Workbook ! Audio co DEBATE Pro sey. Book XN v % _ col N ~ a a <= Bsr aKwoyDEBATE Pro Junier‘thor Jonathan § MeCialand + BAin English wit a Wing Concentration, Univrsy of Sth Carina, Cumbia, SC, USA + Fourcng ntructr at Endurance Engh Academy + Former Engi instutor at Daewon Focaign Language High Schoo! + Former currcuum devsoper at Korean Amy negence Seren! + Expert test developer of TOEFL, TOEIC, an TEPS me Junier ‘Boon Publisher rung Kyudo Editors Seo Mining, Lee Dongro Proofreader Michael A. Place Designer Zo Hwayoun Fist published in January 2018 By Darvon, ne Darakwon Bg, 211, Munbalo, Pals, Gyeonggi-do 10861 Fopsblc of Kowa “Tat 2-2-796-2001 (Ext. 250) Fax 82:2-782-2087 Copyright ©2018 Darakwon, Ie ‘Allright reserved. No part ofthis publication may be reproduced, stored in ‘retrieval system, or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic, ‘mechanical, photecopyng otherwise, without the pie consent ofthe copyright nner. Refund ater purchase is possible only according othe ‘compar regulations. Contact the above telephone number fo any inquis. Consumer damages caused ay loss, damage, etc. can be compensated _2ocording tothe consumer disput rescluton standards announced by the ‘Korea Fair Tad Comission. An incorectly elated book wl be exchanged, ‘Al photos used inthis book ae crate to Shutterstock com. Price ¥14,000 {ISBN 978-89-277-0805-6 68740 978:89.277-0802-5 62740 (eet) swvedarakwoncoikt ‘Components Main Book /Woekbook + Auclo CD 9a76sea 2021222828DEBATE Pro Junier = ~ ere ge‘These days, listening, speaking, and critical thinking skills are more important than ever. One of the best ways to develop these skills is through learning debate. The Debate Pro Junior series is designed to provide students with a high-beginner to low-intermediate EFL ability with a sound understanding of debate. The series consists of four sets of books, each of which includes a main book and a workbook. The main book features ten debate topics with a variety of exercises that help students comprehend the arguments in the passage and develop their own arguments. The workbook supplements the main book by helping students create supporting examples by conducting surveys of classmates and doing additional research. The workbook can be used in class and for homework. Each book contains an audio CD with recordings of the reading passages and opinion examples for every unit. There is also a teacher's guide available at www.darakwon.co.kr that includes answer keys and sample answers for every unit as well as teaching tips and suggestions for supplementing the material. The Debate Pro Junior series has the following features: * Ten different debate topics per book covering a range of themes, including schools, society, relationships, and technology * Reading passages that provide arguments both for and against the given topic * Exercises that require students to formulate arguments and examples about each topic * Sample opinions and argument examples that help students develop their own argumentsUnit O7, 2 g About This Book Judging New People Making Decisions Gasoline Cars Choosing College Majors Saving Money ‘Standardized Tests Mandatory Voting Free Health Care Mobile Phones at Schools: Paying Taxes 06 09 a 49 87 6 73 81About This Book J Warm-Up & Introducing the Topic ‘Three warm-up questions ask students to draw upon their experiences related to the topic. A short paragraph between 50 and 80 words provides general information about the topic, which will enable students to anticipate and understand the arguments in Judging New People Learning about the Topic. Learning about the Topic This section consists of a single reading passage between 200 and 260 words in length. The passage introduces the main arguments and specific arguments both in favor of and against the topic. Vocabulary Check & Comprehension Questions Each reading passage is followed by five vocabulary questions to improve students’ vocabulary, Each reading passage includes four paired- choice reading comprehension questions. The questions ask students about the main idea of the passage as well as information and reasoning from the passage Building Arguments This section consists of four multiple-choice questions that require students to choose ‘a main argument and a logical supporting argument, a supporting example, and a counterargument, Students will develop both their reading and critical thinking skills through this exercise. Opinion Examples In this section, two opinion examples both for and against the topic are provided. Students are required to complete a summary of the main idea for each example.eyeing paring SSS Planning Your Supporting Arguments fossoonnananaanteaniantad This section includes two sample supporting arguments, each for AGREE and DISAGREE. At the bottom of the page, students are given a space to outline their supporting arguments and ‘examples, Organizing Supporting Arguments In this section, students are given four example supporting arguments. The arguments may come from the reading passage, or they may be new arguments not presented in the book. Students must decide which arguments correspond with the given main argument. Making Your Arguments This section consists of a chart that outlines a debate response and provides sample phrases to help students use proper debate language.Unit 01 Q Warm-Up ‘Answer the following questions with a partner. @ Do you enjoy meeting new people? @ What do you usually notice when you meet someone for the first time? © Can you judge someone from one meeting? Judging New People Introducing the Topic & When we meet new people, we try to understand what kind of people they are. We want to know if they are nice people who can help us. We want to make sure they are not going to hurt us. So we look for characteristics that tell us about their personalities. We consider the way they dress. talk, and act. From these, we get a first impression of them.Learning about the Topic Is it okay to judge people based on our first a impressions? # Read the passage and underline the supporting arguments in paragraphs 2 and 3. When we meet someone new, we look for character traits that help us understand what type of person that individual is. Based on our thoughts and feelings, we create a first impression. This affects our opinion of that person. Is judging people based on our first impressions a good idea? Judging People Based on First Impressions Is Okay For one, first impressions are usually accurate. When we talk to new people for just a few minutes, we can often figure out their character types correctly. In one experiment, participants talked to new people only for three minutes. They had the same opinions of these people as others who have known them for years. Second, judging people this way has developed due to evolution. We judge strangers to decide if they are friendly or not. In the past, this was important for survival. As a result, people can instinctively decide whether someone is good or bad. Judging People Based on First Impressions Is Not Okay For one, first impressions are based on limited data. We often judge people based on how they dress or talk, But these are superficial factors. They do not help us deeply understand people’s personaliti Second, our judgements can be prejudiced. A person might have traits that we have negative feelings about. For instance, you can meet someone whose voice reminds you of someone you do not like. As a result, you will probably have a bad impression of that person. This impression is not fair or correct.Vocabulary Check % Choose the correct words to complete the following sentences. prejudiced impression superficial instinctively trait 1. Most baby animals can recognize their mothers 2. This painting made a strong on me. 3. Honesty is the most important a person needs to become a police officer. 4. It is not good to be against people who are different. 5. | only have a(n) understanding of biology. | don’t know much about it. Comprehension Questions #% Check the correct answer for each question. 1. What evidence suggests that first impressions are accurate? Participants in experiments can judge other people more correctly. First impressions are the same as others’ long-term opinions of a person. 2. Why was judging people based on first impressions important in the past? People needed accurate judgements to help them survive. People used to help one another more often in the past. 3. Whats a problem of judging people based on superficial factors? They do not show us the deeper parts of someone's personality, They often show what people like and do not like. 4. How can a person’s traits sometimes create a wrong impression? They can suggest something different about a person's character. They can remind people of someone they do not like.ding Arguments When you debate, you need to build clear arguments. First, you must choose good supporting arguments for your main argument. Then, you must make supporting examples for each supporting argument. Finally, you need to explain why your opponent's arguments are wrong. This is called a counterargument. ‘Supportint ‘Supportin: + PPOIENSED » porting Main Argument cetiante Examples Counterargument #% Read the questions below and choose the best answers to the questions. 1. Which sentence best summarizes the main argument in favor of judging people based on first impressions? a. We can only know people after meeting them many times. b. First impressions are the easiest way to judge people. c. It is always important to make a good first impression. 2. Which sentence is a supporting argument for the main argument you chose above? a. People who make good first impressions are more successful. b. People can make instinctive judgements about others. c. We cannot know someone’s real personality after one meeting. 3. Which sentence gives a good supporting example for the supporting argument you chose above? a. The ability to judge by first impressions comes from evolution. b. First impressions are wrong more than half the time. c. Our first impressions do not change over time. 4. Which sentence is the best counterargument against the opposite team? a. First impressions are less important today because of social media. b. People’s first impressions are based mostly on appearance. c. People’s instincts about others are usually right. 2Opinion Examples % Read the students’ opinions and fill in the blanks with the right words. It is okay to judge people based on our first impressions. Judging people based on first impressions is wrong! & We don't have enough information to judge someone from a first impression, We can only see how that person talks, dresses, on acts. But this is not very much information, We are not sure if we can be friends based on a first impression, It takes time to know a person, In other words, we can’t tell what kind of person someone is just from one meeting. Summary Chris thinks that first impressions do not give us enough to someone. That’s not how I see it. First impressions are usually right. fb Scientists have found out that first impressions are right most of the time, People have a natural ability to tell if Someone is a good person. We can tell by the way someone treats us when we first meet that person, This is an important ability that has developed through evolution, So most of the time, we should trust our instinctive feelings about someone. summary Michelle argues that people's ability to judge people has developed throughMM dddddddddddddddddddddddddddddddddddddddddddddddddddddddddddddddddddddddddddddddddddddd Organizing Supporting Arguments % Choose the two correct supporting arguments for each main argument and write them on the lines below.Planning Your Supporting Arguments It is okay to judge people based on our first impressions. What are your arguments? Get into two groups and plan for the debate. Decide if you AGREE or DISAGREE with the main argument. Then, read the example arguments below and the research from your workbook. Use them to plan your supporting arguments and examples. Example Supporting Arguments AGREE DISAGREE © Supporting Argument: For one, our ‘* Supporting Argument: For one, itis hard ability to judge people has developed to figure out people's personalities just because of the need to survive, so we : from one meeting, can trust our judgements, ‘* Supporting Example: For instance, when © Supporting Example: For instance, they humans lived in small groups and hunted | act nicer than usual to make people like for food, we needed the help of others. We | them, Therefore, their actions do not have developed the ability to tell if we can | show their true personalities. This is why trust someone or not. This was a basic we should not be too hasty to judge survival instinct, and we still have it. people. % \rite an outline for your supporting arguments and examples on the lines below. 15Making Your Arguments What is your opinion? Do you think it is okay to judge people based on our first impressions? Choose your opinion and then make your arguments. AGREE DISAGREE | My feeling is that people can judge others based on first impressions judging people based on first impressions is usually wrong | To start off, In detail, Our opponents believe that | think their opinion is wrong sinceUnit § Making 02 Decisions Q Warm-Up ‘Answer the following questions with a partner. @® Do you find making decisions alone easy or not? ®@ What decisions do you usually make with your friends? © Do you prefer to make decisions alone or as a group? Introducing the Topic & Research suggests that adults make 35,000 decisions a day. Those decisions can be very important, like what major to choose at a college, They can also be simple decisions, like what snacks to eat after class. These small decisions are things we can do alone. But if we have a big decision to make, we may want to get advice from others. If our decision affects other people. we may want to ask those who are affected.Learning about the Topic Is it better to make decisions as a group? oe # Read the passage and underline the supporting arguments in paragraphs 2 and 3. Our lives are filled with decisions. We make easy decisions such as what food to eat for lunch, We make more serious decisions such as what job to take. Then there are decisions that can affect other people. We can make these decisions alone or with other people. But which way is better? Making Decisions as a Group Is Better To start, we can use a team’s strengths. This relates to the concept of synergy. Synergy is the idea that groups can do better work than individuals can do alone. Groups can use each member's specific knowledge and experience. As a result, they can make more effective decisions than people can by themselves. Next, groups make it easier to present ideas. In a group, no one member is responsible for the outcome. So people will feel less pressure to share their ideas. This helps groups come up with better solutions than individuals. Making Decisions Alone Is Better To start, we can make the most appropriate decision. When a group makes decisions, groupthink is a problem, This is when the members agree to decisions just to make the other members happy. But these decisions are often not optimal. A study in 1991 found that foreign policy groups made bad decisions just to make everyone in the group satisfied. Next, making decisions alone can be faster. When we have to choose something alone, we can make an immediate decision. In groups, all the members must reach an agreement. This can take more time.Vocabulary Check % Choose the correct words to complete the following sentences. outcome synergy immediate optimal came up with 1. [finally this great idea and won the game. 2. Groups can create when they work on the project together. 3. In conditions, this tree can live for 100 years. 4. The government failed to take action. 5. We were very happy with the of our work. Comprehension Questions % Check the correct answer for each question. 1. What does synergy relate to? Synergy relates to using a team’s emotions. Synergy relates to using a team’s strengths. 2. Why do people feel less pressure in a group? __. Because no member takes responsibility for the outcome alone Because members in a group do not care about the outcome 3. How can groupthink cause problems? People start to think like everyone else. People make bad decisions just to make others happy. 4. Why does making decisions as a group take longer than making them alone? __| Because all members need to agree to a decision Because individuals are smarter than groupsBuilding Arguments When you debate, you need to build clear arguments. First, you must choose good supporting arguments for your main argument. Then, you must make supporting examples for each supporting argument. Finally, you need to explain why your opponent's arguments are wrong. This is called a counterargument. Supporting ‘Supporting Main Argument <> arguments. ® Examples) Counterargument x Read the questions below and choose the best answers to the questions. 1. Which sentence best summarizes the main argument in favor of making decisions as a group? a. It is easier to come up with ideas as a group. b. Groupthink can cause groups to make bad decisions. c. Itis faster to make decisions alone. 2. Which sentence is a supporting argument for the main argument you chose above? a. Individuals have more freedom than groups. b. Group decisions are too slow to be effective. c. Groups can use each member's knowledge to come up with ideas. 3. Which sentence gives a good supporting example for the supporting argument you chose above? a. When a mistake is made, the group needs someone to blame. b, Groups can think of more and various solutions than individuals. c. If we need to make urgent decisions, it is better to do that alone. 4. Which sentence is the best counterargument against the opposite team? a. Groups cannot think clearly or creatively. b. Individuals are much more likely to be right in their choices. c. Individuals may feel more pressure and make wrong decisions. 20Opinion Examples % Read the students’ opinions and fill in the blanks with the right words. Crm tc It is better to make decisions as a group. I think groups make better decisions. Groups make better decisions than individuals, When I have a project at school with my classmates, sometimes we need to make decisions about what to do on the project. Everyone can share his or her ideas and write them down on paper, This way, I can find more good ideas than I can think of on my own, We can then decide together what. we think the best idea is, summary Kayla believes that ____ can make better decisions when everyone shares their That’s not right! Individuals make better choices. I think individuals make better choices. Sometimes I say yes to something just to make my friends happy even though I don’t like it. For example, during recess, my friends and I decide what game to play. I like soccer, but they like baseball more, So I usually play baseball just because I do not want to argue with them, Sometimes it is better to make my own choice without my friends. Summary Jackson sometimes agrees with his friends’ just because he doesn’t want to 21VILTLLLILELL ISLA APL EELSL ELL OL YAEL ATED LAPS ELTA LESS EASELS PEL YES ES SPE OL PPE ESOL 2 Organizing Supporting Arguments % Choose the two correct supporting arguments for each main argument and write them on the lines below. 22Planning Your Supporting Arguments It is better to make decisions as a group. What are your arguments? Get into two groups and plan for the debate. Decide if you AG below and the research from your workbook. Use them to plan your supporting E or DISAGREE with the main argument. Then, read the example arguments arguments and examples. Example Supporting Arguments AGREE DISAGREE © Supporting Argument: First of all, groups | © Supporting Argument: First of all, have better tools to make decisions. | individuals can increase efficiency. ‘* Supporting Example: To be specific, | ‘* Supporting Example: To be specific, think members of a group can use their there is only one person analyzing different skills together. For example, | information and making @ judgement. this person is good at summarizing, and | —_ This means less time and energy going another has good computer skills, A group | into a final decision, It becomes easier to can combine these skills and make a | make a decision quickly. synergistic effect. % \Nrite an outline for your supporting arguments and examples on the lines below. 23Making Your Arguments What is your opinion? Do you think it is better to make decisions as a group? Choose your opinion and then make your arguments. AGREE DISAGREE | It is my belief that making decisions as a group is better making decisions as individuals is better | My first argument is that What | mean is that The other team believes that | think this is wrong sinceUnit Gasoline Cars 03 Q Warm-Up Introducing the To, Answer the following questions with a partner. Most people drive gasoline cars these days. It is Do you think cars make too much said that gasoline cars cause air pollution and pollution? damage nature. Cars burn gasoline, which @ How can people make less pollution? produces harmful pollutants. To save the earth, many people are thinking about driving electric cars. Instead of gasoline, they use electricity as fuel. This is an environmentally friendly way to travel. © How will people travel in the future?Learning about the Topic Should electric cars replace gasoline cars? a % Read the passage and underline the supporting arguments in paragraphs 2 and 3. ‘The Swedish company Volvo became the first major car company to announce that it will no longer make gasoline cars. Soon, all its new cars will be electric vehicles only. Is it now time to ban gasoline cars altogether? Replace Gasoline Cars First, gas cars create too much pollution. Gas engines burn fossil fuels. They create pollutants that seriously harm nature. Many scientists also believe that gasoline cars have made global warming worse. If we ban gasoline cars, we can help save the environment. Second, electric cars are much cheaper. Electric cars can be recharged just by plugging them in. This costs much less than putting gas into your car. For instance, charging an electric car fully costs about $3. But a full tank of gas can cost $40 or more. Keep Gasoline Cars First, the technology for electric cars is still not perfect. Gasoline cars can go farther than most electric cars. They can go over 500 kilometers on a single tank of gas. Some electric cars such as ones made by Tesla offer a greater driving range. But many electric cars can only go about 150 kilometers on one charge. Second, our road systems are still not designed for electric cars. If you drive down a highway, there are plenty of gas stations. However, there are very few places to recharge electric cars. It will take a lot of time and money to build electric car charging stations. For now, driving gasoline cars is more convenient. 26Vocabulary Check % Choose the correct words to complete the following sentences. pollutants designed charging technology announced 1. Anew factory increased the amount of in my city. 2. My teacher today that we would take a field trip next week. 3. For now, we do not have the medical to cure all diseases. 4. This program is to help young kids understand foreign cultures. 5. You can use your smartphone after its battery. Comprehension Questions # Check the correct answer for each question. 1. Why are gasoline cars harmful to the environment? They produce pollutants and make global warming worse. They cause heavy traffic jams on the roads. 2. Why is it cheaper to use an electric car? It can be charged in a very short time. It costs about $3 to fully charge an electric car. 3. How far can a car go with a single tank of gasoline? A car with a full tank of gasoline can go 150km. | Acar with a full tank of gasoline can go 500km 4. Which is easier to find on highways? Highways have plenty of electric car charging stations. Highways have plenty of gasoline stations for cars. 27Building Arguments When you debate, you need to build clear arguments. First, you must choose good supporting arguments for your main argument. Then, you must make supporting examples for each supporting argument. Finally, you need to explain why your opponent's arguments are wrong. This is called a counterargument. ‘Supporting Supporting Main Argument =} arguments “® Examples) Counterargument #% Read the questions below and choose the best answers to the questions. 1. Which sentence best summarizes the main argument in favor of using electric cars? a. Highway systems are not designed for electric cars. b. Electric cars are much more efficient than gasoline cars. ¢. Gasoline cars go much farther than electric cars 2. Which sentence is a supporting argument for the main argument you chose above? a. There are not many electric car charging stations. b. Electric cars only go about 150km before they need recharging, c. Electric cars are much cheaper to run than gasoline cars. 3. Which sentence gives a good supporting example for the supporting argument you chose above? a. It costs $3 to charge an electric car but more than $40 for a tank of gas. b. Electric cars are safer to drive than gasoline cars. c. It costs more money to change the tires on an electric car. 4. Which sentence is the best counterargument against the opposite team? a. Electric cars will be able to travel farther in the future. b. Electric car charging stations will be too expensive to build. c. Electric cars will be very expensive to buy in the future. 28Opinion Examples % Read the students’ opinions and fill in the blanks with the right words. ir Cetin Electric cars should replace gasoline cars. Electric cars are much cleaner. That’s why they’re better! Gab I think electric cars are better than gasoline cars because they do not make so much pollution, These days, people are worried about ain pollution, Gasoline cars release large Amounts of carbon dioxide into the air, This causes clean air to get dirty, so it is hard for people to breathe. But electric cars don’t make any carbon dioxide. So they’re much better for the environment. Summary Chris thinks electric cars are better for the _ because they do not cause air I disagree! Gasoline cars are much better. bb Sometimes when we drive our cars, we need to go long distances. When I go on trips with my parents, I can See many gas stations on the highways. We don’t worry about running out of gas, But I almost never see charging stations for electric cars, If your electric car runs out of electricity, you might not be able to charge it. This is why gasoline cars are more convenient. Summary Michelle thinks there are not enough _ _______ stations for —__.. Cars. 29MM ddddddddddddddddddddddddddddddddddddddddddddddddddddddddddddddddddddddddddddddddddddd Organizing Supporting Arguments #% Choose the two correct supporting arguments for each main argument and write ‘them on the lines below. 30Planning Your Supporting Arguments Electric cars should replace gasoline cars. What are your arguments? Get into two groups and plan for the debate. Decide if you or DISAGREE with the main argument. Then, read the example arguments below and the research from your workbook. Use them to plan your supporting arguments and examples. Example Supporting Arguments AGREE DISAGREE * Supporting Argument: First, electric * Supporting Argument: First, gasoline cars are better for the environment than cars can go much farther than electric gasoline cars cars, © Supporting Example: To be more specific, | * Supporting Example: To be more specific, gasoline cars release harmful gases. ! gasoline cars can travel for about 500km Too many gasoline cars pollute the | without needing to stop, but electric cars environment, However, electric carsdo | —_can only travel for 150km. This can be not produce any harmful pollutants. They inconvenient for drivers because they are safer for the environment. | need to recharge the cars too often. % Write an outline for your supporting arguments and examples on the lines below. 31Making Your Arguments What is your opinion? Do you think electric cars should replace gasoline cars? Choose your opinion and then make your arguments. AGREE DISAGREE | It is my belief that people should drive more electric cars on our roads gasoline cars are more convenient than electric cars | My first reason is that What | mean is that The other team believes that | disagree with this becauseQ What is your favorite subject at school? What subject is the most difficult for you? What do you want to major in a college? No matter how smart you are, it will be important to focus on a main subject in a college. Everyone knows that choosing a college is a big decision, but fewer students pay the same attention to selecting the right major. Your major will affect your career choices after graduation. It can offer you the opportunity to follow career paths and to create your own future.Learning about the Topic Should students choose college majors based fa on their academic interests? % Read the passage and underline the supporting arguments in paragraphs 2 and 3. For many people, one of the most important decisions they make is going to college. Once they enter college, many students struggle to choose their majors. Some students choose their majors based on the subjects they enjoy. Is this the best way to pick college majors? Choose Based on Academic Interests First, college students should explore their academic interests. College students have the freedom to learn what they are interested in. Their curiosity and effort will naturally lead to excellent academic performance. This way, they can find out what they really want to do with their lives. In addition, students who choose their majors just because of their job potential may have a hard time finishing college. Their majors could be too challenging or boring for them. As a result, they might switch majors too often or drop out of college. Choose Based on Other Factors First, some majors lead to jobs that pay more money. Science and math majors usually get higher-paying jobs. For instance, engineering graduates in the U.S. earn an average salary of $90,000 a year. In contrast, graduates with arts and education degrees only earn around $40,000 a year. So students should consider the financial benefits when choosing majors. In addition, people's interests can change over time. In college, they might like subjects different than the ones they liked in high school. Students who enjoyed math in high school may find college math courses uninteresting. Instead, they might enjoy other courses much more. 34Vocabulary Check % Choose the correct words to complete the following sentences. Li - to remember the names of my classmates. 2. My friends receive ______ support from their schools. 3. Susan wanted to - of the race, but she did not give up. 4. Psychologists are asked to actively important issues. 5. She has the to be a great scientist. Comprehension Questions % Check the correct answer for each question. 1. Why is it better for students to major in subjects they like? Because their curiosity will help them get better grades Because they do not need to work hard to get good grades 2. What can happen to students who choose majors based on job potential? | They might change their majors more often than other students. "| They are more likely to graduate earlier than other students. 3. Why do some people consider salary first when choosing a major? |_| Because some majors lead to much higher-paying jobs Because most companies only hire college graduates 4. How can it be a problem for students to major in subjects they liked in high school? {_] Life in college can be tougher than life in high school. One's academic interests can change over time. 35Building Arguments When you debate, you need to build clear arguments. First, you must choose good supporting arguments for your main argument. Then, you must make supporting examples for each supporting argument. opponent’s arguments are wrong, This is called a counterargument. inally, you need to explain why your ‘Supporting Supporting Main Argument =) arguments ® Examples) Counterargument # Read the questions below and choose the best answers to the questions. 1. Which sentence best summarizes the main argument in favor of letting students choose their majors based on their interests? a. Students can always depend on their parents for financial support. b. Students who study something they love will study harder. c. Itis usually more expensive to study unpopular majors. 2. Which sentence is a supporting argument for the main argument you chose above? a. Students will be happier and perform better in subjects they care about. b. Earning a high salary is the most important thing when choosing a major. c. College students need to study abroad to get experience. 3. Which sentence gives a good supporting example for the supporting argument you chose above? a. Students who study what they like do not have to work hard, b. Students who enjoy learning about history will do well in history classes. c. College is a time to relax and not to worry about money and the future. 4. Which sentence is the best counterargument against the opposite team? a. College students are still too young to know what they are passionate about. b. College students should be serious and make plans for adulthood. c. Studying what you love can help you be successful in the future. 36Opinion Examples % Read the students’ opinions and fill in the blanks with the right words. Students should choose their college majors based on their academic interests. Studying the subjects you like is better. College is a time to learn about the subjects that interest you. So it makes sense to study the subjects you enjoy. When I attend college, I will select my major based on my passion for languages. My favorite subject is English, and I perform much better in English class than in math class, It is better for me to study something that I already know I am good at. summary Kayla believes that____ students should learn about subjects that __ College is for preparing for your career, not for having fun. hb I believe that college students should study what will help them earn a high salary. For some students, this means they will have to study subjects they don't enjoy. College affects the nest of your life, So it is important to learn subjects that will be helpful for your future career, You can still follow your passion in your free time, but the major you choose will affect your entire future, Summary Jackson says that college students should subjects that will be helpful for theirVILLLLLIETLTL ELT L LLL LAELIA TTT L ELLE T IATL TELLS TELLS TLASILA ATLL 0 Organizing Supporting Arguments % Choose the two correct supporting arguments for each main argument and write them on the lines below. 38Planning Your Supporting Arguments DET Students should choose their college majors based on their academic interests. What are your arguments? Get into two groups and plan for the debate. Decide if you AGREE or DISAGREE with the main argument. Then, read the example arguments below and the research from your workbook. Use them to plan your supporting arguments and examples. Example Supporting Arguments AGREE © Supporting Argument: For starters, following one’s interests leads to better academic performance and successful employment. ‘* Supporting Example: For example, if you have an excellent academic standing, that | shows you are a hardworking person, This is what most companies want for their employees. No matter what you major in, you will have no problem getting a job if you study hard. DISAGREE * Supporting Argument: For starters, some majors help students get jobs that pay much more money than other majors, ‘+ Supporting Example: For example, those with computer science degrees earn about $80000 a year, This is about two times more than what art majors earn, If a person wants to be paid a lot, he or she needs to choose a major that makes it possible to earn more money. % Write an outline for your supporting arguments and examples on the lines below. 39Making Your Arguments What is your opinion? Do you think students should choose their college majors based on their academic interests? Choose your opinion and then make your arguments. AGREE () DISAGREE | | believe that students should choose their majors based on the subjects that interest them other factors that can affect their futures | To begin with, This means that The opposite side says But this is wrong because &Q & There are times when we have extra money after What do you spend your money on? paying for our basic needs. How should this 2 Denar Rene rcan aan Coniteeecent) extra money be used? Should it be spent on luxuries now or saved for a rainy day? Learning Do you save money? how to spend money well is an important skill The amount of money we spend or save now can have a big effect on our futures.Learning about the Topic Should people save money for the future? a % Read the passage and underline the supporting arguments in paragraphs 2 and 3. Money is one of the most important things in the world today. The amount of money we earn is important, but how we spend our money also matters. Some people feel that we should save our money for the future. Others think it is okay to spend as much money as we want now. Which opinion is better? ‘Save Money for the Future First, saving money makes the future more stable. If you save money, you will not have to totally depend on your salary to live. If you have saved money, you will feel more secure and not worry about losing your job or having enough money in the future. Saved money can be your rainy-day fund in an emergency. Next, saving money lets us make more money. We can save money in the bank and earn interest. We can also invest money in successful businesses. These ways help our money grow more quickly, giving us ¢' ‘n more financial security. Spend Money Now First, we should spend more money for the sake of the economy. Spending money is essential for businesses. When businesses become successful, they can provide new jobs. This can make the economy healthy. If people do not spend enough money, the economy could be harmed in the long term. Next, spending money makes us happier. Studies show that people get enjoyment from memorable experiences, such as going on vacation and seeing performances at the theater. Having fun now is better than saving money since we may not be able to use our savings later. 42Vocabulary Check % Choose the correct words to complete the following sentences. memorable emergency essential economy stable 1. If there is a(n) . you should call the police. 2. The movie was so that | can’t stop thinking about it. 3. Children need a(n) home life to grow up happy. 4. The president worked to make sure the remained strong. 5. Water is for life. Every living thing needs water to survive. Comprehension Questions # Check the correct answer for each question. 1. How does saving money make your future more stable? You do not have to worry about money for any emergencies. You can afford more expensive things that will make you happier. 2. How can saving money increase your fortune? We can start our own businesses with saved money. Saved money earns interest in the bank. 3. How can spending money benefit businesses? Spending money helps start new companies. Spending money helps make the economy strong. 4. Why is it better to enjoy our money now? Because we may not be able to spend our money later Because our savings might not be enough in the future 43Building Arguments When you debate, you need to build clear arguments. First, you must choose good supporting arguments for your main argument. Then, you must make supporting examples for each supporting argument. Finally, you need to explain why your opponent's arguments are wrong, This is called a counterargument. ‘Supporting ‘Supporting Main Argument} — arguments ® Examples) > Counterargument # Read the questions below and choose the best answers to the questions. 1. Which sentence best summarizes the main argument in favor of saving money? a. It takes a long time to save a lot of money. b. A savings account with a lot of money makes life more stable. c. Everybody needs a bank account to save money in. 2. Which sentence is a supporting argument for the main argument you chose above? a. Spending money now lets us do more fun activities. b. Some people save money, but others prefer to spend it. c. Saved money can help you a lot when an emergency happens. 3. Which sentence gives a good supporting example for the supporting argument you chose above? a. People with large savings accounts can invest their money in businesses. b. Saved money can be used if you suddenly lose your job. c. People who save money are less likely to lose their jobs. 4, Which sentence is the best counterargument against the opposite team? a. By saving money, you can achieve long-term goals such as buying a house. b. We might not need the money we save now in the future, c. People today do not save as much money as they used to.jon Examples # Read the students’ opinions and fill in the blanks with the right words. People should save money for the future. &ab We all need to save money! Ever since I first started earning money, I have saved 8S much as possible in the bank, That way, I can be more prepared for the future, The reason is that saved money earns interest, and I want to have more money in the future. With that money I'll be able to buy things that I can’t buy right now, The ability to buy bigger things like a car and a house will help me make my life better later. Summary Chris wants to be . for his future by his money now. There’s no time like the present to spend money. &sb Saving money seems like 4 good idea, But we don’t know what will happen tomorrow. That’s why it’s better to spend some money we have now. If we save money, there is a chance we can’t use it later as we plan, Or we might lose the money in bad investments, If we spend the money now, we can be sure to use the money and to enjoy it. Summary Michelle says we do not _ ___. what will happen in the future, so itis ______.______ to spend some money now. 45VLELELLLLLLLLLLAL ELL ELEL EEL ELAS ELE EL LS EEPEEE ED EATS PEED A EEE PEELS EEE EE EEP EEE E EEE E ESE ESO 2 Organizing Supporting Arguments 4% Choose the two correct supporting arguments for each main argument and write them on the lines below.Planning Your Supporting Arguments People should save money for the future. What are your arguments? Get into two groups and plan for the debate. Decide if you AGRE! below and the research from your workbook. Use them to plan your supporting or DISAGREE with the main argument. Then, read the example arguments arguments and examples. Example Supporting Arguments AGREE DISAGREE © Supporting Argument: To start, saving © Supporting Argument: To start, money money makes it easy to prepare for the | —_can be spent today to create memories future and makes life more stable. | that will make us happier. ‘* Supporting Example: What | mean is that | © Supporting Example: What | mean is that | being happy now is just as important as being happy in the future, We should not or lose our jobs unexpectedly, we can still spend all our time worrying about the have money to live on. | future. We should live now. money that has been saved can be used for an emergency. If we have an accident % \write an outline for your supporting arguments and examples on the lines below. 47