REVIEW NOTES IN ENGLISH 9

Importance of reading
• develops creative thinking
• expands vocabulary
• helps to have focus
What is reading critically mean?
• Critical reading is developing one’s skill in interpreting a text.
• Critical reading enables the reader to reflect on what the text says.
• Critical reading involves a deeper examination of the claims, pieces of evidence, and counterclaims.
• Critical reading presents a reasoned argument that evaluates and analyses what you have read.

Reflection- output of Critical Reading

These are skills required for a reader to make meaning from the text read
• Comprehension
• Fluency
• Word Recognition
Modals- It is a type of verb that alters or completes the meaning of the main verb.
3 major expressions of Modal Verbs
• Permission
• Obligation
• Prohibition
Third – This sentence talks about an impossible situation in the past and describes regrets and disappointments.

When analyzing an article or essay, the way the text is constructed should be considered.
Conditionals- It expresses substantial implications or hypothetical situations with their consequences.

Grammatical structure of the Compound Modals in a sentence

➢ Compound Past Modal + Past Participle
➢ If you had let me know earlier, I _____ (be) able to wait for you.
Be = would have been
➢ I _____ (like) to visit the museums if I am in a new city or place.
Like = like
➢ Lesterix would have been late if he _____ (did not / take) a taxi an hour before his flight.
Did not / take = had not taken
➢ If Maureen did not speak good French, she _____ (not / move) to Paris.
Not/move = would not move

3 Elements of Persuasion
➢ Ethos, Logos, Pathos

Types of Text
➢ Argumentative
➢ Expository
➢ Persuasive
➢ Narrative

MARTIN JOOS – is the proponent of five types of Communicative Style

Consultative – Semi-formal communication with an unplanned speech that is used while talking to strangers.
Formal – Delivering a speech to a wide audience exemplifies what type of communicative style?
The term VUCA is an acronym that stands for Volatility, Uncertainty, Complexity, and Ambiguity.
Adaptation – the ultimate purpose of VUCA for the characters to overcome the challenges?
Discrimination – It is the outcome or result of bias, prejudice, and stereotype.

Relevance – means connection

Truthfulness – means Accuracy
Validity – Sound Reasoning

Quoting – It is the direct copying of word-for-word short sentences or passages from the original text.
Referencing – It is the correct way of acknowledging the source and another person’s ideas that you have used in a text.

Note: Please study also the types of Bias & Prejudice & Types of Evidences. And also, the last lesson that I have discussed.

GOOD LUCK!!!