Entomology Reviewer  bilaterally symmetrical

animals
Insects  segmented body
 Most abundant and diverse group of  paired jointed appendages
organisms on earth. and well-developed sensory
 organs
 Can inhabit diff. niche and play diff.
 flexible chitinous exoskeleton
essential role in the ecosystem.
 tubular dorsal heart with
Arthropods paired ostia
 true coelom is greatly
 75% of all known animal species reduced
 More known species of arthropods  open circulatory system
than plants and animals combined  ventral nervous system
 Found in nearly all habitats of the  striated muscles are present
biosphere segmentary.
Entomology  respiration is by gills, or
trachea, or book lungs, or gill
 deals with the study of insects and books etc.
other arthropod relatives, such as  exes are separate, sexual
spiders, mites, and ticks dimorphism is seen
 belongs to phylum Arthropoda, the  Development or metamorphosis:
largest phylum of Kingdom  Ametabolous
Animalia  Hemimetabolous
 Paurometabolous
Phylum Arthropoda  Holometabolous
 arthros = joints ; podos = feet  Composed of 5 Subphyla:
 segment – sections of the body and  Hexapoda (Insects)
appendages that can be cleanly  Chelicerata
detached from another or from where  Crustacea
it is attached  Trilobitomorpha
 appendage – structure with one end  Myriapoda
attached to body and the other end is  Trilobitomorpha
dangling  all are extinct
 Animals with jointed or segmented  preserved as fossils
body and appendages.  formerly numerous marine
 Characterized by external skeleton, animals that disappeared in
consist mostly of chitin, segmented the Permian-Triassic
body where individual segments are extinction event
often fused together (tagmatization)  reduced to one order in the
 Characteristics: Late Devonian extinction
 multicellular triploblastic  Crustacea
 Terrestrial, fresh water, or
marine animals
  Body shows two or three  No antenna and true jaw
parts  Respiration is by gills,
 1 or 2 pairs of antenna tracheae, or book lungs
 1 pair mandibles  Sexes are separate
 1 or 2 pairs maxillae  Classified into two classes:
 Walking legs are 3 or more Merostomata (horseshoe
pairs crabs) and Arachnida
 Respiration is by gills or (scorpions, mites, ticks,
tracheae spiders)
 Excretes through malphigian  Arachnids
tubules or green glands  Two body regions
 Sexes are separate (head = cephalothorax
 Divided into six classes: and abdomen)
Branchiopoda, Remipedia,  cephalothorax with 6
Cephalocarida, Maxillopda, pairs of appendages
Ostracoda, Malacostraca, and (chelicerae, pedipalps
Thylacocephala (an extinct and 4 pairs of
group). walking legs)
 Examples: barnacles,  abdomen with up to 3
lobsters, crabs, crayfish, pairs of appendages
shrimp (spinnerets)
 Myriapoda  mostly terrestrial and
 Terrestrial and air-breating predatory, some
 Made of many similar secondarily aquatic
segments and sap-sucking
 1 pair antenna
 3 pairs jaw
 > 11 pairs of legs
 Divided into 4
groups/families: Diplopoda,
Chilopoda, Pauropoda, and
Symphyla
 Examples: millipedes,
centipedes, symphylan,
pauropus
 Chelicerata
 Body is divisible into anterior
prosoma (cephalothorax) and
posterior opisthosoma
(abdomen)
 Prosoma: 6 pairs of
st
appendages, 1 pair being the
chelicerae