REPUBLIC OF CAMEROON

REPUBLIC OF CAMEROON Peace-work-fatherland

Paix-Travail-Patrie
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MINISTRY
MINISTERE
DEL’ENSEIGNEMENT SUPERIEUR OF HIGHER EDUCATION
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NATIONAL COMMITTEE FOR THE ORGANIZATION
COMMISSION NATIONALE D’ORGANISATION OF NATIONAL EXAMINATIONS
DES EXAMENS NATIONAUX ***********
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HND EXAMINATON
Specialty/Option: PAPER: SIGNAL PROCESSING

Code Nature of paper Duration Credits Total

written 03 Hours 05 100

INSTRUCTIONS TO CANDIDATES
 This paper carries three sections.
 You are required to ANSWER all the questions.

SECTION A: Fundamentals of signals (weight = 25%, 10mks/40, 45min)

1) Given the continuous-time signal specified by x (t )= {

1−|t|,∧−1≤ t ≤ 1
0 ,∧otherwise
a) Represent graphically the signal x(t) 0.5 mark
b) Determine the resultant discrete-time sequence obtained by uniform sampling of x(t) with
a sampling interval of :
i) 0.25 s, 1.0 mark
ii) 0.5 s, 1.0 mark
iii) 1.0 s. 1.0 mark
2) Evaluate the following expressions:

a. 1.0 mark

b. 1.0 mark

c. 1.0 mark
3) Compute the exponential Fourier series for the waveform of the figure below, and plot its
line spectra for k = 2, k = 5, and k = 10 respectively. Assume . What can you
conclude? (1.0 + 1.0 + 1.5 = 3.5 marks)

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SECTION B: Analogue signal processing (weight = 35%, 14mks/40, 01h)

1. Represent graphically the signals below and derive the Fourier transform of:

i) 2.0 marks

ii) 2.0 marks

2. In a bandpass filter, the lower and upper cutoff frequencies are f1 = 2 Hz and f2 = 6 Hz,
and respectively. Compute the energy of the input, and the percentage that appears at the

output, if the input signal is volts (1.5 x 2 = 3 marks)

3. Find the impulse response h[n] for each of the causal LTI discrete-time systems
satisfying the following difference equations and indicate whether each system is a FIR
or an IIR system.
i) y[n] = x[n] - 2x[n - 2] + x[n - 3] 1.5 mark
ii) y[n] + 2y[n - 1] = x[n] + x[n - 1] 1.5 mark
4. The equivalent bandwidth of a filter with frequency response H(w) is defined by

, where denotes the maximum value of the

magnitude spectrum. Consider the low-pass RC filter shown in the figure below:

a) Find its 3-dB bandwidth W3 dB 2 marks

b) Find its equivalent bandwidth Weq· 2 marks

SECTION C: Digital signal processing (weight = 40%, 16mks/40, 01h15min)

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1) Find the z-transform of each of the following sequences:
i) x(n) = 2nu(n)+ 3(1/2)nu(n) 1.5 mark

ii) 1.5 mark

2) Let ha(t) be the impulse response of a causal continuous-time filter with a system function

. Thus,
has a zero at s = -a and a pair of poles at .
By sampling ha(t) we form a discrete-time filter with a unit sample response

. Find the frequency response of the discrete-time filter. (0.5 +

1.5 + 1.5 + 1.5 = 5.0 marks)
3) The result of a particular computer-aided filter design is the following causal second-

order filter: .
Show that this filter is unstable, and find a causal and stable filter that has the same
magnitude response as H(z). (2.0 + 2.0 = 4.0 marks)
4) Consider the following specifications for a bandpass filter:

i) Design a linear phase FIR filter to meet these specifications using a Blackman
window (2.0 marks)
ii) Repeat part (a)using a Kaiser window (2.0 marks)

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