Breakfast Eating Habits among High

School Students in Shaqlawa

:Prepared by

Muhammad nawzad
Muhammad hakim
Iman mustafa
Aiysha jasm
Ashna najat

Supervised by

Dr. Sanger M AHMED

2019-2020

1
Chapter One

Introduction

2
 Chapter One
Introduction
Introduction

Why is breakfast the most important meal of the day? Breakfast, as

defined by Webster's New World Dictionary, is the first meal of the day;
the term implies to break the fast. Nutritionists explain that it's the brain's
first shot of fuel for the day. " Our brain runs on glucose, or blood sugar,
stored up overnight. If we do not eat breakfast, by mid-morning that sugar
gets used up and kids as well as adults can grow tired and irritable"

Breakfast means ‘break the fast’, as the previous meal is typically 8–10
hours before waking up in the morning. Breakfast is important in re-
fuelling the body with energy and nutrients, kick-starting the day. If
breakfast is skipped, the result can be feeling lethargic and tired and lead
to difficulty concentrating and behaviour difficulties in the school
environment (Dietitians Association of Australia, 2010).

Breakfast is considered the most important meal of the day, yet many
people skip breakfast. Studies indicate that school age children who
regularly skip breakfast are not likely to concentrate in class, thus
affecting school performance(Intiful,2014)

skipping breakfast is a common practice by people around the world. The

1999-2006 National Health and Nutrition Survey of the United States
reported that between 20% and 30% of children and adolescents skipped
breakfast frequently.2 In India, the proportion of children skipping
breakfast regularly was even higher (over 50%).( Chitra, 2007).

Children require an adequate supply of nutrients for growth, energy and

to maintenance of body function .their brains rely on a constant supply of

3
nutrients in order to function properly .Eating breakfast provides children
with energy for their brains as it improves their learning skills. In Saudi
Arabia a previous study has shown that failure to eat breakfast or lack of
nutritious food for breakfast is common in childhood (AL-Oboudi, 2010)

Importance and Justification of the study

Research confirms that breakfast is the most important meal of the day
for health, academic achievement, cognitive development and mental
health. Unfortunately, many student regularly skip breakfast each
morning, depriving them of the important benefits associated with the
morning meal (Smith & Sharma, 2014)

General objective

This study aims to assess the attitude of breakfast meal among high
school students in Shaqlawa

4
Chapter two

Methodology

5
 Chapter Two
Methodology

:Research Design

Design of the study was a cross sectional study and conducted during the
period 1.12.2019 to 1.2.2020

Setting of the study

The study was conducted among high school students

Method and tools of data collection

A questionnaire will construct to collect information consist of three

categories of questions; the first, regarding demographic characteristics of
the participants, the second regarding the attitude of students regarding
breakfast meal.

:Ethical considerations

Official approval and consents was obtained from the head of Nursing
Department to conduct the study.

Statistical analysis

After completing of the field work, data was processed, extensively

reviewed. Each answer sheet was arrange by code and score, So that data
were prepared for computer use. Data was statistically analysed by using
SPSS Version 22.0 statistical software packages. Data were analysed
through the application of frequencies and percentage.

6
Chapter Three
Results

7
 Chapter Three
Results

Part one: Socio demographic data

Among nursing students, 50 students were participated in the study Most
of the 26 (52%) were male and 24 (48%) participants were female. The
majority of 18 (36%) of participants were age 15 years old. Majority 29
(58%) of the participants was in bad socio economical level.

Table 1 Socio demographic data

Socio demographic data No. %

Male 26 52
Gender
Female 24 48
15 years 18 36
Age group 16 Years 12 24
17 Years 14 28
18 Years 6 12
Bad 29 58
Economic status Moderate 18 36
Good 3 6

Part two: nursing student knowledge about hand washing

Regarding their attitude about the breakfast 45(90%) of the participants

were thought that the breakfast meal is important. Questions about the
breakfast meal is more important than other meals and possibility of
including the fruit and vegetable to the breakfast meal 46 (92%) of the
participants answered yes. The majority of the participants 48(96%) were
thought that the skipping breakfast effect the daily activities. A high
percentage 47 (94%) participants regularly eaten breakfast.

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 Table 2. Students’ knowledge about hand washing

n=50
Attitudes Responses
Number %
Yes 45 90
Do you thing breakfast meal is important?
No 5 10
The breakfast meal is more important than other Yes 46 92
meals No 4 8
Fruit and vegetable should include the breakfast Yes 34 68
meal? No 16 32
Does Skipping breakfast will affect the daily Yes 48 96
activities No 2 4
Yes 43 86
The breakfast meal should include balanced diet?
No 7 14
Yes 47 94
Do you take breakfast meal every day?
No 3 6
Yes 1 2
I skip breakfast meal because It make me obese
No 49 98
Yes 2 4
I skip breakfast meal because I don’t have appetite?
No 48 96

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Chapter Four
Discussion

Chapter Four

10
 Discussion

Breakfast is the most important meal of the day. It is directly related to

the success of students in the classroom. Students who eat breakfast
perform better, spend more time on task, and have better attendance.
Eating breakfast is a healthy discipline.

The benefits of eating breakfast are tremendous. A person who eats a

healthy breakfast feels better, looks better, can produce more cognitively
and for a longer period of time. Eating breakfast is a personal discipline
that carries over into other areas of one's life. Eating a healthy breakfast
staves off obesity, and other long -term health problems. A person who
chooses not to eat breakfast cannot regain the nutritional loss experienced
by omitting this meal. Eating breakfast should be a way of life.

References

11
DAA Dietitians Association of Australia, (2009), Breakfast, viewed 29
November 2010, [internet].[cited November 2014] available from:
http://www.daa.asn.au/index.asp?pageID=2145834395

Intiful F D & Lartey L (2014). Breakfast Habits among School Children

In Selected Communities In The Eastern Region Of Ghana. GHANA
MEDICAL JOURNAL. Vol 48(2) Available from:
http://dx.doi.org/10.4314/gmj.v48i2.3

Chitra U and R Reddy (2007).The role of breakfast in nutrient intake of

school children. Public Health Nutrtion;10(1):55-58

AL-Oboudi L M ,(2010). Impact of Breakfast Eating Pattern on

Nutritional Status, Glucose Level,Iron Status in Blood and Test Grades
among Upper Primary School Girls in Riyadh City, Saudi Arabia.
Pakistan Journal of Nutrition.Vol 9 (2): 106-111, 2010 (ISSN 1680-
5194)Available from: http://www.pjbs.org/pjnonline/fin1603.pdf

Smith C, Sharma L (2014).start school with Breakfast. Guild line to

Increasing School Breakfast Participation.USA .page 1

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