LAB SHEET

DJM 30062

INDUSTRIAL ELECTRONICS

REG. NO. NAME

03DEM21F1054 1. HAIKAL HADI BIN HAMIZAN
03DEM21F1040 2. MUHD AQIL ZAKWAN BIN JUPRI
03DEM21F1028 3. MUHD FARHAN BIN MUHD FARMI
03DEM21F1065 4. MUHD ISKANDAR BIN AZMAN
5.
Group No.
PROGRAMME
LECTURER NAME

LAB NO. 2. BASIC RELAY

VERSION 2022.1.2033
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Title: BASIC RELAY
SULTAN ABDUL HALIM MU’ADZAM SHAH CONSTRUCTION

Program: DEM 3

Duration: 4 Hours
Code and course :
DJM3052

1.0 Introduction
A relay is an electrically operated switch. Many relays use an electromagnet to mechanically
operate a switch, but other operating principles are also used, such as solid-state relays. Relays
are used where it is necessary to control a circuit by a separate low-power signal, or where several
circuits must be controlled by one signal. The first relays were used in long-distance telegraph
circuits as amplifiers: they repeated the signal coming in from one circuit and re-transmitted it on
another circuit. Relays were used extensively in telephone exchanges and early computers to
perform logical operations.

Magnetic latching relays require one pulse of coil power to move their contacts in one direction, and
another, redirected pulse to move them back. Repeated pulses from the same input have no effect.
Magnetic latching relays are useful in applications where interrupted power should not be able to
transition the contacts.
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2.0 Objective

At the end of this lab activity, students will be able to:-

I. Setup basic relay function

II. Convert ladder diagram to hardwired or vice versa
III. Test the circuit.
IV. Identify a circuit problem.

3.0 Labwork
EQUIPMENT

1. Computer
2. Simulator Software

PROCEDURES

Using simulator software, draw the relay schematic diagram and simulate the circuit
based on the given exercise.

Exercise 1

Based on the Relay Ladder diagram in figure 1, draw and simulate the relay schematic circuit.

Circuit element;

i. DPDT Relay
ii. Start Push Button
iii. Stop Push Button
iv. Electric DC motor
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Figure 1
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Exercise 2
Refer to figure 2, and draw the Relay Logic schematic diagram based on the given System Requirement.

High Level Sensor

Low Level Sensor

Pump
Tank
Solenoid Valve

River

Figure 2
System Requirement;

i. Push the START button to start the filling sequence. The pump will be ON until the
High-
Level sensor activated. The pump will automatically shut off.
ii. Open the solenoid valve until the Low-level sensor detects the tank is empty. The tank filling sequence
repeats automatically.

iii. Process can be stopped at any time with the stop button.

Circuit element;

v. 9-volt dc supply
vi. DPDT Relay
vii. Pilot Lamp (Solenoid Valve)
viii. DC Motor ( Pump)
ix. Push Start Button
x. Push Stop Button
xi. NC Push Button (High-Level Sensor)
xii. NO Push Button (Low-Level Sensor)
4.4 Working procedure
i. Safety first.
ii. According to figures 1 and 2, identify all components that need to complete the task.
iii. Carefully make a connection on the diagram
iv. Inspection of the connection.
v. Test the circuit.
vi. Explain the circuit.
vii. Prepare the report.
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4.5 Report Contents

1. Lab Title : BASIC RELAY CONSRRUCTION
2. Objective
i. How to prepare the relay function (riley)
ii. Change the ladder diagram to hard-wired
iii. Try the circuit
3. Equipment
i. Computer
ii. Simulation software
4. Discussion
a. List all components as shown
Exercise 1 Component
i. DPDT Relay
ii.Start Push Button
iii.Stop Push Button
iv.Electric DC motor

Exercise 2 Component
i.9-volt dc supply
ii.DPDT Relay
iii.Pilot Lamp (Solenoid Valve)
iv.DC Motor ( Pump)
v.Push Start Button
vi.Push Stop Button
vii.NC Push Button (High-Level Sensor)
viii.NO Push Button (Low-Level Sensor)

b. Describe the working procedures of the circuit.

1)Safety first
2)Be careful when combining each component
3)Ensure the Components first before conducting the experiment
4)Tried the circuit first to test if there is an error or not
c. Describe the advantages and disadvantages of the relay and hard-wired
RELAY
ADVANTAGES
1)Works at a good temperature
2)Isolate the substance that activates the part mover
DISADVANTAGES
1)Relays are larger to switch small currents
2)Relays use high energy due to the current through their coils

HARD-WIRED
ADVANTAGES
1)It can be optimized to produce a fast mode of operation.
2)Using combinational circuits to generate signals, hard-wired is fast.
DISADANTAGES
1)Design complexity
2)Energy increases when we need more control signals

5. Conclusion and recommendation

CONCLUSION
Relays and their uses as switches, as well as transistors and relays, can be studied by students.
We can learn how to use the Crocodile/Yenka programme to design schematic circuits from this practise.
In order to control power and modify tiny current values in the control circuit, relays are typically employed in control panels,
manufacturing, and building automation.

However, a gain-effect supply can assist in controlling high voltages and amperes.