Seeleys Essentials of Anatomy and Physiology 8th Edition Vanputte Test Bank

Chapter 12 - Heart
Chapter 12
Heart
Multiple Choice Questions
1. Which of these is NOT one of the large veins carrying blood to the heart?
A. superior vena cava
B. inferior vena cava
C. pulmonary trunk
D. pulmonary vein
E. coronary sinus
Bloom's Level: 04. Analyze

Learning Objective: 12.03E. Describe the flow of blood through the heart, and name each of
the chambers and structures through which the blood passes.
Section: 12.03
Topic: Cardiovascular System
2. The blood vessels that supply oxygenated blood to the heart tissue itself are the
A. pulmonary veins.
B. coronary arteries.
C. coronary sinuses.
D. pulmonary trunks.
E. venae cavae.
Bloom's Level: 01. Remember

HAPS Learning Outcome: K06.8 Identify the right and left coronary arteries and their
branches, the cardiac veins, and the coronary sinus.
Learning Objective: 12.03B. Give the location and function of the coronary arteries.
Section: 12.03
12-1
Chapter 12 - Heart
3. Which of these statements about the coronary arteries is true?

A. The left coronary artery supplies the anterior wall of the heart and most of the left
ventricle.
B. The right coronary artery supplies most of the right ventricle.
C. Blood flow through the coronary arteries is greatest during ventricular diastole (relaxation).
D. A heart attack occurs if a coronary artery is blocked.
E. All of these are true.

Section: 12.03
4. Coronary arteries may become blocked

A. by a thrombus, producing a coronary thrombosis.
B. and cause the formation of atherosclerotic lesions.
C. as the direct result of angina pectoris.
D. as the direct result of an infarct (area of tissue death) in the heart.
E. All of these can block coronary arteries.
Bloom's Level: 02. Understand

Section: 12.03
12-2
Chapter 12 - Heart
5. Which of these statements concerning the normal pathway of blood flow is NOT correct?
A. from the pulmonary arteries to the lungs
B. from the pulmonary veins to the right atrium
C. from the aorta to all parts of body except lungs
D. from the coronary sinus to the right atrium
E. Neither from the pulmonary veins to the right atrium nor from the coronary sinus to the
right atrium are correct.

Section: 12.03
6. If a valve is classified as stenosed:

A. a swishing sound occurs immediately after it closes.
B. the opening is narrowed
C. the valve does not close completely
D. blood is leaking through the closed valve.
E. All of the items are true of a stenosed valve.

HAPS Learning Outcome: K06.3 Identify and describe the function of the primary internal
structures of the heart, including chambers, septa, valves, papillary muscles, chordae
tendineae, and venous and arterial openings.
HAPS Learning Outcome: K06.4 Compare and contrast the structure and function of the
atrioventricular and the semilunar valves.
Learning Objective: 12.03D. Name the valves of the heart, and state their locations and
functions.
Section: 12.03
12-3
Chapter 12 - Heart
7. Which of these valves is found between the right atrium and the right ventricle?
A. tricuspid valve
B. bicuspid (mitral) valve
C. aortic semilunar valve
D. pulmonary semilunar valve
E. interventricular septum

functions.
Section: 12.03
8. In a normal heart, when the right ventricle contracts, it forces blood through the
A. tricuspid valve.
B. bicuspid valve.
C. aortic semilunar valve.
D. pulmonary semilunar valve.

Section: 12.03
12-4
Chapter 12 - Heart
9. Which of these statements concerning the functional characteristics of the heart chambers is
NOT correct?
A. During ventricular diastole, blood collects in the right and left atria.
B. At the very beginning of ventricular diastole, blood flows directly from the atria into the
relaxed ventricles.
C. 70% of ventricular filling occurs before the atria contract.
D. During ventricular systole, the atrioventricular valves close.
E. During ventricular diastole, the semilunar valves open.

Section: 12.03
10. The bicuspid (mitral) valve

A. is the location of the pacemaker cells of a normal heart.
B. prevents blood flow from the right ventricle to the right atrium.
C. prevents blood flow from the left ventricle to the left atrium.
D. prevents blood flow from the pulmonary artery to the right ventricle.
E. prevents blood flow from the aorta to the left ventricle.

functions.
Section: 12.03
12-5
Chapter 12 - Heart
11. The aortic semilunar valve


functions.
Section: 12.03
12. The pulmonary semilunar valve


functions.
Section: 12.03
12-6
Chapter 12 - Heart
13. The tricuspid valve


functions.
Section: 12.03
14. Melinda suffers from stenosis of the aortic semilunar valve. This will increase the rigidity
of the valve making it hard to open. This increases the ________________ therefore
________________ the cardiac output.
A. afterload; decreasing
B. afterload; increasing
C. preload; decreasing
D. preload; increasing
E. venous return; decreasing
Bloom's Level: 05. Evaluate

functions.
Section: 12.03
12-7
Chapter 12 - Heart
15. Like skeletal muscle, cardiac muscle:

A. relies on calcium and ATP to contract
B. is controlled by the stimulation of motor units
C. uses temporal summation to increase contractile force
D. has both fast twitch and slow twitch muscle fiber types
E. is multinucleate

HAPS Learning Outcome: K07.1 List the phases of the cardiac muscle action potential and
explain the ion movements that occur in each phase.
HAPS Learning Outcome: K07.2 Contrast the way action potentials are generated in cardiac
pacemaker cells, in cardiac contractile cells and in skeletal muscle cells.
HAPS Learning Outcome: K07.3 Explain the significance of the plateau phase in the action
potential of a cardiac contractile cell.
HAPS Learning Outcome: K07.4 Compare and contrast cardiac muscle contraction and
skeletal muscle contraction.
HAPS Learning Outcome: K07.5 Compare and contrast the role of nerves in the
depolarization of cardiac pacemaker cells, ventricular contractile cells, and skeletal muscle
cells.
Learning Objective: 12.04B. Describe the structural and functional characteristics of cardiac
muscle cells.
Section: 12.04
12-8
Chapter 12 - Heart
16. Papillary muscles:

A. contract when the ventricles relax
B. prevent the valves from closing during ventricular diastole
C. are attached to the semi lunar valves via the chordae tendineae
D. prevent the backflow of blood into the atria during ventricular systole
E. prevent the backflow of blood into the ventricles from the aorta

HAPS Learning Outcome: K06.6 Identify myocardium and describe its histological structure,
including the significance of intercalated discs.
HAPS Learning Outcome: K06.7 Discuss the structure and significance of the endocardium.
Learning Objective: 12.04A. List the components of the heart wall, and describe the structure
and function of each.
muscle cells.
Section: 12.04
17. Papillary muscles are attached to the cusps of valves by thin, strong connective tissue
strings called
A. the chordae tendineae.
B. the interventricular septa.
C. the auricles.
D. the interventricular sulcus.
E. the coronary sinus.

Section: 12.04
12-9
Chapter 12 - Heart
18. The cardiac skeleton

A. forms fibrous rings around the atrioventricular and semilunar valves.
B. serves as electrical insulation between the atria and ventricles.
C. provides a rigid source of attachment for cardiac muscle.
D. provides solid support for the heart valves.
E. has all of these characteristics.

Section: 12.04
12-10
Chapter 12 - Heart
19. Which of these is NOT a characteristic of cardiac muscle?

A. rich in mitochondria
B. striated
C. has special cell-to-cell contacts called intercalated disks
D. can develop a significant oxygen debt
E. elongated, branching cells usually with one nucleus

cells.
muscle cells.
Section: 12.04
12-11
Chapter 12 - Heart
20. Action potentials in contractile cardiac muscle cells

A. are much faster than action potentials in skeletal muscle.
B. have no plateau phase.
C. involve voltage-gated calcium ion channels.
D. have sodium ion channels that open and cause repolarization.
E. have all of these characteristics.

Learning Objective: 12.05A. Describe the characteristics of action potentials in cardiac
muscle.
Section: 12.05
12-12
Chapter 12 - Heart
21. As a result of the long refractory period generated by __________, cardiac muscle can not
exhibit __________.
A. the influx of calcium ions, tetanus (tetanic contractions)
B. the out flow of K+, tetanus (tetanic contractions)
C. the influx of Na+, tetanus (tetanic contractions)
D. the influx of Ca++, recruitment
E. the out flow of K+, recruitment

muscle.
Section: 12.05
12-13
Chapter 12 - Heart
22. As the impulse from the SA node spreads across the atria, it is prevented from stimulating
the ventricles
A. SA node.
B. AV node.
C. tricuspid and bicuspid valves.
D. semilunar valves.
E. by the fibrous cardiac skeleton.

HAPS Learning Outcome: K09.1a With respect to the conduction system of the heart: List the
parts of the conduction system and explain how the system functions.
HAPS Learning Outcome: K09.1b With respect to the conduction system of the heart: Define
automaticity and explain why the SA node normally paces the heart.
HAPS Learning Outcome: K09.1c With respect to the conduction system of the heart: Explain
how the cardiac conduction system produces efficient pumping of blood.
HAPS Learning Outcome: K09.1d With respect to the conduction system of the heart:
Describe the role of the autonomic nervous system in the regulation of cardiac function.
Learning Objective: 12.05B. Explain the structure and function of the conduction system of
the heart.
Section: 12.05
12-14
Chapter 12 - Heart
23. Which of the following is true of cardiac muscle?

A. Cardiac muscle tissue has both an intracellular and extracellular source of Ca++.
B. Cardiac muscle tissue has slow Ca++ voltage gates in the membrane that make cardiac
muscle incapable of tetanus.
C. In cardiac muscle tissue, excitation spreads from cell to cell via intercalated disks.
D. Cardiac muscle tissue does not require nerve activity to stimulate a contraction.
E. All of these are true of cardiac muscle.

cells.
muscle cells.
Section: 12.04
12-15
Chapter 12 - Heart
24. Intercalated disks in cardiac muscle

A. are a type of gap junction.
B. allow all of the muscle fibers in an area to contract at the same time.
C. prevent the cells from pulling apart.
D. reduce the electrical resistance between cells allowing APs to pass more easily from cell to
cell.
E. All of these are correct.

cells.
muscle cells.
Section: 12.04
12-16
Chapter 12 - Heart
25. Cardiac muscle cells

A. twist when they contract
B. shorten when they contract
C. lengthen when they contract
D. contract by motor units
E. Both twist when they contract and shorten when they contract are correct.

cells.
muscle cells.
Section: 12.04
12-17
Chapter 12 - Heart
26. The layer of the heart wall that is the visceral pericardium is also called the
A. endocardium.
B. myocardium.
C. epicardium.
D. chordae tendineae.
E. mediastinum.

Section: 12.04
27. The thick middle layer of the heart, composed of cardiac muscle, is the
A. endocardium.
B. myocardium.
C. epicardium.
D. chordae tendineae.

Section: 12.04
12-18
Chapter 12 - Heart
28. Given these structures:

1) AV node
2) atrioventricular bundle
3) bundle branches
4) Purkinje fibers
Arrange these parts of the conduction system of the heart in the correct order, as an action
potential would pass through them.
A. 1, 2, 3, 4
B. 1, 3, 2, 4
C. 1, 4, 2, 3
D. 2, 1, 3, 4
E. 3, 1, 2, 4

the heart.
Section: 12.05
12-19
Chapter 12 - Heart
29. Letter A is the

A. superior vena cava.
B. right atrium.
C. right ventricle.
D. left atrium.
E. left ventricle.
Bloom's Level: 03. Apply

HAPS Learning Outcome: K06.2 On the external heart identify the location of the four
chambers as well as the coronary sulcus, anterior interventricular sulcus and posterior
interventricular sulcus.
Learning Objective: 12.03C. Describe the chambers of the heart.
Section: 12.03
30. Letter B delivers blood

A. from the left ventricle to the body.
B. from the left ventricle to the lungs.
C. from the right ventricle to the lungs.
D. from the right atrium to the vena cava.
E. from the right atrium to the body.

Section: 12.03
12-20
Chapter 12 - Heart
31. Letter C receives blood from the

A. superior vena cava.
B. pulmonary veins.
C. aorta.
D. left atrium.
E. right ventricle.

Section: 12.03
32.
Which layer of the heart wall is represented by the letter A?
A. epicardium
B. myocardium
C. endocardium
D. visceral pericardium
E. Both epicardium and visceral pericardium

Section: 12.04
12-21
Chapter 12 - Heart
33. The T wave on the figure is designated by the

A. letter A.
B. letter B.
C. letter C.
D. letter D.
E. letter E.

HAPS Learning Outcome: K09.2a With respect to the electrocardiogram (EKG or ECG):
Identify the waveforms in a normal EKG.
HAPS Learning Outcome: K09.2b With respect to the electrocardiogram (EKG or ECG):
Relate the waveforms to atrial and ventricular depolarization and repolarization and to the
activity of the conduction system.
Learning Objective: 12.05C. Describe the waves of an electrocardiogram, and relate each of
them to contractions of the heart.
Section: 12.05
12-22
Chapter 12 - Heart
34. Depolarization of the atrial myocardium on the figure is represented by the

A. letter A.
B. letter B.
C. letter C.
D. letter D.
E. letter E.

Section: 12.05
35. Repolarization of the ventricles is represented on the figure by the

A. letter A.
B. letter B.
C. letter C.
D. letter D.
E. letter E.

Section: 12.05
12-23
Chapter 12 - Heart
36. When listening to her heart, the doctor notices that Maria has a swishing sound
immediately after the first heart sound is heard. Which of the following is correct?
A. She has a heart murmur.
B. The sound occurs immediately after the AV valves close.
C. Maria may have an incompetent valve.
D. The sound is generated by the leakage of blood through a poorly closed valve.
E. All of the items are possible.

HAPS Learning Outcome: K10.6 Relate the heart sounds to the events of the cardiac cycle.
Learning Objective: 12.07A. Describe the heart sounds and their significance.
Section: 12.07
37. Ventricular systole:

A. occurs between the first and second heart sounds.
B. occurs just prior to the first heart sound.
C. lasts longer than ventricular diastole
D. is the relaxation phase of the ventricles.
E. All of the items are true of ventricular systole.

Section: 12.07
12-24
Chapter 12 - Heart
38. Tachycardia occurs when

A. the heart rate is less than 60 beats per minute.
B. the heart rate is more than 100 beats per minute.
C. ventricular fibrillation occurs.
D. ectopic beats occur in the atria.
E. Either the heart rate is more than 100 beats per minute or ectopic beats occur in the atria
happen when tachycardia occurs.

HAPS Learning Outcome: K11.1a With respect to cardiac output (CO): Define cardiac output
and state its units of measurement.
HAPS Learning Outcome: K11.1b With respect to cardiac output (CO): Calculate cardiac
output, given stroke volume and heart rate.
HAPS Learning Outcome: K11.1c With respect to cardiac output (CO): Predict how changes
in heart rate (HR) and/or stroke volume (SV) will affect cardiac output.
HAPS Learning Outcome: K11.1d With respect to cardiac output (CO): Discuss the concept
of cardiac reserve.
HAPS Learning Outcome: K11.2a With respect to stroke volume: Define end diastolic volume
(EDV) and end systolic volume (ESV) and calculate stroke volume (SV) given values for EDV
and ESV.
HAPS Learning Outcome: K11.2b With respect to stroke volume: Define venous return,
preload and afterload , and explain the factors that affect them as well as how each of them
affects EDV, ESV, and SV.
HAPS Learning Outcome: K11.2c With respect to stroke volume: Explain the significance of
the Frank-Starling Law of the heart.
HAPS Learning Outcome: K11.2d With respect to stroke volume: Discuss the influence of
positive and negative inotropic agents on SV.
HAPS Learning Outcome: K11.3a With respect to HR: Discuss the influence of positive and
negative chronotropic agents on HR.
HAPS Learning Outcome: K11.3b Explain the relationship between changes in HR and
changes in filling time and EDV.
Learning Objective: 12.08A. Describe intrinsic and extrinsic regulation of the heart.
Section: 12.08
12-25
Chapter 12 - Heart
39. Concerning heart sounds,

A. the first heart sound occurs at the beginning of atrial systole.
B. a heart murmur is caused by abnormal sounds associated with leaky or incompetent valves.
C. the first heart sound is the sound of the semilunar valves closing.
D. the second heart sound is the sound of the blood flowing back into the heart.
E. the first heart sound is the sound of the atrioventricular valves opening.

Section: 12.07
40. In a normal electrocardiogram (ECG or EKG),

A. the P wave results from repolarization of the atria.
B. the QRS complex results from depolarization of the ventricles.
C. the T wave represents repolarization of the ventricles.
D. during the P-R interval, the ventricles contract.
E. Both the QRS complex results from depolarization of the ventricles and the T wave
represents repolarization of the ventricles are correct relationships.

Section: 12.05
12-26
Chapter 12 - Heart
41. On an ECG, a long P-R interval might indicate

A. tachycardia.
B. an AV node block.
C. atrial fibrillation.
D. sinus arrhythmia.
E. an SA node block.

Section: 12.05
42. If an ECG indicated no P wave, a possible explanation would be

A. damage to the SA node.
B. damage to the AV node.
C. damage to ventricular muscle.
D. excessive vagus nerve stimulation.
E. ectopic beats in the ventricles.

Section: 12.05
12-27
Chapter 12 - Heart
43. Repolarization of the ventricles is shown as the ___________ on an EKG.

A. P wave
B. P-Q (or P-R) interval
C. QRS complex
D. Q-T interval
E. T wave

Section: 12.05
44. The contraction of the atria and beginning relaxation of the atria is shown as the ________
on an EKG.
A. P wave
C. QRS complex
D. Q-T interval
E. T wave

Section: 12.05
12-28
Chapter 12 - Heart
45. Depolarization of the atria is shown as the ______________ on an EKG.

A. P wave
C. QRS complex
D. Q-T interval
E. T wave

Section: 12.05
46. Depolarization of the ventricles is shown as the _________________ on an EKG.

A. P wave
C. QRS complex
D. Q-T interval
E. T wave

Section: 12.05
12-29
Chapter 12 - Heart
47. All of ventricular cells depolarizing and then repolarizing are shown as the ___________
on an EKG.
A. P wave
C. QRS complex
D. Q-T interval
E. T wave

Section: 12.05
48. Repolarization of the atria occurs during the __________ on an EKG.

A. P wave
C. QRS complex
D. Q-T interval
E. T wave

Section: 12.05
12-30
Chapter 12 - Heart
49. Which of the following structures are able to spontaneous generate an action potential?
A. the sinoatrial node (SA Node)
B. the atrioventricular node (AV Node)
C. the atrioventricular bundle
D. the right and left bundle branches
E. All of the items can spontaneously generate an action potential.

muscle.
Section: 12.05
50. Which of these statements concerning the form and location of the heart are correct?
A. The apex is the most superior part of the heart.
B. The apex is directed to the left, and deep to the fifth intercostal space.
C. The base of the heart is directed inferior and slightly posterior.
D. The most superior part of the heart is deep to the 12th intercostal space.
E. Both the apex is the most superior part of the heart and the base of the heart is directed
inferior and slightly posterior are correct.

HAPS Learning Outcome: K06.1 Describe the position of the heart in the thoracic cavity.
Learning Objective: 12.02A. Describe the size, shape, and location of the heart, and explain
why knowing its location is important.
Section: 12.02
12-31
Chapter 12 - Heart
51. The pericardium, or pericardial sac

A. is a double-layered, closed structure.
B. anchors the heart in the mediastinum.
C. has a tough fibrous connective tissue outer layer.
D. has an inner layer of squamous epithelial cells.
E. has all of these characteristics.

HAPS Learning Outcome: K06.5 Describe the layers of the pericardium and the location of
the pericardial cavity.
Learning Objective: 12.03A. Describe the structure of the pericardium.
Section: 12.03
52. The serous pericardium just internal to the fibrous pericardium is called
A. the visceral pericardium.
B. the epicardium.
C. the parietal pericardium.
D. the parietal pleura.
E. Either the visceral pericardium or the epicardium is equally correct for this structure.

HAPS Learning Outcome: K06.5 Describe the layers of the pericardium and the location of
the pericardial cavity.
Learning Objective: 12.03A. Describe the structure of the pericardium.
Section: 12.03
12-32
Chapter 12 - Heart
53. All of the following are functions of the heart EXCEPT:

A. generation of blood pressure
B. ensures one way flow of blood
C. generation of the formed elements of the blood
D. regulates rate and force of blood delivery
E. distributes oxygenated blood to tissues

HAPS Learning Outcome: K01.1 Describe the major functions of the cardiovascular system.
Learning Objective: 12.01A. List the major functions of the heart.
Section: 12.01
12-33
Chapter 12 - Heart
54. The following is a list of vessels and structures that are associated with the heart.
1) right atrium
2) left atrium
3) right ventricle
4) left ventricle
5) superior & inferior vena cava
6) aorta
7) pulmonary artery
8) pulmonary vein
9) mitrial/bicuspid valve
10) tricuspid valve
11) pulmonary semilunar valve
12) aorta semilunar valve
What is the correct order for the flow of blood entering the heart from the BODY and leaving
for PULMONARY CIRCULATION?
A. 8, 1, 10, 3, 11, 7
B. 5, 1, 10, 3, 11, 7
C. 5, 2, 9, 4, 12, 6
D. 6, 12, 1, 2, 10, 4
E. 8, 2, 3, 7, 11, 6

Section: 12.03
12-34
Chapter 12 - Heart
55. The right atrium


Section: 12.03
56. A large groove that runs around the heart, and separates the atria from the ventricles is the
A. anterior interventricular septum.
B. posterior interventricular septum.
C. coronary sinus.
D. coronary sulcus.
E. cardiac fissure.

Section: 12.03
12-35
Chapter 12 - Heart
57. The atria of the heart

A. are separated from each other by the interventricular septum.
B. function primarily as reservoirs for blood collection.
C. function primarily as the pumps of the heart.
D. receive blood from the aorta and pulmonary trunk.
E. have all of these characteristics.

Section: 12.03
12-36
Chapter 12 - Heart
58. The following is a list of vessels and structures that are associated with the heart.
1) right atrium
2) left atrium
3) right ventricle
4) left ventricle
5) superior & inferior vena cava
6) aorta
7) pulmonary artery
8) pulmonary vein
9) mitrial/bicuspid valve
10) tricuspid valve
11) pulmonary semilunar valve
12) aorta semilunar valve
What is the correct order for the flow of blood entering the heart from the LUNGS leaving for
SYSTEMIC CIRCULATION (i.e. the body)?
A. 8, 2, 9, 4, 12, 6
B. 8, 1, 10, 3, 11, 7
C. 5, 1, 10, 3, 11, 7
D. 7, 2, 9, 4, 12, 6
E. 6, 12, 1, 2, 10, 4

Section: 12.03
12-37
Chapter 12 - Heart
59. Cardiac output is equal to

A. the volume of blood pumped by either ventricle during one second.
B. the stroke volume times the number of beats per hour.
C. the volume of blood in the body times the number of beats per minute.
D. the stroke volume times the beats per minute.
E. the volume of blood in the body divided by the stroke volume.

of cardiac reserve.
and ESV.
Section: 12.08
12-38
Chapter 12 - Heart
60. Which of these factors would cause a decrease in cardiac output?

A. increased body temperature
B. increased venous return
C. clinical depression
D. increased epinephrine secretion
E. decreased blood pH

of cardiac reserve.
and ESV.
Section: 12.08
12-39
Chapter 12 - Heart
61. Which of these is NOT a factor that increases the risk for cardiovascular disease?
A. smoking
B. hypertension
C. daily aspirin use
D. chronic stress
E. lack of physical exercise

Learning Objective: 12.08B. Give the conditions for which the major heart medications and
treatments are administered.
Section: 12.08
12-40
Chapter 12 - Heart
62. The cardioregulatory center of the brain is located in the

A. hypothalamus.
B. medulla oblongata.
C. cerebrum.
D. cerebellum.
E. thalamus.

of cardiac reserve.
and ESV.
Section: 12.08
12-41
Chapter 12 - Heart
63. Fibrillation of the heart ventricles

A. reduces the cardiac output.
B. is caused by a malfunction or fluttering of the valves.
C. is typified by a reduction in the numbers of action potentials in the heart muscle.
D. causes a decrease in heart rate or bradycardia.
E. occurs when the SA node recovers from defibrillation faster than any other conducting part
of the heart.

of cardiac reserve.
and ESV.
Section: 12.08
12-42
Chapter 12 - Heart
64. All of the following occur as the cardiovascular system ages EXCEPT:
A. decrease in cardiac output
B. hypertrophy of the left ventricle
C. increased afterload
D. decreased elasticity of heart and aorta
E. increase in the overall resting heart rate

of cardiac reserve.
and ESV.
HAPS Learning Outcome: K15.1 Provide specific examples to demonstrate how the
cardiovascular system responds to maintain homeostasis in the body.
HAPS Learning Outcome: K15.2 Explain how the cardiovascular system relates to other body
systems to maintain homeostasis.
HAPS Learning Outcome: K16.1 Predict factors or situations affecting the cardiovascular
system that could disrupt homeostasis.
HAPS Learning Outcome: K16.2 Predict the types of problems that would occur in the body if
the cardiovascular system could not maintain homeostasis.
Learning Objective: 12.09A. List the major age-related changes that affect the heart.
Section: 12.09
12-43
Chapter 12 - Heart
65. Pulmonary edema normally follows soon after

A. right heart failure.
B. left heart failure.
C. complete heart failure.
D. left ventricular hypertrophy.
E. primary hypertension.

Section: 12.08
12-44
Chapter 12 - Heart
66. Which of these is NOT part of an extrinsic regulatory mechanism of the heart?
A. baroreceptor reflex
B. sympathetic or parasympathetic stimulation of the SA node
C. epinephrine secreted from the adrenal medulla
D. chemoreceptors for oxygen in the medulla oblongata
E. change in venous return

of cardiac reserve.
and ESV.
Section: 12.08
12-45
Chapter 12 - Heart
67. Which of these factors would cause an increase in heart rate?

A. increased parasympathetic stimulation
B. stimulation of baroreceptors in the aorta
C. a decrease in blood pH
D. a decrease in carbon dioxide in the blood
E. excess potassium ions

of cardiac reserve.
and ESV.
Section: 12.08
12-46
Chapter 12 - Heart
68. When blood pressure increases, a number of events occur that return blood pressure to
normal. Which of the following is NOT one of the events that occurs after an increase in
blood pressure?
A. Baroreceptors in the aorta and internal carotid arteries are stimulated.
B. Increased action potential frequency to the cardioregulatory center of the brain occurs.
C. Increased sympathetic stimulation of the heart occurs.
D. Heart rate and stroke volume decrease.
E. Blood pressure decreases.

of cardiac reserve.
and ESV.
Section: 12.08
12-47
Chapter 12 - Heart
69. Which of these conditions might an antibiotic be effective in treating?

A. angina pectoris
B. patent ductus arteriosus
C. septal defect
D. coronary heart disease
E. rheumatic heart disease

Section: 12.08
12-48
Chapter 12 - Heart
70. Cutting the vagus nerve to the heart would be expected to cause
A. the heart to quit beating.
B. the heart rate to decrease.
C. no change in heart rate.
D. the heart rate to increase.
E. an AV block.

of cardiac reserve.
and ESV.
Section: 12.08
12-49
Chapter 12 - Heart
71. Pain in the area of the chest and usually in the left arm that appears with minimal exertion
is
A. angioplasty.
B. angina pectoris.
C. an infarct.
D. pericarditis.
E. cardiac tamponade.

Section: 12.08
72. Inflammation of the serous pericardium is

A. angioplasty.
B. angina pectoris.
C. an infarct.
D. pericarditis.
E. cardiac tamponade.

Section: 12.08
12-50
Chapter 12 - Heart
73. In __________ fluid or blood accumulates in the pericardial sac, causing a potentially
fatal condition.
A. angioplasty
B. angina pectoris
C. an infarct
D. pericarditis
E. cardiac tamponade

Section: 12.08
74. The heart medication that is frequently given to people who suffer from heart failure
because it slows and strengthens contractions of the heart muscle is (are)
A. digitalis.
B. nitroglycerine.
C. beta-blockers.
D. calcium channel blockers.
E. anticoagulants.

Section: 12.08
12-51
Chapter 12 - Heart
75. The heart medication that causes a reduction in heart rate and strength of cardiac muscle
contraction is (are)
A. digitalis.
B. nitroglycerine.
C. beta-adrenergic blocking agents.
D. calcium channel blockers.
E. anticoagulants.

Section: 12.08
12-52
Chapter 12 - Heart
76. Which of the following occurs when the chemoreceptors in the medulla oblongata detect
a low blood pH?
A. Parasympathetic stimulation increases.
B. The heart rate and stroke volume decrease.
C. The adrenal medulla increases the secretion of epinephrine and norepinephrine.
D. Blood flow to the lungs decreases.
E. The cardioregulatory center decreases sympathetic stimulation.

of cardiac reserve.
and ESV.
Section: 12.08
12-53
Chapter 12 - Heart
77. If the SA node is unable to function

A. an ectopic beat may be initiated by another part of the heart.
B. the heart rate will be slower.
C. the AV node will become the pacemaker for the heart.
D. All of these are possible.
E. None of these would occur.

the heart.
Section: 12.05
78. The injection of a calcium channel blocker will cause an increase in which of the
following?
A. stroke volume
B. contractile strength
C. cardiac output
D. coronary blood flow
E. blood pressure

Section: 12.08
12-54
Chapter 12 - Heart
79. Which of these statements concerning the conduction system of the heart are true?
A. The sinoatrial (SA) node of the heart acts as the pacemaker.
B. The SA node is located on the upper wall of the left atrium.
C. The AV node conducts action potentials rapidly through it.
D. Action potentials are carried slowly through the atrioventricular bundle.
E. Both the sinoatrial (SA) node of the heart acts as the pacemaker and the SA node is located
on the upper wall of the left atrium are true.

the heart.
Section: 12.05
80. The right side of the heart forces blood to flow

A. to the body.
B. to the lungs.
C. through the systemic circulation.
D. both to the body and through the systemic circulation.
E. both to the lungs and through the systemic circulation.

Section: 12.03
12-55
Chapter 12 - Heart
81. The specialized __________ in the intercalated disks allow cytoplasm to flow freely
between adjacent cells.
A. valves
B. hemidesmosomes
C. desmosomes
D. gap junctions
E. tight junctions

cells.
muscle cells.
Section: 12.04
12-56

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Chapter 12 - Heart

Multiple Choice Questions

Bloom's Level: 04. Analyze

Bloom's Level: 01. Remember

3. Which of these statements about the coronary arteries is true?

Bloom's Level: 04. Analyze

4. Coronary arteries may become blocked

Bloom's Level: 02. Understand

Bloom's Level: 04. Analyze

6. If a valve is classified as stenosed:

Bloom's Level: 02. Understand

Bloom's Level: 01. Remember

Bloom's Level: 02. Understand

Bloom's Level: 04. Analyze

10. The bicuspid (mitral) valve

Bloom's Level: 02. Understand

11. The aortic semilunar valve

Bloom's Level: 02. Understand

12. The pulmonary semilunar valve

Bloom's Level: 02. Understand

13. The tricuspid valve

Bloom's Level: 02. Understand

Bloom's Level: 05. Evaluate

15. Like skeletal muscle, cardiac muscle:

Bloom's Level: 02. Understand

16. Papillary muscles:

Bloom's Level: 02. Understand

Bloom's Level: 02. Understand

18. The cardiac skeleton

Bloom's Level: 02. Understand

19. Which of these is NOT a characteristic of cardiac muscle?

Bloom's Level: 04. Analyze

20. Action potentials in contractile cardiac muscle cells

Bloom's Level: 02. Understand

Bloom's Level: 02. Understand

Bloom's Level: 02. Understand

23. Which of the following is true of cardiac muscle?

Bloom's Level: 04. Analyze

24. Intercalated disks in cardiac muscle

Bloom's Level: 02. Understand

25. Cardiac muscle cells

Bloom's Level: 02. Understand

Bloom's Level: 01. Remember

Bloom's Level: 01. Remember

28. Given these structures:

Bloom's Level: 05. Evaluate

29. Letter A is the

Bloom's Level: 03. Apply

30. Letter B delivers blood

Bloom's Level: 03. Apply

31. Letter C receives blood from the

Bloom's Level: 03. Apply

Bloom's Level: 03. Apply

33. The T wave on the figure is designated by the

Bloom's Level: 03. Apply

34. Depolarization of the atrial myocardium on the figure is represented by the

Bloom's Level: 03. Apply

35. Repolarization of the ventricles is represented on the figure by the

Bloom's Level: 03. Apply

Bloom's Level: 05. Evaluate

37. Ventricular systole:

Bloom's Level: 02. Understand

38. Tachycardia occurs when