Possible written reports:

---+ Jack told Tom that he couldn't go to the game next week because he didn't have enough money
for a ticket.
---+ When Tom asked Jack why he couldn't go to the game next week, Jack said he didn't have enough
money for a ticket.
---+ Jack said he couldn't go to the game next week. When Tom asked him why, Jack replied that he
didn't have enough money for a ticket.
1. ALEX: What are you doing?
LEA: I'm drawing a picture.
2. AsAKo: Do you want to go to a movie Sunday night?
MARTA: I'd like to, but I have to study.
3. JOHNNY: How old are you, Mrs. Robinson?
.MR.s. ROBINSON: It's not polite to ask people their age.
JOHNNY: How much money do you make?
MRS. ROBINSON: T hat's impolite too.

EXERCISE 411)> Warm-up. (Chart 12-9)

Choose the correct verb in each sentence.
1. It's important that we be I are on time to our own wedding!
2. My brother insists that he speak I speaks at our wedding dinner.

12-9 The Subjunctive in Noun Clauses

(a) The teacher demands that we be on time.
(b) I insisted that he pay me the money.
(c) I recommended that she not go to the concert.
(d) It is important that they be told the truth.
I In (a): be is a subjunctive verb; its subject is we.
Sentences with subjunctive verbs generally stress
importance or urgency. A subjunctive verb uses the
simple form of a verb. It does not have present, past, or
future forms; it is neither singular nor plural. A subjunctive
verb is used in that-clauses with the verbs and
expressions listed at the bottom of this chart.
In (b): pay (not pays, not paid) is a subjunctive verb; it is
in its simple form, even though its subject (he) is singular.
Negative: not + simple form, as in (c).
Passive: simple form of be + past participle, as in (d).

(e) I suggested/recommended that she see a doctor. Should is also possible after suggest and recommend:
( f ) I suggested/recommended that she should see a doctor. I
I
Common verbs and expressions followed by the subjunctive in a noun clause
advise (that) propose (that) it is essential (that) it is critical (that)
ask (that) recommend (that) it is imperative (that) it is necessary (that)
demand (that) request (that) it is important (that) it is vital (that)
insist (that) suggest (that)

*The subjunctive is more common in American English than British English. In British English, should + simple form is
more usual than the subjunctive: The teacher insists that we should be on time.

Noun Clauses 267

EXERCISE 42 .. Looking at grammar. (Chart 12 -9)
Complete each sentence with the correct form of the verb in parentheses.
In a Courtroom
1. The court clerk has advised that everyone (stand up) __s�t�a_n�d_u_,_p__ when the judge enters
the room.
2. It is essential that people (turn off) ______ their
cell phones.
3. It is important that everyone (dress)-------­
appropriately for court.
4. The clerk has asked that the witness (tell) ______
the truth and nothing but the truth.
5. The jury has asked that the judge (explain) ______ the instructions one more time.
6. The judge insisted that everyone (be) ______ quiet when the verdict was read.

EXERCISE 43 .. Looking at grammar. (Chart 12- 9)

Choose the correct verb. Some are active and some are passive.
Naming a Baby
1. The hospital requested that the parents provide I be provided a name for the birth certificate.
2. The grandparents insisted that the baby give I be given a traditional name.
3. A sibling asked that the parents choose I be chosen a popular name.
4. A cousin suggested that the baby name I be named after a great-grandmother.
5. The parents requested that they allow I be allowed to choose a name without any outside help.

EXERCISE 44 .. Looking at grammar. (Chart 12-9)

Complete each sentence with the correct form of the verb. Use the words in the box. Some are
active and some are passive. NOTE: share is used twice.

lock share show up turn off use wear

Work Rules
1. It is important that everyone -------- for work on time.
2. It is critical that everyone-------- an ID badge while at work.
3. It is vital that employees not---------- computer passwords with other employees.
4. It is vital that computer passwords not by employees.
5. It is important that the heat in offices at the end of the day.
6. It is imperative that the last person out of the office the door.
7. Management has requested that employees not ________ social media for personal
purposes during work hours.

268 CHAPTER 12
EXERCISE 45 • Check your knowledge. (Chapter 12 Review)
Correct the errors.
1. Tell the taxi driver where do you want to go.
2. My roommate came into the room and asked me why aren't you in class? I said I am waiting
for a telephone call from my family.
3. It was my first day at the university, and I am on my way to my first class. I wondered who else
will be in the class. What the teacher would be like?
4. My professor asked me that what did I intend to do after I graduate?
5. What does a patient tell a doctor it is confidential.
6. What my friend and I did it was our secret. We didn't even tell our parents what did we do.
7. The doctor asked that I felt OK. I told him that I don't feel well.
8. I asked him what kind of movies does he like, he said me, I like romantic movies.
9. Is true you almost drowned? my friend asked me. Yes, I said. I'm
really glad to be alive. It was really frightening.
10. It is a fact that I almost drowned makes me very careful about water
safety when I go swimming.
11. I didn't know where am I supposed to get off the bus, so I asked the
driver where is the science museum. She tell me the name of the
street. She said she will tell me when should I get off the bus.
12. My mother did not live with us. When other children asked me
where was my mother, I told them she is going to come to visit me very soon.
13. When I asked the taxi driver to drive faster, he said I will drive faster if you pay me more. At
that time I didn't care how much would it cost, so I told him to go as fast as he can.
14. My parents told me is essential to know English if I want to study at an American university.

EXERCISE 46 • Reading and writing. (Chapter 12 Review)

Part I. Read the passage. Underline the three noun clauses. Which one has the subjunctive?
Plagiarism
Simon is researching the topic of cell phone radiation for a term paper. He has found extensive
information on the Internet. One paragraph in particular gives easy-to-understand information
about radiation transmission. Simon is pleased that the information is very clear and pastes it into
his paper. However, he changes the font so that it matches the rest of his paper.
What Simon has just done is commit plagiarism - the copying of someone else's work without
citing the source. Think of it as the stealing of ideas. In the Internet age, it is very easy to copy and
paste information into a paper. Colleges and universities have strict policies regarding plagiarism.
In some cases, schools may fail or expel a student for plagiarism.
Generally plagiarism is explained in the student handbook. Many schools have "honor codes" that
students agree to follow. It is essential that every student know the school policy regarding plagiarism.

Noun Clauses 269

Part II. Research information about the plagiarism policy at your school. If your school doesn't have a
policy, choose a university in an English-speaking country to research. Write a paragraph summarizing
the information. Use at least one noun clause with the subjunctive in your paragraph.

EXERCISE 47 91> Reading and writing. (Chapter 12)

Part I. Read the paragraph from a U.S. government website.*

Cell Phones and the Brain

Scientists are looking into a possible link between cell phone
use and certain types of tumors. One type is called an acoustic
neuroma ("ah-COOS-tik nur-OH-ma"). This type of tumor
grows on the nerve that connects the ear to the brain. It doesn't
cause cancer, but it may lead to other health problems, like
hearing loss. Another type scientists are looking into is called
a glioma ("glee-OH-ma"). This is a tumor found in the brain or
central nervous system of the body.

*Source: http://www.cdc.gov/nceh/radiation/cell_phones._FAQ.html

Part II. Now read two paraphrases of the paragraph. One way to avoid plagiarism is to paraphrase
information - to express an author's ideas in your own words. What differences do you see
between the two paraphrases? Which paraphrase seems most appropriate to you? Consider the
following questions and discuss your opinions with your classmates:
1. In which paraphrase have the ideas been put into the writer's own words, without copying the
sentence structure or the vocabulary of the original?
2. Which paraphrase uses synonyms for key words, while keeping a sentence structure similar to
the original?
Paraphrase 1
Scientists are not sure if cell phones cause tumors, but they are looking at two types: an
acoustic neuroma and a glioma. The first tumor doesn't cause cancer, but it can cause hearing
problems. The second, a glioma, grows in the brain or central nervous system.

Paraphrase 2
Researchers are investigating a potential connection between cell phone usage and different
kinds of tumors. One kind is named an acoustic neuroma. This kind of tumor is on the nerve
between the ear and the brain. It's not the cause of cancer, but it may be responsible for other
health issues, like deafness. Another kind researchers are investigating is a glioma. This is in the
brain or central nervous system of the human body.
In the second case, the writer has supplied synonyms for key words, but the sentence structure is the
same. It is too similar to the original and is therefore not acceptable.
Part III. Find a paragraph on a topic you are interested in and paraphrase it. Use at least one
noun clause in your writing.

270 CHAPTER 12
 A helpful strategy for paraphrasing is to read a passage several times and take notes. Then try
not to look at your notes when you write so that you can express the information in your own
words. When you are finished, compare your paraphrase with your notes to make sure you have
covered everything.

Part IV. Edit your writing. Check for the following:

1. Dall sentences contain a subject and a verb
2. Duse of one or more noun clauses in your paragraph
3. Duse of a singular subject when the noun clause begins the sentence
4. D correct word order in noun clauses (statement word order)
5. D correct spelling (use a dictionary or spell-check)

••• • Go to the Essential Online Resources for Self-Study: Gerunds and Infinitives 12

Noun Clauses 271

 © 2017 by Pearson Education, Inc. Permission granted to reproduce for classroom use.
Exercise 41, p. 267.
1. be
2. speak

Exercise 42, p. 268.

2. turn off
3. dress 5. explain
4. tell 6. be

Exercise 43, p. 268.

1. provide 4. be named
2. be given 5. be allowed
3. choose

Exercise 44, p. 268.

1. show up 5. be turned off
2. wear 6. lock
3. share 7. use
4. be shared

Z03_UUEG5451_05_TG_AK2.indd 238 8/17/17 5:20 PM

 Exercise 45, p. 269.
1. Tell the taxi driver where you want to go.
2. My roommate came into the room and asked me why
I wasn’t in class. I said (that) I was waiting for a
telephone call from my family. or I told him (that) …
3. It was my first day at the university, and I was on my
way to my first class. I wondered who else would be
in the class and what the teacher would be like.
4. My professor asked me what I intended to do after I
graduated.
5. What a patient tells a doctor is confidential.
6. What my friend and I did was our secret. We didn’t
even tell our parents what we did. (also possible: had
done)
7. The doctor asked if /whether I felt OK. I told him
that I didn’t feel well.
8. I asked him what kind of movies he liked. He said
to me / He told me (that) he liked romantic movies.
9. “Is it true (that) you almost drowned?” my friend
asked me. “Yes,” I said. “I’m really glad to be alive.
It was really frightening.”
© 2017 by Pearson Education, Inc. Permission granted to reproduce for classroom use.
Z03_UUEG5451_05_TG_AK2.indd 239
10. The fact that I almost drowned makes me very careful
about water safety when I go swimming.
11. I didn’t know where I was supposed to get off the bus,
so I asked the driver where the science museum
was. She told me the name of the street. She said she
would tell me when I should get off the bus.
12. My mother did not live with us. When other children
asked me where my mother was, I told them (that)
she was going to come to visit me very soon.
13. When I asked the taxi driver to drive faster, he said
he would drive faster if I paid him more. or When
I asked the taxi driver to drive faster, he said, “I will
drive faster if you pay me more.” At that time I didn’t
care how much it would cost, so I told him to go as
fast as he could.
14. My parents told me it is essential to know English if I
want to study at an American university.
Exercise 46, p. 269.
1st paragraph: that the information is very clear
2nd paragraph: What Simon has just done
3rd paragraph: that every student know (subjunctive)
Student Book Answer Key 239
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