
serk
rkm
md hktn
hktn te
tefu
fuhn
hnmm bnononf
nf skskrh
rhu
ukt bkd
kdkt
ktno
no yn
ynm
md
bkkf
bkkfpo
poef
efet
etns
nskh
khnm
nm se
sein
inrn
rn eoeh
eoehrt
rtcm
cmkh
kh be
bemd
mdnm
nm fe
femd
mddu
dumn
mnhn
hnm
m bk
bkcb
cbn
n nt
ntnu
nu
trnmskstcr.
>) Ye
Yeju
jun`
n` de
derj
rjnm
nmd
d ocdk
ocdkhn
hn fe
fefp
fpum
umyn
ynkk sn
sntu
tu te
terf
rfkm
kmno
no cu
cutp
tput
ut bn
bnm
m sn
sntu
tu nt
ntnu
nu
oejk` terfkmno kmput.
:) Cu
Cutp
tput
ut-c
-cut
utpu
putm
tmyn
yn jksn
jksn je
jerm
rmko
konk
nk @K
@KD@
D@ (>
(>)) nt
ntnu
nu OC
OCT
T (<
(<)) te
terd
rdnm
nmtu
tumd
md bnrk
oeveo-oeveo bkdktno pnbn terfkmno kmputmyn.
Derjnmd Ocdkhn ynmd bkternphnm bnonf Ykstef Eoehtrcmkhn Bkdktno pnbn

bnsnrmyn femddumnhnm Hcfpcmem-hcfpcmem Eoehtrcmkhn sepertk Kmtedrnteb

Ikriukt
Ikriukt (KI
(KI),
), Bkc
Bkcbn,
bn, Rrn
Rrnmsk
mskstc
stcr,
r, Zeo
Zeony,
ny, Cpt
Cptkh
kh fnu
fnupum
pum Eoe
Eoefem
fem Feh
Fehnmk
nmkhno
hno..
Rerbnp
Rerbnpnt
nt 4 gem
gemks
ks Der
Derjnm
jnmd
d Ocd
Ocdkhn
khn Bns
Bnsnr
nr ynm
ynmd
d fef
fefjem
jemtuh
tuh sej
sejun`
un` Yks
Ykstef
tef
Eoehtrcmkhn Bkdktno.
>) Derjnmd NMB
:) Derjnmd C
CZ
Z
9) Derjnmd MCR
2) Derjnmd MNMB
5) Derjnmd MCZ

1) De
Derj
rjnm
nmd
dPP-C
-CZ
Z (E
(Exi
xiou
ousk
skve
ve CZ
CZ))
4) De
Derj
rjnm
nmd
d P-
P-MC
MCZ
Z (E
(Exo
xous
uskv
kve
e MC
MCZ)Z)
Bnrk he-4 gemks bkntns, Derjnmd Ocdkhn bkjndk femgnbk : 7
>) De
Derj
rjnm
nmd
d Oc
Ocdk
dkhn
hn Km
Kmve
verte
rterr (\
(\ef
efjn
jnok
okh)
h),, ic
icmt
mtc`
c`my
myn
n De
Derj
rjnm
nmd
d Oc
Ocdk
dkhn
hn MC
MCR
R
(MCR Dnte)
:) De
Derj
rjnm
nmd
d Oc
Ocdk
dkhn
hn Mc
Mcm-
m-Km
Kmve
verte
rter,
r, ic
icmt
mtc`
c`my
myn
n De
Derj
rjnm
nmd
d Oc
Ocdk
dkhn
hn NM
NMB,
B, CZ
CZ,,
MNMB, MCZ, PCZ, PMCZ

9
 Dnfjnr >. Derjnmd Ocdkhn

9. On
Ontk
tk`n
`nm
m
Hergnhnm ontk`nm pemyeber`nmnnm jerkhut kmk
>) Ye
Yeber
ber`n
`nmnh
mnhnm
nm per
persnf
snfnnm
nnm jer
jerkhu kmkk N . ( N . J + I )
khutt km
:) Ye
Yeber
ber`n
`nmnh
mnhnm
nm per
persnf
snfnnm
nnm jer
jerkhu kmkk N ‛ . J + N . J + N ‛ . J ‛
khutt km
9) Ye
Yeber
ber`n
`nmnh
mnhnm
nm per
persnf
snfnnm
nnm jer
jerkhu kmkk N + N . J ‛ + N ‛ . J
khutt km

2
2. Ev
Evno
noun
unsk
sk

5. Hum
Humik
ik ggnwn
nwnjn
jnm
m
\emyeoesnknm >7
N . ( N . J + I )6 N . N . J + N . I

³ N . J+ N . I
³ N .( J +I )
\emyeoesnknm :7
N ‛ . J + N . J + N ‛ . J ‛ 6( N ‛ + N ) . J + N ‛ . J ‛
³ > . J + N ‛ . J‛
J‛
³ J+N ‛ . J ‛
³ J+ N ‛
\emyeoesnknm 97
N + N . J ‛ + N ‛ . J 6( N + N . J ‛ )+ N ‛ . J

³ N+ N‛. J
³ N+J