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‹ ≈√·«± ¬Û”Ê√±1 Î≈¬‡1œ˚˛± ¶ú‘øÓ¬ Ž ’ø¬ı1Ó¬± ¬ı1n∏ª± ˚˚41 õ∂œøÓ¬ ’Ê≈√«Ú±·œ
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‹ ¸≈‡œ 1±Ê√Àfl¡“±ª1Ê√Ú Ž ø˜Ó¬±˘œ Ú±1±˚˛øÌ ˚˚79
’Ì≈√ ·ä –
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øˆ¬iß Â√μ –
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‹ ¬√±À¬Û±ÌÓ¬ ¸˜˚˛1 Â√ø¬ı Ž ά. ˜Ú˜œ ˆ¬A±‰¬±˚« ˚˚86
‹ &ø‰¬ Œ˚±ª± Ê√±˝√√±Ê√À¬ı±1 Ž ’øÚÓ¬± ·Õ· ˚˚87
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‹ ¸≈·ˆ¬œ1 ˙1»À¬ı±1 Ž¬ıÚøÊ√» ¬ı˜«Ú ˚˚88
‹ ŒÂ√Àfl¡`¬ Œ˝√√μ ‰¬fl¡œ Ž ˝◊√ μ≈fl¡ä ˙˝◊√ fl¡œ˚˛± ˚˚88

Ú˘À¬ı˝◊√ 1± ¬Û√… –
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‹ ¬Œ˜±1 ˆ¬KI◊œ Ž ’øi§Ó¬± ¬ı1ͬ±fl¡≈1 ˚˚90
‹ ¬Û”Ê√± ŒÚ Œ˜˘± Ž ¬ıÌ«±˘œ Œ√ªœ ˚˚91

ø˘˜±ø1fl¡ –
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Ž 1?Ú Œ·±¶§±˜œ ˚˚95
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SêœÎ¬ˇ± –
‹ Ȭøfl¡› ¬Û±1±ø˘ø•Ûfl¡Ó¬ ˆ¬±1Ó¬¬ı¯∏«1 ’ˆ”¬Ó¬¬Û”¬ı« ¸±Ù¬˘… ’±1n∏ ’¸˜Ó¬ ¸˜±ôL1±˘
SêœÎ¬ˇ±1 ¸y±ªÚ± Ž Î◊¬2‰√øÊ√» √˙ø·ø1 ˚˚105

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Ú±˜‚À1 qÚ± ˚±˚˛ ˝√√ø1Ú±˜1 ÒıøÚº &1n∏Ê√Ú±1 Ê√Àij±»¸ª,
ڱȬ ˆ¬±›Ú±, ˘ø‡˜œ ¸¬ı±˝√√ ¤˝√◊À¬ı±1À1± ’±À˚˛±Ê√Ú fl¡1± ˝√√˚˛º
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Àfl¡“‰¬± ø¬Ûͬ±&ø1À1 ˙1±˝√◊ ’±·¬ıϬˇ±˝√◊ ¬ÛÔ±1Ó¬ Œ1±ª± ˜±ÀÓ¬ ¸1˘
õ∂±Ì fl‘¡¯∏Àfl¡º ’±˝√◊ ˘ø‡˜œ1 ¸cø©Ü1 ’ÀÔ« Ú±˜‚1Ó¬ ÚœøÓ¬-
øÚ˚˛À˜À1 ˘ø‡˜œ ¸¬ı±˝√√ ’±À˚˛±Ê√Ú fl¡À1º Œ‡øÓ¬˚˛fl¡1 ¬Û1˜
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˜í˝√√ÀȬ±1 ˜—·˘1 ¬ı±À¬ı ˜í˝√√ ˚‡fl¡ ø√˚˛± ¤˚˛±›ÀÓ¬± ¤˝√◊ ¬ıÓ¬1ÀÓ¬
fl¡1± ˝√√˚˛º

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˙1Ó¬ ˜±ÀÚ˝√◊ Î◊¬Â√ªÀ1± ¬ıÓ¬1..
Î◊¬Â√ª1 Ÿ¬Ó≈¬ ˙1Ó¬º ø¬ıø¬ıÒ Î◊¬»¸ª-¬Û±¬ı«ÀÌ øˆ¬1 fl¡À1ø˝√√
¤˝√◊ ˙1Ó¬ fl¡±˘ÀÓ¬º ·ÀÌ˙ Œ√ªÓ¬±, ø¬ıù´fl¡˜«± Œ√ªÓ¬±, ≈√·«±
Œ√ªœ, fl¡±˘œÀ√ªœ, ˘ÑœÀ√ªœ ’±ø√ ¸fl¡À˘± Œ√ª-À√ªœ Œ˚Ú
Ú±ø˜ ’±À˝√√ Δfl¡˘±˙1 ¬Û1± ˜Ó¬…Õ˘º
≈√·«øÓ¬Ú±ø˙Úœ Œ√ªœ ≈√·«±1 ’±·˜Ú1 ’±ÚμÓ¬ ͬ±À˚˛ ͬ±À˚˛
’±À˚˛±Ê√Ú fl¡1± ˝√√˚˛ ¬Û”Ê√± ˘·ÀÓ¬ Œ˜˘±1º ”√11 ‰¬±˝√√ ¬ı±·±Ú1
¬Û1± ˆ¬“±ø˝√√ ’±À˝√√ ˜±√˘1 ˜±Ó¬º Ò˜ Ò˜± Ò˜ Ò˜ Ò˜± Ò˜º
¬ı±¬ÛøÓ¬ ¸±À˝√√±Ú ø¬ıU ’±ø˝√√À˘ Œ˚ÀÚÕfl¡ ’±˜±1 Î◊¬˘±˝√√1 ’ôL
ŒÚÔ±Àfl¡ ≈√·«± ¬Û”Ê√±˝√◊› ¸˜±ÀÚ 1—-’±Úμ fl¡øϬˇ˚˛±˝√◊ ’±ÀÚº
‡øÚfl¡11 ˝√√±Ó¬Ó¬ õ∂±Ì ¬Û±˝√◊ Î◊¬Àͬ ˜‘øM√√fl¡±1 ˜”øÓ¬«À˚˛º ‰¬±À˘ ‰¬fl≈¡À1±ª±
Œ¬ÛÀG˘, ˘±˝√◊Ȭ ’±ø√À1 ¬Û”Ê√±Ô˘œ øÊ√ø˘fl¡±˝√◊ Ó≈¬ø˘¬ıÕ˘ õ∂døÓ¬
‰¬À˘ ¬ıUø√Ú ’±·1 ¬Û1±˝√◊º Œ√ªœ-Œ√ªÓ¬±, ’¸≈1 ¸fl¡À˘±Àª
øÚÊ√1 øÚÊ√1 1—-1+À¬ÛÀ1 ¸±øÊ√ fl¡±ø‰¬ ¬Û”Ê√±1 Œ¬ı√œÓ¬ ¬ıø˝√√¬ıÕ˘
¸±Ê√≈ ˝√√˚˛º
‡øÚfl¡1, ˜‘»ø˙äœ ø¬ı˘±fl¡1 ¬ı…ô¶Ó¬± ¬ı±ÀϬˇº ˜±øȬ1 õ∂øÓ¬˜±Ó¬
1— Ó≈¬ø˘fl¡±À1 õ∂±Ì ø√˚˛±Ó¬ ø√Ú-1±øÓ¬ ¤fl¡±fl¡±1 fl¡ø1 ŒÓ¬±À˘
ŒÓ¬›“À˘±Àfl¡º
’±1n∏ ¤˝√◊ ˜ÀÚ±1˜ ¬ıÓ¬1Ó¬ 1„√√œÚ Œ¬Û±Â√±fl¡ ø¬Ûøg ¬Ûø1˚˛±˘-
¬Ûø1Ê√Ú ’±1n∏ ‰≈¬¬ı≈1œ˚˛±1 ¸íÀÓ¬ ¬Û”Ê√±1 Œ˜˘± ‰¬±¬ıÕ˘ Œ˚±ª±1
’±Úμ˝√◊ Œ√À‡±Ú ¸≈fl¡œ˚˛±º ˜±øȬ1 ŒÈ¬Àfl¡ø˘, ¬ı“±˝√√1 ‰≈¬„√√± ’±ø√Ó¬
¬ıÂ√1Ê√≈ø1 ¤È¬fl¡± ≈√Ȭfl¡±Õfl¡ ¸“±ø‰¬ 1‡± Ȭfl¡±Àfl¡˝√◊Ȭ± Î◊¬ø˘˚˛±˝√◊ ˘í-
ŒÂ√±ª±˘œÀ¬ı±1 ¸±Ê√≈ ˝√√˚˛ ¬Û”Ê√±1 Œ˜˘± ‰¬±¬ıÕ˘º Œ¬ı˘≈Ú, ¬Û≈Ó¬˘±,
‰¬Â√˜±, ·±Î¬ˇœ, Ù≈¬˘ ’±1n∏ øfl¡˜±Ú øfl¡ Œ˚ ¬ıd ›˘±¬ı Œ˜˘±Ó¬...
Œ¸˝√◊À¬ı±1 øfl¡øÚ¬ı ˘±ø·¬ı, ŒÊ√À˘¬Ûœ-ø˜Í¬±˝√◊1 Œ¸±ª±√ ˘í¬ı ˘±ø·¬ıº
¬Û”Ê√±1 ¬ÛøªSÓ¬± ’±1n∏ ’±Úμ˜˚˛Ó¬±˝√◊ ¸fl¡À˘±Àfl¡ ’±Úμ ø√
˚±˚˛ ’±1n∏ ˜ÚÀ¬ı±À1± ¬ÛøªS fl¡ø1 ŒÓ¬±À˘ ¤˝√◊ ˙1Ó¬ÀÓ¬º
˙1Ó¬1 ’øˆ¬iß ’—· Œ˙ª±ø˘
ë’±ø˝√√Ú ˜˝√√œ˚˛± Œ˙ª±ø˘ ¸ø1À˘
øÚ˚˛1Ó¬ øÓ¬øÓ¬À˘ ¬ıÚ,
’±ø˝√√Ú ˜˝√√œ˚˛± Œ˙ª±ø˘ ¸ø1À˘
øÚ˚˛1Ó¬ øÓ¬øÓ¬À˘ ¬ıÚ
ŒÊ√±Ú±fl¡Ó¬ Î◊¬¬Ûø„√√˘
øfl¡˝√√¬ı±À1 1±·œ
Œfl¡ÀÚ¬ı± fl¡ø1À˘ ˜Ú/í
ñ¬Û±¬ı«Ó¬œ õ∂¸±√ ¬ı1n∏ª±
˙1Ó¬1 ¸íÀÓ¬ ’øˆ¬iß ¸•Ûfl¡« Œ˙ª±ø˘1º ¤˝√◊ Œ˙ª±ø˘
Ù≈¬˘fl¡ Δ˘À˚˛˝√◊ fl¡ø¬ıÀ˚˛ fl¡ø¬ıÓ¬± 1À‰¬, ·œøÓ¬fl¡±À1 ·œÓ¬º ¬ı±ø1¯∏±1
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Ù≈¬˘1 ·Â√ÀÊ√±¬Û± øÚ˚˛11 Œ‰¬“‰¬± ¬Û1˙ ¬Û±˝√◊ Œfl¡±˜˘Õfl¡ ø˜ø‰¬øfl¡˚˛±˝√◊
¬Û±˝√√ Œ˜ø˘ Î◊¬øͬ ˙±1√œ˚˛ ¸y±¯∏Ì Ê√Ú±˚˛ ’±˜±fl¡º 1±øÓ¬ Ù≈¬ø˘
1±øÓ¬À˚˛˝√◊ ¸ø1 ¬Û1± Œ˙ª±ø˘1 ø˚ qw Œ¸Ãμ˚«…, ø¶ß* ¸≈¬ı±¸
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Œ˙ª±ø˘ Ù≈¬˘1 ˜‘≈√ ¸≈¬ı±¸Ó¬ ’±À˜±˘À˜±˘±˝√◊ Î◊¬Àͬ Œ‰¬Ã¬Û±˙º
·“±ª1 ‚11 ¬Û”√ø˘Ó¬ øÚ˚˛1ø¸Mê ”√¬ıø1Ó¬ ¬ı±·ø1 Ôfl¡± qw Œ˙ª±ø˘
Ù≈¬˘1 Œ¸Ãμ˚«…˝√◊ ¸fl¡À˘±À1 ˜Ú fl¡±øϬˇ øÚÀ˚˛º ¤˝√◊ Ù≈¬˘1 &À̱
’ÀÚfl¡º ø¬ıøˆ¬iß Œ1±·Ó¬ õ∂øÓ¬À¯∏Òfl¡ 1+À¬Û fl¡±˜ fl¡1± Œ˙ª±ø˘1
Ù≈¬˘1 Î◊¬¬Ûø1› ·±-·Â√ ’±1n∏ ¬Û±ÀÓ¬± fi¯∏øÒ &Ì˚≈Mê ¬ı±À¬ı
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˙1ÀÓ¬ fl¡øϬˇ˚˛±˝√◊ ’±ÀÚ ˘í1±ø˘1 ¶ú‘øÓ¬....
˙1Ó¬ ’±ø˝√√À˘ Œ˜±1 ˜ÚÕ˘› Î◊¬ˆ¬øÓ¬ ’±À˝√√ ˘í1±ø˘1
Œ¸˝√◊ ¬Û”Ê√± Œ‰¬±ª± ø√ÚÀ¬ı±11 Œ¸±ÌÀ¸1œ˚˛± ¶ú‘øÓ¬º ˚ø√› ’±˜±1
¬ı¸øÓ¬¶ö˘1 ’±À˙ ¬Û±À˙ ≈√·«±-¬Û”Ê√± ¬ÛÓ¬± Ú±øÂ√˘ Œ¸À˚˛ ¬Û”Ê√±1
õ∂ˆ¬±ª ’±˜±1 ·±Ó¬ ¬ı1Õfl¡ Ú¬Ûø1øÂ√˘º ¬Û”Ê√± ¬ı≈ø˘ ÚÓ≈¬Ú Œ‰¬±˘±
fl¡±À¬Û±1 ¬ı± ¬ıd-¬ı±˝√√±øÚ Œ˘±ª± ¬ı± ’±˘˝√√œ-’øÓ¬øÔ1 ’±·˜Ú1
øÚ˚˛˜ Ú±øÂ√˘º ’±˜±fl¡ Ù≈¬‰≈¬˘±¬ı1 ¬ı±À¬ı˝√◊ ˝√√›fl¡ ¬ı± Œ˜˘±
Œ√‡≈ª±¬ıÕ˘ øÚ¬ıÕ˘ Ȭfl¡± ¬Û˝√◊‰¬± ÚÔfl¡±1 ’Ê√≈˝√ ±Ó¬ÀÓ¬ ˝√√›fl¡
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ÚÓ≈¬Ú fl¡±À¬Û±1, ‡±1n∏-˜øÌ ’±ø√ ˘˚˛º ’±ø˜› ŒÓ¬ÀÚ√À1˝√◊ ¬ÛøÓ¬˚˛Ú
Δ·øÂ√À˘“±º
Ó¬Ô±ø¬Û› ≈√·«±¬Û”Ê√± ¬ı≈ø˘ fl¡íÀ˘ ˜ÚÀ¬ı±1 ¤ÀÚÀ˚˛ Î◊¬˘˝√√
˜±˘˝√√ ˘±ø·øÂ√˘º ¬ÛÔ±11 Œ1±ª±À¬ı±1 ·±Ï¬ˇ Œ¸Î◊¬Ê√œ˚˛± ˝√√íÀ˘,
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˜±Ó¬ ˆ¬“±ø˝√√ ’±ø˝√√À˘ ’±ø˜ ·˜ ¬Û±˝√◊øÂ√À˘“± ¬Û”Ê√± ¬Û±À˘ø˝√√º
’±1y Δ˝√√øÂ√˘ ø√Ú ·ÌÚ±1º
¬Û”Ê√±1 ø¡ZÓ¬œ˚˛ ¬ı± Ó‘¬Ó¬œ˚˛ ø√Ú±‡Ú ’±ø˜ ’±˝√◊ ’±1n∏
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ŒÂ√±ª±˘œ ¤Ê√±fl¡ ¤Ê√±fl¡ Δ·øÂ√À˘“± ‚11 ¬Û1± Œ¬Û±g1 øfl¡.ø˜
”√11 ’±•°±&ø1, fl‘¡¯∏ûø¬ı˝√√±1œ ‰¬±˝√√ ¬ı±·±ÚÓ¬ ¬Û”Ê√± ‰¬±¬ıÕ˘º ˝√√“±ø˝√√-
ŒÒ˜±ø˘À1 Œfl¡±ÀÚ±¬ı±ÀÂ√±ª± ¬ı±È¬ ·“±› ¬ı± ¬ÛÔ±11 ˜±ÀÊ√À1,
Œfl¡±ÀÚ±¬ı± ŒÂ√±ª± ¬ı±ø·‰¬±1 ˜±ÀÊ√À1 ’Ó¬‡Ú ¬ı±È¬ Œ‡±Ê√fl¡±øϬˇ
Œ˚±ª±ÀȬ±› ¬ı1 ’±Úμ√±˚˛fl¡ ’øˆ¬:Ó¬± ’±øÂ√˘º
¬Û”Ê√±1 Œ˜˘± ’±ø˜ ‰¬±˝√◊øÂ√À˘±À˝√√, ¬ıd-¬ı±˝√√±øÚ øfl¡øÚ¬ıÕ˘
Œ¬Û±ª± Ú±øÂ√À˘“±º ˜±S ¬Û±Úœ Œ¬ı˘≈Ú, fl≈¡ø‰¬˚˛± Œ¬ı˘≈Ú ¬ı± U˝√◊À‰¬˘
¤È¬± ˜±Ú1 ¬ı±ø˝√√À1º ’±1n∏ ¸1n∏ ¸1n∏ ‰¬±Ú± ø˜Í¬±˝√◊ Ê√±Ó¬œ˚˛ øfl¡¬ı±
’˘¬Û ‡±¬ıÕ˘ øfl¡øÚ ø√øÂ√˘ Œ¬ı±Òfl¡À1“±º
 ’˘¬Û ά±„√√1 Œ˝√√±ª±Ó¬ ’±ø˜ ¬ı±˝√◊-ˆ¬Úœ ¬ı± ›‰¬11 ¸˜Úœ˚˛±
ŒÂ√±ª±˘œÀ¬ı±11 ˘·ÀÓ¬ Δ·øÂ√À˘“± øfl¡c ¤˝√◊Àé¬SÓ¬ ø¬ÛÓ¬±À√Î◊¬1
’Ú≈˜øÓ¬ Œ˘±ª±ÀȬ± ¬ı1 fl¡©Üfl¡1 ’±øÂ√˘ ’±˜±1 ¬ı±À¬ıº ¬Û”Ê√±1
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¤È¬fl¡± Δfl¡ ¬Û˝√◊‰¬± ¸“‰¬± ’±1y fl¡ø1øÂ√À˘“±º ¬Û”Ê√±Ó¬ Œ¸˝√◊ ‰≈¬„√√±
fl¡±øȬ ¬Û˝√◊Â√± Î◊¬ø˘˚˛±˝√◊øÂ√À˘±º Œfl¡øÓ¬˚˛±¬ı± Úfl¡È¬±Õfl¡ 1Â√œ ¤Î¬±˘1
˜”1Ó¬ ‰≈¬•§fl¡ ¤È≈¬fl¡≈1± ¬ı±øg ‰≈¬„√√±1 ¬ı±ÀȬø√ ˆ¬1±À˚˛± Œfl¡˝√◊Ȭfl¡±
¬Û±À1“± Î◊¬ø˘˚˛±˝√◊ Δ˘øÂ√À˘“±º
˚ø√› ¬Û˝√◊Â√± Œ¬ıøÂ√ Ê√˜± ÚÕ˝√√øÂ√˘ Ó¬Ô±ø¬Û› ¤È¬±
Ú‡¬Ûø˘Â√, ø˘¬Ûø©Üfl¡ ¬ı± ‰≈¬ø˘ ¬ıg± ø1¬ıÚ, fl¡±È¬± ¤Î¬±˘ ’±øÚ¬ıÕ˘
Δ˝√√øÂ√˘º Ú‡¬Ûø˘Â√1 ø¶Ûø1Ȭ1 Œ·±gÀȬ±Àª ¬ı1 ’±fl¡ø¯∏«Ó¬ fl¡ø1øÂ√˘
Œ˜±fl¡ ’±1n∏ &˘¬Ûœ˚˛± 1„√√1 ø˘¬Ûø©ÜÀfl¡º ·øÓ¬Àfl¡ ¬Û”Ê√±Ó¬ ’±Ú
ø˚ Ú˝√√À˘› Œ¸˝√◊ ≈√Ȭ± ¬ıd øfl¡øÚ¬ı ¬Û±À1“± ŒÚøfl¡ ‰¬±˝√◊øÂ√À˘±º
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fl¡ø1øÂ√À˘“± Œ˚ fl¡í1¬ı±Õ˘ ˚±¬ıÕ˘, øfl¡¬ı± ¤È¬± ø¬Ûøg¬ıÕ˘ ŒÓ¬›“1
’Ú≈˜øÓ¬ ˘í¬ıÕ˘ ’±ø˜ øfl¡˜±Ú Œ˝√√À˝√√± ŒÚÀ˝√√± fl¡ø1¬ı ˘·± Δ˝√√øÂ√˘
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’±ø˜ ˝√√±Ó¬1 ˜≈øͬӬ ¬Û˝√◊Â√± Δ˘À˚˛±, fl¡±À¬Û±1 fl¡±øÚ ø¬Ûøg ’±Ê√ø1
Δ˝√√À˚˛± ŒÓ¬›“1 ’Ú≈˜øÓ¬ ˘í¬ıÕ˘ ‚11 øˆ¬Ó¬1Ó¬ Œ˝√√±À˝√√±fl¡± Î◊¬ÀÊ√±ª±
fl¡ø1 ¤À¬ı˘± fl¡È¬±˝√◊øÂ√À˘±º ˝√◊Ê√ÚœÀ˚˛ ø¸Ê√Úœfl¡ ŒÍ¬À˘± Ó¬˝√◊
Œ¸±ÒÕ· ˚±, ˝√◊Ê√ÚœÀ˚˛ fl¡˚˛ Ó¬˝√◊ Œ¸±ÒÕ· ˚±º ’ªÀ˙¯∏Ó¬ ’±˝√◊1
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˚±¬ı ¬Û±ø1øÂ√À˘±º
1±øÓ¬ ¬Û”Ê√±Ô˘œ ø¬ı˘±fl¡Ó¬ ¬Û√«±Ó¬ ø‰¬ÀÚ˜± Œ√‡≈ª±˝√◊øÂ√˘º
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ø‰¬ÀÚ˜± Œ‰¬±ª±1 ’øˆ¬:Ó¬± qøÚ Œ˜±À1± ˚±›“ ˚±›“ ˘±À·º
˝√√±˝√◊¶≥®˘Ó¬ ¬ÛøϬˇ Ô±Àfl¡“±ÀÓ¬ ¤¬ı±1 ¬ı1 fl¡©Ü fl¡ø1 ø¬ÛÓ¬±1 ’Ú≈˜øÓ¬
Δ˘ 1±øÓ¬ ø‰¬ÀÚ˜± ‰¬±¬ıÕ˘ Δ·øÂ√À˘±º øfl¡c Ó¬±Ó¬ ¤ÀÚfl¡≈ª±
¬Ûø1Àª˙1 ¸˜≈‡œÚ ˝íÀ˘± Œ˚ øÚÀÊ√˝√◊ fl¡±ÌÓ¬ Òø1À˘“± Ê√œªÚÓ¬
’±1n∏ Œfl¡±ÀÚ±¬ı±˝√◊ ŒÍ¬ø˘ Œ˝√√“ø‰¬ ¬Ûøͬ˚˛±À˘› ¬ı±·±ÚÓ¬ ø‰¬ÀÚ˜±
‰¬±¬ıÕ˘ ŒÚ˚±›“ ¬ı≈ø˘º
Œfl¡ª˘ ’±Ê√ø1 ¸˜À˚˛˝√◊ Ú˝√√˚˛, fl¡±˜À1± ¸˜˚˛ ¤˝√◊ ˙1Ó¬...
˙1Ó¬ fl¡±˘1 ¸˜˚˛ÀÂ√±ª±Ó¬ ·“±ª1 ·‘ø˝√√Ìœ¸fl¡˘À1± ø¬ıÀ˙¯∏
fl¡±˜ ŒÚÔ±Àfl¡º Œ1±ª±-ÀÓ¬±˘±1 ¬ıÓ¬1Ó¬ ¬ı±øg-fl¡≈øg ŒÔ±ª± Ó¬“±Ó¬1
¸“Ê√≈ø˘À¬ı±1 Ú˜±˝√◊ Δ˘ ŒÓ¬›“À˘±Àfl¡ Ó¬“±Ó¬ ¤˚≈øÓ¬ ˘À·±ª±1
Œ˚±·±1 fl¡À1º fl¡¬Û±˝√√œ ¸”Ó¬±1 ‰¬±√1 ≈√‡Ú˜±Ú ¬ı± ÿ˘1 Œ˜À‡˘±º
9
˝√√ô¶Ó¬“±Ó¬ ’±˜±1 õ∂±‰¬œÚ ’±1n∏ ’˜”˘… ¬Û1•Û1±º ˚ø√› ¬ıÊ√±1Ó¬
˝√√À1fl¡ øfl¡ø‰¬˜1 ‰¬±√1-À˜À‡˘±, ·±À˜±‰¬± Î◊¬Õˆ¬Ú√œ Ó¬Ô±ø¬Û›
øÚÊ√˝√ ±ÀÓ¬ Δ¬ı Œ˘±ª± ‡Ú1 ¸˜±Ú Œfl¡øÓ¬˚˛±› ˝√√í¬ı ŒÚ±ª±À1º
¤˝√◊Àfl¡˝√◊Ȭ± ø√ÚÀ˝√√ ’±Ê√ø1 ’±Àfl¡Ã fl¡±øÓ¬-’±À‚±Ì ˜±˝√√ Œ¸±˜±À˘
Œ¸±Ì&øȬ ‰¬¬Û±¬ıÀ˘ ¬ÛÔ±1Ó¬ Ú±ø˜¬ı1 ˝√√í¬ıº ’ªÀ˙… Ò±Ú ˜1±-
¬ıÚ± Œ˜ø‰¬ÚÀ¬ı±1 ¸≈˘ˆ¬ Œ˝√√±ª±1 ˘À· ˘À· Œ‡øÓ¬˚˛fl¡¸fl¡˘1
fl¡±˜À¬ı±1 fl¡ø˜ÀÂ√º Ó¬Ô±ø¬Û› Œ‡øÓ¬ fl¡1±-‰¬À¬Û±ª±1 ¸˜˚˛Ó¬ fl¡˜‡Ú
fl¡±˜ ›˘±˚˛ ŒÚøfl¡º ŒÓ¬øÓ¬˚˛± ’±1n∏ fl¡íÓ¬ Ó¬“±Ó¬-¸≈Ó¬ ˘·±¬ıÕ˘
¸˜˚˛ ¬Û±¬ıº Œ¸À˚˛ ¤˝√◊ÀÂ√±ª± ¸˜˚˛ÀÓ¬ ·‘ø˝√√Ìœ¸fl¡˘ ¬ıø˝√√ ŒÚÔ±øfl¡
˘±ø· ¬ÛÀ1 ˚“Ó¬1 ‚”À1±ª±, ˜±Àfl¡± ˜1± fl¡±˜Ó¬º
¬ı±À1 ¬ı±À1 Œõ∂˜Ó¬ ¬ÛÀ1± ˙1Ó¬1...
õ∂øÓ¬ÀȬ± Ÿ¬Ó≈¬1 øÚÊ√± øÚÊ√± ø¬ıÀ˙¯∏Q ’±ÀÂ√, øÚÊ√± øÚÊ√±
Œ¸Ãμ˚« ’±ÀÂ√º õ∂øÓ¬ÀȬ± Ÿ¬Ó≈¬Àª ˜±Ú≈˝√1 ˜ÚÕ˘ 1—-’±Úμ ’±1n∏
’±˙±1 ¬ıÓ¬1± fl¡øϬˇ˚˛±˝√◊ ’±ÀÚº ˙1Ó¬À1± ’±ÀÂ√ øÚÊ√± Δ¬ıø˙©Ü…˚
’±1n∏ Œ¸Ãμ˚«…º ¬Û≈ª± ·Ò”ø˘ ¬Û±Ó¬˘ øÚ˚˛11 fl¡Ì±˝√◊ Œ¸À˜fl¡±˝√◊
Œ¬ÛÀ˘±ª± ¬ıÚøÚ, ’”√1 ø√·ôL Δ˘ ø¬ıô¶Ó¥ ¬ Δ˝√√ Œ1±ª± ·±Ï¬ˇ Œ¸Î◊¬Ê√œ˚˛±
¬ı1Ì1 Ò±ÚøÚ, ‰¬±˝√√ ¬ı±·±Ú ø¬ı˘±fl¡1 ¬Û1± ˆ¬“±ø˝√√ ’˝√√± Á≈¬˜≈1 ·œÓ¬
’±1n∏ Ò˜ Ò˜± Ò˜ ˜±√˘1 ÒıøÚ, ΔÚ1 fl¡±¯∏Ó¬ ˝√√±ø˘ Ê√±ø˘ Ôfl¡±
fl¡¬ÛUª± fl¡“Uª±øÚ, ˙±1√œ˚˛ ¬ıÓ¬1Ó¬ ø¬ıø¬ıÒ Î◊¬Â√ª1 ’±·˜øÚ,
Ù¬1fl¡±˘ Úœ˘± ’±fl¡±˙Ó¬ Î◊¬ø1 Ù≈¬1± qfl¡≈˘± Œ˜‚ ’±1n∏ Ê√±fl¡
¬Û±øÓ¬ Î◊¬ø1 Œ˚±ª± ¬ı·± ¬ı·˘œ.... ˜Ú ˜≈ø˝√√ Œ¬Û˘±˚˛ ˙1ÀÓ¬
¸fl¡À˘±À1º ’±1n∏ Œ¸À˚˛ ‰¬±Õ· ¬ı±À1 ¬ı±À1 Œõ∂˜Ó¬ ¬ÛÀ1± ˙1Ó¬1º
¸˜˚˛ ¬Ûø1ªÓ¬«Ú1 ˘À· ˘À· ˙1Ó¬1 ˜ÀÚ±À˜±˝√√± 1+¬ÛÀ1±
¬Ûø1ªÓ¬«Ú ‚øȬÀÂ√º ’±ø˝√√Ú1 ¬ÛÔ±1Ó¬ ¸“Ê√±˘ Ò1± Œ¸Î◊¬Ê√œ˚˛±
Œ1±ª±1 ø¬ı¬Û1œÀÓ¬ ¤øÓ¬˚˛± Œ√‡± Œ¬Û±ª± Δ·ÀÂ√ Â√Ú ¬Ûø1 Œ1±ª±
ø¬ıô¶œÌ« ¬ÛÔ±1º
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Úfl¡1± Ú˝√√˚˛º ΔÚ1 fl¡±¯∏Ó¬ qfl≈¡˘± fl¡“Uª±1 ¸—‡…± fl¡ø˜ ·í˘,
¬ıÓ¬1Ó¬ Œ˙ª±ø˘ Ú≈Ù≈¬˘± ˝√√í˘º øÚ˜«˘ ’±fl¡±˙1 ¸˘øÚ Œ√‡±
˚±˚˛ ¤øÓ¬˚˛± Ò”ø˘˚˛ø1 ’±fl¡±˙º
Ó¬Ô±ø¬Û› ˙1Ó¬ ’±˜±1 ’±√11º ˜±˚˛±˜˚˛, 1+¬Û˜˚˛,
¸≈·øg˜˚˛ ˙1ÀÓ¬ ’±˜±Õ˘ Δ˘ ’±À˝√√ ’ÀÚfl¡ ’±˙±1 ¬ıÓ¬1±º
Œ˙¯∏Ó¬ ¸fl¡À˘±Õ˘Àfl¡ Ê√Ú±À˘“± ’±˜±1 Ù¬±˘1 ¬Û1± ˙±1√œ˚˛
qÀˆ¬26±º ˙1ÀÓ¬ fl¡øϬˇ˚˛±˝√◊ ’±Úfl¡ õ∂ÀÓ¬…fl¡1 Ê√œªÚÕ˘ ¸≈‡
’±1n∏ ¸˜‘øX1 ¬ıÓ¬1±, fl≈¡˙À˘ Ô±fl¡fl¡ ’±È¬±˝√◊À˚˛º ˙1Ó¬1 ø¶ß*
ŒÊ√±Ú±Àfl¡ ¬Û‘øÔªœ Œ¬Û±˝√√1±˝√◊ ŒÓ¬±˘±1 √À1 ˜±Ú≈˝√ 1 ˜Ú1 ¬Û1±
’¸”˚˛±-’õ∂œøÓ¬, Œˆ¬√-ˆ¬±ª ’“±Ó¬1±˝√◊ ¸fl¡À˘±À1 ˜Ú±fl¡±˙ Î◊¬Ê√˘±˝√◊
ŒÓ¬±˘fl¡, ¤˚˛±˝√◊ ’±˜±1 fl¡±˜Ú±º

≈√·«±¬Û”Ê√± ≈√·«± Œ√ªœ1 ¬Ûø¬ıS ˜”øÓ«¬1 ¸ij≈‡Ó¬ ’±Í≈¬√ Δ˘
ˆ¬Mê√˝◊√ fl¡±Ó¬À1 õ∂±Ô«Ú± Ê√Ú±˝◊√ ¤˝◊√ ˜La ά◊2‰¬±1Ì fl¡À1, ë1+¬Û—
Œ√˝√œ, ˚À˙± Œ√˝√œ, ÒÚ— Œ√˝√œ, Ú˜ô¶Õ√… Ú˜ô¶Õ√… ÚÀ˜± Ú˜–√√ºí
ˆ¬Mê√˝◊√ 1+¬Û, ˚˙ ’±1n∏ ÒÚ ˘±ˆ¬1 ¬ı±À¬ı ¤˝◊√√À1 ≈√·«± Œ√ªœ1
›‰¬1Ó¬ õ∂±Ô«Ú± Ê√Ú±˝◊√ ¤˝◊√ÀȬ±Àfl¡ õ∂˜±Ì fl¡ø1ÀÂ√ Œ˚, ¸—¸±1Ó¬
¶§26√˘ ’±1n∏ ¸»ˆ¬±Àª Ê√œªÚ-˚±¬ÛÚ fl¡1±ÀȬ± Ê√±·øÓ¬fl¡ ˜±Ú≈˝√1
Ê√œªÚ1 ˘é¬…º ë1+¬Ûí ˙s˝◊√ ˝◊√˚˛±Ó¬ Δ√ø˝√√fl¡ ’±1n∏ ¸≈¶§±¶ö…1 fl¡Ô±
¬ı≈Ê√±˝◊√ÀÂ√º ≈√·«± Œ√ªœ1 ¬Û≈S ëfl¡±øM«√fl¡í ¤˝◊√ 1+¬Û ’±1n∏ ¸≈¶§±¶ö…1
õ∂øÓ¬øÚøÒº ŒÓ¬›“ 1+¬Ûª±Ú Œ˝√√±ª±1 ά◊¬Ûø1› Œ√ªÓ¬±¸fl¡˘1
Œ¸Ú±¬ÛøÓ¬º ¤˝◊√ 1+¬Û ’±1n∏ ¶§±¶ö… ¸»fl¡˜«Ó¬ øÚÀ˚˛±øÊ√Ó¬ fl¡ø1À˘À˝√√
Ê√œªÚÓ¬ ˚˙ ˘±ˆ¬ fl¡ø1¬ı ¬Û1± ˚±¬ıº ’Ú…Ô± Ê√œª ’ÀÒ±·øÓ¬ Δ˝√√
Ú±Ú± ≈√‡-≈√·«øÓ¬1 ¸ij≈‡œÚ ˝√√í¬ıº ˙øMê√1 ’øÒᬱSœ Œ√ªœ ≈√·«±1
˘·Ó¬ ’±ÀÂ√ ø¬ı√…±1 ’øÒᬱSœ Œ√ªœ, ¸1¶§Ó¬œ, ÒÚ1 ’øÒᬱSœ
Œ√ªœ ˘Ñœ ’±1n∏ ø¸øX√±Ó¬± ·ÀÌ˙º ø¬ı√…±˝◊√ ø¬ıÚ˚˛ ˝√√í¬ıÕ˘
ø˙fl¡±˚˛º ¤ÀÚ ˜±Ú≈À˝√√ ÒÚ¬ı˘ ’±1n∏ Ê√Ú¬ı˘1 ¸≈õ∂À˚˛±· fl¡ø1
Ê√œªÚÓ¬ ø¸øX ˘±ˆ¬ fl¡ø1 ’±·¬ı±øϬˇ ˚±˚˛ ’±1n∏ õ∂±¬Û… ¸≈‡-’±Úμ
˘±ˆ¬ fl¡À1º Œfl¡±ª± ˝√√˚˛ Œ˚, ëÒÚ±» Ò˜«– Ó¬ÀÓ¬± ¸≈‡˜ƒííº
’±Úμ ¬ı± ¸≈‡ ≈˝◊√ õ∂fl¡±11º ¤fl¡ Δ¬ı¯∏ø˚˛fl¡ ¸≈‡ ’±1n∏
’±Úø¬ıÒ ¬Û±1À˘Ãøfl¡fl¡ ¸≈‡º Δ¬ı¯∏ø˚˛fl¡ ¸≈‡ é¬Ì¶ö±˚˛œ ’±Ú˝√√±ÀÓ¬
10
’±Úμ, ¬Û1˜±Úμ
ά0 ø¬ıÀÚ±√ ˙˜«±, ¬ı±—·±À˘±1
ŒÙ¬±Ú – 9435343774
¬Û±1À˘Ãøfl¡fl¡ ¸≈‡ ø‰¬1¶ö±˚˛œº ˝◊√ ’±R±1 ˜≈øMê√¸±ÒÚ1 ˘é¬… ¬ı≈ø˘
Δfl¡ÀÂ√ ø˝√√μ≈ Ò˜« ˙±S˝◊√º Δ¬ı¯∏ø˚˛fl¡ ¸≈‡1 ¡Z±1± ’±R±1 ˜≈øMê√
¸±ÒÚ Ú˝√√˚˛ ˚ø√› Δ¬ı¯∏ø˚˛fl¡ ¸≈‡ ’Ô«˝√œÚ Ú˝√√˚˛º fl¡±1Ì ¤˝◊√
Δ¬ı¯∏ø˚˛fl¡ ¸≈‡ ά◊¬ÛÀˆ¬±·1 ˜±ÀÊ√ø√ Δ·À˝√√ Ê√œª˝◊√ ¬Û±1À˘Ãøfl¡fl¡
¸≈‡1 ¸g±Ú fl¡ø1¬ı ¬Û±À1º Œ¸˝◊√¬ı±À¬ı˝◊√ ¸‘ø©Üfl¡Ó«¬±˝◊√ Ê√œªÊ√·Ó¬Ó¬
é¬Ì¶ö±˚˛œ ˝√√íÀ˘› ¸≈‡ ˘±ˆ¬1 ¬ı…ª¶ö± fl¡ø1ÀÂ√º ¤˝◊√ ¸≈‡ ˘±ˆ¬1
¬ÛÔ ˜≈ͬÀÓ¬ øÓ¬øÚȬ±ñ Œ˚ÀÚ, ’±˝√√±1, øÚ^± ’±1n∏ Δ˜Ô≈Úº ¸fl¡À˘±
Ê√œª1 Œé¬SÓ¬ ˝◊√ ¸˜±Úˆ¬±Àª õ∂À˚±Ê√…º ’±˝√√±1 Ú˝√√íÀ˘ Ê√œª1
¬Û≈ø1¬Û≈ø©Ü Ú˝√√˚˛ ¬ı± Ê√œª Ê√œ˚˛±˝◊√ Ú±Ô±Àfl¡º Œ¸˝◊√√À1, øÚ^± ˜±ÀÚ
Œfl¡ª˘ ˙±1œø1fl¡ ø¬ı|±˜ Ú˝√√˚˛º øÚø^Ó¬ Ê√œª1 Δ‰¬Ó¬Ú… Œ˘±¬Û
¬Û±˚˛º ˚ø√› õ∂±Ì˙øMê√1 ¸=±1Ì ‰¬ø˘ Ô±Àfl¡º ¤˝◊√ õ∂±Ì˙øMê√ ¬ı±
õ∂±Ì±¬ı±˚˛≈˝◊√ ˝√√í˘ Ê√œª±R±º ¤˝◊√ Ê√œª±R±˝◊√ ˝√√í˘ ¬Û1˜±R±1
’—˙œ√±1º øfl¡c ø¸ ¬Û1˜±R± Ú˝√√˚˛º Ê√œª1 õ∂±Ì˙øMê√1 ά◊O±Ú1
¬ı±À¬ı ¬Û1˜±R±1 ¸±øißÒ… ˘±ˆ¬1 õ∂À˚˛±Ê√Úº øÚ^± Ó¬±ÀÓ¬˝◊√ ·øÓ¬¬ÛÔº
’±Ú˝√√±ÀÓ¬, Δ˜Ô≈Ú fl¡±˚«… Ê√œª1 ˝◊√øf˚˛ ¸≈‡-Œˆ¬±·1 õ∂øSê˚˛±º
˝◊√˚˛±1 ¡Z±1± Ê√œª Ê√·Ó¬Ó¬ ¸•x¸±1Ì ˝√√˚˛ ’±1n∏ ¸‘ø©Ü‰¬Sê Ò±ª˜±Ú
·øÓ¬Ó¬ ‰¬ø˘ ’±ÀÂ√º
’±ø˜ ¤˝◊√ õ∂ªgÓ¬ ¬Û±1À˘Ãøfl¡fl¡ ’±Úμ ¬ı± ˜≈øMê√1 õ∂Ô±À˝√√
’±À˘±‰¬Ú± fl¡ø1˜º ά◊¬ÛøÚ¯∏√Ó¬ ¤¯∏±1 &1n∏Q¬Û”Ì« fl¡Ô± ¤˝◊√√À1
Δfl¡ÀÂ√, ë’±Úμ±Óƒ¬ ¤¬ı ‡ø˘§˜±øÚ ˆ¬≈Ó¬±øÚ Ê√±˚˛ÀôLºí ’Ô«±» ¤˝◊√
Ê√·Ó¬1 ¸fl¡À˘± Ê√œª ’±Úμ ˘±ˆ¬1 ¬ı±À¬ı Ê√ij ˘˚˛º ·øÓ¬Àfl¡,
¤˝◊√ ¬Û±1À˘Ãøfl¡fl¡ ’±Úμ ˘±ˆ¬ fl¡1±ÀȬ± ¸fl¡À˘± Ê√œª Œ˚ÀÚ,
˜±Ú≈˝√1 ά◊¬Ûø1 ¬Ûq-¬Û鬜 ’±ø√À1± õ∂Ò±Ú ’±1n∏ ’øôL˜ ˘é¬…º
˝◊√À˚˛˝◊√ ˝√√í˘ ˜≈øMê√º ˝◊√˚˛±1 ¬Û±Â√Ó¬ Ê√œª˝◊√ √≈√Ú±˝◊√ Ò1±Ó¬ Ê√ij ¢∂˝√Ì
fl¡ø1¬ı Ú±˘±À·º Ê√œª˝◊√ ¸» ø‰¬» ’±Úμfl¡ õ∂Ó¬…é¬ fl¡À1, ø‰¬øÚ
¬Û±˚˛ ’±1n∏ Ó¬±1 ˜±Ê√Ó¬ ˘œÌ Δ˝√√ ˚±˚˛º øfl¡c ˜±Ú≈˝√À1 ˝√√›fl¡ ¬ı±
’±Ú Ê√œªÀ1 ˝√√›fl¡º ¤˝◊√ ˜≈øMê√ ¸˝√√ÀÊ√ ’±1n∏ fl¡˜ ¸˜˚˛1 øˆ¬Ó¬1ÀÓ¬
˘±ˆ¬ Ú˝√√˚˛º ·œÓ¬±Ó¬ fl‘¡¯û˝◊√ Δfl¡ÀÂ√,
ë¬ıUÚ±˜ Ê√ij±Ú±˜ÀôL√ ˆ¬·¬ı±Ú ˜±— õ∂±¬Û√…ÀÓ¬ºí
’Ô«±» Ò1±Ó¬ ¬ıU¬ı±1 Ê√ij ˘±ˆ¬ fl¡1±1 ¬Û±Â√Ó¬ :±ÚœÊ√ÀÚÀ˝√√
Œ˜±fl¡√ ˘±ˆ¬ fl¡ø1¬ı ¬Û±À1º ˝◊√˚˛±Ó¬ ≈√Ȭ± fl¡Ô± Œfl¡±ª± Δ˝√√ÀÂ√º ¤fl¡,
˜≈øMê√ ¬Û±¬ıÕ˘ Œfl¡˝◊√¬ı±È¬±› Ê√ij ’øÓ¬Sê˜ fl¡ø1¬ı ˘±ø·¬ıº fl¡±1Ì
˜≈øMê√ ¬Û±¬ıÕ˘ :±Ú ˘±ˆ¬ fl¡ø1¬ı ˘±ø·¬ıº :±Ú Œ¬ı±À˘±ÀÓ¬
¸‘ø©ÜÓ¬Q1 ¸˜…fl¡ :±Ú ˘±ˆ¬º ’±Ú˝√√±ÀÓ¬ fl‘¡¯û˝◊√ ë¬ıU Ê√ijí1
fl¡Ô± Œfl¡±ª±1 ¬Û1± ¬ı≈Ê√±˝◊√ÀÂ√ Œ˚ øÓ¬øÚȬ± ¬ı± Ó¬ÀÓ¬±øÒfl¡ Ê√ij1
’ôLÓ¬À˝√√ ˜≈øMê√ ˘±ˆ¬ fl¡1±ÀȬ± ¸yª ˝√√í¬ı ¬Û±À1º ¤˝◊√ø‡øÚÀÓ¬ õ∂ùü
ά◊øͬ¬ı ¬Û±À1, ˚ø√ ¬ıU Ê√ij1 ’ôLÓ¬À˝√√ :±Ú ˘±ˆ¬ ˝√√˚˛ ’±1n∏
ŒÓ¬ÀÚ ¤Ê√Ú ¸±ÒÀfl¡ ¸‘ø©ÜÓ¬N1 ¬Û”Ì« :±Ú ˘±ˆ¬ fl¡ø1À˝√√ ˜≈øMê√
¬Û±˚˛ ŒÓ¬ÀôLÀÚ± ¬ı±ô¶ª Ê√·Ó¬Ó¬ øfl¡˚˛, ¤fl¡ ’Ú… 1+¬Û Œ√‡±
˚±˚˛∑ ¬ıUÀÓ¬± ¸±ÒÀfl¡ ¸±ÒÚ±1 ¬ı˘Ó¬ ¤Àfl¡È¬± Ê√ijÀÓ¬ ˘±ˆ¬
fl¡ø1ÀÂ√ ˜≈øMê√º Ó¬±1 ¤È¬± ά◊»fl‘¡©Ü ά◊√±˝√√1Ì Δ˝√√ÀÂ√ ¬ı≈Xº qÀX±ÒÚ1
¬Û≈S, Œ·ÃÓ¬˜ 1Ê√± ’±øÂ√˘º ŒÓ¬›“ ¸—¸±1 ¬Ûø1Ó¬…±· fl¡ø1 fl¡Àͬ±1
¸±ÒÚ±1 ¬ı˘Ó¬ ë’1˝Qí ¬ı± ˜≈øMê√ ˘±ˆ¬ fl¡ø1øÂ√˘º Œ¸˝◊√√À1
˜Ò…˚≈·ÀÓ¬± ˆ¬±1Ó¬Ó¬ ¬ıUÀÓ¬± ¸±ÒÀfl¡ ÷ù´11 ¸±øißÒ… ˘±ˆ¬ fl¡ø1øÂ√˘
fl¡Àͬ±1 Ó¬¬Û¸…±1 ¬ı˘Ó¬º ’Ô‰¬ fl‘¡¯û˝◊√ Δfl¡ÀÂ√ Œ˚, :±Úœ ˝√√í¬ıÕ˘
¬ı± 븘±øÒí ˘±ˆ¬ fl¡ø1¬ıÕ˘ ¬ıU Ê√ij ’øÓ¬Sê˜ fl¡ø1¬ı ˘±ø·¬ıº
¤Àfl¡È¬± Ê√ijÀÓ¬ Œfl¡±ÀÚ± :±Úœ ˝√í¬ı ŒÚ±ª±À1 ’±1n∏ ¸˜±øÒ ˘±ˆ¬
fl¡ø1¬ı ŒÚ±ª±À1º ŒÓ¬ÀôL øfl¡ ÷ù´11 ’ªÓ¬±1, fl‘¡¯û˝◊√ Œfl¡±ª±
fl¡Ô±¯∏±1 ˆ¬≈˘∑ ¸“±Ô1ÀȬ± Œ¸˝◊√ø‡øÚÀÓ¬º ø˚ fl‘¡¯û˝◊√ øÚÊ√1 ø¬ıù´1+¬Û
Œ√‡≈ª±˝◊√ ’Ê≈√«Úfl¡ ø¬ıÀ˜±ø˝√√Ó¬ fl¡ø1øÂ√˘ Œ¸˝◊√ ¬Û≈1n∏¯∏ ¬Û≈1±Ì fl‘¡¯û1
fl¡Ô± ˆ¬≈˘ ˝√√í¬ı ŒÚ±ª±À1º ·œÓ¬±1 ¤˝◊√ Œù≠±fl¡ÀȬ±Àª Œ¸˝◊√ fl¡Ô±1
&Ϭˇ Ó¬NÀȬ± ¬ı≈øÊ√ Œ¬Û±ª±Ó¬ ¸˝√√±˚˛ fl¡ø1¬ıº fl‘¡¯û˝◊√ ’Ê≈√«Ú1 ¤È¬±
õ∂ùü1 ά◊M√1Ó¬ ¤˝◊√√À1 Δfl¡øÂ√˘,
ë¬ıUøÚ Œ˚ ¬ı…Ó¬œÓ¬±øÚ Ê√ij±øÚ Ó¬¬ı ‰¬±Ê≈√«Ú
’Ú…˝√√— Œ¬ı√ ¸¬ı«±øÚ Ú ŒQ Œ¬ıp¡ ¬Û¬ı—Ó¬¬Ûº
Œ˚øÓ¬˚˛± fl‘¡¯û˝◊√ ’Ê≈√«Úfl¡ Δfl¡øÂ√˘ Œ˚ ëë’Ó¬œÓ¬Ó¬ ˜˝◊√
11
¸”˚«…À√ª ø¬ıª¶§±Úfl¡ [¤˝◊√] ’˜1 fl¡˜«À˚±· ø˙fl¡±˝◊√øÂ√À˘± ’±1n∏
ø¬ıª¶§±ÀÚ ¬Û≈S ˜Ú≈, ˜Ú≈Àª ¬Û≈S ˝◊√é´¬ ±fl≈¡fl¡ ¤˝◊√ ø˙鬱 õ∂√±Ú
fl¡ø1øÂ√˘º ¤˝◊√ √À1 ¤˝◊√ ø˙鬱 ¬Û≈1n∏¯∏ ¬Û1•Û1±SêÀ˜ ‰¬ø˘
’±ø˝√√øÂ√˘ºíí fl‘¡¯û1 ¤˝◊√ fl¡Ô± qøÚ ’Ê≈√«ÀÚ ŒÓ¬›“fl¡ õ∂Ó¬…˝3√±Ú
Ê√Ú±˝◊√ õ∂ùü fl¡ø1øÂ√˘ Œ˚, ¸”˚«À√Àª ø¬ıª¶§±Ú ’±À¬Û±Ú±1 ¬ıUfl¡±˘
¬Û”À¬ı« Ê√ij ¢∂˝√Ì fl¡ø1øÂ√˘, ’±¬Û≈øÚ ŒÓ¬›“fl¡ Œfl¡ÀÚÕfl¡ ¤˝◊√ Œ˚±·
ø¬ı√…±1 ø˙鬱 ø√øÂ√˘∑ ¤˝◊√ÀȬ± ¸yªÀÚ/
ŒÓ¬øÓ¬˚˛± fl‘¡¯û˝◊√ ë¬ıUøÚ Œ˚ ¬ı…Ó¬œÓ¬±ø˜ Ê√ij±øÚ Ó¬¬ı
‰¬±Ê≈√«Úíñ ά◊Mê√ Œù≠±fl¡ÀȬ±1 Œ˚±À· ¤˝◊√ &1n∏Q¬Û”Ì« ¸Ó¬… ’Ê≈√«Ú1
’±·Ó¬ √±ø„√√ Òø1 Δfl¡øÂ√˘, ëëŒ˝√√ ¬Û1ôL¬Û Œ˜±1 ’±1n∏ ŒÓ¬±˜±1 ¬ıU
Ê√ij ’øÓ¬¬ı±ø˝√√Ó¬ Δ˝√√ÀÂ√º Œ¸˝◊√ ¸fl¡À˘±À¬ı±1 Ê√ij1 fl¡Ô± Œ˜±1
˜ÚÓ¬ ’±ÀÂ√º øfl¡c Ó≈¬ø˜ ŒÓ¬±˜±1 Œ¸˝◊√ ÊijÀ¬ı±11 fl¡Ô± ¶ú1Ì
fl¡ø1¬ı ŒÚ±ª1±º ˘·ÀÓ¬ fl‘¡¯û˝◊√ Δfl¡øÂ√˘ Œ˚, ëë˚ø√› ˜˝◊√ Ê√ij
’±1n∏ ˜‘Ó≈¬… 1ø˝√√Ó¬ ’±1n∏ ¸fl¡À˘± Ê√œªÀ1 ÷ù´1 Ó¬Ô±ø¬Û ˜˝◊√ ˚≈À·
˚≈À· ’ªÓ¬œÌ« ˝√√›“ºí
fl‘¡¯û˝◊√ øÚÊ√ ˜≈À‡ Œfl¡±ª± ¤˝◊√ fl¡Ô±ø‡øÚÀ˚˛ øÚ(˚˛ ’±ø˜
›¬Û1Ó¬ ά◊Ú≈øfl¡›ª± ¸“±ÔÀȬ±1 ›1 Œ¬Û˘±¬ı ’±1n∏ fl‘¡¯û˝◊√ Œfl¡±ª±
¬ıU Ê√ij1 ’ôLÓ¬íí fl¡Ô±¯∏±1À1± ¸Ó¬…Ó¬± õ∂˜±øÌÓ¬ ˝√√í¬ıº fl≈¡1n∏Àé¬S
˚≈X1 ¬ıœ1 ’Ê≈√«Ú1 √À1˝◊√ ¬ı≈X ’±ø√ ¸±Òfl¡¸fl¡À˘› ˝◊√øÓ¬˜ÀÒ…
Œfl¡˝◊√¬ı±È¬±› Ê√ij ’øÓ¬¬ı±ø˝√√Ó¬ fl¡ø1 ’±ø˝√√ ’ôLÓ¬ ë’1˝√√Qí ˘±ˆ¬
fl¡ø1øÂ√˘º ¤Àfl¡ Ê√ijÀÓ¬ ¤˝◊√ ø√¬ı…:±Ú ˘±ˆ¬ Œ˝√√±ª± Ú±˝◊√º fl‘¡¯û˝◊√
’Ê≈√«Úfl¡ Œfl¡±ª±1 √À1, ¬ı≈XÀ√Àª› øÚ(˚˛ ’ªø˝√√Ó¬ Ú±øÂ√˘ ŒÓ¬›“1
¬Û”¬ı«fl¡±˘1 Ê√ijÀ¬ı±11 ø¬ı¯∏À˚˛º Œ¸˝◊√ fl¡Ô± ÚÊ√Ú±Õfl¡À˚˛ ŒÓ¬›“
Œ¸˝◊√À¬ı±11 Ê√ij1 ¸—¶®±11 Ù¬˘|n∏øÓ¬ ¶§1+À¬Û ’øôL˜ ¬Û˚«±˚˛Ó¬
’Ô«±» ŒÓ¬›“1 ά◊Mê√ Ê√ijÓ¬ ˘±ˆ¬ fl¡ø1øÂ√˘ ø√¬ı…:±Úº ˚±1
Ù¬˘¶§1+À¬Û ŒÓ¬›“ Ê√ij-˜‘Ó≈¬…1 ¬Û±fl¡‚”1øÌ1 ¬Û1± ¸•Û”Ì«1+À¬Û
˜≈øMê√ ¬Û±˝◊√øÂ√˘º ŒÓ¬›“1 Ê√±·øÓ¬fl¡ ¸N± ¬Û±1À˘Ãøfl¡fl¡ ¸N±1
˘·Ó¬ ˘œÚ Δ˝√√øÂ√˘ ’±1n∏ Ê√œª1 ˜”˘ ˘é¬… ¬Û1˜ :±Ú¶§1+¬Û
¸—ø‰¬» ’±Úμ1 ˜±Ê√Ó¬ ’ª·±˝√√1 fl¡ø1øÂ√˘º
ά◊¬Û¸—˝√√±1 – ›¬Û1Ó¬ ά◊Ú≈øfl¡˚˛±˝◊√ ’˝√√± Œù≠±fl¡ÀȬ±Ó¬ 눬≈Ó¬±øÚí
˙sÀȬ±Àª ¸fl¡À˘± Ê√œª1 ø¬ı¯∏À˚˛ ά◊À~‡ fl¡ø1 Δfl¡ÀÂ√ Œ˚, õ∂øÓ¬ÀȬ±
Ê√œª˝◊√ ¬Û1˜±Úμ ˘±ˆ¬1 ¬ı±À¬ı Ê√ij ¢∂˝√Ì fl¡À1º ˝◊√˚˛±fl¡ Ê√±øÚ¬ıÕ˘
’±ø˜ ¶§±˜œ ø¬ıÀ¬ıfl¡±Úμ1 Ó¬˘1 fl¡Ô±ø‡øÚ ˜Ú fl¡ø1¬ı ¬Û±À1“±º ŒÓ¬›“
Δfl¡ÀÂ√, 븘±ø1 ˘±ˆ¬ Œ˚ õ∂øÓ¬Ê√Ú ¬ı…øMê√À1 ¸•Û√ ŒÓ¬ÀÚ Ú˝√√˚˛,
’±Úøfl¡ ¬Ûq-¬Û鬜1 ¬ı±À¬ı› ˝◊√ ¤fl¡ ¸•Û√º øÚfl‘¡©Ü ¬Ûq ¤È¬±1
¬Û1± ά◊2‰¬-‡±¬Û1 Œ√ª”√Ó¬ Ê√ÚÕ˘ ¸fl¡À˘±Àª Œfl¡±ÀÚ± Ú˝√√˚˛ Œfl¡±ÀÚ±
¤È¬± ¸˜˚˛Ó¬ Œ¸˝◊√ ô¶1Õ˘ [¸˜±øÒ] ’±ø˝√√¬ı ˘±ø·¬ı˝◊√ºíí
 fl≈¡˜±1Ó≈¬ø˘1 ø˙äœñ
÷ù´11 ¸‘ø©Üfl¡Ó¬«±
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ŒÙ¬±Ú Ú— – 9004240726

¤fl¡ Œ·Ã1ª˜˚˛ ‹øÓ¬˝√√… ’±1n∏ ¬ı±À1¬ı1Ìœ˚˛± ¸—¶‘®øÓ¬
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’—˙º ¤fl¡ øÚø√«©Ü ¸˜±Ê√1 Δ¸ÀÓ¬ ¸•Ûøfl¡«Ó¬ Œ˝√√±ª±1 ’Ú≈ˆ”¬øÓ¬,
Œ¸˝√◊ ¸˜±Ê√1 øÚ˚˛˜ ’±1n∏ 1œøÓ¬-ÚœøÓ¬ ’Ú≈¸1Ì fl¡1± ’±1n∏
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fl¡˘fl¡±Ó¬±, ÚÓ≈¬Ú ’±1n∏ ¬Û≈1øÌ1 ¤fl¡ ’æ≥√Ó¬ ’±1n∏ ’ˆ”¬Ó¬¬Û”¬ı«
¸—·˜Ó¬ ·Ï¬ˇ Δ˘ Î◊¬Í¬± ¸√±¬ı…ô¶ õ∂±ÌªôL ‰¬˝√√1º Œ¸˝√◊ fl¡˘fl¡±Ó¬±1
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’±ø˘À¬ı±11 ¬ı…ô¶Ó¬±1 ˜±Ê√ÀÓ¬ ’±ÀÂ√ ¤øȬ ¸Ê√œ¬ı ¬Û‘ᬱ,
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ΔÓ¬˚˛±1 fl¡ø1 øÚÊ√1 ¬ı±À¬ı Ê√œøªfl¡± øÚ¬ı«±˝√√ fl¡ø1 ’±ø˝√√ÀÂ√º ˚±1
Ê√ø1˚˛ÀÓ¬ Ê√±øÚ¬ı≈øÊ√ ¬ı± ’:±ÀÓ¬ ŒÓ¬›“À˘±Àfl¡ ¤øȬ ø¬ıÀ˙¯∏
¬Û1•Û1± ˚≈· ˚≈· Òø1 ¬Û±˘Ú fl¡ø1 ’˝√√±1 ˘·ÀÓ¬ ¬Û1ªÓ¬«œ
õ∂Ê√ijÕ˘› Œõ∂1Ì fl¡ø1ÀÂ√º
¬ıÓ¬«˜±Ú fl¡˘fl¡±Ó¬±1 Î◊¬M√√1 ’—˙Ó¬ ’ªø¶öÓ¬ fl≈¡˜±1Ó≈¬ø˘
’=˘Ó¬ ¤˝√◊ ø˙䜸fl¡˘ õ∂±˚˛ 300 ¬ıÂ√1 Òø1 ¬ı¸øÓ¬ fl¡ø1
’±ø˝√√ÀÂ√º fl≈¡˜±1Ó≈¬ø˘ Ú±˜ÀȬ±› fl≈¡˜±1¸fl¡˘1 ¬ı±¸¶ö±Ú1 ¬ı±À¬ı˝√◊
Î◊¬æ√ª Δ˝√√ÀÂ√ñ ëfl≈¡˜±1í ˙s1 ’Ô« Δ˝√√ÀÂ√ ˜‘»ø˙ä øÚ˜«±Ó¬± ’±1n∏
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¸±ÒÚ± ’±1n∏ Œ‰¬©Ü±1 ›¬Ûø1› fl≈¡˜±1Ó≈¬ø˘À˚˛ ˙ ˙ ¬ıÂ√1 Òø1
øÚÊ√1 ‹øÓ¬˝√√… ¬ı˝√√Ú fl¡ø1 Ô±øfl¡¬ı ¬Û1±Ó¬ ’ªÀ˙… ’˝√◊Ú øfl¡Â≈√˜±Ú
fl¡±1fl¡À1± õ∂ˆ¬±ª ’±ÀÂ√º ͬ±˝√◊‡Ú1 Œˆ¬ÃÀ·±ø˘fl¡ ’ª¶ö±Ú ˝√◊˚˛±1
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Œfl¡ÀÚÕfl¡ ˝√√±Àάˇ ø˝√√˜Ê√≈Àª Ê√øάˇÓ¬ Δ˝√√ ’±ÀÂ√º
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¬ıU¸˜˚˛Ó¬ ’¶Û©Üº Ó¬≈√¬Ûø1 ˝√◊˚˛±1 fl≈¡˜±1ø‡øÚ1 ø¬ıM√√ œ˚˛
¬Ûø1ø¶öøÓ¬› ‡≈¬ı ¸ÀôL±¯∏Ê√Úfl¡ Ú˝√√˚˛º Ó¬Ô±ø¬Û ŒÓ¬›“À˘±fl¡ øÚÊ√1
fl¡˜«fl¡ Δ˘ Œ·Ã1ª±øi§Ó¬ ’±øÊ√›º Î◊¬M√√1±øÒfl¡±1œø˝√√‰¬±À¬Û ¬Û≈1n∏¯∏
’±1n∏ ˜ø˝√√˘± Î◊¬ˆ¬À˚˛ fl¡±˜À¬ı±1 ’¬ı…±˝√√Ó¬ 1±ø‡ÀÂ√ ˚ø√› ˜≈‡…Ó¬–
fl¡±˜ÀȬ±Ó¬ Œfl¡ª˘ ¬Û≈1n∏¯∏¸fl¡À˘À˝√√ fl¡1± Œ√ø‡¬ıÕ˘ ¬Û±˝√◊øÂ√À˘±º
˜ø˝√√˘±1 ¸—‡…± ¬ıUÓ¬ fl¡˜º
fl≈¡˜±1Ó≈¬ø˘1 ø˙䜸fl¡˘1 Œ¬ıøÂ√ˆ¬±· fl¡˜«˙±˘± ’Ó¬…±øÒfl¡
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¶ö±Ú 1‡±1 ¬ı±À¬ı ͬ±˝√◊ õ∂±˚˛ Ú±˝√◊º øfl¡Â≈√˜±Ú1 Œé¬SÓ¬ ¤È¬± ›¬Û11
˜˝√√˘±› øÚÀ˚˛±øÊ√Ó¬ ’±ÀÂ√ ˚íÓ¬ fl¡øÚᬠø˙䜸fl¡À˘ ¸1n∏ ˜”øÓ¬«
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¤fl¡ ’øÓ¬ fl¡Àͬ±1 ¸˜˚˛¸”‰¬œ ’Ú≈¸1Ì fl¡ø1¬ı ˘·± ˝√√˚˛º

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¤¬ı±1 fl≈¡˜±1Ó≈¬ø˘1 ·˘œÀ˚˛ ·˘œÀ˚˛ ‚”ø1 Ù≈¬1± ¸˜˚˛Ó¬
¸≈øÒøÂ√À˘“± ŒÓ¬›“À˘±fl¡1 ø˙¬Û±1 fl¡Ô±º ¬Û1•Û1±·Ó¬ˆ¬±Àª
fl¡≈˜±1Ó≈¬ø˘1 ø˙䜸fl¡À˘ ŒÓ¬›“À˘±fl¡1 ¬Û”¬ı«¬Û≈1n∏¯∏ Ú±ø√˚˛± øÊ√˘±1
¬Û1± ’˝√√± ¬ı≈ø˘ fl¡¬ı Œ‡±ÀÊ√º Œ˘±fl¡fl¡Ô± ’Ú≈¸ø1, 1757
‰¬ÚÓ¬ õ≠±ÀÂ√1 ˚≈XÓ¬ ø‰¬1±Ê√-Î◊¬√-À√Ã˘±1 ›¬Û1Ó¬ ø¬ıËøȬÂ√1 ø¬ıÊ√˚˛fl¡
¶ú1Ì fl¡ø1¬ıÕ˘ 1¬ı±È¬« flv¡±˝√◊ˆ¬1 ¸ij±ÚÓ¬ ¬Û”Ê√±1 ¬ı±À¬ı ≈√·«± ˜”øÓ¬«
øÚ˜«±Ì fl¡ø1¬ıÕ˘ Ó¬√±ÚœôLÚ 1Ê√± Ú¬ı±fl¡‘¯∏û Œ√Àª fl¡‘¯∏ûÚ·11
¬Û1± [Ú±ø√˚˛± øÊ√˘±1] fl¡˘fl¡±Ó¬±Õ˘ õ∂Ô˜ fl≈¡˜±1Ê√Úfl¡ ’±øÚøÂ√˘
Œ˝√√ÀÚ±º ø¬ÛÂ√Õ˘ 1765 ‰¬ÚÓ¬ ˝√◊©Ü ˝√◊øG˚˛± Œfl¡±•Û±ÚœÀ˚˛ ˜≈‡…Ó¬–
¬ı—·1 ø√ª±Úœ õ∂±5 fl¡1±1 ¶§±Ô«Ó¬ ø˝√√μ≈ Œ˘±fl¡¸fl¡˘fl¡ ¸c©Ü
fl¡1±1 ¤fl¡ Œfl¡Ã˙˘ ø˝√√‰¬±À¬Û ≈√·«± Œ√ªœ1 ¬Û”Ê√± ’±·¬ıϬˇ±˚˛º
˘±À˝√√ ˘±À˝√√ ¬Û1ªÓ¬«œ ¸˜˚˛Õ˘ ’±1n∏ ¬ıUÀÓ¬± ÒÚœ ¬Ûø1˚˛±À˘
ŒÓ¬›“À˘±fl¡1 ‚1Ó¬ ≈√·«± ¬Û”Ê√± Î◊¬√˚±¬ÛÚ fl¡ø1¬ıÕ˘ ’±1y fl¡À1
’±1n∏ ˜”øÓ¬« øÚ˜«±Ì1 ¬ı±À¬ı Ú±ø√˚˛±1 ¬Û1± fl≈¡˜±1¸fl¡˘fl¡ ’Ú≈À1±Ò
13
fl¡À1º ¤ÀÚ√À1˝√◊ ŒÓ¬›“À˘±fl¡1 Ú±˜ ’±1n∏ fl¡±˜1 fl¡Ô± ˘±À˝√√
˘±À˝√√ ø¬ı˚˛ø¬Û ¬ÛÀ1 ’±1n∏ fl¡˘fl¡±Ó¬± Œ¬ÛÃ1 øÚ·˜1 8 Ú— ª±Î¬«Ó¬
’ªø¶öÓ¬, Œ¬ıøÂ√ˆ¬±· 1¬ıœf ¸1±Úœ [¬Û”¬ı«ÀÓ¬ ø‰¬Ó¬¬Û≈1 Œ1±Î¬] ’±1n∏
U·˘œ Ú√œ1 ˜±Ê√1 Œ¬ıøÚ˚˛±ÀȬ±˘± ’±1n∏ Œ˙±ˆ¬±¬ıÊ√±11 ˜±Ê√1
Ô±˝√◊ø‡øÚÓ¬ ¶ö±˚˛œÕfl¡ Ô±øfl¡¬ıÕ˘ ’±1y fl¡À1º Œ¸˝√◊ ¸˜˚˛Ó¬
fl≈¡˜±1¸fl¡˘ 1Ô˚±S±1 ’±·ÀÓ¬ fl≈¡˜±1Ó≈¬ø˘Õ˘ ’±ø˝√√ ¸fl¡À˘±
Î◊¬»¸ª1 ¸˜±ø51 ø¬ÛÂ√Ó¬ ’Ô«±» fl¡±˘œ¬Û”Ê√±1 ø¬ÛÂ√Ó¬À˝√√ øÚÊ√
ͬ±˝√◊Õ˘ Î◊¬ˆ¬øÓ¬ Δ·øÂ√˘º ’ªÀ˙… ¤fl¡ø¬ı—˙ ˙øÓ¬fl¡±1 ’±1yøÌÀÓ¬
fl¡˘fl¡±Ó¬± ˜”øÓ¬«¸˜”˝√1 ¬ı±À¬ı ¤fl¡ &1n∏Q¬Û”Ì« ¬ıÊ√±1 Δ˝√√ ¬Ûø1øÂ√˘
øfl¡˚˛ÀÚ± ’¸—‡… ¬Û”Ê√± Œ¬ÛÀGÀ˘ ‰¬˝√√1‡Ú1 Δ√‚«… ’±1n∏ õ∂¶öfl¡
¸≈À˙±øˆ¬Ó¬ fl¡ø1øÂ√˘ ’±1n∏ ˜”øÓ¬«1 õ∂À˚˛±Ê√Úœ˚˛Ó¬± ¬ıU&ÀÌ ¬ı‘øX
¬Û±˝√◊øÂ√˘º ˘À· ˘À· ¬ı‘øX ¬Û±˝√◊øÂ√˘ fl≈¡˜±1 ¸fl¡˘1 ‰¬±ø˝√√√±›º
ŒÓ¬›“À˘±fl¡1 ¬ıUÀÓ¬ ¬ı…ª¸±˚˛ ¬ı±øϬˇ ’˝√√±1 ˘À· ˘À· øÔÓ¬±ø¬Û
˘í¬ıÕ˘ ’±1y fl¡ø1øÂ√˘º
fl≈¡˜±1Ó≈¬ø˘1 ˜”øÓ¬« øÚ˜«±Ì õ∂øSê˚˛±ÀȬ±Ó¬ Œfl¡˝√◊Ȭ±˜±Ú Œ˜Ãø˘fl¡
õ∂øSê˚˛± Ô±Àfl¡ ˚±fl¡ ¸fl¡À˘± ø˙äœÀ˚˛ ’Ú≈¸1Ì fl¡À1º ’±1yøÌÀÓ¬,
˜”øÓ¬«1 fl¡±Í¬±À˜±ÀȬ± ¬ı“±˝√√ ’±1n∏ Œ‡1 ¬ı…ª˝√√±1 fl¡ø1 ¸±Ê√≈ fl¡ø1
Œ˘±ª± ˝√√˚˛ ˚±fl¡ ˜1±¬Û±È¬1 ¸”Ó¬±1 ¡Z±1± ¬ı“±˝√√ Œ‡1À¬ı±1, Œ˜ø1˚˛±˝√◊
¬ıg± ˝√√˚˛ ˚±ÀÓ¬ ˜”øÓ¬«ÀȬ±1 ¤fl¡ ø¬ıÀ˙¯∏ 1+¬Û õ∂√±Ú fl¡ø1¬ı ¬Û1±
˚±˚˛º ¤˝√◊ ŒÙˬ˜ÀȬ±1 ›¬Û1Ó¬ Ó¬±1 ø¬ÛÂ√Ó¬ ·—·± Ú√œ1 ¬Û1± ’Ú±
˜±øȬÀ1 Œ˘¬ÛÚ ø√˚˛± ˝√√˚˛º
Œ˘±fl¡fl¡±ø˝√√Úœ ’Ú≈¸ø1, ˜”øÓ¬« øÚ˜«±Ì1 ¬ı±À¬ı ˜±øȬ1 õ∂Ô˜
ŒÈ¬±À¬Û±˘±À¬ı±1 Œ¸±Ú±·±øÂ√1 √À1 ¤À˘fl¡± ’Ô«±» ¬ÛøÓ¬Ó¬±¸fl¡˘1
‚11 ≈√ª±1√ø˘1 ¬Û1± ¸—¢∂˝√ fl¡1± Δ˝√√øÂ√˘º ˝√◊˚˛±Ó¬ øfl¡˜±Ú Ò˜«œ˚˛
˚≈øMê˚≈MêÓ¬± ¸±À„√√±1 ‡±˝√◊ ’±ÀÂ√ ¬ı≈Ê√± Ú±˚±˚˛ ˚ø√› Œ¸˝√◊ ŒÓ¬øÓ¬˚˛±1
¬Û1±˝√◊ ‰¬ø˘ ’˝√√± ¤˝√◊ õ∂øSê˚˛±ÀȬ±Àª ¤˝√◊ ¸˜˚˛ÀÓ¬± ø¬ıÀ˙¯∏ˆ¬±Àª
&1n∏Q ˘±ˆ¬ fl¡ø1 ’±ø˝√√ÀÂ√º
fl¡˘fl¡±Ó¬±Ó¬ Ôfl¡± ¸˜˚˛ÀÂ√±ª±Ó¬ fl≈¡˜±1Ó≈¬ø˘Õ˘ ø˚˜±Ú¬ı±À1˝√◊
Δ·ÀÂ√“± ø¸˜±ÀÚ˝√◊ ͬ±˝√◊‡Ú1 ø¬ıÀ˙¯∏Q˝√◊ ’±˜±fl¡ ‰≈¬•§1fl¡ √À1
’±fl¡¯∏«Ì fl¡ø1øÂ√˘º ’ªÀ˙… fl≈¡˜±1¸fl¡˘1 fl¡©Ü¬Û”Ì« Ê√œªÀÚ ¬ıU
¸˜˚˛Ó¬ ˜ÚÓ¬ ≈√‡ øÚø√˚˛±› Ú˝√√˚˛º ¤È¬± fl¡Ô± Ò≈1+¬Û Œ˚ fl≈¡˜±1Ó≈¬ø˘
’±˜±1 Œ√˙1 ¤fl¡ ¸yÚ±¬Û”Ì« ¬Û˚«È¬fl¡Ô˘œ Δ˝√√ Î◊¬øͬ¬ı ¬Û±À1º ¤˝√◊
ø¬ı¯∏˚˛1Ó¬º fl¡˘±Àõ∂˜œ ’±1n∏ ‰¬1fl¡±1 Î◊¬ˆ¬À˚˛ &1n∏Q ø√˚˛± Î◊¬ø‰¬Ó¬º
˙ ˙ ¬ıÂ√1 Òø1 ‰¬ø˘ ’˝√√± ¸—¶‘®øÓ¬ ¤È¬±fl¡ Ê√œ˚˛±˝√◊ 1±ø‡ Î◊¬ø‰¬Ó¬
¸ij±Ú õ∂√±Ú fl¡1±ÀȬ± ¤˝√◊ ¸˜˚˛1 √±¬ıœ ø˝√√‰¬±À¬Û˝√◊ ·Ì… fl¡1±ÀȬ±
’±‰¬˘ÀÓ¬ ‡≈Àª˝√◊ Ê√1n∏1œº
 Úª1±øS
[ˆ¬øMê 1¸]
ø˙‡± ˙˜«±, ¬ı±—·±À˘±1
ŒÙ¬±Ú Ú— – 955940221
Úª1±øS ¤fl¡ ¸—¶‘®Ó¬ ˙s ˚±1 ’Ô«ñ Ú 1±øÓ¬º Úª1±øS
Î◊¬M√√1 ˆ¬±1Ó¬¬ı¯∏«1 ¤fl¡ õ∂Ò±Ú Î◊¬»¸ªº ˆ¬±1Ó¬¬ı¯∏«1 Î◊¬M√√1 õ∂À√˙,
˜Ò…õ∂À√˙, ø√~œ, &Ê√1±È¬, 1±Ê√¶ö±Ú, Î◊¬M√√1±‡G ’±ø√ õ∂À√˙Ó¬
”√·«± Œ√ªœfl¡ Úª1±øSfl¡ Î◊¬»¸ª ø˝√√‰¬±À¬Û ¬Û±˘Ú fl¡À1º ¬ıÂ√1Ó¬
‰¬±ø1 ¬ı±1 Úª1±øS ¬Û”Ê√± ˝√√˚˛º ˜±‚, ‰¬íÓ¬, ’±˝√√∏±1 ’±1n∏ ’±ø˝√√Ú
˜±˝√√1 õ∂øÓ¬¬Û√1 ¬Û1± Úª˜œ øÓ¬øÔÕ˘Àfl¡ ≈√·«øÓ¬Ú±ø˙Úœ ≈√·«±
Œ√ªœ1 ¬Û”Ê√± ’‰¬«Ú± fl¡1± ˝√√˚˛º ˝√◊˚˛±1 øˆ¬Ó¬1Ó¬ ‰¬íÓ¬ ’±1n∏ ’±ø˝√√Ú
˜±˝√√1 ≈√·«± ¬Û”Ê√±À˝√√ ˆ¬±1Ó¬¬ı¯∏«1 Œ˘±fl¡¸fl¡À˘ ¬ı1 Î◊¬»¸±À˝√√À1
’±1n∏ Ò≈˜Ò±˜À1 ¬Û±˘Ú fl¡À1º Úª1±øSÓ¬ ’±ø√˙øMê Ú 1+¬ÛÓ¬
¸˜ø¬Û«Ó¬º ≈√·«øÓ¬Ú±ø˙Úœ ≈√·«± Œ√ªœfl¡ Úª1±øSÓ¬ Δ˙˘¬Û≈Sœ,
¬ıËp¡‰¬±ø1Ìœ, ‰¬f‚∞I◊±, fl≈¡É±G±, ©®μ˜±Ó¬±, fl¡±Ó¬…±˚˛Úœ, fl¡±˘1±øS,
˜˝√√±À·Ã1œ, ø¸øX√±Sœ Ú±˜À1 ¬Û”Ê√± fl¡1± ˝√√˚˛º Ú-ø√Ú Ú-1+¬Û1
¬Û”Ê√± ’‰¬«Ú± fl¡ø1, ¬ıËÓ¬ 1±ø‡, ø¬ıøÒ-ø¬ıÒ±Ú¸˝√√ ¬Û”Ê√±-¬Û±˘Ú fl¡ø1À˘
˙øMê1 õ∂øÓ¬fl¡ ≈√·«± Œ√ªœ1 fl‘¡¬Û±Ó¬ ≈√‡, fl¡©Ü, Œ1±·, ˙Sn∏ Ú±˙
˝√√˚˛ ¬ı≈ø˘ fl¡øÔÓ¬ ’±ÀÂ√º ˆ¬±1Ó¬¬ı¯∏«1 ¬Û”¬ı õ∂±ôLÓ¬ ’¸˜, ¬Ûø(˜
Œ¬ıe˘, Î◊¬ø1¯∏…±, ø¬ı˝√√±1 ’±ø√Ó¬ ¯©Üœ1 ¬Û1± √˙˜œÕ˘Àfl¡ ¤˝√◊
¬Û¬ı«fl¡ ≈√·«±¬Û”Ê√± Ú±˜À1 ¬Û±˘Ú fl¡À1º Úª1±øS1 ¬ıËÓ¬ ’ÀÚfl¡
fl¡øͬں ¬ıËÓ¬Ó¬ Òø1Sœ1 ›¬Û1Ó¬ Î◊¬»¬Ûiß Œ˝√√±¬ı± ‡±√… ¢∂˝√ Ì fl¡1±
øÚÀ¯∏Òº ¬Û±ÚœÓ¬ Î◊¬»¬Ûiß ø˙„√√1±1 ’±È¬±À1 ΔÓ¬˚˛±1œ ’±È¬±, ’±˘≈,
˜”˘±, Ù¬˘, ¬ı±√±˜, ·1n∏1 ø‚Î◊¬, ¬ÛÚœ1 ’±ø√ Œ‡±ª±1 ø¬ıÒ±Ú
14
’±ÀÂ√º Ú-ø√Ú Ú‡, √±øάˇ, ‰≈¬ø˘ ’±ø√ fl¡È¬± øÚÀ˙Òº ¬ÛøÓ¬-
¬ÛPœÀ˚˛ Ú-ø√Ú ¸—¸±1 Ê√œªÚ Ó¬…±· fl¡ø1√¬ı ˘±ø·¬ıº ’±ø˝√√Ú
˜±˝√√1 Úª1±øS1 ˙1Ó¬ Ÿ¬Ó≈¬Ó¬ Ú-1±øÓ¬ ’±Ò…±øRfl¡ ’±1n∏ ˜±Úø¸fl¡
˙øMê ¸±ÒÚ±, ø¸øX õ∂±5 fl¡ø1¬ıÕ˘ ˆ¬Mê¸fl¡À˘ fl¡Àͬ±1 ¬ıËÓ¬
’±1n∏ øÚ˚˛˜-ÚœøÓ¬ ¬Û±˘Ú fl¡À1º Úª1±øS1 õ∂øÓ¬¬Û√1 ø√Ú± ‚Ȭ
¶ö±¬ÛÚ fl¡À1 ’±1n∏ ˜±øȬ1 ¬Û±SÓ¬ ˚-Ò±Ú ø¸“ø‰¬ ;ª±1± ΔÓ¬˚˛±1
fl¡À1 ’±1n∏ ¤˝√◊ ;ª±1 √˙˜œ øÓ¬øÔ1 ø√Ú± ¬Ûø¬ıS Ú√œÓ¬ ø¬ı¯∏Ê√«Ú
ø√À˚˛º
Úª1±øSÓ¬ ≈√·«øÓ¬Ú±ø˙Úœ ≈√·«± Œ√ªœ1 Ú-1+¬Û1 ¬ıګ̱–
[1] Δ˙˘¬Û≈Sœ ‘ õ∂Ô˜ ¬Û”Ê√± Œ√ªœ ≈√·«øÓ¬Ú±ø˙Úœ ≈√·«±
Œ√ªœfl¡ Δ˙˘¬Û≈Sœ Œ√ªœ1 Ú±˜À1 Ê√Ú± ˚±˚˛º Δ˙˘¬Û≈Sœ1 ¤‡Ú
˝√√±Ó¬Ó¬ øS˙”˘ ’±1n∏ ’±Ú‡Ú ˝√√±Ó¬Ó¬ ¬Û≈√˜ Ù≈¬˘ ø¬ı1±Ê√˜±Úº
Œ√ªœ1 ¬ı±˝√√Ú ˝√í˘ ¯“∏±Î¬ˇ ·1n∏º Œ√ªœ ¬Û¬ı«Ó¬ ø˝√√˜±˘˚˛1 ¬Û≈Sœ
Œ¸À˚˛ Ú±˜ ¬Ûø1˘ Δ˙˘¬Û≈Sœº õ∂¸± – Δ˙˘¬Û≈Sœ1 ø‚Î◊¬ ¬ı1
øõ∂˚˛º ˆ¬Mê·ÀÌ Œ√ªœ1 ‰¬1ÌÓ¬ ø‚Î◊¬À1 ΔÓ¬˚˛±1 fl¡1± õ∂¸±√
’±·¬ıϬˇ±˝√◊ ’±˙œ¬ı«±√ ¢∂˝√Ì fl¡À1º Δ˙˘¬Û≈Sœ Œ√ªœfl¡ ¬Û”Ê√± fl¡ø1À˘
Œ1±· ˜≈Mê ˝√√˚˛ ¬ı≈ø˘ fl¡øÔÓ¬ ’±ÀÂ√º ˜±1 ¬Û”Ê√±Ó¬ ˝√√±˘Òœ˚˛± 1„√√1
¬ı¶a Ò±1Ì fl¡1± ˆ¬±˘º
 [2] ¬ıËp¡‰¬±ø1Ìœ – Úª1±øS1 ø¡ZÓ¬œ˚˛ ø√Ú± ≈√·«± ˜±fl¡
¬ıËp¡‰¬±ø1Ìœ 1+À¬Û ¬Û”Ê√± fl¡1± ˝√√˚˛º Œ√ªœ ¬ıËp¡‰¬±ø1ÌœÀ˚˛ ø˙ª
ˆ¬·ª±Úfl¡ ¬ÛøÓ¬ ø˝√√‰¬±À¬Û ¬Û±¬ıÕ˘ ¬ıËp¡‰¬±ø1Ìœ 1+À¬Û Ó¬¬Û fl¡ø1øÂ√˘º
Œ√ªœ1 ¤‡Ú ˝√√±Ó¬Ó¬ 1n∏^±é¬1 ˜±˘± ’±1n∏ ’±Ú‡Ú ˝√√±Ó¬Ó¬ fl¡˜G˘≈
ø¬ı1±Ê˜±Úº õ∂¸±√ – ˆ¬Mê·ÀÌ õ∂¸±√ ø˝√√‰¬±À¬Û Ó¬±À˜±˘-¬Û±Ì,
Ù¬˘-˜”˘, ˘—, ·±‡œ1, Δ√, ø˜Í¬±˝√◊ ’±ø√ ’±·¬ıϬˇ±˚˛º ¬ıËp¡‰¬±ø1Ìœ
Œ√ªœ1 ¬Û”Ê√±˝√◊ ˜Ú1 ¸≈‡-˙±øôL1 ˘·ÀÓ¬ ΔÒ˚« ˙øMê ’±1n∏ ˜ÀÚ±¬ı˘
¬ıϬˇ±˚˛º ¬ıËÓ¬œ¸fl¡À˘ Œ¸˝√◊ø√Ú± Œ¸Î◊¬Ê√œ˚˛± ¬ı¶a ¬Ûø1Ò±Ú fl¡ø1
¬Û”Ê√± ’‰¬«Ú± fl¡À1 º
[3] ‰¬f‚∞I◊± – Ó‘¬Ó¬œ˚˛ ø√Ú± ˜±Ó¬± ‰¬f‚∞I◊± 1+À¬Û ≈√·«±
Œ√ªœ1 ¬Û”Ê√± ¬Û±˘Ú fl¡1± ˝√√˚˛º Œ√ªœ1 fl¡¬Û±˘Ó¬ ‰¬f˜±, ˝√√±Ó¬Ó¬
øS˙”˘, ·√±, ¬Û≈√˜ Ù≈¬˘, ÒÚ≈¯∏, Ó¬À1±ª±˘, fl¡˜G˘≈, ø¬ı1±Ê˜±Ú
Δ˝√√ Ô±Àfl¡º Œ√ªœ ‰¬f‚∞I◊±1 ¬ı±˝√√Ú ¬ı±‚º ¤˝√◊ÀȬ± ”√·«± Œ√ªœ1
ŒSê±øÒÓ¬ 1+¬Ûº õ∂¸±√ – 鬜1 Œ√ªœ1 øõ∂˚˛º Œ¸À˚˛À˝√√ ˆ¬Mê·ÀÌ
鬜1 Î◊¬»¸·«± fl¡ø1 Œ√ªœ1 ’±˙«œ¬ı±√ ¢∂˝√ Ì fl¡À1º Œ√ªœÀ˚˛ ≈√‡
√ø1^Ó¬± ’“±Ó¬1±˚˛ Œ·±ÀȬ˝◊√ ¬ıÂ√1Õ˘ ˙±øôL õ∂√±Ú fl¡À1º ‰¬f‚∞I◊±
Œ√ªœ1 ¤˝√◊ 1+À¬Û ˆ¬”Ó¬-Œõ∂Ó¬ ’±Ó¬1±˝√◊ ¬ı≈ø˘ fl¡øÔÓ¬ ’±ÀÂ√º
Œ¸À˚˛À˝√√ ¬Û”Ê√± fl¡À1“±ÀÓ¬ ‚∞I◊± ¬ıÊ√±À˘ ‚11 ¸fl¡À˘± ëøÚÀ·øȬøˆ¬øȬí
”√1 ˝√√˚˛ ¬ı≈ø˘ Œfl¡±ª± ˝√√˚˛º ¬Û”Ê√±Ó¬ ˜È¬œ˚˛± 1„√√1 ¬ı¶a Ò±1Ì
fl¡ø1À˘ ˆ¬±˘º
[4] fl≈¡É±G± – ‰¬Ó≈¬Ô« ø√Ú± ≈√·«± Œ√ªœ1 fl≈¡É±G± 1+¬Û1
¬Û”Ê√± ¬Û±˘Ú fl¡1± ˝√√˚˛º fl≈¡¯∏ ˜±ÀÚ ¸1n∏, Î◊¬¯∏˜± ˜±ÀÚ ˙øMê,
’±μ± ˜±ÀÚ øά˜ ’Ô«±Ó¬ Œ·±˘fl¡º ˜±Ó¬±fl¡ ¬ıËp¡±G1 ’±ø√
˙øMê Œfl¡±ª± ˝√√˚˛º fl≈¡É±G± ˜±Ó¬±1 ’±Í¬‡Ú ˝√√±Ó¬º ’±Àͬ± ˝√√±Ó¬Ó¬
’¬Û±1 ˙øMêº Œ¸“±˝√√±Ó¬Ó¬ ¬Û≈√˜Ù≈¬˘ fl¡˜G˘≈, ÒÚ≈¯∏, ¬ı±Ìº ¬ı±›“
˝√√±Ó¬Ó¬ ·√±, ‰¬Sê, ’˜‘Ó¬ ¬Û±S ’±1n∏ Ê√¬Û˜±˘±º Œ√ªœ1 ¬ı±˝√√Ú
ø¸—˝√√º õ∂¸±√ – ˜±˘À¬Û±ª±º fl¡≈ɱG± ˜±Ó¬±1 ’±˙œ¬ı«±À√ ˆ¬Mê·Ìfl¡
ø¸X±ôL Œ˘±ª±1 鬘Ӭ± ˙øMê õ∂√±Ú fl¡À1º ˘·ÀÓ¬ ¬ı≈øX ˙øMê
¬ıϬˇ±˚˛º fl¡˜˘± 1„√√1 ¬ı¶a ¬Ûø1Ò±Ú fl¡1± ˆ¬±˘º
[5] ©®μ˜±Ó¬± – Úª1±øS1 ¬Û=˜ ø√Ú± ©®μ˜±Ó¬± 1+À¬Û
≈√·«øÓ¬Ú±ø˙Úœ ≈√·«± Œ√ªœ1 ¬Û”Ê√± ’‰¬«Ú± ˝√√˚˛º Œ√ªœ1 ¤˝√◊ 1+À¬Û
≈√‡Ú ˝√√±Ó¬Ó¬ ¬Û≈√˜ Ù≈¬˘ Δ˘ Ô±Àfl¡º ’±Ú ≈√‡Ú ˝√√±Ó¬Ó¬ fl¡˜G˘≈
’±1n∏ ‚∞I◊± ø¬ı1±Ê√˜±Úº ˜±1 Œfl¡±˘±Ó¬ ¬Û≈S fl¡±øÓ¬«fl¡ Œ√ªÓ¬±
¬ıø˝√√ Ô±Àfl¡º fl¡±øÓ¬«fl¡ Œ√ªfl¡ ©®μ Ú±À˜ Ê√Ú± ˚±˚˛º Œ¸À˚˛À˝√√
¬Û=˜ ≈√·«± ˜±Ó¬±fl¡ ©®μ˜±Ó¬± Ú±˜À1 Ê√Ú± ˚±˚˛º ©®μ˜±Ó¬±
¬Û≈√˜ Ù≈¬˘1 ›¬Û1Ó¬ ø¬ı1±Ê˜±Úº ¬ı±˝√√Ú ø¸—˝√º õ∂¸± – fl¡˘
Œ√ªœ1 øõ∂˚˛ õ∂¸±º Œ√ªœ1 ¤˝√◊ 1+¬Û ¸≈‡-√±˚˛œøÚº ©®iZ˜±Ó¬±1
¬Û”Ê√±˝√◊ ˆ¬Mê·Ìfl¡ ¸≈‡ õ∂√±Ú fl¡ø1 ˜≈øMê õ∂±ø51 ø√À˙ Δ˘ ˚±˚˛º
15
[6] fl¡±Ó¬…±˚˛Úœ – ¬Û”¬ı ˆ¬±1Ó¬¬ı¯∏«1 õ∂À√˙ ’¸˜, ¬Ûø(˜
Œ¬ıe˘, ø¬ı˝√√±1, Î◊¬ø1¯∏…± ’±ø√ Œ√˙Ó¬ ¯∏ᬜ ’Ô«±» ’±ø˝√√Ú ˜±˝√√1
qflv¡± ¯∏ᬜӬ ≈√ ·«± Œ√ªœfl¡ Œ¬ıœ√Ó¬ õ∂øӬᬱ fl¡1±1 ˘À· ˘À·˝√◊
’±1y ˝√√˚˛ ¬Û“±‰¬øÚœ˚˛± ≈√À·«±»¸ª1º ¯∏ᬜ ¬Û”Ê√±1 ø√Ú± Œ¬ı˘1
Ó¬˘Ó¬ fl¡ä±1y fl¡ø1 Œ√ªœfl¡ ’±ª±˝√√Ú fl¡À1º ¸øg˚˛± Œ√ªœfl¡
Œ¬ı±ÒÚ fl¡ø1 ’øÒ¬ı±¸ fl¡1± ˝√√˚˛º ≈√·«± Œ√ªœ1 √˙ˆ”¬Ê√± ˜”øÓ¬«fl¡
Œ¬ÛÀG˘ ¸±øÊ√ Ó¬±1 Ó¬˘Ó¬ õ∂øӬᬱ fl¡ø1 ¬Û“±‰¬ ø√Ú √˙˜œÕ˘Àfl¡
1±Ê√Uª±ˆ¬±Àª ¬Û”Ê√±1 ’Úμ Î◊¬26ª fl¡À1º Î◊¬M√√ 1 ˆ¬±1Ó¬Ó¬ ¯∏ᬜ1
ø√Ú± ˜±Ó¬± fl¡±Ó¬…±˚˛Úœ 1+À¬Û ≈√·«± ¬Û”Ê√Ú ˝√√˚˛º fl¡±Ó¬…±˚˛Úœ Œ√ªœfl¡
Œ√ªÓ¬±¸fl¡À˘ ˙øMê õ∂√±Ú fl¡ø1øÂ√˘, ˚±1 X±1± ’¸≈1 ˙øMê1
Œ˙¯∏ ’¸≈1 ˜ø˝√√¯∏±¸≈1fl¡ ¬ıÒ fl¡1± Δ˝√√øÂ√˘º Œ√ªœ1 ¬ı±˝√√Ú ø¸—˝√√º
Œ√ªœ ø¸—˝√√1 ›¬Û1Ó¬ ‰¬˜»fl¡±1œ ’±1n∏ ˚≈X—À√˝√ œ 1+¬ÛÓ¬
ø¬ı1±Ê√˜±Ú Δ˝√√ Ô±Àfl¡º fl¡±Ó¬…±˚˛Úœ Œ√ªœ1 ¤‡Ú ˝√√±Ó¬Ó¬ Ó¬À1±ª±˘
’±Ú‡Ú ˝√√±Ó¬Ó¬ ¬Û≈√˜ Ù≈¬˘ Ô±Àfl¡º ’±Ú≈√‡Ú ˝√√±Ó¬ ’±˙œ¬ı«±√
˜≈^±Ó¬ Ô±Àfl¡º õ∂¸±√ – ¬Û±Ì-Ó¬±À˜±˘, ˜Ò≈, Ù¬˘ ø˜Í¬±˝√◊ ˝√◊Ó¬…±ø√
’±·¬ıÀϬˇ±ª± ˝√√˚˛º ¬Û”¬ı-ˆ¬±1Ó¬Ó¬ ≈√·«± Œ√ªœfl¡ ¬Û±˚˛¸, ø‡ø‰¬1œ
Œˆ¬±· Î◊¬‰¬·«± fl¡ø1 ˆ¬Mê·ÀÌ øÚÀÊ√› ¢∂˝√ Ì fl¡À1º
[7] fl¡±˘1±øS – ¸5˜œ øÓ¬øÔÓ¬ fl¡±˘1±øS Œ√ªœ1
ø¬ıÚ±˙fl¡±1œ 1+¬Û1 ¬Û”Ê√± ˝√√˚˛º ¤˝√◊ Œ√ªœ1 ¬ı±˝√√Ú ·±Òº fl¡±˘1±øS
Œ√ªœfl¡ fl¡±˘œ, ˜˝√√±fl¡±˘œ, ˆ¬^fl¡±˘œ, Δˆ¬1ªœ, 1n∏^±Ìœ, ‰¬±˜≈G±,
‰¬Gœ ’±ø√ Ú±˜À1 ˜Ò…1±øÓ¬ ¬Û”Ê√± ’‰¬«Ú± fl¡1± ˝√√˚˛º fl¡±˘1±øS
øSÚ˚˛Ú±º øάø„√√Ó¬ ˜≈G˜±˘± Ò±1Ì fl¡ø1 Ô±Àfl¡º fl¡¬Û±˘1 øSÚ˚˛ÚÀ1
ø¬ıù´ √˙«Ú fl¡À1º ˜±Ó¬± 1±Ìœ1 Œ√˝√ 1 ¬Û1± ø¬ıÊ√≈˘œ ˙øMê ¸‘√˙
’±ˆ¬± õ∂fl¡È¬ Δ˝√√ Ô±Àfl¡º ¬ı±›“˝√±Ó¬Ó¬ Ó¬À1±ª±˘ ’±1n∏ fl¡“±È¬± ’±ÚÀȬ±
˝√√±Ó¬1 ¤‡ÚÓ¬ ¬ı1 ˜≈^±, ’±Ú‡ÀÚ ’ˆ¬˚˛ ˜≈^± ˆ¬—ø·˜±Ó¬ ’±˙œ¬ı«±√
ø√ Ô±Àfl¡º 1+¬Û ˆ¬˚˛±ª˝√√ ˝√í√À˘› fl¡±˘1±øS Œ√ªœ ¸≈‡ Ù¬˘√±ø˚˛Úœº
˜±Ó¬±1 ¬Û”Ê√±˝√◊ ˙Sn∏ Ú±˙, Ê√˘ˆ¬˚˛, ’ø¢ü ˆ¬˚˛, ¢∂˝√ Œ√±¯∏ Ú±˙
fl¡À1, ˆ”¬Ó¬-Œõ∂Ó¬ ’±ø√1 ¬Û1± ¬ı‰¬±˚˛º õ∂¸±√ – Ù¬˘ ø˜Í¬±˝√◊
Ó¬±À˜±˘-¬Û±Ì ’±ø√ ’¬Û«Ì fl¡ø1 ˆ¬Mê·ÀÌ ’±Ò…±øRfl¡Ó¬±À1
ˆ¬øMê¸˝√√fl¡±À1 ’±˙œ¬ı«±√ ø¬ı‰¬±À1º ¸5˜œ øÓ¬øÔÓ¬ Úª¬ÛøSfl¡±
¶ö±¬ÛÚ fl¡1± ˝√√˚˛ ’±1n∏ ’?ø˘ ø√ døÓ¬ fl¡1± ˝√√˚˛º 1±øÓ¬Õ˘
’Ò«1±øS ¬Û”Ê√± ˝√√˚˛º ˜±fl¡ ¬Û±˚˛¸ ’±1n∏ ø‡ø‰¬1œ Œˆ¬±· Î◊¬‰¬·«±
fl¡ø1 ˆ¬Mê¸fl¡À˘ õ∂¸±√ ¢∂˝√Ì fl¡À1º
[8] ˜˝√√±À·Ã1œ – ’©Ü˜œ øÓ¬øÔÓ¬ ≈√·«± Œ√ªœfl¡ ˜˝√√±À·Ã1œ
1+À¬Û Î◊¬¬Û±¸Ú± fl¡1± ˝√√˚˛º ˆ¬·ª±ÀÚ Œ√ªœfl¡ Œ·Ã1¬ıÌ«± ˝√í√¬ıÕ˘
¬ı1 ø√øÂ√˘ ¬ı±À¬ı Œ√ªœ1 1„√√ Œù´Ó¬¬ıÌ«±º ¤˝√◊ 1+¬Û ’øÓ¬ ˜ÀÚ±À˜±˝√√±º
˜˝√√±À·Ã1œ Œ√ªœÀ˚˛ ¬ı·± ¬ı¶a1 ˘·ÀÓ¬ Œù´Ó¬ ’±ˆ”¬¯∏Ì ø¬Ûøg
Ô±Àfl¡º Œ√ªœ1 ‰¬±ø1‡Ú ˝√√±Ó¬º ›¬Û11 ˝√√±Ó¬ ’ˆ¬˚˛ ˜≈^± ˆ¬—·œÓ¬
Ô±Àfl¡º ’±Ú ≈√‡Ú ˝√√±Ó¬Ó¬ øS˙”˘ ’±1n∏ ά•§1n∏ ’Ú… ˝√√±Ó¬‡ÚÀ1
¬ı1 ˜≈^± ˆ¬—·œÓ¬ ’±˙œ¬ı«±√ fl¡ø1 Ô±Àfl¡º ≈√·«± Œ√ªœ1 ¤˝√◊ 1+¬Û
¬ı1 ˙±ôL ’±1n∏ Œ¸Ã˜…º Œ√ªœ1 ¬ı±˝√√Ú ¬ı‘¯∏ˆ¬º õ∂¸±√ – Ó¬±À˜±˘-
¬Û±Ì, ø˜Í¬±˝√◊-¬Û±˚˛¸º ˜±Ó¬±1 ¤˝√◊ 1+À¬Û ¸Ó¬…1 ¬ÛÔ Œ√‡≈ª±˝√◊
¬Û±¬Û Ú±˙ fl¡ø1 ’ˆ¬˚˛ ¸≈‡ õ∂√±Ú fl¡À1º ¬Û”¬ı-ˆ¬±1Ó¬Ó¬ ’©Ü˜œ1
ø√Ú± fl¡≈˜±1œ ¬Û”Ê√± fl¡1±1 ø¬ıøÒ ’±ÀÂ√º ’©Ü˜œ ¬Û”Ê√±Ó¬ Œ√ªœfl¡
˜˝√√± ¶ß±Ú fl¡1±˝◊√ ¬Û”Ê√± ’±1y ˝√√˚˛º ¬Û”¬ı-ˆ¬±1Ó¬Ó¬ Œfl¡±ÀÚ± ͬ±˝√◊Ó¬
¬ıø˘ ø¬ıÒ±Ú ø¬ıøÒ1 õ∂‰¬˘Ú ’±ÀÂ√º ¬Û±1, ˝√√“±˝√√, Â√±·˘œ, ˜í˝
˝√◊Ó¬…±ø√ ¬ıø˘ ¶§1+À¬Û Œ√ªœÕ˘ Î◊¬‰¬«·± fl¡À1º ¬ıU ͬ±˝√◊Ó¬ fl¡˘,
fl¡≈“ø˝√√˚˛±1, Œfl¡±À˜±1± ’±ø√ ¬ıø˘ ø√À˚˛º Œ˙¯∏Ó¬ ’©Ü˜œ, Úª˜œ1
¸øgé¬ÌÓ¬ ¸øg¬Û”Ê√± ˝√√˚˛º
[9] ø¸øX√±Sœ – Úª˜œ øÓ¬øÔÓ¬ ≈√·«øÓ¬Ú±ø˙Úœ ≈√·«± Œ√ªœfl¡
ø¸øX√±Sœ 1+¬ÛÓ¬ Î◊¬¬Û±¸Ú± fl¡1± ˝√√˚˛º ø¸øX√±Sœ Œ√ªœ1 ‰¬±ø1‡Ú
˝√√±Ó¬º Œ¸“±˝√√±Ó¬Ó¬ ‰¬Sê ’±1n∏ ·√±º ¬ı“±›˝√√±Ó¬Ó¬ ˙—‡ ’±1n∏ ¬Û≈√˜
Ù≈¬˘ ø¬ı1øÊ√Ó¬º Œ√ªœ1 ¬ı±˝√√Ú ø¸—˝√√º ¬Û”1±Ì1 ˜ÀÓ¬ ø˙ª ˆ¬·ª±ÀÚ
Œ√ªœ1 ’Ú≈¢∂˝√ Ó¬ ’±Í¬ ø¸øX ˘±ˆ¬ fl¡ø1øÂ√˘ñ ˜ø˝√√˜±, ˙±øôL,
’øÚ˜±, ·ø1˜±, ˘ø鬘± ˝√◊Ó¬…±øº ˜±1 ¤˝√◊ 1+¬Û ¸≈‡√±ø˚˛Úœº
ø¸øX√±Sœ Œ√ªœ1 ’±1±ÒÚ± fl¡ø1À˘ Œ√ªœÀ˚˛ ø¸øX õ∂√±Ú fl¡ø1
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’±g±1 ’“±Ó¬1±˝√◊ Œ¬Û±˝√√11 ≈√ª±1 ‡≈ø˘ ø√À˚˛º õ∂¸±√ – Ó¬±À˜±˘-
¬Û±Ì Ù¬˘, ø˜Í¬±˝√◊, fl¡˘º ¬Û±˚˛¸ ’±1n∏ ø‡ø‰¬ø1 Œˆ¬±· Î◊¬‰¬·«± fl¡ø1
ˆ¬Mê·ÀÌ ’±ÚμÀ1 õ∂¸±√ ¢∂˝√Ì fl¡À1º Î◊¬M√√1 ˆ¬±1Ó¬Ó¬ Úª1±øS1
’øôL˜ ø√Ú± Ú-·1±fl¡œ fl¡≈˜±1œ fl¡Ú…±fl¡ ‚À1 ‚À1 øÚ˜LaÌ fl¡ø1
Œ√ªœ1 Ú-1+¬Û ˜±øÚ ¬Û”Ê√Ú fl¡ø1 Œˆ¬±Ê√Ú fl¡1±˝√◊ ¬ı¶a ’±1n∏
ø˜Í¬±˝√◊ √±Ú fl¡1±1 ø¬ıÒ±Ú ’±ÀÂ√º ¬Û”¬ı-ˆ¬±1Ó¬Ó¬ √˙ˆ≈¬Ê√± ≈√·«±
Œ√ªœ1 Œ¬ÛÀG˘Ó¬ fl≈¡˜±1œ ¬Û”Ê√Ú fl¡1± ˝√√˚˛º Úª˜œ øÓ¬øÔ1 ¬Û”Ê√±Ó¬
Œ˝√√±˜ ˚: fl¡ø1 ’ôLÓ¬ fl¡≈˜±1œ ¬Û”Ê√± fl¡1± ˝√√˚˛º ’¸˜Ó¬ õ∂øÓ¬ø√ÀÚ
˜ø˝√√¯∏±¸≈11 ˚≈X1 ¬ıÌ«Ú±À1 Œ·±¸±Úœ Ú±˜ Œ·±ª± Œ√‡± ˚±˚˛º
Î◊¬M√√ 1 ˆ¬±1Ó¬1 ø√~œ ’±ø√Ó¬ √˙˜œ1 ø√Ú± 1±˜‰¬f˝√◊
1±ªÌ1 ›¬Û1Ó¬ ø¬ıÊ√˚˛ õ∂±5 fl¡1±1 ’±ÚμÓ¬ 1±˜ ˘œ˘±, 1±ªÌ¬ıÒ
’±ø√1 ’±À˚˛±Ê√Ú fl¡À1º &Ê√1±È¬Ó¬ õ∂øÓ¬ø√ÀÚ ·1ˆ¬± √±øG˚˛±
Ú‘Ó¬… õ∂√«˙Ú fl¡À1º ’¸˜Ó¬ √˙˜œ øÓ¬øÔÓ¬ Œ√ªœfl¡ Œ¸μ”1 √±Ú
fl¡ø1 ø¬ı¸∏Ê√Ú« ø√ ’¬Û1±øÊ√Ó¬± ¬Û”Ê√± fl¡1± ˝√√˚º˛ ¤ÀÚ√À1 ˆ¬±1Ó¬¬ı¯∏1«
ø¬ıøˆ¬iß õ∂À√˙Ó¬ ø¬ıøˆ¬iß ø¬ıøÒ-ø¬ıÒ±ÚÀ1 ˝√√¯∏«-Î◊¬~±¸À1 ’±ø√ ˙øMê
≈√·«± ≈√·«øÓ¬Ú±ø˙Úœ1 ¬Û”Ê√± ’±1n∏ Úª1±øS ¬Û±˘Ú fl¡1± ˝√√˚˛º ›“˜
|œ|œ≈√·«± Œ√¬ı… Ú˜–////
 øÚ¬ıg¸˜”˝√

|X±‚«… – õ∂Ù≈¬~ ˜˝√√ôL

¸?œÓ¬ fl¡≈˜±1 ¬ı1√Õ˘, Œ˚±1˝√√±È¬
ŒÙ¬±Ú Ú— – 9854604366

’¸˜1 ¤·1±fl¡œ ø¬ıø˙©Ü ¸˜±Ê√ø¬ı:±Úœ, Œ˘‡fl¡, ·À¬ı¯∏fl¡
ά. õ∂Ù≈¬~ ˜˝√√ôL˝√◊ Œ˚±ª± 2 Œ‰¬À5•§1Ó¬ ˝√◊˝√˘œ˘± ¸•§1Ì fl¡ø1À˘º
˜‘Ó≈¬…1 ’±·˜≈˝√”Ó¬«Õ˘Àfl¡ Ó¬œ¬ıË ˙±1œø1fl¡ ˚La̱1 ˜±Ê√ÀÓ¬± ¤˝√◊
’¸±Ò±1Ì ˜±Ú≈˝√Ê√ÀÚ fl¡©Ü¸±ÒÚÓ¬ ¬ıÓ¬«œ ’±øÂ√˘º Úœ1ª ¸±ÒÚ±À1
ŒÓ¬›“ Ê√œªÚÀȬ± ˜˝√√œ˚˛±Ú fl¡ø1 Ó≈¬ø˘À˘º Ê√ÚÊ√œªÚfl¡ ŒÓ¬›“1
·Àª¯∏̱˘t ¢∂Lö¸˜≈˝√1 ¡Z±1± ¸˜‘X fl¡ø1 ·í˘º ŒÓ¬›“1 Úù´1
Œ√˝√ÀȬ±Àfl¡± ŒÓ¬›“1 ˝√◊26± ’Ú≈¸ø1 ˝√◊À˘±1± ø¬ı:±Ú ¸ø˜øÓ¬fl¡ √±Ú
fl¡ø1À˘º ¤ÀÚ ¤·1±fl¡œ Úœ1ª ¸±Òfl¡1 õ∂¶ö±Ú ’±˜±1 ¬ı±À¬ı ¤fl¡
¬ı‘˝√» é¬øÓ¬º ¸˜¢∂ Ê√œªÚ Úœ1À¬ı fl¡©Ü¸±ÒÚ±1 ¬ı±À¬ı Î◊¬‰¬·«± fl¡1±
Œ˘±fl¡ ‡≈À¬ı˝√◊ ø¬ı1˘ ¬ı≈ø˘ fl¡í¬ı ¬Û±ø1º ’˙œøÓ¬¬Û1 ˜±Ú≈˝√Ê√ÀÚ
ø¬ı·Ó¬ Œfl¡˝√◊Ȭ±˜±Ú ¬ıÂ√1 Òø1 ≈√1±À1±·… Œ1±·Ó¬ ˆ≈¬ø· ’±øÂ√˘º
&ª±˝√√±È¬œ1 Œˆ¬È¬±¬Û±1±Ó¬ ’ªø¶öÓ¬ ŒÓ¬›“1 ¬ı±¸ˆ¬ªÚÕ˘ Δ·
Œ√ø‡øÂ√À˘± ˜±Ú≈˝√Ê√ÀÚ ˙±1œø1fl¡ ˚La̱fl¡ ŒÚά◊‰¬± ø√›“ ¬ı±Ó¬ø1
fl¡±fl¡Ó¬1 ¬ı±À¬ı ø˘ø‡ ’±ÀÂ√º ’Ò…˚˛Ú fl¡ø1ÀÂ√º Ó¬±1 ˜±Ê√ÀÓ¬

17
’±˜±1 √À1 ¬ıUÊ√Ú1 Œ˘‡± ¬ı±Ó¬ø1 fl¡±fl¡Ó¬Ó¬ ¬ÛøϬˇ ˆ¬±˘ ¬Û±˝√◊ÀÂ√
¬ı≈ø˘ ŒÙ¬±Ú fl¡ø1 Î◊¬»¸±ø˝√√Ó¬ fl¡ø1ÀÂ√º ˜≈À‡À1 Œfl¡øÓ¬˚˛±¬ı± 1Mêé¬1Ì
˝√√˚˛º ŒÓ¬ÀÚ ˜≈UÓ¬«ÀÓ¬± ·±1n∏ÀȬ±Ó¬ Œˆ¬Ê√± ø√ ŒÓ¬›“ ø˘ø‡ ’±ÀÂ√º
˜‘Ó≈¬…1 Œfl¡˝√◊Ȭ±˜±Ú ø√Ú1 ’±·˜≈˝√”Ó¬«Ó¬ ŒÓ¬›“ ˙—fl¡1À√ª1 ø¬ı¯∏À˚˛
¤‡Ú ¢∂Lö ø˘ø‡ Œ˙¯∏ fl¡ø1øÂ√˘ ’±1n∏ Œ¸˝√◊‡Ú õ∂fl¡±˙ Δ˝√√øÂ√˘º
1941 ‰¬ÚÓ¬ õ∂Ù≈¬~ ˜˝√√ôL1 Ê√ij ¢∂˝√Ú fl¡1± õ∂Ù≈¬~ ˜˝√√ôL1
Œfl¡±ÀÚ± ·Î¬Ù¬±Î¬±1 Ú±øÂ√˘º øÚÊ√fl¡ øÓ¬˘ øÓ¬˘Õfl¡ ·øϬˇ ŒÓ¬±˘±
ŒÓ¬›“ ’±é¬ø1fl¡ ’Ô«ÀÓ¬ ¤·1±fl¡œ 'self made' ¬ı…øMêº ¸±Ó¬
¬ıÂ√1 ¬ı˚˛¸1 ¬Û1± ŒÓ¬›“ ¬ÛÔ±1Ó¬ fl¡±˜ fl¡ø1¬ı ˘·± Δ˝√√øÂ√˘º fl¡˘,
¬ı±1œ1 ˙±fl¡¬Û±‰¬ø˘ ¸±5±ø˝√√fl¡ ¬ıÊ√±1Ó¬ ø¬ıSêœ fl¡ø1 ‡±˝√◊ Δ¬ı Ôfl¡±1
Î◊¬¬Ûø1› øÚÊ√1 ¬ÛϬˇ±-qÚ±1 ¬ı…ª¶ö± fl¡ø1¬ı ˘·± Δ˝√√øÂ√˘º ’©Ü˜
Œ|̜Ӭ ¬ÛøϬˇ Ô±Àfl¡±ÀÓ¬˝√◊ ŒÓ¬›“ ø¬ÛÓ‘¬˝√√±1± Δ˝√√øÂ√˘º Ú·“±ª1 Ê√±Ê√ø1
¬ı·ø1&ø11 ø˚ ’=˘Ó¬ ŒÓ¬›“ ˘í1±ø˘1 ø√ÚÀ¬ı±1 ’øÓ¬¬ı±ø˝√√Ó¬
fl¡ø1øÂ√˘ Ó¬±Ó¬ ˘±˘≈—, Δfl¡ªM√√«, ˝√√œ1± ¸•x√±˚˛1 Œ˘±fl¡ ˚ÀÔ©Ü
’±øÂ√˘º¬ ÛÔ±1Ó¬ fl¡±˜ fl¡ø1 ’˝√√±-Œ˚±ª± fl¡1±1 ¸˜˚˛Ó¬ ˘±˘≈—
ŒÂ√±ª±˘œ ˝√√ÀÓ¬ ’±ÀÚ ˚±ÀÓ¬ ŒÚÀ√À‡ Ó¬±1 õ∂øÓ¬ ˘é¬… 1±ø‡
¬ı≈fl¡≈1 Œ˜ÔÚœ‡Ú ’±1À¬ı1 fl¡ø1 ˜1˜ÀÓ¬ ø˙q 댷±¸±˝√◊
Œ¬Û±ª±ø˘ífl¡ ˆ¬±¬ÛÓ¬ ø√˚˛± ø¬Ûͬ± ‡±¬ıÕ˘ ø√øÂ√˘º ø¸˝√√ÀÓ¬
ŒÒ˜±ø˘ÀÓ¬ Œ˝√√ÀÚ± ŒÊ√±fl¡±˝√◊øÂ√˘ñ 댷±¸±˝√◊ Œ¬Û±ª±˘œ1 Ê√±Ó¬
·í˘í/ ø¬ÛÂ√ ˜≈˝√”Ó¬«ÀÓ¬ ’±Àfl¡Ã ·±À˘ ˜≈À‡ ˜1˜1 ˝√√±Ó¬ ¬ı≈˘±˝√◊ ø√
fl¡˚˛ø˝√√ ñìfl¡±Àfl¡± Úfl¡ø¬ı Œ√˝√◊, ’±ø˜› Úfl¡›“, Œ¸±Úfl¡±À˘ ‚1Õ˘
˚±ø¬ı Œ√˝√◊ííº ’fl¡‘øS˜ ˜1˜1 ‰¬˝√√± ¢∂±˜… Ê√œªÚ1 ¤˝√◊ Â√ø¬ı
Œ¬ı±1fl¡Õ˘ õ∂Ù≈¬~ ˜˝√√ôL˝√◊ 댸±Ú±˝√◊1 Œ¸“±Ó¬í Ú±˜1 Î◊¬¬ÛÚ…±¸‡Ú
ø˘ø‡øÂ√˘º ¤˝√◊√À1 ’ˆ¬±À¬ı Ê√≈1n∏˘± fl¡1± ¬ı±À¬ı ¬ÛÀ√ ¬ÛÀ√ ø˙鬱1
Œé¬SÓ¬ ŒÓ¬›“ ¬ı±Ò± ¬Û±˝√ø◊ Â√˘ ˚ø√› Ô˜øfl¡ Œ1±ª± Ú±øÂ√˘º õ∂±˝√À◊ ˆ¬È¬
Δfl¡ ’±˝√◊ ¤,ø¬ı, ¤,¤˜ ¤ fl¡ø1 ά. ˝√√œÀ1Ì Œ·±˝√√“±˝√◊1 Ó¬N±ªÒ±ÚÓ¬
1987 ‰¬ÚÓ¬ õ∂Ù≈¬~ ˜˝√√ôL˝√◊ ø¬Û ¤˝√◊‰¬ øά ˘±ˆ¬ fl¡ø1¬ıÕ˘ ¸é¬˜
˝√√˚˛º Ó¬±1 ¬Û±‰¬Ó¬ ø¬ıøˆ¬iß Í¬±˝√◊Ó¬ ŒÓ¬›“ ø˙é¬fl¡Ó¬± fl¡ø1 ‰¬±fl¡ø1
Ê√œªÚ1 ¬Û1± ’ª¸1 ¢∂˝√Ú fl¡À1º ά. ˜˝√√ôLÀ√¬ı1 Δ˙øé¬fl¡,
Êœøªfl¡± Ó¬Ô± Œ¬ıÃøXfl¡ Ê√œªÚ1 Œé¬SÓ¬ ø¬ıøˆ¬iß õ∂fl¡±À1 ά.
˝√√œÀ1Ì Œ·±˝√√“±˝√◊À˚˛ fl¡1± ¸˝√√±˚˛ ¸˝√√À˚±·1 fl¡Ô± ŒÓ¬›“ fl¡‘Ó¬:Ó¬±À1
ø¬ıøˆ¬iß õ∂¸—·Ó¬ Î◊¬À~‡ fl¡ø1ÀÂ√º ά. õ∂Ù≈¬~ ˜˝√√ôL˝√◊ ˝√◊øÓ¬˜ÀÒ…
¤fl¡ άÊ√ÚÀ1± ’øÒfl¡ &1n∏Q¬Û”Ì« ¢∂Lö ø˘ø‡ Î◊¬ø˘˚˛±˝√◊ÀÂ√º Œ¸˝√◊
¸˜≈˝√1 øˆ¬Ó¬1Ó¬ Œ|ᬠ·Àª¯∏̱˜≈˘fl¡ ¢∂Lö‡Ú Δ˝√√ÀÂ√ñ ì’¸˜œ˚˛±
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˜Ò…ø¬ıM√√ Œ|Ìœ1 ˝√◊øÓ¬˝√√±¸ííº ¤˝√◊‡Ú ’¸˜1 Ê√ÚÊ√œªÚ1 ¤fl¡
’é¬˚˛ fl‘¡Ó¬œ ¬ı≈ø˘¬ı ¬Û±ø1, ˘·ÀÓ¬ ŒÓ¬›“1 Ê√œªÚ1 ˜±©Ü±1ø¬ÛÂ√
¬ı≈ø˘ fl¡í¬ı ¬Û±ø1º ¢∂Lö‡Ú1 õ∂øÓ¬ÀȬ± ¬Û‘ᬱÀÓ¬ Œ˘‡fl¡1 ·ˆ¬œ1
’Ò…˚˛Ú, ø‰¬ôL± Î◊¬À^fl¡fl¡±1œ ø¬ıÀù≠¯∏Ì ’±1n∏ ·Í¬Ú˜≈˘fl¡ ˜ÚÚ1
fl¡Ô± õ∂øÓ¬Ù¬ø˘Ó¬ Δ˝√√ÀÂ√º ¤ÀÚ ¢∂Lö ’¸˜œ˚˛± ˆ¬±¯∏±Ó¬ ø¬ı1˘ ¬ı≈ø˘
fl¡íÀ˘ øÚ(˚˛ ¬ıϬˇ±˝√◊ Œfl¡±ª± Ú˝√√í¬ıº ¤˝√◊ ¢∂Lö1 Î◊¬¬Ûø1› ŒÓ¬›“1
ëÊ√ Ú À·±á¬œ·Ó¬ ‰¬Ó¬Ú±– ’±Rõ∂øӬᬱ1 õ∂ùüí, ë’¸˜œ˚˛ ±
Ê√±Ó¬œ˚˛Ó¬±¬ı±√1 Î◊¬»¸ õ∂¸—·í, ëÊ√ÚÊ√±Ó¬œ˚˛ ¶§±øÒfl¡±1 ’±Àμ±˘Ú
’±1n∏ ¬ıÀάˇ± Ê√±øÓ¬ ¸M√√±í ’±ø√ ’Ú…Ó¬˜ ¢∂Löº ά. õ∂Ù≈¬~ ˜˝√√ôL1
’Ò…˚˛Ú Ó¬Ô± ‰¬‰¬«±1 Œé¬S‡Ú Δ˝√√ÀÂ√-¸1n∏ ¬ı1 Ê√±øÓ¬-Ê√ÚÊ√±øÓ¬
ø˜ø˘ ·øϬˇ Î◊¬Í¬± ¬ı‘˝√M√ 1 Ê√±øÓ¬ÀȬ±1 ·øÓ¬ õ∂fl¡‘øÓ¬1 ’Ò…˚˛Úº ŒÓ¬›“1
õ∂±˚˛ ¸fl¡À˘± ¢∂Lö1 õ∂Ò±Ú õ∂øÓ¬¬Û±√… ø¬ı¯∏˚˛ Œ¸˝√◊ÀȬ±Àª˝√◊º
ά. õ∂Ù≈ ¬ ~ ˜˝√ √ ô L˝√ ◊ Î◊ ¬ Úø¬ı—˙ ˙øÓ¬fl¡±Ó¬ ¬ı‘ ø ȬÂ√ 1
¬Û√À˘˝√√Úfl¡±1œ ’¸˜œ˚˛± ø˙øé¬Ó¬ ¤‰¬±˜ ¬ıÚ«ø˝√√μ≈ ˜Ò…ø¬ıM√√ 1
ˆ≈¬ø˜fl¡±fl¡ fl¡Àͬ±1 ˆ¬±À¬ı ¸˜±À˘±‰¬Ú± fl¡ø1ÀÂ√º Œ¸˝√◊‰¬±˜1 ¡Z±1±˝√◊
·øϬˇ Î◊¬Í¬± ’¸˜œ˚˛± Ê√±øÓ¬·Í¬Ú ¬ÛøSê˚˛±ÀȬ±Ó¬ Ôfl¡± Œfl¡À1±ÌÀ¬ı±1
ŒÓ¬›“ øÚÊ√± ‘√ø©Üˆ¬—·œÀ1 ø¬ıÀù≠¯∏Ì fl¡ø1 Î◊¬√„√±˝√◊ Œ√‡≈ª±˝√◊ÀÂ√º
Œfl¡±ÀÚ± Œfl¡±ÀÚ± Œé¬SÓ¬ øfl¡ø=Ó¬ ø¡Z˜Ó¬ Ô±øfl¡À˘› ¸±˜ø¢∂fl¡ˆ¬±Àª
ŒÓ¬›“1 ·Àª¯∏̱˘t ’¸˜œ˚˛± ˜Ò…ø¬ıM√√ Œ|Ìœ1 ˝√◊øÓ¬˝√√±¸fl¡
’¶§œfl¡±1 fl¡1± Ȭ±Úº ’¸˜1 Ê√±Ó¬œ˚˛Ê√œªÚfl¡ Ê√Ú±¬ı≈Ê√±1 ’±¢∂˝√
Ôfl¡± ¸fl¡À˘ ά. õ∂Ù≈¬~ ˜˝√√ôL1 ˜±©Ü±1ø¬ÛÂ√ ì’¸˜œ˚˛± ˜Ò…ø¬ıM√√
Œ|Ìœ1 ˝√◊øÓ¬˝√√±¸íí ¢∂Lö‡Ú ¬ÛϬˇ± Î◊¬ø‰¬Ó¬º
ά. õ∂Ù≈¬~ ˜˝√√ôL ¤·1±fl¡œ ¶§±øˆ¬˜±Úœ Œ˘±fl¡ ’±øÂ√˘º Œfl¡±ÀÚ±
ø√ÀÚ ŒÓ¬›“ Œfl¡±ÀÚ± Œé¬SÓ¬ ’±À¬Û±‰¬ fl¡1± Ú±øÂ√˘º Ê√œªÚ1 fl¡øͬÚ
¸˜˚˛ÀÓ¬± ŒÓ¬›“ fl¡±À1± ’Ú≈¢∂˝√ ø¬ı‰¬1± Ú±øÂ√˘º ˜˝√√±ø¬ı√…±˘˚˛1
’Ò…±¬Ûfl¡ ø˝√√‰¬±À¬Û ’ª¸1 ¢∂˝√Ì fl¡ø1› ˜±Ú≈˝√Ê√ÀÚ õ∂±¬Û… Œ¬Û=Ú1
¬Û1± ¬ıø=Ó¬ Δ˝√√øÂ√˘º ŒÓ¬›“1 ø‰¬øfl¡»¸±1 ¬ı±À¬ı ¬Ûø1˚˛±˘øȬ
’¸≈ø¬ıÒ±Ó¬ ¬Ûø1øÂ√˘º ŒÓ¬›“1 &̘≈* ø˝√√‰¬±À¬Û ’±ø˜ ¬ıUÊ√ÀÚ
¬ı±Ó¬ø1fl¡±fl¡Ó¬, ¸±˜±øÊ√fl¡ ˜±Ò…˜Ó¬ ¤fl¡ Ê√Ú˜Ó¬ ¸‘ø©Ü fl¡ø1øÂ√À˘“±
’±1n∏ Ó¬±1 õ∂øÓ¬ ¸ij±Ú Ê√Ú±˝√◊ ’¸˜ ‰¬1fl¡±À1 ŒÓ¬À‡Ó¬1 ø‰¬øfl¡»¸±1
¬ı…ª¶ö± fl¡ø1øÂ√˘ ˚ø√› ˝√◊øÓ¬˜ÀÒ… øÚ˚˛øÓ¬À˚˛ ŒÓ¬›“1 ¬ı±À¬ı ˜‘Ó≈¬…1
ø√Ú Ò±˚« fl¡ø1øÂ√˘º ά. õ∂Ù≈¬~ ˜˝√√ôL Â√±1fl¡ ’±ø˜ fl¡±ø˚˛fl¡ ˆ¬±À¬ı
Œ˝√√1n∏ª±À˘± øfl¡c ŒÓ¬›“1 ’¸±Ò±1Ì ¸‘‘ø©Ü fl¡˜« ’±1n∏ ˜˝√√» Ê√œªÚ
¬ıœé¬± ’±˜±1 ¬ı±À¬ı ¸√±˚˛ ’Ú≈Àõ∂1̱ Δ˝√√ Ô±øfl¡¬ıº
’¸˜Ó¬ Î◊¬À√…±·, ¬Û˚«È¬Ú1 ¸y±ªÚœ˚˛Ó¬±,
õ∂ª±¸œ ’¸˜œ˚˛±1 fl¡1Ìœ˚˛
˙…±˜fl¡±Ú≈ ˜˝√√ôL, &ª±˝√√±È¬œ
ŒÙ¬±Ú Ú— – 9954714240

Œ¬ı—·±˘≈1n∏1 ’¸˜ ¤‰¬øÂ√À˚˛Â√ÀÚ ≈√·«± ¬Û”Ê√±1 ¤˝√◊ ¬ÛøªS
é¬ÌÓ¬ õ∂fl¡±˙ fl¡ø1¬ı Œ‡±Ê√± ’±À˘±‰¬Úœ‡ÚÓ¬ Œ˜±fl¡ ’¸˜Ó¬
¬Û˚«È¬Ú ¬ı± Î◊¬À√…±· ˝√◊Ó¬…±ø√1 ¸y±ªÚœ˚˛Ó¬± ¸•ÛÀfl¡« ¤øȬ õ∂ªg
ø˘ø‡¬ıÕ˘ ’Ú≈À1±Ò Ê√ÀÚ±ª±1 ¬ı±À¬ı ’±À˚˛±Ê√fl¡ ¸ø˜È¬œÕ˘ ˜˝√◊
fl‘¡Ó¬:Ó¬± Ê√Ú±˝√◊ÀÂ√±º
ø¬ıøˆ¬iß Î◊¬À√…±·‡G1 Δ¸ÀÓ¬ õ∂Ó¬…é¬-¬ÛÀ1±é¬ ˆ¬±Àª ÊøάˇÓ¬
Δ˝√√ ’±1n∏ Œ¸˝√◊ ’øˆ¬:Ó¬±1 øˆ¬øM√√ÀÓ¬ ˆ¬±À¬ı± Œ˚ ¤˝√◊ ¬Ûø1ªøÓ¬«Ó¬
¸˜˚˛Ó¬ Œ¬ı—·±˘≈1n∏ ¬ı± Œ√˙1, ø¬ıù´1 ø¬ıøˆ¬iß ‰¬˝√√1Ó¬ ¬ı±¸ fl¡1±
õ∂ª±¸œ ’¸˜œ˚˛±¸fl¡˘1 øÚÊ√± ͬ±˝√◊‡Ú1 Î◊¬iß˚˛Ú ^n∏Ó¬·±˜œ
fl¡ø1¬ıÕ˘ fl¡ø1¬ı˘·œ˚˛± fl¡±˜ ¬ıUÓ¬ ’±ÀÂ√/ ’±˜±1 1±Ê√…‡Ú1 ¬ıU
Œ˚±·±Rfl¡ ¬Ûø1ªÓ¬«Ú ’±ø˝√√ÀÂ√º ¤˝√◊ Œõ∂鬱¬ÛȬӬ ’±øÊ√1
’±À˘±‰¬Ú±Ó¬ ’±ø˜ 1±Ê√…‡Ú1 Î◊¬À√…±·, ¬Û˚«È¬Ú1 ¸y±ªÚœ˚˛Ó¬±
Ó¬Ô± õ∂ª±¸œ¸fl¡˘1 fl¡1Ìœ˚˛ ¸•ÛÀfl¡« ’±À˘±fl¡¬Û±Ó¬ fl¡ø1˜º ˜˝√◊
˝√◊ø?øÚ˚˛±ø1— ’±1n∏ ¤˜ ø¬ı ¤ ¬Û±Â√ fl¡ø1 õ∂ÔÀ˜ ø¬ıM√√œ˚˛ ’Ú≈ᬱÚ
ŒÚάøÙ¬Ó¬ fl¡±˜ fl¡ø1øÂ√À˘±º ŒÚάøÙ¬Ó¬ ά. Ê√˚˛ôL ˜±Òª √À1
˜˝√√±Ú ’Ô«ÚœøÓ¬ø¬ı√1 Ó¬N±ªÒ±ÚÓ¬ fl¡±˜ fl¡ø1¬ıÕ˘ ¸≈ø¬ıÒ±
¬Û±˝√◊øÂ√À˘±º ¬Û±Â√Õ˘ ˜˝√◊ ¤˜ Œfl¡ ˙˜«±, ŒÊ√ ø¬Û ˙˝√◊fl¡œ˚˛±1 √À1
¸≈À˚±·… Œ¬ı—fl¡±11 Δ¸ÀÓ¬ Î◊¬À√…±·, Œ¬ı—øfl¡— ¬ı…ª¶ö±1 ’±ø√ ¬Û±Í¬

19
ø˙øfl¡øÂ√À˘±º fl¡¬Û«À1Ȭ Ê√œªÚ1 ‰¬±˘≈fl¡œ˚˛± ¸˜˚˛ÀÓ¬ ’±ø˜ Î◊¬M√√1
¬Û”¬ı1 Î◊¬À√…±·-¬ı±øÌÊ√…1 ˘·Ó¬ ÊøάˇÓ¬ Δ˝√√øÂ√À˘±º ’¸˜Ó¬
Ù¬±˝√◊ÀÚk fl¡1± ¬ıU õ∂fl¡ä1 øfl¡Â≈√˜±Ú1 ¬Û1± ˆ¬±˘ Ù¬˘ ¬Û±˝√◊øÂ√À˘±
’±1n∏ øfl¡Â≈√¸—‡…fl¡ õ∂fl¡ä ø¬ıÙ¬À˘± Δ˝√√øÂ√˘º Œ¸˝√◊ ¸˜˚˛ÀÓ¬˝√◊ Î◊¬M√√1-
¬Û”¬ı1 Î◊¬À√…±· Ê√·Ó¬1 ø¬ıøˆ¬iß õ∂Ó¬…±˝√√¬ı±Ú, ¸˜¸…±, Î◊¬À√…±·œ
¸fl¡˘1 Δ¸ÀÓ¬ Œ˜±1 ¬Ûø1‰¬˚˛ ‚ÀȬº ŒÓ¬øÓ¬˚˛± ’±˜±1 õ∂Ò±Ú
¸˜¸…± ’±øÂ√˘ ’¸˜ Ó¬Ô± Î◊¬M√√1 ¬Û”¬ı ¸•§gÓ¬ ¬ıø˝√√«ø¬ıù´1 Ò±1̱º
ø¬ıøÚÀ˚˛±·fl¡±1œÀ˚˛ ¤˝√◊ ’=˘À¬ı±1fl¡ ¸La±¸ Ê√Ê√«ø1Ó¬, ¸‚Ú±˝√◊
¬ıg ¬ı± ø˝√√—¸±Rfl¡ fl¡±˚« Œ˝√√±ª± 1±Ê√… ¬ı≈ø˘À˚˛˝√◊ ¬ıX˜”˘ Ò±1̱
·øϬˇ Ó≈¬ø˘øÂ√˘º Ù¬˘Ó¬ ø¬ıøÚÀ˚˛±·fl¡±1œ ’˝√√± Ú±øÂ√˘º 1±Ê√¸±˝√√±˚«…
˘í¬ıÕ˘ øfl¡Â≈√ Î◊¬À√…±· ’±ø˝√√øÂ√˘ ˚ø√› Œ¸˝√◊À¬ı±1 ’¸˜Ó¬ õ∂fl¡‘Ó¬
Î◊¬À√…±·1 ¬Ûø1Àª˙ ¬ı± ¸y±ªÚœ˚˛Ó¬± ø¬ı‰¬±ø1 ’˝√√± Ú±øÂ√˘º¤øÓ¬˚˛±1
’¸˜1 Î◊¬À√…±·œfl¡1Ì1 ˜Lö1 ·øÓ¬1 fl¡Ô± ’±ø˜ ¸fl¡À˘±Àª˝√◊
Ê√±ÀÚ±º ¶§±ÒœÚÓ¬±1 ’±·1 ’ø¬ıˆ¬Mê ’¸˜‡Ú ˚ÀÔᬠ¸˜‘øX˙±˘œ
’±øÂ√˘º 1951 ‰¬ÚÓ¬ ’ø¬ıˆ¬Mê ’¸˜1 ’Ô«ÚœøÓ¬ Œ√˙1
øˆ¬Ó¬1ÀÓ¬ ¬Û=˜ ¬ı‘˝√» ’Ô«ÚœøÓ¬ ’±øÂ√˘º ¶§±ÒœÚÓ¬±1 ’±·Ó¬
¬ıø˝√√«ø¬ıù´1 ˘·Ó¬ ’¸˜1 Œ¬Û±Ú¬ÛȬœ˚˛± ¸•Ûfl¡« ’±øÂ√˘º ’¸˜1
‰¬±˝√√, fl¡±Í¬, fl¡˚˛˘± ˝√◊Ó¬…±ø√ ø¬ıøˆ¬iß ¸±˜¢∂œ ¬ı‘øȬÀÂ√ ¬ı±—˘±À√˙1
ø‰¬È¬±·— ¬ıμÀ1À1 ø¬ıù´1 ø¬ıøˆ¬iß Í¬±˝√◊Õ˘ 15±øÚ Δ˝√√øÂ√˘º Œ√˙
ø¬ıˆ¬±Ê√Ú1 ¬Û±Â√Ó¬ ¬ı±—˘±À√˙ ’Ô«±» ŒÓ¬øÓ¬˚˛±1 ¬Û”¬ı ¬Û±øfl¡ô¶±Ú1
˘·Ó¬, ˆ”¬È¬±Ú1 ˘·Ó¬ 1±Ê√…‡Ú1 ¸—À˚±· ŒÚ±À˝√√±ª±1 ¬Û±Â√Ó¬
’¸˜1 ’Ô«ÚœøÓ¬ øÚ•ß·±˜œ ˝√√í˘º ’±·1 øÚ1ªø26iß ¸—À˚±·
¬ı…ª¶ö± ŒÚ±À˝√√±ª± ˝√í˘ ’±1n∏ Œ√˙ ø¬ıˆ¬±Ê√Ú1 ¬Û±Â√Ó¬ ’¸˜‡Ú
Œ˘G ˘fl¡Î¬ 1±Ê√… ˝í˘º ŒÓ¬øÓ¬˚˛±1 ¬Û”ª ¬Û±øfl¡ô¶±Ú1 ˜±ÀÊ√ø√
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¸˜˚˛Ó¬ õ∂±˚˛ 8 ø√ÚÓ¬ ‰¬±˝√√-fl¡˚˛˘± ¬Û”Ì« ¤‡Ú Ê√±˝√√±Ê√ øά¬ıËn∏·Î¬ˇ1
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Î◊¬iß˚˛Ú Œfl¡f Δ˝√√ÀÂ√º ’¸˜Ó¬ Ô±øfl¡› øfl¡Â≈√˜±Ú Œfl¡±•Û±ÚœÀ˚˛
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fl¡ø1¬ı ˘±ø·¬ıº ˜±Ê√≈˘œÓ¬ Ôfl¡±1 ˆ¬±˘ ¬Ûø1Àª˙ Δ˝√√ÀÂ√º ˜±Ê√≈˘œ1
’±Ò…±øRfl¡ ’±1n∏ ΔÚ¸ø·«fl¡ ¬Ûø1Àª˙ ’Ó≈¬˘Úœ˚˛º ’±øÊ√fl¡±ø˘
Œfl¡˝√◊¬ı±‡ÀÚ± Ê√±˝√√±Ê√ ˘≈˝√◊Ó¬1 ¬ı≈fl¡≈Ó¬ ¬Û˚«È¬fl¡ Δ˘ ‰¬˘±‰¬˘ fl¡À1º
Ú±˜øÚÓ¬ ˜±Ú±˝√√ ’ˆ¬˚˛±1Ì… ’øÓ¬˙˚˛ ’Ó≈¬˘Úœ˚˛º ’±Ú˝√√±ÀÓ¬
‰¬Sê˙œ˘±, øάõ≠±˝√◊ ø¬ı˘ ˝√◊Ó¬…±ø√ ø¬ıøˆ¬iß ¬Û˚«È¬Ú ’±fl¡¯∏«Ì ø¬ı øȬ
øÂ√Ó¬ ’±ÀÂ√º ’=˘ÀȬ±Ó¬ ’±˝√◊Ú-˙‘—‡˘± ˚ÀÔᬠˆ¬±˘ Δ˝√√ÀÂ√
’±1n∏ ¬Û˚«È¬fl¡ ’±ø˝√√¬ıÕ˘ Δ˘ÀÂ√º ÚÓ≈¬Ú ŒÚÓ‘¬Q˝√◊ ˚ÀÔᬠˆ¬±˘
fl¡±˜ ˝√√±Ó¬Ó¬ Δ˘ÀÂ√ ’±1n∏ &1n∏Q ø√ÀÂ√º Î◊¬M√√1 ’¸˜Ó¬ ¬ıUø‡øÚ
‰¬±¬ı˘·œ˚˛± ’±ÀÂ√º fl¡Ú…±fl¡±Ó¬ ¬ÛΩ ˝√√±Ê√ø1fl¡±˝√◊ ¬ı‘˝√» õ∂fl¡ä ˝√√±Ó¬Ó¬
Δ˘ÀÂ√º ’±ÚÙ¬±À˘ ’1n∏̱‰¬˘Àfl¡ Òø1 Î◊¬M√√1 ’¸˜ ŒÒ˜±Ê√œ,
˘é¬œ˜¬Û≈1, Ú±À˜1œ, ŒÓ¬Ê√¬Û≈1Õ˘ ˚ÀÔᬠ¬Û˚«È¬fl¡ ˚±¬ıÕ˘ Δ˘ÀÂ√º
Ȭ±ª±—-¬ı˜øά˘±-øά1±—-øÊ√1í-ŒÒ˜±Ê√œfl¡ Δ˘ ¤È¬± ˆ¬±˘ ‰¬±øfl¡«È¬
·øϬˇ Î◊¬øͬÀÂ√º ¬ı·œø¬ı˘ √˘— Œ˝√√±ª±1 ¬Û±Â√Ó¬ ’¸˜-À˜‚±˘˚˛-
’1n∏̱‰¬˘ ø˜ø˘ ¤È¬± ’¬Û”¬ı« ¬Û˚«È¬Ú Œfl¡f Δ˝√√ÀÂ√º Œ˜‚±˘˚˛
¤øÓ¬˚˛± ¬Û˚«È¬fl¡1 ˜”˘ ’±fl¡¯∏«Ì1 Œfl¡fº Œ¸À˚˛ Î◊¬M√√1 ¬Û”¬ıÓ¬
¬Û˚«È¬Ú1 Œé¬SÓ¬ ¬ı…±¬Ûfl¡ ¸y±ªÚ± ·øϬˇ Î◊¬øͬÀÂ√º
¤øÓ¬˚˛± ¬ı±fl¡œ Î◊¬À√…±·1 Œé¬SÀÓ¬± ¬ıUÀfl¡˝√◊‡Ú ˝√◊G±©Ü™œÀ˚˛˘
¬Û±fl¡« øÚ˜«±Ì Δ˝√√ÀÂ√º ’±·ÀÓ¬ Î◊¬À√…±· øÚ˜«±Ì1 Œé¬SÓ¬ ø¬ı≈√…»1
¸˜¸…± ’±øÂ√˘ ˚ø√› ¬ıÓ¬«˜±Ú ŒÓ¬ÀÚ ¸˜¸…± fl¡ø˜ÀÂ√º ’±øÊ√fl¡±ø˘
¢∂œÎ¬1 ¬Û1± ø¬ı≈√» ˘í¬ı ¬Û±ø1º Œ¸À˚˛ Î◊¬À√…±· fl¡1±1 ¬ı±À¬ı ˚±ªÓ¬œ˚˛
’±ôL–·“±ÔøÚ ΔÓ¬˚˛±1 Δ˝√√ÀÂ√º øfl¡c ¤øÓ¬˚˛±› fl¡ø1¬ı˘·œ˚˛± fl¡±˜
¬ıUÓ¬ ’±ÀÂ√º ’¸˜ ‰¬1fl¡±À1 Î◊¬À√…±· ·Ï¬ˇ±1 Œé¬SÓ¬ ’±·ˆ¬±·
˘í¬ı ˘±À· ˚ø√› øfl¡Â≈√ Œ‰¬©Ü± fl¡˜ Δ˝√√ÀÂ√ Œ˚Ú ¬Ûø1˘øé¬Ó¬ ˝√√˚˛º
¤˝√◊ Ò±1̱ÀȬ± ¸˘±¬ı ˘±ø·¬ıº ø¬ıøÚÀ˚˛±·fl¡±1œ ’±1n∏ ˝√◊G±©Ü™œÀ˚˛˘
¬Û±fl¡« ¬ıÀϬˇ±ª±Ó¬ ŒÊ√±1 ø√¬ı ˘±ø·¬ıº ¬Û˚«È¬Ú1 Œé¬SÓ¬ ’±È¬±˝√◊Ó¬Õfl¡
ά±„√√1 ¸˜¸…± ’±ôL–·“±ÔøÚ1 ≈√¬ı«˘Ó¬±º ¬ı…øMê·Ó¬ Ó¬Ô± ‰¬1fl¡±1œ
‡G1 ¸—À˚±Ê√ÚÓ¬ ’±ôL–·“±ÔøÚ1 ¬ıU Î◊¬iß˚Ú˛ ¸±øÒ¬ı˘·œ˚˛± ’±ÀÂ√º
‰¬1fl¡±11 ¬ıU fl¡1Ìœ˚˛ ’±ÀÂ√º ’˘¬ÛÀÓ¬ ’±ø˜ Ô±˝√◊À˘GÓ¬ ÚÔ«
˝√◊©Ü ˝√◊øG˚˛± ŒÙ¬ø©ÜÀˆ¬˘1 ’±À˚˛±Ê√Ú fl¡À1±ÀÓ¬ √øé¬Ì ¬Û”¬ı ¤øÂ√˚˛±1
1±©Ü™ Œfl¡˝√◊‡Ú1 Î◊¬M√√1 ¬Û”¬ıfl¡ Δ˘ ˚ÀÔ©Ü ’±¢∂˝√œ Œ√‡± ¬Û±À˘±º
Œfl¡˝√◊¬ı±È¬±› õ∂fl¡ä Δ˝√√ ’±ÀÂ√ ’±1n∏ ’˝√√± ≈√¬ıÂ√1Ó¬ ’¸˜ Ó¬Ô±
Î◊¬M√√1 ¬Û”¬ı1 ˘·Ó¬ √øé¬Ì ¬Û”¬ı ¤øÂ√˚˛±1 õ∂Ó¬…é¬ Œ˚±·±À˚±·
’±1y ˝√√À˘ ’¸˜ ø¬ıøÚÀ˚˛±·1 ¬ı±À¬ı ø¬ıÀ˙¯∏Õfl¡ ø¬ıù´1 ‰¬Ó≈¬Ô«
¬ı‘˝√ » ’Ô«ÚœøÓ¬ √øé¬Ì ¬Û”¬ı ¤øÂ√˚˛±1 ˜≈˘ ≈√ª±1√ø˘ ˝√í√¬ıº
Ù¬˘¶§1+À¬Û ø¬ıøÚÀ˚˛±·fl¡±1œ1 ’±¢∂˝√ ¬ıU ¬ı‘øX ¬Û±˝√◊ÀÂ√º
Î◊¬À√…±· ¬ı‘øX fl¡ø1¬ıÕ˘ ˚ÀÔᬠ¸y±ªÚœ˚˛Ó¬± ’±ÀÂ√º
’±È¬±˝√◊Ó¬Õfl¡ ˆ¬±˘ fl¡Ô± Δ˝√√ÀÂ√ ’¸˜1 1±˝√◊ÀÊ√ ¤øÓ¬˚˛± ¬ıg,
’±Àμ±˘Ú ˝√◊Ó¬…±ø√ øÚø¬ı‰¬±À1º 1±˝√◊ÀÊ√ ¬ı≈øÊ√ Î◊¬øͬÀ˘ Œ˚
’±Àμ±˘ÀÚ ’¸˜fl¡ ¤Àfl¡± øÚø√À˘º ¸˜˚˛, ¸•ÛøM√√, Ê√œªÚ
’ÔÀ˘ ·í˘º ¤øÓ¬˚˛± ˜±Ú≈˝√1 Ò±1̱ ¸˘øÚ ˝√√í˘ ’±1n∏ ¸fl¡À˘±Àª
Î◊¬iß˚˛Ú ø¬ı‰¬±À1º øfl¡c ’¸˜1 ø‡˘?œ˚˛±1 ˜±Ê√Ó¬ Î◊¬»¸ª˜≈‡œ
fl¡˜«ø¬ı˜≈‡Ó¬±1 ¸˜¸…±ÀȬ± ’±ÀÂ√º Ó¬±1 ˜±Ê√ÀÓ¬± ¬ıU ˆ¬±˘ fl¡±˜
Δ˝√√ ’±ÀÂ√º ’¸˜œ˚˛± ˘í1±˝√◊ ©Ü±È¬« ’±¬ÛÓ¬ ˆ¬±˘ fl¡ø1ÀÂ√º ˜˝√◊
ˆ¬±À¬ı± Œ˚ ’Ú±·Ó¬ ø√ÚÓ¬ ’±1n∏ ¬ıU ˆ¬±˘ fl¡±˜ ˝√√í¬ıº
õ∂ª±¸œ ’¸˜œ˚˛±¸fl¡˘1 ’¸˜1 Î◊¬iß˚˛Ú1 ¬ı±À¬ı ¬ıU √±ø˚˛Q
’±ÀÂ√º ŒÓ¬›“À˘±Àfl¡ ’¸˜ ¤È¬± ˆ¬±˘ ˆ¬±ª˜”øÓ¬« ·øϬˇ ø¬ıøˆ¬iß
˝√◊øÓ¬¬ı±‰¬fl¡ fl¡Ô± õ∂‰¬±1 fl¡ø1 ’¸˜Õ˘ ¬Û˚«È¬fl¡ ¬ÛøÔ˚˛±¬ı ¬Û±À1º
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¤˝√◊ Œé¬SÓ¬ ’±˜±1 È≈¬…1 ’¬Û±À1Ȭ1¸fl¡À˘ ¸˝√√±˚˛ fl¡ø1¬ıº ˝√◊˚˛±1
¬Û1±˝√◊ ŒÓ¬›“À˘±Àfl¡ Œ¬ı—·±˘≈1n∏ ¬ı± ø¬ıøˆ¬iß Í¬±˝√◊1 ¬Û˚«È¬fl¡1 ¬ı±À¬ı
Ôfl¡±-Œ‡±ª±1 ¬ı…ª¶ö± fl¡ø1¬ı ¬Û±À1º ¬ı±˚˛íÀȬfl¡Ú˘Ê√œ, Ó¬Ô…-õ∂˚≈øMê1
Œé¬SÓ¬ Œ¬ı—·±˘≈1n∏Ó¬ ˆ¬±˘ ˆ¬±˘ Î◊¬À√…±·œ ’±ÀÂ√º ¤˝√◊¸fl¡˘fl¡
’¸˜Ó¬ ø¬ıøÚÀ˚˛±· fl¡1±1 Œé¬SÓ¬ õ∂ª±¸œ¸fl¡À˘ Œ‰¬©Ü± fl¡ø1¬ı
¬Û±À1º ’¸˜ ‰¬1fl¡±À1› õ∂ª±¸œ¸fl¡˘1 ˘·Ó¬ øÚ˚˛˜œ˚˛±
Œ˚±·±À˚±· fl¡ø1 ¤˝√◊ Œé¬SÓ¬ ’±·ˆ¬±· ˘¬ı ¬Û±À1º
¤øÓ¬˚˛± ’¸˜Ó¬ ¤fl¡ ’Ô«ÕÚøÓ¬fl¡ ’±Àμ±˘Ú1 õ∂À˚˛±Ê√Úº
¸±—¶‘®øÓ¬fl¡ ˆ¬±Àª ’±˜±1 1±Ê√…‡Ú ˚ÀÔᬠ’±·¬ıϬˇ±º ’¸˜œ˚˛±
˜±Ú≈˝√1 ø‰¬ôL±Ò±1± Î◊¬2‰√ ‡±¬Û1º øfl¡c Ê√±øÓ¬ÀȬ± ¬ıÀ‰¬±ª±1 ¬ı±À¬ı
’Ô«ÚœøÓ¬, Î◊¬À√…±·, Ó¬Ô…-õ∂˚≈øMê, ¬Û˚«È¬Ú ¤˝√◊ Ò1Ì1 fl¡Ô±À¬ı±1Ó¬
’øÒfl¡ &1n∏Q ø√˚˛±1 ¸˜˚˛ ’±ø˝√√ ¬Ûø1ÀÂ√º ø˚À˝√√Ó≈¬ õ∂ª±¸œ
’¸˜œ˚˛ ± ¸fl¡À˘ ¬ı±ø˝√ √ 1 1 ¬Û‘ ø Ôªœ‡Ú1 Î◊ ¬ iß ˚ ˛ Ú Œ√ ø ‡ÀÂ√ º
ŒÓ¬›“À˘±fl¡1 Δ¸ÀÓ¬ ¬ıø˝√√«ø¬ıù´1 ˆ¬±˘ ¸˜i§˚˛-¸•Ûfl¡« ‚øȬÀÂ√º
¤˝√◊ ¸•Ûfl¡«1 ’±˘˜Ó¬ ¬ıUø‡øÚ ˆ¬±˘ fl¡±˜ ˝√√í¬ı ¬Û±À1º ¬Û˚«È¬Ú1
Œé¬SÓ¬ ŒÓ¬›“À˘±fl¡ ’±˜±1 Œ¬ıËG ¤À•§‰¬±√1 ˝√í¬ı ˘±À·º ¬Û˚«È¬Ú-
ø¬ıøÚÀ˚˛±·Ó¬ ˝√√±Ó¬ ’±·¬ıϬˇ±¬ı ˘±À· ’±1n∏ øÚÀÊ√› ¬ı‘øM√√ ·Ó¬
˜±Úø¸fl¡Ó¬±À1 ’±·ˆ¬±· ˘í¬ı ˘±À·º ¬ıUÀÓ¬ øÚÊ√1 1±Ê√…‡Ú1
õ∂‰¬±11 ¬ı±À¬ı ¬ıUÓ¬ fl¡±˜ fl¡À1º Ó¬±ø˜˘, ˜±˘±˚˛˘œ, Œ¬ı—·˘œ1
√À1 ’¸˜œ˚˛± 1±˝√◊ÀÊ√› fl¡±˜ fl¡ø1¬ı ˘±ø·¬ıº ˘±À˝√√ ˘±À˝√√ õ∂ª±¸œ
’¸˜œ˚˛±1 1±Ê√…‡Ú1 õ∂øÓ¬ ’ª√±Ú1 õ∂øSê˚˛± ¤È¬± ’±1y Δ˝√√ÀÂ√º
¤˚˛± ’Ú±·Ó¬ ø√ÚÓ¬ ’±1n∏ ¬ı±øϬˇ¬ı ˘±ø·¬ıº ’±˜±1 ¸fl¡À˘±À1
õ∂À‰¬©Ü±Ó¬ ’¸˜ Œ√˙1 øˆ¬Ó¬1ÀÓ¬ ¤fl¡ ’¢∂Ìœ 1±Ê√…1 Δ˝√√ Î◊¬øͬ¬ı
¬Û±À1º ¸fl¡À˘±Àfl¡ ≈√·«± ¬Û”Ê√±1 qÀˆ¬26± Ê√Ú±À˘±º
 Â√íø‰¬À˚˛˘ ø˜øά˚˛± ’±1n∏ ˝◊√øÓ¬˝√√±¸
’Ò…˚˛Ú1 õ∂À˚˛±Ê√Úœ˚˛Ó¬±
œ√¬Û±—fl¡1 fl¡ø˘Ó¬±, Ú˘¬ı±1œ
ŒÙ¬±Ú Ú— – 9864234431

Â√íø‰¬À˚˛˘ ø˜øά˚˛± ¸±•xøÓ¬fl¡ ¸˜˚˛1 Ê√ÚÊ√œªÚ1 ¤fl¡
’¬Ûø1˝√√±˚« ’—· ø˝√√‰¬±À¬Û ø¬ıÀ¬ı‰¬Ú± fl¡ø1¬ı ¬Û±ø1º ’±˜±1 ¸Ó¬ÀÓ¬
¬ıø˝√–√Ê√·Ó¬1 ˘·Ó¬ ¸—À˚±· fl¡ø1 1‡± ¸≈‰¬˘ ˜±Ò…˜ÀȬ±Àª˝◊√ ˝√√í˘
Â√íø‰¬À˚˛˘ ø˜øά˚˛±º ˚≈ªõ∂Ê√ij1 ˜±Ê√Ó¬ ˝◊√˚˛±1 õ∂ˆ¬±ª ˝◊√˜±ÀÚ˝◊√
Œ¬ıøÂ√ Œ˚ ¸•Û”Ì« ¤È¬± ø√Ú Â√íø‰¬À˚˛˘ ø˜øά˚˛±1 ¬Û1± ’“±Ó¬ø1
Ôfl¡±ÀȬ± ¤fl¡ õ∂fl¡±11 ά◊˙±˝√√-øÚ˙±˝√√ ¬ıg Δ˝√√ Œ˚±ª±1 Œ˘ø‡˚˛±
fl¡Ô±º Œ˙˝√√Ó¬œ˚˛± ø˚Àfl¡±ÀÚ± ‚Ȭڱ õ∂ª±˝√√1 ˘·Ó¬ øÚÊ√Àfl¡
¸—À˚±øÊ√Ó¬ fl¡ø1 1‡±1 ¤˚˛± ˝√√í˘ ’Ú…Ó¬˜ ˜±Ò…˜º øfl¡c Â√íø‰¬À˚˛˘
ø˜øά˚˛±1 õ∂‰¬±ø1Ó¬ ‡¬ı1 ’±1n∏ Ó¬Ô…¸˜”˝√1 ¸øͬfl¡ ø¬ıÀù≠¯∏Ì1
õ∂À˚˛±Ê√Ú ’±ÀÂ√º Œ¬ıøÂ√ˆ¬±· ¸˜˚˛ÀÓ¬ ˝◊√˚˛±1 Ó¬Ô… ’±1n∏ ‡¬ı1¸˜”˝√

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ά◊ÀV˙… õ∂À̱ø√Ó¬ ˆ¬±Àª ø¬ıfl‘¡Ó¬1+¬ÛÓ¬ ά◊¬Û¶ö±¬ÛÚ fl¡1± ˝√√˚˛º
Œ¬ıøÂ√ˆ¬±À· ¤˝◊√ø¬ı˘±fl¡ Ó¬Ô…Àfl¡ Œ·±-¢∂±À¸ ø·ø˘ Ô˚˛ ’±1n∏ øfl¡Â≈√˜±Ú
ˆ¬≈˘ Ò±1̱ fl¡øϬˇ˚˛±˝◊√ Δ˘ Ù≈¬À1º õ∂±À˚˛˝◊√ ŒÓ¬ÀÚÒ1Ì1 ‡¬ı1 ’±1n∏
Ó¬Ô… ‚‘̱ ¸¬ı«¶§ ’±1n∏ Ù¬˘|n∏øÓ¬Ó¬ ¬ı…ª˝√√±1fl¡±1œ1 ¤fl¡ ø¬ıfl‘¡Ó¬
˜±Úø¸fl¡Ó¬±1 ¸‘ø©Ü fl¡À1º ˚≈ªõ∂Ê√ij1 ’ø¶ö1 ’±1n∏ ά◊26‘√—‡˘
˜±Úø¸fl¡Ó¬±1 ˝◊√ ¤fl¡ ’Ú…Ó¬˜ fl¡±1̺ ’±øÊ√1 ¸˜±Ê√Ó¬ ¸≈¶ö ˚≈øMê√
Ó¬fl«¡1 ’Ú≈fl¡˘ ¬Ûø1À¬ı˙ È≈¬øȬ ’±ø˝√√ÀÂ√º ˚≈øMê√-Ó¬fl«¡À¬ı±1 øÚø˜¯∏ÀÓ¬
¸—‚±Ó¬Õ˘ ¬Û˚«¬ıø¸Ó¬ Œ˝√√±ª± Œ√‡± ˚±˚˛º ’±øÊ√1 ¬Û1± Œfl¡˝◊√Ȭ±˜±Ú
¬ıÂ√1 ’±·Õ˘Àfl¡ ‰¬±ø1’±ø˘1 ’±D±, Œ√±fl¡±Ú ¬ıÊ√±11 ’±D±,
‰¬±˝√√-ˆ¬±Ó¬ Œ˜˘, Œ1˘-¬ı±Â√ ˚±S±1 ’±À˘±‰¬Ú± ’±ø√ ˜±Úø¸fl¡
ά◊»fl¡¯∏« ¸±ÒÚ±1 ¤Àfl¡±È¬± ά◊¬Û±√±Ú ’±øÂ√˘º øfl¡c ¤fl¡ ’¬ı±ø>Ó¬
‚Ȭڱ1 ’±˙±—fl¡± fl¡ø1À˚˛˝◊√ ’±øÊ√fl¡±ø˘ ŒÓ¬ÀÚ ’±À˘±‰¬Ú± ¬ı±
’±D± ¸˜”˝√Ó¬ ˆ¬±· ˘í¬ıÕ˘ Œfl¡±ÀÚ› ˝◊√26√± Úfl¡1± ˝√√í˘º
Â√íø‰¬À˚˛˘ ø˜øά˚˛±1 õ∂ˆ¬±ªÓ¬ Œ˝√√±ª± ¤ÀÚfl¡ ¸±˜±øÊ√fl¡
’ª˚˛¬ı1 fl¡1±Ì ¸˜”˝√1 øÚÀ˜«±˝√√ ø¬ıÀù≠¯∏«Ì fl¡ø1À˘ Œ√‡± ˚±˚˛ Œ˚
’±Ú ’±Ú fl¡±1ÌÀ¬ı±11 ˘·ÀÓ¬ ˝◊√øÓ¬˝√√±¸1 :±Ú1 √Ú…Ó¬±›“ ¤È¬±
’Ú…Ó¬˜ fl¡±1Ì ø˝√√‰¬±À¬Û ›˘±˝◊√ ¬ÛÀ1º ˝◊√øÓ¬˝√√±¸ ’Ò…˚˛Ú1 ’Úœ˝√√±
’±1n∏ :±Ú1 ’ˆ¬±ª1 Ù¬˘Ó¬ ˚≈ªõ∂Ê√ij øÚ¬Û±˝√√œÚ Δ˝√√ ¬Ûø1ÀÂ√º
Œ¸À˚˛À˝√√ ŒÓ¬›“À˘±fl¡fl¡ øfl¡Â≈√˜±Ú ø¬ıfl‘¡Ó¬ Ó¬Ô…À1 ’±„≈√ø˘1 ͬ±1Ó¬
Ú‰≈¬ª±¬ıÕ˘ ¬ı1 ¸˝√√Ê√ Δ˝√√ ¬Ûø1ÀÂ√º
˝◊√ øÓ¬˝√√±¸1 :±ÀÚ ¸±•xøÓ¬fl¡ ‚Ȭڱ1±øÊ√fl¡ ¸≈ш¬±Àª
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’¸˜Ó¬ 1991 ‰¬ÚÓ¬ ¬ı±—˘±ˆ¬±¯∏œ1 ¸—‡…± ’±øÂ√˘ 21.67
˙Ó¬±—˙º 2001 ‰¬ÚÓ¬ ¤˝√◊ ¸—‡…± ˝√√˚˛Õ· 27.55 ˙Ó¬±—˙º
2011 ‰¬ÚÓ¬ ˝√√˚˛Õ· 28.92 ˙Ó¬±—˙º ˝√◊˚˛±1 ø¬ı¬Û1œÀÓ¬
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Œ˘±fl¡1 ¸—‡…± ’±øÂ√˘ 57.81 ˙Ó¬±—˙º ¬Ûø1Ó¬±¬Û1 fl¡Ô± ¤À˚˛
Œ˚ 10 ¬ıÂ√11 ¬ı…ªÒ±Ú ’Ô«±Ó¬ 2001 ‰¬ÚÓ¬ ¤˝√◊ ¸—‡…± ˝√√˚˛Õ·
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˙Ó¬±—˙º ’±Ú˝√√±ÀÓ¬ ’±˜±1 1±Ê√…Ó¬ ø˝√√μœˆ¬±¯∏œ1 ¸—‡…± 2011
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5.89 ˙Ó¬±—˙º ›¬ÛÀ1±Mê Ó¬Ô…˝√◊ õ∂˜±Ì fl¡À1 Œ˚ ’¸˜Ó¬
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qXÕfl¡ ø˘‡± ’±1n∏ ¬ı…ª˝√√±1 fl¡1±1 ›¬Û1ÀÓ¬± øÚᬱ ¸˝√√fl¡±À1
fl¡±˜ fl¡ø1 ’±ÀÂ√º ¸±˜±øÊ√fl¡ ˜±Ò…˜1 ¬ıU Œ·±È¬Ó¬ Œfl¡ª˘ ’¸˜œ˚˛±
ˆ¬±¯∏±1À˝√√ ¬ı…ª˝√√±1 fl¡1± ø√˙ÀȬ±Àª ÚÓ≈¬Ú õ∂Ê√ij1 ’¸˜œ˚˛±
ˆ¬±¯∏±ÀȬ±1 õ∂øÓ¬ Ôfl¡± √±˚˛¬ıXÓ¬±fl¡ õ∂øÓ¬Ù¬ø˘Ó¬ fl¡ø1ÀÂ√º ¤Àfl¡√À1
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¢∂˝√Ì fl¡ø1¬ı ¬Û1±Õfl¡ ¤fl¡ ø˙鬱 ÚœøÓ¬ õ∂dÓ¬ fl¡ø1¬ı1 ¬ı±À¬ı
ø¬ı:±Úœ ά– fl¡‘¯∏û¶§±˜œ fl¡d1œ1—·Ú1 ŒÚÓ‘¬QÓ¬ Œfl¡fœ˚˛ ‰¬1fl¡±À1
2017 ‰¬Ú1 Ê√≈Ú ˜±˝√√Ó¬ ·Í¬Ú fl¡ø1 ø√˚˛± fl¡ø˜È¬œÀ˚˛ 2019
‰¬Ú1 Œ˜í ˜±˝√√Ó¬ 1±©Ü™œ˚˛ ø˙鬱 ÚœøÓ¬1 ‡‰¬1± √±ø‡˘ fl¡À1º ¤˝√◊
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Œfl¡fœ˚˛ Œfl¡ø¬ıÀÚÀȬ Œ√˙1 ÚÓ≈¬Ú ø˙鬱 ÚœøÓ¬Ó¬ ’Ú≈À˜±√Ú Ê√Ú±˚˛º
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Œfl¡±ª± Δ˝√√ÀÂ√º 1968 ‰¬Ú1 õ∂±˚˛ 34 ¬ıÂ√11 ø¬ÛÂ√Ó¬ ÚÓ≈¬Ú 1±©Ü™œ˚˛
ø˙鬱 ÚœøÓ¬À˚˛ ˆ¬±1Ó¬fl¡ ’±&ª±˝√◊ øÚ¬ıÕ˘ ¸é¬˜ ˝√√í¬ı ¬ı≈ø˘ ’±˙±
fl¡1± Δ˝√√ÀÂ√º
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‘√ø©Üˆ¬—·œÀ1 Œ‰¬±ª± Δ˝√√ÀÂ√º Œ√˙Ó¬ õ∂øÓ¬ ¬ıÂ√À1 88 ˘±‡ ˚≈ªfl¡-
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¶§óøÚÀ˚˛±øÊ√Ó¬ Œ˝√√±ª±Ó¬ ¸˝√√±˚˛fl¡ ˝√í√¬ıº
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ÚÓ≈¬Ú ø˙鬱ڜøÓ¬fl¡ Δ˘ ø‰¬ôL±-‰¬‰¬«± ’¬ı…±˝√√Ó¬ Ôfl¡±1 ¸˜˚˛ÀÓ¬
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‚Ȭڱ ø¬ı·Ó¬ ≈√Ȭ± ¬ı¯∏«Ó¬ ˝√√ͬ±» ¬ı‘øX ¬Û±˝√◊ÀÂ√º 1±©Ü™œ˚˛ ’¬Û1±Ò
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Œ˚±ª± 2020 ¬ı¯∏«Ó¬ Œ√˙Ó¬ Â√±S-Â√±Sœ1 ’±R˝√√ÚÚ1 ‚Ȭڱ
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ø˙鬱ԫœÀ˚˛ ’±R˝√√Ó¬…± fl¡ø1ÀÂ√º ’±Ú˝√√±ÀÓ¬, ¤˝√◊ ’±R˝√√Ó¬…± fl¡1±
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˜Ò… õ∂À√˙, ˜˝√√±1±©Ü™ ’±1n∏ Ó¬±ø˜˘Ú±Î≈¬1º ˝√◊˚˛±1 ø¬ıøˆ¬iß fl¡±1Ì
’±ÀÂ√ ˚ø√› fl¡íøˆ¬Î¬ ˜˝√√±˜±1œÀ˚˛ ¸‘ø©Ü fl¡1± ¬Ûø1Àª˙fl¡ ’Ú…Ó¬˜
fl¡±1Ì ¬ı≈ø˘ ø¬ıøˆ¬iß ¸”S˝√◊ õ∂fl¡±˙ fl¡ø1ÀÂ√º Î◊¬À~‡… Œ˚ fl¡íøˆ¬Î¬1
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øÚÊ√Àfl¡ qÒ1±À˘ ¬ı± ’±R¸—À˙±ÒÚ fl¡ø1 ÚÓ≈¬Ú :±Ú-ø˙鬱1
Œ¬Û±˝√√1Ó¬ Â√±S-Â√±Sœfl¡ ¸øͬfl¡ ¬ÛÔ Œ√‡≈ª±¬ı ¬Û±ø1À˘ ¬ıU ø˙鬱ԫœ1
Ê√œªÚ ¬ı‰¬±¬ı ¬Û1± ·í˘À˝√√ÀÓ¬Ú ¬ı± ˆ¬øª¯∏…ÀÓ¬› ˚±¬ıº ÚÓ≈¬Ú 1±©Ü™œ˚˛
ø˙鬱ڜøÓ¬ 1+¬Û±˚˛Ì fl¡ø1¬ıÕ˘ ˚±›“ÀÓ¬ ˚±ÀÓ¬ ¤ÀÚÒ1Ì1 Œfl¡±ÀÚ±
˝√√±øÚ-ø¬ıø‚øÚ Ú‚ÀȬ Œ¸˝√◊ ø√˙ÀȬ±1 õ∂øÓ¬ ˘é¬… 1±ø‡¬ı ˘±ø·¬ıº
:±Úøˆ¬øM√√fl¡ ’±1n∏ ¬ıÊ√±1 ’Ô«ÚœøÓ¬˜≈‡œ ¤˝√◊ ø˙鬱ڜøÓ¬À˚˛ Œ√˙1
¬ı±À¬ı, 1±Ê√…1 ¬ı±À¬ı Î◊¬¬Û˚≈Mê ˜±Úª ¸•Û√ ·øϬˇ ŒÓ¬±˘±Ó¬ ¸Ù¬˘
˝√√í¬ı ¬Û±ø1¬ı ˘±ø·¬ıº
 Med_LIFE_Wordsmith
ø¡ZÓ¬œ˚˛ ˜Ó¬±˜Ó¬˚’øˆ¬˜Ó¬ –
fl¡fl«¡È¬ Œ1±·œÀ˚˛ Œ˘±ª± ά◊ø‰¬Ó¬ÀÚ
ά– Ó¬¬ÛÚ fl≈¡˜±1 ˙˝◊√fl¡œ˚˛±, ˜≈•§±˝◊√
Œfl¡‰¬ 1 – 45 ¬ıÂ√1œ˚˛± ˜ø˝√√˘±, øÓ¬øÚ ¸ôL±Ú1 ˜±fl¡º ‰¬±ø1
˜±˝√√˜±Ú1 ¬Û”À¬ı« ¬ı±›“ô¶Ú1 &øȬ ¤È¬± ˝√√±ÀÓ¬À1 ’Ú≈ˆ¬ª fl¡ø1À˘ñ
ŒÓ¬ÀÚ ø¬ıÀ˙¯∏ ø¬ı¯∏ Ú±˝◊√º &øȬÀȬ± Sê˜˙– ά±„√√1 ˝√√í¬ıÕ˘ Òø1À˘º
˙—fl¡± ˝√√í˘, ‚11 ˜±Ú≈˝√1 ˘·Ó¬ fl¡Ô± ¬Û±øÓ¬ ŒÊ√ÀÚÀ1˘ Â√±Ê«√Ú1
¬Û1±˜˙« ˘íÀ˘º Â√±Ê«√ÀÚ ‰¬±˝◊√ ά◊øͬ Ê√Ú±À˘, ’¬Û±À1˙…Ú ¸˝√√ÀÊ√˝◊√
˝√√í¬ıº ≈√ø√Ú1 ø¬Û‰¬1 Ó¬±ø1‡ ø√À˘º ¤øÓ¬˚˛± Œ1±·œ ’±1n∏ ¬Ûø1˚˛±À˘
øfl¡ ø¸X±ôL ˘í¬ı∑
Œfl¡‰¬ 2 – ¤Àfl¡˝◊√ Œfl¡‰¬º øfl¡c ŒÓ¬›“1 ˝◊√øÓ¬˜ÀÒ… fl¡fl«¡È¬
Œ1±· ¬ı≈ø˘ FNAC Œ˝√√±ª±1 ø¬Û‰¬Ó¬ Ò1± ¬Ûø1˘º ¶ö±Úœ˚˛ fl¡fl«¡È¬À1±·
ø¬ıÀ˙¯∏:˝◊√ Ê√Ú±À˘ ’¬Û±À1˙…Ú ˝√√í¬ı ¬ı±fl¡œ Ôfl¡± ¬Û1œé¬±1 ø¬Û‰¬Ó¬º
¬Ûø1˚˛±À˘ øͬfl¡ fl¡ø1À˘ ’¸˜Ó¬ Úfl¡À1, ¬ı±—·±˘≈1Õ˘ ˚±¬ı Ó¬±Ó¬
ŒÂ√±ª±˘œÊ√Úœ› ’±ÀÂ√º
Œfl¡‰¬ 3 – ¤Àfl¡˝◊√ Œfl¡‰¬º ά±À˚˛±·Úø‰¬Â√ ¶ö±Úœ˚˛ fl¡fl«¡È¬À1±·1
˝√√ø¶ÛÓ¬±˘Ó¬ ˝√√í˘º ø¬ÛÀ‰¬ ¬Ûø1˚˛±À˘ øÔfl¡ fl¡ø1À˘ ˜≈•§±˝◊√ ˚±¬ı,
˚ø√› Ó¬±Ó¬ Œfl¡±ÀÚ± ‰¬±-ø‰¬Ú±fl¡œ Ú±˝◊√º
Œfl¡‰¬ 4 – 70 ¬ıÂ√1œ˚˛± ¤Ê√Ú1 ‡±√…Ú˘œ1 fl¡fl«¡È¬ Œ1±·
Ò1± ¬Ûø1˘º ˙1œ1 ≈√¬ı«˘, ¤Àfl¡± ‡±¬ı˝◊√ ŒÚ±ª±À1º ‰¬˝√√1Ó¬ øÓ¬øÚ‡Ú
28
fl¡fl«¡È¬À1±· ˝√√ø¶ÛÓ¬±˘º øÓ¬øÚ›‡ÚÕ˘ ¬Ûø1˚˛±À˘ ˜Ó¬±˜Ó¬1 ¬ı±À¬ı
Δ˘ ·í˘º ’±È¬±˝◊√ Àfl¡˝◊√ ‡ÚÀÓ¬ ø‰¬øfl¡»¸Àfl¡ ˆ¬±˘√À1 ¬ı≈Ê√±˝◊√
ø√À˘ñ ’¸≈‡ ˚ÀÔ©Ü ’±·¬ı±øϬˇ˘ ¤øÓ¬˚˛± øfl¡Â≈√ ά◊¬Û˙˜1
ø‰¬øfl¡»¸± ˘›fl¡º ¬ı±ø˝√√1Õ˘ ˚±¬ı Ú±˘±À·º ¬Ûø1˚˛±˘ Œ‰¬iß±˝◊√1
ø¬ıø˙©Ü ˝√√ø¶ÛÓ¬±˘ ¬ı≈ø˘ ›˘±˘º Ó¬±ÀÓ¬± ¤Àfl¡˝◊√ ¬Û1±˜˙«º Œ˙¯∏
ά◊¬Û±˚˛ ø¬ı‰¬±ø1 ’Ú˘±˝◊√ÚÓ¬ ¤fl¡ ’øÓ¬ ¬Û≈1øÌ ˝√√ø¶ÛÓ¬±˘1 ø¡ZÓ¬œ˚˛
˜Ó¬±˜Ó¬ ø¬ı‰¬±ø1À˘º ˜±S ø1¬ÛÈ«¬ø‡øÚ ‰¬±˝◊√À˚˛ ¤Ê√Ú ø¬ıÀ˙¯∏:˝◊√
‰¬±ø1¬Û‘ᬱ1 ˜Ó¬±˜Ó¬ ø√ ¬Ûøͬ˚˛±À˘º ¤øÓ¬˚˛± ¬Ûø1˚˛±˘ ø¬ı¬Û±„√√Ó¬
¬Ûø1ÀÂ√º
Œfl¡‰¬ 5 – 15 ¬ıÂ√1œ˚˛± ŒÂ√±ª±˘œ1 øάø„√√1 ŒÈ¬˜≈Ú± [ø˘•£¬
Úíά] ¬ı±À˚˛±oœ fl¡À1“±ÀÓ¬ Hodgkin Lymphoma ¬ı≈ø˘ Ò1±
¬Ûø1˘º ø¬ıÀ˙¯∏:˝◊√ ˘À· ˘À· ø‰¬øfl¡»¸± Œfl¡À˜±ÀÔ1±¬Ûœ1 ’±1y
fl¡ø1˜ ¬ı≈ø˘ fl¡íÀ˘º ø¬ıÀ˙¯∏ ’±À˘±‰¬Ú± fl¡ø1¬ıÕ˘ ˜±øôL Ú˝√√í˘ ¬ı±
Úfl¡ø1À˘˝◊√ º ’±Ú ¤‡Ú ˝√√ø¶ÛÓ¬±˘1 ø‰¬øfl¡»¸±fl¡ ¤‚∞I◊±˜±Ú
Œ·±ÀȬ˝◊√ ¸˜¸…±ÀȬ± ¬ı≈Ê√±À˘ ’±1n∏ fl¡±Î¬◊Àkø˘—1 ¬ı±À¬ı ¸˜±Ê√
Œ¸ø¬ıfl¡±1 ¸˝√√±˚˛ ˘íÀ˘º
Œfl¡‰¬ 6 – 52 ¬ıÂ√1œ˚˛± Œ˘±fl¡ ¤Ê√Ú1 fl¡F1 fl¡fl«¡È¬ Œ1±·º
¶ö±Úœ˚˛ fl¡fl«¡È¬À1±· ˝√√ø¶ÛÓ¬±˘Ó¬ Œ1øάÀ˚˛˙…Ú ’±1n∏ Œfl¡À˜±ÀÔ1±¬Ûœ
ø‰¬øfl¡»¸± ˝√√í˘º ¤¬ıÂ√1 ø¬Û‰¬Ó¬ Œ1±· ‚”ø1 ’±ø˝√√˘º
’±1n∏ ¬ıU Œfl¡‰¬ ’±À˘±‰¬Ú±Õ˘ ’±øÚ¬ı ¬Û±ø1ñ Œfl¡˝◊√Ȭ±˜±Ú
˜±S ¸±Ò±1ÌÀÓ¬ Œ˝√√±ª± Œ1±·1 ά◊À~‡ fl¡ø1À˘“±º fl¡fl«¡È¬À1±·1
Œé¬SÓ¬ ø¡ZÓ¬œ˚˛ ˜Ó¬±˜Ó¬˚’øˆ¬˜Ó¬ ˆ¬±˘ÀÚ Œ¬ı˚˛±, ά◊ø‰¬Ó¬ÀÚ
’Ú≈ø‰¬Ó¬, Ù¬˘õ∂¸≈ ˝√√í¬ıÀÚ Ú˝√√˚˛, ¤fl¡ ¬ı±fl¡…Ó¬ Œfl¡±ª± ’Ú≈ø‰¬Ó¬º
¬ıUfl¡Ô± ¸±À„√√±1 ‡±˝◊√ Ô±Àfl¡º
õ∂Ô˜ ø√Ú±˝◊√ ø‰¬øfl¡»¸Àfl¡ ˚ø√ øfl¡Â≈√ õ∂À˚˛±Ê√Úœ˚˛ fl¡Ô±
Ú≈¬ı≈ÀÊ√±ª±Õfl¡, õ∂À˚˛±Ê√Úœ˚˛ ¬Û1œé¬±¸˜”˝√ Úfl¡À1±ª±Õfl¡ ’¬Û±À1˙…Ú
fl¡ø1¬ıÕ˘ ˘˚˛, Œ¸˝◊√ ¶ö±Ú1 ¬Û1± ’±Ó“¬1± ά◊ø‰¬Ó¬º ≈√ˆ¬«±·…¬ı¸Ó¬
¤ÀÚ ø‰¬øfl¡»¸± ¤˝◊√ ¤fl¡ø¬ı—˙ ˙Ó¬±sœÀÓ¬± ø¬ı1˘ Ú˝√√˚˛º
ø˚Àfl¡±ÀÚ± ˝√√ø¶ÛÓ¬±À˘˝◊√ Ú˝√√›fl¡, ø˚˜±Ú Ú±˜;˘±
ø‰¬øfl¡»¸Àfl¡˝◊√ Ú˝√√›fl¡ñ ˚ø√ õ∂À˚˛±Ê√Úœ˚˛ ø¬ı˙√ ’±À˘±‰¬Ú±
Úfl¡1±Õfl¡ ø‰¬øfl¡»¸±Õ˘ Ê√ø¬Û˚˛±¬ı ø¬ı‰¬±À1, ’±Ó“¬ø1 ’˝√√±˝◊√ ˆ¬±˘º
øfl¡˚˛ fl¡À˘“±∑ fl¡fl«¡È¬À1±·1 ¤¬ı±1 ø‰¬øfl¡»¸± fl¡ø1À˘˝◊√ Œ˙¯∏ Ú˝√√˚˛º
ø‰¬øfl¡»¸±Õ˘ ’±·¬ıϬˇ±, ø‰¬øfl¡»¸±1 Ù¬˘±Ù¬˘, ˆ¬øª¯∏…ÀÓ¬ Œfl¡ÀÚÕfl¡
29
Ù¬˘ ’±¬Û ˝√√í¬ıíñ ’±È¬±˝◊√ø‡øÚ ¤¬ı±1 ¬ı± ≈√¬ı±1 ¬ıø˝√√ ’±À˘±‰¬Ú±
Œ˝√√±ª± ¬ı±Ò…Ó¬±˜”˘fl¡º
ø¡ZÓ¬œ˚˛ ˜Ó¬±˜Ó¬ ¸±Ò±1ÌÀÓ¬ ≈√˝◊√ õ∂fl¡±À1 ˘í¬ı ¬Û±ø1º
õ∂Ô˜ÀȬ±ñ ’±¬Û≈øÚ ø¡ZÓ¬œ˚˛ ø‰¬øfl¡»¸fl¡fl¡ ˙±1œø1fl¡ ˆ¬±À¬ı ˘·
fl¡ø1 ø¬ı¯∏√ˆ¬±Àª ˜Ó¬±˜Ó¬ ˘í¬ı ¬Û±À1º ¤˝◊√ Œé¬SÓ¬ ¸≈ø¬ıÒ±ÀȬ±
˝√√í˘, ’±À¬Û±Ú±1 ¤˝◊√ ˜Ó¬±˜Ó¬ ’±1n∏ ά◊¬ÛÀ√˙ ˜Ú–¬Û≈Ó¬ ˝√√íÀ˘
ø‰¬øfl¡»¸± ˝◊√˚˛±ÀÓ¬˝◊√ ’±1y fl¡ø1¬ı ¬Û±À1º Ú±˝◊√¬ı± õ∂Ô˜ Ê√ÚÕ˘
‚”ø1 ˚±¬ı ¬Û±À1º ø¡ZÓ¬œ˚˛ÀȬ±ñ ’±¬Û≈øÚ Œ·±ÀȬ˝◊√ ø¬Û1È«¬ø‡øÚ ¤‡Ú
Ú±˜;˘± ˝√√ø¶ÛÓ¬±˘Õ˘ Œ˜˝◊√˘ fl¡ø1 ¬Ûøͬ˚˛±¬ıº Œ¸˝◊√ ˝√√ø¶ÛÓ¬±˘1
fl¡Ó‘¬«¬Û鬽◊√ Œ¸˝◊√ Œ1±·1 ø¬ıÀ˙¯∏:1 ˝√√±Ó¬Ó¬ ø1¬ÛÈ«¬ø‡øÚ ˜Ó¬±˜Ó¬1
¬ı±À¬ı Ê√˜± ø√À˚˛º ø¬ıÀ˙¯∏:˝◊√ ‡1ø‰¬ ˜±ø1 ‰¬±˝◊√ 2-3 ¬Û‘ᬱ1
˜Ó¬±˜Ó¬ ø√À˚˛º ’±øÊ√fl¡±ø˘ øfl¡Â≈√Àª øˆ¬øά’ fl¡ÚÙ¬±À1ø=—›
fl¡ø1¬ıÕ˘ ’±1y fl¡ø1ÀÂ√º ¤˝◊√ Ò√1Ì1 ˜Ó¬±˜Ó¬Ó¬ ˝√√ø¶ÛÓ¬±˘ ’±1n∏
ø‰¬øfl¡»¸Àfl¡ ¤fl¡ øά‰¬Àflv¡˝◊√˜±1 ø√À˚˛º Œ¸À˚˛ ˜Ó¬±˜Ó¬1 øfl¡Â≈√
’¸≈ø¬ıÒ± ’±ÀÂ√, ø˚À˝√√Ó≈¬ ŒÓ¬›“À˘±Àfl¡ ’±˝◊√Ú·Ó¬ √±ø˚˛Q˝◊√ Ú˘˚˛º
˜˝◊√ Œ˝√√±ª±È¬¸’±¬Û ˝◊√ά◊øÚˆ¬±1ø‰¬øȬ1 ø√ÀÚ-øÚ˙±˝◊√ ‰¬ø˘ Ôfl¡±
˜Ó¬±˜Ó¬ ¬ı1 fl¡±˚«…fl¡1 ¬ı≈ø˘ Œ¬ı±Ò Úfl¡À1±º øfl¡c ά◊¬Û±˚˛ Ú±˝◊√
¬ı±À¬ı˝◊√ ø˘ø‡¬ı˘·œ˚˛± ˝√√˚˛º ŒÈ¬ø˘ÀÙ¬±ÚÓ¬ ø¡ZÓ¬œ˚˛ ά◊¬ÛÀ√˙
’øÚ©Üfl¡1º øˆ¬øά’ fl¡Ú‰¬±ÀåI◊˙…ÚÀȬ±1 ˜˝◊√ ¸≈ø¬ıÒ±1 Ú±¬Û±›“º
ø¡ZÓ¬œ˚˛ ˜Ó¬±˜Ó¬1-’øˆ¬˜Ó¬1 õ∂fl‘¡Ó¬ ά◊¬Ûfl¡±1 ˝√√˚˛ ˚ø√
¤Ê√Ú ø¬ıÀ˙¯∏:˝◊√ ’±ÚÊ√Ú ø¬ıÀ˙¯∏:Õ˘ ¤È¬± ŒÈ¬±fl¡± ø˘ø‡
¬Ûøͬ˚˛±˚˛º ŒÓ¬øÓ¬˚˛± ≈√À˚˛±Ê√Ú1 ˜±Ê√Ó¬ ¤fl¡ ¸•§g Ô±øfl¡ ˚±˚˛ ø˚
ˆ¬øª¯∏…Ó¬1 ¬ı±À¬ı ’øÓ¬ õ∂À˚˛±Ê√Úœ˚˛º ˚ø√ õ∂Ô˜Ê√ÀÚ ø˘ø‡¬ıÕ˘
¸ijÓ¬ Ú˝√√˚˛, ŒÓ¬›“ Œ√±¯∏œº
¤øȬ ’øÓ¬ õ∂À˚˛±Ê√Úœ˚˛ fl¡Ô±ñ ø¡ZÓ¬œ˚˛ ˜Ó¬±˜Ó¬ ø‰¬øfl¡»¸±
’±1y Œ˝√√±ª±1 ’±·ÀÓ¬˝◊√ ¬ı±>Úœ˚˛º ø‰¬øfl¡»¸± ’±1y Œ˝√√±ª±1
ø¬Û‰¬Ó¬ ˜Ó¬±˜Ó¬ ˘íÀ˘ ¬ıU¸˜˚˛Ó¬ ø¡ZÓ¬œ˚˛Ê√Ú1 ø‰¬øfl¡»¸±1 ¬ı±
’Ú≈¸g±Ú1 ¬ÛXøÓ¬Ó¬ ¬Û±Ô«fl¡… Ô±Àfl¡º øfl¡c ø‰¬øfl¡»¸Àfl¡ Œfl¡øÓ¬˚˛±¬ı±
õ∂Ô˜ Ê√Ú1 ›¬Û1Ó¬ ˝◊√˜±Ú ’õ∂À˚˛±Ê√Úœ˚˛ ˜ôL¬ı…› fl¡À1 ø˚
Œ1±·œ-¬Ûø1˚˛±˘1 ˜ÚÓ¬ õ∂Ô˜Ê√Ú1 õ∂øÓ¬ ¤fl¡ ø¬ıÀ¡Z¯∏ˆ¬±¬ı1 ά◊√˚˛
˝√√˚˛º ˜Ó¬±˜Ó¬1 ¬Û±Ô«fl¡… Ô±øfl¡¬ı ¬Û±À1 ø˚À˝√√Ó≈¬ ’±øÊ√1 ø√ÚÓ¬
Œfl¡˝◊√¬ı±È¬±› õ∂fl¡±À1 ø‰¬øfl¡»¸± fl¡ø1¬ı ¬Û±ø1º ά◊√±˝√√1̶§1+À¬Ûñ
˜≈‡Ó¬ fl¡fl«¡È¬À1±· ˝√√í˘ñ ¤Ê√Ú ø‰¬øfl¡»¸Àfl¡ fl¡íÀ˘ ’¬Û±À1˙…Ú
˘±ø·¬ıº ø¡ZÓ¬œ˚˛Ê√ÀÚ fl¡íÀ˘ õ∂ÔÀ˜ Œfl¡À˜±ÀÔ1±¬Ûœ ˘›fl¡º
Ó‘¬Ó¬œ˚˛Ê√ÀÚ Î¬◊¬ÛÀ√˙ ø√À˘ Œ1øάÀ˚˛˙…Ú ’±1n∏ Œfl¡À˜±ÀÔ1±¬Ûœ
¤Àfl¡˘À·˝◊√ ˝√√›fl¡º ’±È¬±˝◊√À1 ˜Ó¬±˜Ó¬1 &1n∏Q ’±ÀÂ√ñ ’±¬Û≈øÚ
¤È¬± ¢∂˝√Ì fl¡ø1¬ı ˘±ø·¬ıº
¬Û1œé¬±-øÚ1œé¬±1 Œé¬SÀÓ¬± ¬ıUø‡øÚ õ∂À˚˛±Ê√Úœ˚˛ fl¡Ô±ñ
ø¬ıÀ˙¯∏Õfl¡ Œ1±·1 Ù¬±˝◊√ÀÚ˘ ά±À˚˛±·Úø‰¬Â√º ¤˝◊√˚˛± Œ¬ÛÔíÀ˘±Ê√œ©Ü1
˝√√±Ó¬Ó¬º ø¡ZÓ¬œ˚˛ ˜Ó¬±˜Ó¬ ø√˚˛± Œ¬ÛÔíÀ˘±Ê√œ©Ü1 experience
Ô±øfl¡¬ı ˘±ø·¬ı∏º ˘·ÀÓ¬ ŒÓ¬›“1 Œ˘¬ıíÀ1Ȭ1œ ά◊2‰¬ ˜±Ú√G1
Œ˝√√±ª± øÚÓ¬…±ôL˝◊√ ’±ª˙…fl¡º
¤øȬ ¸˜¸…±1 ¸ij≈‡œÚ ¬ıUÀÓ¬˝◊√ ˝√√˚˛ñ ø¡ZÓ¬œ˚˛ ˜Ó¬±˜Ó¬1
¬ı±À¬ı ø‰¬øfl¡»¸1 Δ¸ÀÓ¬ Œfl¡ÀÚÒ1ÀÌ fl¡Ô± fl¡í¬ı∑ õ∂Ô˜ Ê√Ú1 ø¬ı¯∏À˚˛
Œfl¡±ÀÚ± ¤fl¡ ˝◊√À•x˙…Ú ø√˚˛± ά◊ø‰¬Ó¬º ˚ø√ ’±¬Û≈øÚ ŒÓ¬À‡Ó¬1 ø¬ı¯∏À˚˛
Œ¬ı˚˛± ¤fl¡ ˝◊√ À•x˙…˜ ø√¬ı1 Œ‰¬©Ü± fl¡À1 ø¡ZÓ¬œ˚˛Ê√Ú1 ˜ÚÓ¬ ¤fl¡
¸—˙˚˛ ά◊¬ÛÊ√±1 ¸y±ªÚ± Ô±Àfl¡º ¤Ê√Ú ¬ı≈Ê√±-&̱ ¸•Ûfl«¡œ˚˛ Œ˘±fl¡
¬ı± ¬ıg≈ ø˚ õ∂À˚˛±Ê√Úœ˚˛ õ∂ùü fl¡ø1¬ı ¬Û±À1 ¬ı± ’±À˘±‰¬Ú±Ó¬ ¸øSê˚˛ˆ¬±À¬ı
30
ˆ¬±· ˘í¬ı ¬Û±À1 ˘·Ó¬ Δ˘ ·íÀ˘ ¸≈ø¬ıÒ± ˝√√˚˛º õ∂ùüÀfl¡˝◊√Ȭ± ø˘ø‡ Δ˘
˚±¬ıº ø‰¬øfl¡»¸fl¡1 fl¡Ô±ø‡øÚ ŒÚ±È¬ fl¡ø1¬ıº ˚ø√ ŒÙ¬±ÚÓ¬ Œ1fl¡Î«¬
ø¬ı‰¬±À1, ’Ú≈˜øÓ¬ ˘í¬ıº
≈√Ȭ±˜±Ú ά◊√±˝√√1Ìñ
¤·1±fl¡œ 45 ¬ıÂ√1œ˚˛± ˜ø˝√√˘±1 Œ¬ÛȬ1 ø¬ı¯∏ Δ˝√√ Ôfl¡±
¬ı±À¬ı ¬Û1œé¬±Ó¬ ¬Û±fl¡¶ö˘œ (stomach) ¤fl¡ fl¡fl«¡È¬ Œ1±· Ò1±
¬Ûø1˘º ø‰¬øfl¡»¸Àfl¡ Ê√Ú±À˘ ’¸≈‡ ˚ÀÔ©Ü ’±·¬ı±øϬˇ˘º
’¬Û±À1˙…Ú fl¡ø1À˘ øfl¡Â≈√ø√Ú1 ¬ı±À¬ı ά◊¬Û˙˜ ˝√√í¬ıº Œ1±·œfl¡ Δ˘
¬Ûø1˚˛±˘ ’±Ú ¤fl¡ ˝√√ø¶ÛÓ¬±˘Õ˘ ·í˘º Ó¬±Ó¬ ¬ı±À˚˛±¶Ûœ ¸±˜¢∂œ1
¬Û1œé¬±Ó¬ Ò1± ¬Ûø1˘ ¤fl¡ øfl¡Â≈√ fl¡˜ ¬Ûø1˜±ÀÌ [2Ì] Œ˝√√±ª±
¤fl¡ fl¡fl«¡È¬ Œ1±· ˚±1 ø‰¬øfl¡»¸± ¸•Û”Ì« ¸≈fl¡œ˚˛±º Œfl¡À˜±ÀÔ1±¬Ûœ
˘íÀ˘ øÚ1±˜˚˛ Œ˝√√±ª±1 ¸y±ªÚ±º
’Ú… ¤fl¡ Œ1±·œñ 60 ¬ıÂ√1œ˚˛± Œ˘±fl¡1 Œ¬ÛȬ1 ø¬ı¯∏1
¬Û1œé¬±Ó¬ ›˘±˘ ø¬ÛM√√Àfl¡±¯∏1 (goll bladder) fl¡fl«¡È¬ Œ1±·º
Œ1±· fl¡±¯∏1œ˚˛± ¶ö±ÚÕ˘ ø¬ı˚˛ø¬Û˘º ¤Ê√Ú Â√±Ê«√ÀÚ ’¬Û±À1˙…Ú
fl¡1±1 ¬Û1±˜˙« ø√À˘ ˚ø√› ˝◊√ ø¬ıÀ˙¯∏ Ù¬˘õ∂¸≈ Ú˝√˚˛º ŒÓ¬À‡ÀÓ¬
ø¬ıÓ¬—ˆ¬±Àª ¬ı≈Ê√±˝◊√ øÚø√À˘º ’±Ú ¤Ê√ÀÚ ’¬Û±À1˙…Ú Úfl¡ø1
øfl¡Â≈√ ø√Ú1 ¬ı±À¬ı Œfl¡À˜±ÀÔ1±¬Ûœ Ú±˝◊√¬ı± ˜±S ¸1n∏¸≈1± √1ª Ê√±øÓ¬
(Palliative care) ˘í¬ıÕ˘ fl¡íÀ˘º ¤ÀÚfl≈¡ª± ¸˜¸…±1 ¸ij≈‡œÚ
˝√√íÀ˘ ¬ıU ˆ¬±ø¬ıø‰¬øôL ’±·¬ıϬˇ± ά◊ø‰¬Ó¬º
¤˝◊√ ’±À˘±‰¬Ú±Ó¬ Œ˜±1 øÚÊ√¶§ ¤fl¡ ˜Ó¬±˜Ó¬ ’±1n∏ ˚≈øMê√
ˆ¬±ø„√√ Òø1À˘“±º ¤˝◊√˚˛± Œ˜±1 40 ¬ıÂ√1œ˚˛± ’øˆ¬:Ó¬±1 fl¡Ô±ñ
¸≈”√1 ’¸˜1 ¬Û1± ’±ø˝√√ ˜≈•§±˝◊√Ó¬ øÔÓ¬±ø¬Û Δ˘ ¬ıUÒ1Ì1 ¸˜¸…±
Œ√ø‡À˘“±º Œ˜±1 ‘√ø©Üˆ¬—·œ ˜≈•§±˝◊√, Œ¬ı—·±˘≈1n∏, Œ‰¬iß±˝◊√ ¬ı± ø√~œ1
Ô˘≈ª± ø‰¬øfl¡»¸fl¡Ó¬Õfl¡ ¸≈fl¡œ˚˛± ˝√√í¬ı ¬Û±À1º Œfl¡±Ú ˆ¬≈˘, Œfl¡±Ú
qX Ó¬±1 ø¬ı‰¬±1 ˜˝◊√ ά◊O±¬ÛÚ fl¡1± Ú±º fl¡1± Ú±˝◊√ ’±À¬Û±Ú±À˘±fl¡1
‘√ø©Üˆ¬—·œ1 ¸˜±À˘±‰¬Ú±, ø˚¸fl¡À˘ ¬Ûø1˚˛±˘1 Œ˘±fl¡1 ¬ı±À¬ı
¬Û±˚«…˜±ÀÚ fl¡ø1¬ı ø¬ı‰¬±À1º ¤fl¡ ά±„√√1 fl¡Ô± ¤¬ı±1 ˆ¬±ø¬ı ‰¬±¬ıñ
’±¬Û≈øÚ Œ˚ øfl¡˜±Ú ˆ¬±·…¬ı±Ú, ¤fl¡ ø¡ZÓ¬œ˚˛ ˜Ó¬ Œ˘±ª±1 ¸±˜Ô«…
’±ÀÂ√º ¤˝◊√ Œ√˙Ó¬ ˘é¬…Ê√Ú1 ¤ÀÚ Œfl¡±ÀÚ± ¬ÛÔ Ú±˝◊√º ø˚
¬ı…ª¶ö± ˝√√±Ó¬1 ›‰¬1Ó¬ Ó¬±Àfl¡˝◊√ ’±Àfl“¡±ª±ø1 Δ˘ ¤fl¡ ’±˙±º Ê√œªÚ
’øÓ¬ ø¬ıø‰¬Sº
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fl¡ÚÀ‰¬— ¬ı1À·±˝√√“±˝√◊, ¬ıÀ1±Î¬±
ŒÙ¬±Ú Ú— – 9868393331

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õ∂øSê˚˛±, ¤fl¡ ¶§±ˆ¬±øªfl¡ ‚Ȭڱº ˚íÓ¬ ¤È¬± Ê√œªÚ1 ¬Ûø1¸˜±ø5
‚ÀȬº øfl¡c ŒÓ¬ÀÚ ¸±Ò±1Ì ˜‘Ó≈¬… Œfl¡øÓ¬˚˛±¬ı± ‚Ȭڱ1 ¬Û±fl¡‰¬SêÓ¬
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¤˝√◊ ¬Û‘øÔ¬ıœÓ¬ ¬ıUÀ˘±Àfl¡ ¸1n∏ ¬ı1 ¬ıU fl¡±1ÌÓ¬ øÚÊ√1 Ê√œªÚ √±Ú
ø√ Δ·ÀÂ√º Ê√œªÚ √±Ú ø√˚˛± Î◊¬À√˙…1 ø¬ı˙±˘Ó¬±1 ›¬Û1Ó¬
˜˝√√±ÚÓ¬±1 ˜±¬Ûfl¡±Í¬œ ø˝√√‰¬±¬ı øÚfl¡±‰¬ fl¡1± ˝√√˚˛º ’±˜±1 ˆ¬±1Ó¬¬ı¯∏«1
¸œ˜±˜≈1œ˚˛± Œ√˙ Œfl¡˝√◊‡Ú1 ˘·Ó¬ ¸≈-¸•Ûfl¡« ÚÔfl¡±1 ¬ı±À¬ı
˜±ÀÊ√ ¸˜À˚˛ ‡fl¡±‡≈μ± ˘±ø·À˚˛˝√◊ Ô±Àfl¡º ˚±1 Ù¬˘Ó¬ ’±˜±1
ŒÊ√±ª±Ú¸fl¡˘1 ˜‘Ó≈¬…1 ¬ı±Ó¬ø1 õ∂±À˚˛ ’±ø˝√√À˚˛ Ô±Àfl¡º ¤˝√◊Ò1Ì1
‚Ȭڱ ¸‚ÀÚ Δ˝√√ Ôfl¡± Œ˝√√Ó≈¬ ¤ÀÚ ˜‘Ó≈¬…1 Œfl¡±ÀÚ± fl¡±˘Ê√˚˛œ
õ∂ˆ¬±ª Ú±Ô±Àfl¡ ’±1n∏ ’±ø˜ Œ¸˝√◊ ˜‘Ó≈¬…fl¡ Ê√±Ó¬œ˚˛ ù´˝√√œ√ ø˝√√‰¬±À¬ı
Œ‚±¯∏̱ fl¡ø1À˚˛˝√◊ 鬱ôL Ô±Àfl¡“±º øfl¡Â≈√ø√Ú1 ¬Û±‰¬Ó¬ ’±ø˜ ¸fl¡À˘±Àª
ŒÓ¬ÀÚ ù´˝√√œ√ ’±1n∏ ù´˝√√œ√1 ¬Ûø1˚˛±˘fl¡ ¬Û±˝√√ø1 ˚±›“º øfl¡c ¤ÀÚ
øfl¡Â≈√˜±Ú ˜‘Ó≈¬…1 fl¡Ô± ’±ø˜ qøÚ¬ıÕ˘ ¬Û±›“ ø˚À¬ı±1 ¤fl¡fl¡ ’±1n∏
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õ∂¬ı±˝√√˜±Ú Ú√œ1 √À1 ˚≈À· ˚≈À· Δ¬ı Ô±Àfl¡º ŒÓ¬ÀÚ ¤fl¡ ˜‘Ó≈¬…1
fl¡Ô±Àfl¡ fl¡í¬ıÕ˘ ’±·¬ı±øϬˇÀÂ√“±ñ
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ˆ¬1¬Û”1 ¤‡Ú ¬Û≈1øÌ ˜ÀÚ±1˜ ‰¬˝√√1º ŒÓ¬1-Δ‰¬Ò… ˙øÓ¬fl¡±1 ¬Û1±
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¬Ûø1·øÌÓ¬º ¤˝√◊ ‰¬˝√√11 fl¡±¯∏1 ˝√◊—ø˘‰¬ Œ‰¬ÀÚ˘ÀȬ±Àª Î◊¬M√√1 ¸±·1
(North Sea) ’±1n∏ Œ‰¬˘øȬfl¡ ¸±·1 (Celtic Sea) ¤˝√◊ ≈√‡Ú
¸±·1fl¡ ˘· ˘·±˝√◊ÀÂ√ ’±Ú˝√√±ÀÓ¬ ¤˝√◊ ¸≈“øÓ¬ÀȬ±Àª ˝√◊Î◊¬À1±¬Û1
˜˝√√±À√˙1 ˜”˘ ˆ”¬-‡G1 Ùˬ±k1 ’±1n∏ Œ¢∂Ȭ ¬ı‘ÀȬ˝√◊Ú ¬Û‘Ôfl¡ fl¡ø1ÀÂ√º
¬ıÓ¬«˜±Ú ˝√◊Î◊¬À1± Ȭ±ÀÚ˘1 Ùˬ±k1 ≈√ª±1‡Ú fl¡±˘±˝√◊‰¬ ‰¬˝√√1Ó¬
’ªø¶öÓ¬º fl¡±˘±˝√◊‰¬ ‰¬˝√√1‡Ú ¤øÓ¬˚˛± ¤‡Ú &1n∏Q¬Û”Ì« ‰¬˝√√À1˝√◊
Ú˝√√˚˛ ¤‡Ú ’øÓ¬ ¬ı…ô¶ ‰¬˝√√1º ¤˝√◊‡Ú ‰¬˝√√11 ¤fl¡ ’øÓ¬ ¸≈μ1
Œ·Ã1ª˜˚˛ ’Ó¬œÓ¬ ’±ÀÂ√º 1346 ‰¬ÚÓ¬ ˝√◊—À˘G1 Δ¸øÚÀfl¡ ¤˝√◊
‰¬˝√√1‡Ú ’ªÀ1±Ò fl¡ø1øÂ√˘º Œ¸˝√◊ ¸˜˚˛1 Ùˬ±k1 1Ê√± øÙ¬ø˘¬Û
[¯∏á¬] ˝√◊—1±Ê√1 ›‰¬1Ó¬ ˝√√±1 ˜±øÚ fl¡±˘±˝√◊‰¬ ‰¬˝√√1‡Ú ¬Ûø1Ó¬…±·
fl¡ø1øÂ√˘º ˝√◊—1±ÀÊ√ õ∂±˚˛ ¤¬ıÂ√1 Òø1 ’ªÀ1±Ò fl¡ø1 1‡±1 ¬Û±‰¬Ó¬
¤ø√Ú ¤fl¡ ¬Û≈ª±Ó¬ ˝√◊—À˘G1 1Ê√± [Ó‘¬Ó¬œ˚˛] ¤Î¬ª±Àά« fl¡±˘±˝√◊‰¬1
Ê√Ú·ÌÕ˘ ¤È¬± ‡¬ı1 ¬Ûøͬ˚˛±À˘ Œ˚ñ ŒÓ¬›“ fl¡±˘±˝√◊‰¬ ‰¬˝√√1‡Ú
˜≈Mê fl¡ø1 ø√¬ı Œ‡±ÀÊ√ ¤È¬± ‰¬Ó¬«Ó¬º Œ¸˝√◊ ‰¬Ó¬«ÀȬ± ˝√√í˘ñ
ìfl¡±˘±˝√◊‰¬1 Ê√ÚÓ¬±˝√◊ ŒÓ¬›“À˘±fl¡1 6 Ê√Ú ˜±Ú≈˝√ ¬Û̬ıμœ ø˝√√‰¬±À¬ı
˝√◊—1±Ê√ Δ¸Ú…1 ˝√√±Ó¬Ó¬ ¸˜¬Û«Ì fl¡ø1¬ı ˘±ø·¬ıºî ‰¬Ó¬« qøÚ
fl¡±˘±˝√◊‰¬1 Ê√Ú·Ì õ∂ÔÀ˜ ø¬ı¬ı≈øXÓ¬ ¬Ûø1˘º øfl¡Â≈√˜±Ú ‡„√√Ó¬ ;ø˘
¬Ûøfl¡ Î◊¬øͬ˘, 6 Ê√ÀÚ ’±R¸˜¬Û«Ú fl¡1± ˜±ÀÚ Œ·±ÀȬ˝√◊ ͬ±˝√◊‡ÀÚ˝√◊
’±R¸˜¬Û«Ì fl¡1± ¤Àfl¡ fl¡Ô±º Ó¬±Ó¬Õfl¡ ’±ø˜ ¸fl¡À˘±Àª
¤Àfl¡˘À· ˚≈X fl¡ø1 ˜ø1˜º ’ªÀ˙¯∏Ó¬ fl¡±˘±˝√◊‰¬1 Ê√ÚÓ¬±˝√◊ ˚≈X1
¬ı±À¬ı ¤Ê√Ú ¤Ê√ÚÕfl¡ 1±Ê√¬ÛÔÓ¬ ¤fl¡À·±È¬ ˝√√í¬ıÕ˘ Òø1À˘º
˝√√±Ó¬Ó¬ Ó¬À1±ª±˘ Δ˘ ¤fl¡ Œ·Ã1ª˜˚˛ ˚≈X1 ¬ı±À¬ı ¸fl¡À˘±Àª
˙¬ÛÓ¬ ˘À˘º øfl¡c ‰¬˝√√11 Œ‰¬˝√◊KI◊ ¬ÛœÀ˚˛À1 (Eustache de
Saint-Pierre) Ú±˜1 ¤Ê√Ú ˜±Ú≈À˝√√ ¤˝√◊ ˙¬ÛÓ¬ ˘í¬ıÕ˘ ˜±øôL
Ú˝√√í˘º ŒÓ¬›“1 ˚≈øMê ’±øÂ√˘ Œ˚ñ ì¤˝√◊ ¸±·1 Ó¬œ11 [˝√◊—ø˘‰¬
Œ‰¬ÀÚ˘] ¸1n∏ Ú·1‡Ú ¬ıU Œ¬ÛÃ1±øÌfl¡ ’±1n∏ ¬ıU ˜±Ú≈˝√ 1
¬ıø˘√±ÀÚÀ1 ·Ï¬ˇ± ¤fl¡ ‹øÓ¬˚«…˜˚˛ ‰¬˝√√1º ¤øÓ¬˚˛± ˚ø√ ’±ø˜
˝√◊—1±Ê√1 ¸íÀÓ¬ ˚≈XÓ¬ ’ªÓ¬œÌ« ˝√√›“ ŒÓ¬ÀôL ¤˝√◊ ¸≈μ1 ‰¬˝√√1‡Ú
Ò—¸ ˝√í√¬ı Œ¸˝√◊˚˛± øÚø(Ó¬º ’±ø˜ ¤˝√◊ÀȬ± Ú±Ê√±ÀÚ± Œ˚ ’±ø˜

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Ê√˚˛œ ˝√√í˜ ŒÚ Ú˝√√혺 ’±ø˜ Ê√˚˛œ ˝√√íÀ˘› ’±ø˜ ø˚ Œfl¡˝√◊Ê√Ú
¬ı±ø‰¬ Ô±øfl¡˜ Œ¸˝√◊Àfl¡˝√◊Ê√ÀÚ ¤˝√◊ Ú·1‡Ú ¤øÓ¬˚˛±1 √À1 ·øϬˇ
Ó≈¬ø˘¬ı Œ˚ ¬Û±ø1˜ ŒÚ ŒÚ±ª±ø1˜ Œ¸˝√◊˚˛±› ¤fl¡ ø¬ı‰¬±˚« ø¬ı¯∏˚˛º
¤Ó¬¤¬ı ’±ø˜ ˝√◊—À˘G1 1Ê√±˝√◊ ø√˚˛± õ∂ô¶±ª ˜±øÚ Œ˘±ª±˝√◊ Œ|˚˛
˝√í√¬ıºî ¬ÛœÀ˚˛À11 fl¡Ô± qøÚ õ∂ÔÀ˜ ŒÓ¬›“fl¡ ˚≈X1 ˆ¬˚˛Ó¬ ¤ÀÚ
˚≈øMê ø√ÀÂ√ ¬ı≈ø˘ øfl¡Â≈√Àª ’¢∂±˝√√… fl¡ø1À˘, ’Ú… øfl¡Â≈√Àª ŒÓ¬›“1
˜ôL¬ı…fl¡ &1n∏Q ø√¬ı Ú≈‡≈øÊ√À˘º øfl¡c ˘±À˝√√ ˘±À˝√√ Ê√ÚÓ¬±1 øfl¡Â≈√
’—˙˝√◊ ŒÓ¬›“1 fl¡Ô±Ó¬ ¸ijøÓ¬ õ∂fl¡±˙ fl¡ø1¬ıÕ˘ Òø1À˘º ’ªÀ˙¯∏Ó¬
¸fl¡À˘±Àª ŒÓ¬›“1 ¬Ûé¬Ó¬ ¸˜Ô«Ú ø√À˘º Ó¬±1¬Û±‰¬Ó¬ õ∂ùü ˝√√í˘
fl¡±ø˘Õ˘ ¬Û̬ıμœ ø˝√√‰¬±À¬ı Œfl¡±Ú Œfl¡±Ú ˚±¬ı∑ ‰¬Ó¬«˜ÀÓ¬ 6 Ê√Ú
˜±Ú≈˝√ ¬Û̬ıμœ ø˝√√‰¬±À¬ı ˚±¬ı ˘±À·º õ∂ÔÀ˜ ¬ÛœÀ˚˛À1 ˜±Ó¬ ø√À˘ñ
[˜˝√◊ õ∂Ô˜Ê√Ú ¬Û̬ıμœ ˝√í√¬ıÕ˘ ¸±Ê√≈ ’±ÀÂ√“±º] ŒÓ¬›“ Œ√‡≈›ª±
¸±˝√√À¸ ’Ú…Ê√ÚÀfl¡± ’Ú≈õ∂±øÌÓ¬ fl¡ø1À˘º ˘±À˝√√ ˘±À˝√√ ¤Ê√Ú
¤Ê√ÚÕfl¡ fl¡¬ıÕ˘ Òø1À˘ñ [˜˝√◊ ¸±Ê√≈ ’±ÀÂ√“±º] Œ˙¯∏Ó¬ ≈√Ê√Ú
Œ˘±Àfl¡ ¤Àfl¡˘À· ¸±Ê√≈ ’±ÀÂ√“± ¬ı≈ø˘ Œfl¡±ª±Ó¬ ¸—‡…±Ó¬ ¸±Ó¬Ê√Ú
˝√√í˘Õ·º fl¡±˘±˝√◊‰¬1 ¸±Ó¬Ê√Ú ˜±Ú≈˝√ ¤fl¡˘À· ¬ıœ11 √À1 øÔ˚˛
˝√√í˘º õ∂À˚˛±Ê√Ú 6 Ê√Ú1, øfl¡c õ∂dÓ¬ ˝√√í˘ ¸±Ó¬Ê√Úº ¤øÓ¬˚˛±
õ∂ùü ˝√√í˘ Œfl¡±Ú ˝√√í¬ı ¸±Ó¬ Ú•§1, ø˚Ê√Ú ¬Û̬ıμœ1 Ó¬±ø˘fl¡±1
¬Û1± øÚ¶®±ø¯∏Ó¬ ˝√í√¬ıº ŒÓ¬›“À˘±fl¡1 ¬Ûø1˚˛±˘1 ˜±Ú≈˝√ À¬ı±À1
˝√◊øÓ¬˜ÀÒ… fl¡μ±fl¡È¬± ’±1y fl¡ø1ÀÂ√º ¸˜¸…±1 &1n∏Q ¬ı≈øÊ√ ¬ÛœÀ˚˛À1
¤fl¡ ˘È¬±1œ1 ’±À˚˛±Ê√Ú fl¡ø1À˘º ˘È¬±1œÓ¬ ¬ÛœÀ˚˛À1fl¡ ¬ı±√ ø√
¬ı±fl¡œ Â√Ê√Ú1 õ∂ÀÓ¬…fl¡1 Ú±˜ ¬Û̬ıμœ ø˝√√‰¬±À¬ı ˘È¬±1œÓ¬ Î◊¬øͬ˘º
ŒÓ¬øÓ¬˚˛± ¬ÛœÀ˚˛À1 fl¡íÀ˘ñ ì˜À˚˛˝√◊ ˝√◊26± fl¡ø1 ¤ÀÚ fl¡ø1ÀÂ√“±
øfl¡˚˛ÀÚ± õ∂ÔÀ˜ ’±ø˜ ¸±Ê√≈ ’±ÀÂ√“± ¬ı≈ø˘ Δfl¡ÀÂ√“±, ˚ø√› Œ˚øÓ¬˚˛±˝√◊
¤Ê√Ú1 Ú±˜ fl¡Ó¬«Ú1 fl¡Ô± ’±ø˝√√˘ ŒÓ¬øÓ¬˚˛±˝√◊ õ∂øÓ¬Ê√ÀÚ ˝√√˚˛ÀÓ¬±
˜ÀÚ ˜ÀÚ ˆ¬±ø¬ıÀÂ√ øfl¡Ê√±øÚ ˜˝√◊À˚˛˝√◊ Œ¸˝√◊Ê√Úº ˜±Ú≈˝√1 ˜Ú ¬ı1
ø¬ıø‰¬Sº Œ¸À˚˛ ˜˝√◊ ˘È¬±1œ1 fl¡±·Ê√Ó¬ ¤Àfl¡ Î◊¬M√√ 1 ø˘ø‡
1±ø‡øÂ√À˘“±º ¤øÓ¬˚˛± ˜˝√◊ ’Ú≈ˆ¬ª fl¡ø1ÀÂ√“± Œ˚ ’±À¬Û±Ú±À˘±fl¡
¸fl¡À˘±Àª øÚÊ√1 Ê√œªÚ Ó¬…±· fl¡ø1¬ıÕ˘ ¸±Ê√≈ ’±ÀÂ√º ŒÓ¬ÀÚ˝√í√À˘
¬Û≈ª± ’±ø˜ ¸±Ó¬Ê√Ú ¤˝√◊ ͬ±˝√◊ÀÓ¬ ˘· ˝í√√˜ ’±1n∏ ø˚À˚˛˝√◊ ¤Àfl¡¬ı±À1
Œ˙¯∏Ó¬ ’±ø˝√√¬ı ŒÓ¬›“Àfl¡˝√◊ ¬Û̬ıμœ1 ¬Û1± Œ1˝√√±˝√◊ ø√˚˛± ˝√í√¬ıº
ø¬Û‰¬ø√Ú± ¬Û≈ª±˝√◊ øÚø√©Ü ͬ±˝√◊Ó¬ fl¡±˘±˝√◊‰¬1 Ê√ÚÓ¬± Œ·±È¬ ‡±¬ıÕ˘
Òø1À˘º ˝√◊øÓ¬˜ÀÒ… ‰¬Ó¬«˜ÀÓ¬ 6Ê√ÀÚ øάø„√√1 ¬Û1± ˆ¬ø1Õ˘Àfl¡
ø˙fl¡ø˘ ø¬Ûøg ¬Û̬ıμœ1 1+¬ÛÓ¬ õ∂ÔÀ˜˝√◊ øÚø√©Ü fl¡ø1 ŒÔ±ª±
ͬ±˝√◊Ó¬ Î◊¬¬Ûø¶öÓ¬ ˝√√í˘ø˝√√º øfl¡c 1±˝√◊ÀÊ√ ’±˙± fl¡1± ˜ÀÓ¬ ¬ÛœÀ˚˛À1
ŒÓ¬øÓ¬˚˛±› Î◊¬¬Ûø¶öÓ¬ Œ˝√√±ª±ø˝√√ Ú±˝√◊º ŒÓ¬›“À˘±fl¡1 ø˝√√‰¬±¬ıÓ¬ ¬ÛœÀ˚˛À1
õ∂Ô˜Ê√Ú ˜±Ú≈˝√ ˝√í√¬ı ˘±ø·øÂ√˘º ¸fl¡À˘±À1 ˜ÚÓ¬ ¸Àμ˝√√ ˝√√í˘
ø¬ı–^– Œ√˙Àõ∂À˜À1 Î◊¬¡Z≈X ¤˝√◊ ø¬ı1˘ fl¡±˘±˝√◊‰¬ ‰¬˝√√11 fl¡±ø˝√√Úœ ø¬ıøˆ¬iß 1+¬ÛÓ¬ Œ¬Û±ª± ˚±˚˛º
[˝√◊À˘"™√øÚfl¡ ˜±Ò…˜1 ¸˝√√±˚˛ Δ˘]º
32
Œ˚ñ ¤˝√˚◊ ±˛ øÚ(˚˛ ¬ÛœÀ˚˛À11 ¬ı≈øXº ’ªÀ˙¯∏Ó¬ ŒÓ¬›“ ¸fl¡À˘±Àfl¡
ͬø·À˘º ¬ÛœÀ˚˛À1 ¤fl¡ ˆ¬G, ˆ¬œ1n∏ ˜±Ú≈˝√ ¬ı≈ø˘ ŒÓ¬›“À˘±Àfl¡
˜ôL¬ı… fl¡ø1¬ıÕ˘ Òø1À˘º ¬ÛœÀ˚˛À11 ›¬Û1Ó¬ 1±˝√◊Ê√1 ˆ¬œ¯∏Ì ‡—
Î◊¬øͬ˘º ¸fl¡À˘±Àª ¤Àfl¡˜≈À‡ fl¡¬ıÕ˘ Òø1À˘ ’±ø˜ õ∂ÔÀ˜
¬ÛœÀ˚˛À11 ‚1Õ˘ ˚±›“, ŒÓ¬›“ ¤˝√◊ õ∂Ó¬±1̱1 Î◊¬M√√1 ø√¬ı ˘±ø·¬ıº
Ó¬±1¬Û±‰¬Ó¬ ’±˜±1 ¬ı±fl¡œ Â√Ê√Ú ¬ıœ1 ’±R¸˜¬Û«Ú fl¡ø1¬ıÕ˘
’±·¬ı±øϬˇ¬ıº fl¡±˘±˝√◊‰¬1 1±˝√◊Ê√ Δ· ¬ÛœÀ˚˛À11 ‚1 ¬Û±À˘Õ·º
Œ¸˝√◊¸˜˚˛Ó¬ ¬ÛœÀ˚˛À11 Œ√Î◊¬Ó¬±Àfl¡ ¤È¬± fl¡øÙ¬Ú ‚11 øˆ¬Ó¬11
¬Û1± Î◊¬ø˘˚˛±˝√◊ ’±øÚÀÂ√º ŒÓ¬À‡ÀÓ¬ 1±˝√◊Ê√fl¡ fl¡øÙ¬ÚÀȬ± Œ√‡≈ª±˝√◊
fl¡íÀ˘ [¤˝√◊˚˛± Œ˜±1 ˘í1± ’±1n∏ ø¸ ˜‘Ó≈¬…¬ı1Ì fl¡1±1 ’±·ÀÓ¬
’±À¬Û±Ú±À˘±fl¡1 ¬ı±À¬ı ¤fl¡ ¬ı±Ó¬«± ø√ Δ·ÀÂ√ñ I ‘m going on
ahead, may six not fail to follow. With those words
he died. " ¬ÛœÀ˚˛À11 Œ√Î◊¬Ó¬±fl¡1 ˜≈‡Ó¬ ¤˝√◊ fl¡Ô± qøÚ
fl¡±˘±˝√◊‰¬1 Ê√ÚÓ¬±˝√◊ Ó¬˘˜”1 fl¡ø1À˘º ¬ıUÀÓ¬ ¬ÛœÀ˚˛À1fl¡ Œ√±¯∏œ
¸ÀÊ√±ª±1 ¬ı±À¬ı øÚÊ√Àfl¡ øÒ!¡±1 ø√À˘º Œ‰¬˝√◊KI◊ ¬ÛœÀ˚˛À11 ¤˝√◊
˜‘Ó≈¬…Àª ¬ı±fl¡œ 6Ê√Ú1 ˜ÚÓ¬ ˆ¬˚˛ ’±1n∏ ¸Àμ˝√√1 ˆ¬±ª ŒÚ±À˝√√±ª±
fl¡ø1À˘º ˘·ÀÓ¬ ˜‘Ó≈¬… ˆ¬˚˛ Ê√˚˛ fl¡1±1 ¸±˝√√¸ ŒÓ¬›“À˘±fl¡1 ˜ÚÓ¬
Î◊¬√˚˛ ˝√√í˘º ˝√◊˚˛±1 ¬Û±‰¬Ó¬ Œfl¡±ÀÚ› ø¬Û‰¬Õ˘ Œ˝√√±À˝√√“±fl¡±1 õ∂ùü˝√◊
Ú±ø˝√√˘º ’ôLÓ¬– fl¡±À1± ˜ÚÕ˘ ¤Àfl¡¬ı±À1 Œ˙¯∏Ó¬ Î◊¬¬Ûø¶öÓ¬ Δ˝√√
¬Û̬ıμœ Ó¬±ø˘fl¡±1 ¬Û1± øÚÊ√1 Ú±˜ fl¡Ó¬«Ú1 fl¡Ô± ˆ¬±ø¬ı¬ıÕ˘
’ªfl¡±˙ ŒÚ±À˝√√±ª± ˝√√í˘º Â√Ê√Ú ¬Û̬ıμœÀ˚˛ Ó¬…±·1 Œ·Ã1ÀªÀ1
Œ·Ã1±ø•§Ó¬ ˝√√í¬ıÕ˘ ˝√√“±ø˝√√˜≈À‡ ’±·¬ı±øϬˇ ˚±¬ıÕ˘ ¸±˝√√¸ ¬Û±À˘
’±1n∏ ˜ÚÓ¬ Œfl¡±ÀÚ± ˙—fl¡± ŒÚ±À˝√√±ª±Õfl¡ fl¡±˘±˝√◊‰¬1 1±Ê√¬ÛÀÔø√
Ê√ÚÓ¬±1 ˜±ÀÊ√À1 ¬ıœ11 √À1 ˚±S± fl¡ø1¬ıÕ˘ Òø1À˘º é¬ÀôLfl¡ÀÓ¬
¤˝√◊ ‚Ȭڱ Ùˬ±k ’±1n∏ ˝√◊—À˘G1 1Ê√±1 fl¡±ÌÀÓ¬± ¬Ûø1À˘Õ·º
Œ˚øÓ¬˚˛± ˝√◊—À˘G1 1Ê√±˝√◊ ¬ÛœÀ˚˛À11 Ê√œªÚ ¬ıø˘√±Ú1 fl¡±ø˝√√Úœ
qøÚÀ˘ ŒÓ¬øÓ¬˚˛± ŒÓ¬›“ ¬ÛœÀ˚˛À11 õ∂øÓ¬ ¸ij±Ú Ê√Ú±¬ıÕ˘ øÚÀÊ√˝√◊
fl¡±˘±˝√◊‰¬ ‰¬˝√√1Õ˘ ’±ø˝√√˘ ’±1n∏ Œ‚±¯∏̱ fl¡ø1À˘ Œ˚ñ ìfl¡±˘±˝√◊‰¬
‰¬˝√√1 ˜≈øMê1 ¬ı±À¬ı ø˚ ¬Û̬ıμœ1 ‰¬Ó¬« 1±ø‡øÂ√˘ Œ¸˝√◊˚˛± ŒÓ¬›“
Î◊¬Í¬±˝√◊ ˘íÀ˘ ’±1n∏ fl¡±˘±˝√◊‰¬ ‰¬˝√√1fl¡ ¤˝√◊ ˜”˝√”Ó¬«ÀÓ¬ ˜≈Mê fl¡ø1À˘“±ºî
¤fl¡ ¸» ’±1n∏ ˜˝√√±Ú ’±R±1 Ó¬…±·1 ¬ı±À¬ı fl¡±˘±˝√◊‰¬ ‰¬˝√√1 ’é¬Ó¬
’ª¶ö±Ó¬ 1í˘º ˚≈X1 √À1 ø¬ıˆ¬œø¯∏fl¡±˜˚˛ ¬Ûø1À¬ı˙ ˘·ÀÓ¬ ¬ıU
˜±Ú≈˝√1 Ê√œªÚ 1鬱 ¬Ûø1˘º fl¡±˘±˝√◊‰¬ ‰¬˝√√11 ˜±Ê√Ó¬ øÚÊ√Àfl¡
¬ıø˘√±Ú ø√¬ıÕ˘ ›À˘±ª± 6Ê√ÚÀ˘±fl¡1 ¬ıË?1 ˜”øM√√ « ’±øÊ√›
øÊ√ø˘øfl¡ ’±ÀÂ√º ¬ÛœÀ˚˛À1, ŒÓ¬›“1 ˜˝√√±Ú ’±1n∏ ø¬ı1˘ Ó¬…±·1
fl¡±ø˝√√Úœ1 Œfl¡±ÀÚ±ø√Ú ˜‘Ó≈¬… Ú˝√í√¬ıº fl¡±˘±˝√◊‰¬1 Ê√ÚÓ¬±1 ˝√√+√˚˛Ó¬
Œ‰¬˝√◊KI◊ ¬ÛœÀ˚˛À1 ’±øÊ√› Ê√œøªÓ¬º
 ø˙鬱1 ˜±Ò…˜ ’±1n∏ Œfl¡Ó¬À¬ı±1
’±Ú≈¯∏—ø·fl¡ fl¡Ô±
√œ¬ÛÀÊ√…±øÓ¬ ¬ı1±, Ê√±˜«±Úœ
ŒÙ¬±Ú Ú— – Ÿ¬4917631599751

˜±Ê√ÀÓ¬ ’¸˜Ó¬ ø˙鬱1 ˜±Ò…˜ ¸•Ûfl¡«œ˚˛ ‰¬1fl¡±1œ Œ‚±¯∏̱
¤È¬±1 ø¬ÛÂ√Ó¬ ¸±˜±øÊ√fl¡ ˜±Ò…˜Ó¬ ¸¬ÛÀé¬ ¬ı± ø¬ı¬ÛÀé¬ ˚ÀÔ©Ü
’±À˘±‰¬Ú± Œ˝√√±ª± Œ√‡± ·í˘º ¤˝√◊ø‡øÚÀÓ¬ ’±ø˜› ’±˜±1 øfl¡Â≈√
ø‰¬ôL± ’±·¬ıÀϬˇ±ª±1 õ∂˚˛±¸ fl¡ø1ÀÂ√“±º Œ·±ÀȬ˝√◊ ø¬ı¯∏˚˛ÀȬ± ¸±˜ø1¬ıÕ˘
’±1n∏ ¬ıU fl¡Ô±1 ’±À˘±‰¬Ú± fl¡ø1¬ı˘·œ˚˛± ˝√√í¬ı ¬Û±À1º Ó¬Ô±ø¬Û›
Ó¬˘1 ‰¬±ø1Ȭ± ˜”˘ fl¡Ô±1 ˜±Ò…À˜À1˝√◊ Œ˜±1 ¬ı…øMê·Ó¬ ˜Ó¬±˜Ó¬
õ∂fl¡±˙1 Œ‰¬©Ü± fl¡ø1ÀÂ√“±º
1º ø˙鬱1 ˜±Ò…˜ ¬ıÚ±˜ ø˙é¬Ì ¬ÛXøÓ¬– ¬ıÓ¬«˜±Ú1
¬Ûø1ø¶öøÓ¬Ó¬ ¸±˜øÊ√fl¡ ˜±Ò…˜1 ˜Ó¬±˜Ó¬ ¸˜”˝√ ˘é¬… fl¡1±1 ø¬ÛÂ√Ó¬
’±˜±1 ¸±˜ø¢∂fl¡ ø‰¬ôL±1 ¤fl¡ ά±„√√1 ø¬ı¸—·øÓ¬ ‰¬fl¡≈Ó¬ ¬Ûø1ÀÂ√º
Œ¸˝√◊ÀȬ± Δ˝√√ÀÂ√ ø˙鬱1 ˜±Ò…˜ ’±1n∏ ø˙é¬Ì ¬ÛXøÓ¬1 ˜±Ê√1
Œ‡ø˘À˜ø˘ (method of teaching and medium of
teaching)º ’±ø˜ ¬ıUÀÓ¬˝√◊ ≈√˝√◊Ȭ±Àfl¡ ¤Àfl¡˝√◊ ¬ı≈ø˘ ˆ¬±ø¬ı ’±ÀÂ√“±º
˜˝√◊ øÚÀÊ√˝√◊ ø¬ı√˙Ó¬ ø¬ıÀ√˙œ ˆ¬±¯∏± ø˙øfl¡ fl¡±˜ fl¡ø1 ’±ÀÂ√“±º
’±Ú ¬ıUÀÓ¬± ˜±Ú≈˝√ Œ√ø‡ÀÂ√“± ø˚¸fl¡˘ ¬Û‘øÔªœ1 ø¬ıøˆ¬iß ŒÊ√·±1
¬Û1± ’±ø˝√√ÀÂ√ ’±1n∏ Œ˝√√±ÀȬ˘1 ¸˝√√±˚˛fl¡±1œ, ø˜¶aœ1 ¬Û1±
Δ¬ı:±øÚfl¡Õ˘Àfl¡ ø¬ıøˆ¬iß ¬Û˚«±˚˛Ó¬ fl¡±˜ fl¡ø1 ’±ÀÂ√º ’±‰¬˘ÀÓ¬
ˆ¬±¯∏± ¤È¬± ø˙øfl¡¬ıÕ˘ øÓ¬øÚ ¬ıÂ√1 ¬Û˚«±5 ¸˜˚˛º Â√˚˛ ¬ıÂ√1 ¶≥®˘Ó¬
¬ÛøϬˇ ˝√◊—1±Ê√œ ÚÊ√Ú±ÀȬ± ’±˜±1 ø˙鬱 ¬ÛXøÓ¬1 ˆ≈¬˘º ¤Àfl¡
¬ÛXøÓ¬ÀÓ¬ õ∂Ô˜ Œ|Ìœ1 ¬Û1± ¬ÛϬˇ±À˘› ŒÚ±ª±ø1¬ıº
¬ıÓ¬«˜±Ú ø˚¸fl¡À˘ ˝√√±˚˛±1 Œ‰¬Àfl¡ÀG1œ ¬ı± ‰¬±fl¡ø11 ¬Û˚«±˚˛Ó¬
˝√◊—1±Ê√œ ÚÊ√Ú±1 fl¡±1ÀÌ ’¸≈ø¬ıÒ± ¬Û±˝√◊ÀÂ√, ŒÓ¬›“À˘±Àfl¡ ¤Àfl¡˝√◊
¬ÛXøÓ¬ÀÓ¬ ’±1yøÌÀÓ¬˝√◊ ˚ø√ ’¸≈ø¬ıÒ± ¬Û±˝√◊ øfl¡ ˝√√í¬ı∑ ŒÓ¬›“À˘±Àfl¡
Œ√À‡±Ú ’±¬ÛøM√√ fl¡1±1 ¬Û˚«±˚˛ÀȬ±Àª˝√◊ Ú±¬Û±¬ıÕ·º ¢∂±˜…±=˘1
¬ıU ˘í1±-ÀÂ√±ª±˘œÀ˚˛ ’¸≈ø¬ıÒ± ¬Û±˝√◊ ’±1yøÌÀÓ¬˝√◊ ·øÌÓ¬ ’±1n∏
ø¬ı:±Ú1 õ∂øÓ¬ ’Úœ˝√√± ’Ú≈ˆ¬ª fl¡1±1 ¸y±ªÚ±› ¬ıUÓ¬º
¤˝√◊ Œé¬SÓ¬ õ∂ùü Î◊¬Àͬ ’±˜±1 ›‰¬1Ó¬ øfl¡¬ı± √œ‚˘œ˚˛±
¸˜˚˛1 ¬ı±À¬ı fl¡1± ¸˜œé¬± ’±1n∏ ·Àª¯∏̱ ’±ÀÂ√ ŒÚøfl¡ ≈√˝√◊
˜±Ò…˜1 Â√±S-Â√±Sœ1 ˆ¬øª¯∏…Ó¬ ¬Ûø1S꘱1 ›¬Û1Ó¬∑ ˝√◊—1±Ê√œ
˜±Ò…˜1 øfl¡˜±Ú ˙Ó¬±—˙ Â√±S-Â√±Sœ ¬ıÓ¬«˜±Ú1 ˜±¬Ûfl¡±øͬÀ1 ¸Ù¬˘

33
˝√√˚˛Õ·∑ ¤ÀÚ ¬ı…ª¶ö±Ó¬ ’øˆ¬ˆ¬±ªfl¡1 ˚P, ’±øÔ«fl¡ ’ª¶ö±, ¶≥®˘1
’ôL–·±Í¬øÚ1 õ∂ˆ¬±ª1 ø¬ı¬Û1œÀÓ¬ ˜±Ò…˜1 õ∂ˆ¬±ª1 Ó≈¬˘Ú±Rfl¡
’Ò…˚˛Ú fl¡1± Δ˝√√ÀÂ√ ŒÚøfl¡∑
¤È¬± ˜Ú fl¡ø1¬ı˘·œ˚˛± fl¡Ô± Δ˝√√ÀÂ√ ’±ø˜ Ê√±ÀÚ± ŒÚ ¬ı±1n∏
’±ø˜ øfl¡ Ú±Ê√±ÀÚ±∑ ’±ø˜ ¬ıÓ¬«˜±Ú ˝√◊—1±Ê√œ ˜±Ò…˜1 ’±¬Û±Ó¬Ó¬–
¸Ù¬˘Ó¬± Œ√ø‡ ’±ÀÂ√“±º øfl¡c ˚ø√ άÚ-¬ı¶®í ¬ı± ’±Ú fl¡ÚÀˆ¬∞I◊1
√À1 ¸±-¸≈ø¬ıÒ± ’±1n∏ ˚ÀPÀ1 ’¸˜œ˚˛± ¬ı± ˜±Ó‘¬ˆ¬±¯∏±Ó¬ ø˙鬱
ø√˚˛± ˝√√˚˛ ŒÓ¬øÓ¬˚˛± Ó¬±ÀÓ¬±Õfl¡ ˆ¬±˘ ˝√√í¬ı ¬Û±À1 ŒÚøfl¡∑ ’¸˜
Ê√±Ó¬œ˚˛ ø¬ı√…±˘À˚˛ øfl¡c ŒÓ¬ÀÚ ˝√◊—ø·ÀÓ¬˝√◊ ø√À˚˛º ·øÓ¬Àfl¡ ¤˝√◊
Œé¬SÓ¬ ¸˜¸…± ¬Û”Ì« ø˙鬱 ¬ı…ª¶ö± ¤È¬± ˜±Ò…˜ ¸˘øÚ fl¡ø1 qX
fl¡ø1¬ı ¬Û1± ˚±¬ı Ê√±ÀÚ±∑ ·øÓ¬Àfl¡ õ∂ÔÀ˜ ‰¬1fl¡±1fl¡ ¤˝√◊ ¸˜¸…±
”√1 fl¡ø1¬ıÕ˘ √±¬ıœ fl¡1±ÀȬ± õ∂Ô˜ fl¡±˜ ˝√√í¬ı Ú±˘±ø·¬ı Ê√±ÀÚ±∑
¤˝√◊ Œé¬SÓ¬ ’±ø˜ Œfl¡±ÚÀ¬ı±1 ø¬ı¯∏˚˛ &1n∏Q¬Û”Ì« ¬ı≈ø˘ ·Ì… fl¡1±
¸øͬfl¡∑
’±‰¬˘ÀÓ¬ ¸ø√26± Ô±øfl¡À˘ “Scientific English” ¬ı±
“Business English” Ê√±Ó¬œ˚˛ øÓ¬øÚ ˜˝√√œ˚˛± ¬Û±Í¬…Sê˜ ¤È¬±À1˝√◊
ø˙鬱1 Œé¬SÓ¬ ’¸≈ø¬ıÒ± Œ¬Û±ª± Â√±S-Â√±Sœfl¡ ¸é¬˜ fl¡ø1 ˘í¬ı
¬Û±ø1º ’±1n∏ ¤È¬± ά±„√√1 ¸˜¸…± Δ˝√√ÀÂ√ ø‰¬ôL± ’±1n∏ Ò±1̱1
Œ˜Ãø˘fl¡Ó¬±º ¤È¬± ø¬ıÀ√˙œ ˆ¬±¯∏± ë˝√◊—1±Ê√œí ø˙øfl¡ ’±ø˜ øÚÀ√«˙Ú±
(instructions) ˘í¬ı ¬Û±ø1˜ ¬ı± ¬ÛXøÓ¬·Ó¬ ˆ¬±À¬ı fl¡±˜ fl¡ø1¬ı
¬Û±ø1˜º øfl¡c √±˙«øÚfl¡, Œ˜Ãø˘fl¡ ’±1n∏ ’øÓ¬ ·ˆ¬œ1 ¬Û˚«±˚˛Ó¬
ø‰¬ôL± fl¡ø1¬ı ¬Û±ø1¬ıÕ˘ ¤È¬± ˆ¬±¯∏±1 ˜±Ê√Ó¬ Ê√œ˚˛±˝√◊ Ôfl¡±ÀȬ±
õ∂À˚˛±Ê√Úœ˚˛º Œfl¡ª˘ ¶≥®˘Ó¬ ø˙øfl¡¬ı ŒÚ±ª±ø1º Œ¸˝√◊ ø√˙Ó¬ ’±ø˜
¸√±˚˛ ø¬ÛÂ√ ¬Ûø1 Ô±øfl¡˜º ¤È¬± ˆ¬±¯∏±1 ¸≈ѱøÓ¬¸”Ñ fl¡Ô±À¬ı±1
’Ú≈Ò±ªÚ fl¡ø1¬ıÕ˘ ˝√√íÀ˘ Œ¸˝√◊ ˆ¬±¯∏±1 Ô˘≈ª± ¬Ûø1À¬ı˙Ó¬ Ê√œªÚ
˚±¬ÛÚ fl¡1±1 √1fl¡±1º Œfl¡ª˘ ø˙é¬Ì ¬ı± øÚÀ√«˙Ú±1 ˜±Ò…À˜À1
Ó¬±fl¡ ’±˝√√1Ì fl¡1± ¸1˝√√ ¸—‡…fl¡1 fl¡±1ÀÌ ¸yª Ú˝√√˚˛º ø√Ú1
ø√ÚÀȬ± ˝√◊—1±Ê√œ ˜±Ò…˜1 ø¬ı√…±˘˚˛Ó¬ fl¡ÀȬ±ª± Â√±S ¤Ê√Ú1
˝√◊—1±Ê√œ1 ¸”ÑÒ±1̱ ¸˜”˝√ ¤Ê√Ú ˝√◊—1±Ê√ ¬ı± ’±À˜ø1fl¡±Ú ø˙q1
Ó≈¬˘Ú±Ó¬ øfl¡˜±Ú øÚÊ√¶§ ¬ı± “native”∑ ˝√√˚˛ÀÓ¬± ¤ÀÚ Ò±1̱1
’·ˆ¬œ1Ó¬± ’±˜±1 Œ√˙1 ¸‘ø©Ü˙œ˘Ó¬± ¬ı± Î◊¬æ√±ªÚœ 鬘Ӭ±1
¸œ˜±¬ıXÓ¬±1 ¤È¬± fl¡±1̺
2º ˝√◊—1±Ê√œ1 ˆ¬±¯∏±1 ›¬Û1Ó¬ ’Ó¬…±øÒfl¡ &1n∏Q±À1±¬ÛÌ1
¸˜¸…±– Ó¬Ô…˝√ ◊ Œ√ ‡ ≈ ª ±˝√ ◊ Œ˚ ’±˜±1 Œ√ ˙ 1 õ∂±˚˛ 10
˙Ó¬±—˙Ó¬Õfl¡› fl¡˜ ˜±Ú≈À˝√√À˝√√ ˝√◊—1±Ê√œ fl¡í¬ıÕ˘ ¸é¬˜º Ó¬Ô±ø¬Û›
˝√◊—1±Ê√œ ˆ¬±¯∏±1 ›¬Û1Ó¬ õ∂À˚˛±Ê√Ú±øÒfl¡ &1n∏Q õ∂√±Ú fl¡ø1 ŒÎ¬Î¬ˇ
ø¬ıø˘˚˛Ú ˜±Ú≈˝√1 Œ√˙Ó¬ Ú·Ì… ¸—‡…fl¡ Œ˘±fl¡1 fl¡±1ÀÌ fl¡íȬ«
fl¡±Â√±1œ1 ¬Û1± ’±1y fl¡ø1 ø¬ı:±ÚÕ˘Àfl¡ ø¬ıøˆ¬iß Œé¬SÓ¬
¶§±ÒœÚÓ¬±1 ø¬ÛÂ√1 ¬Û1±˝√◊ ·ø1ᬠ¸—‡…fl¡ Œ˘±fl¡fl¡ fl¡©Ü ˆ≈¬ø·¬ıÕ˘
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¬ı±Ò… fl¡1± Δ˝√√ÀÂ√º
Ó≈¬˘Ú± fl¡ø1À˘ ·˜ Œ¬Û±ª± ˚±˚˛ Œ˚ ø˚ Œfl¡˝√◊‡Ú 1±Ê√…Ó¬
˜±Ó‘¬ˆ¬±¯∏±Ó¬ ø˙鬱 ˘±ˆ¬1 ¸≈À˚±· Œ¬ıøÂ√ ’±1n∏ ˚±1 ˜±Ó‘¬ˆ¬±¯∏±1
¸˜˘ Œ¬ıøÂ√ Œ¸˝√◊¸fl¡˘ ’±ÚÓ¬Õfl¡ ’±·¬ıϬˇ±º Î◊¬M√√1-¬Û”¬ı1 ¸1˝√√ˆ¬±·
Ê√ÚÀ·±á¬œ ˝√◊—1±Ê√œ ˜±Ò…˜Ó¬ ø˙øé¬Ó¬ Δ˝√√À˚˛± ø¬ÛÂ√ ¬Ûø1 Ôfl¡±1 ˝√◊
¤È¬± ά±„√√1 fl¡±1̺ ’±Ú fl¡±1Ì1 ˘·Ó¬ ˝√√í¬ı ¬Û±À1º ¤Àfl¡Ò1Ì1
fl¡Ô± ¸˜¢∂ ø¬ıù´ÀÓ¬ Œ√‡± Œ¬Û±ª± ˚±˚˛º ’¸˜ÀÓ¬± ø¬ıøˆ¬iß
Ê√ÚÊ√±Ó¬œ˚˛ Œ˘±fl¡ ø¬ÛÂ√ ¬Û1±1 ˝√◊ ¤È¬± ά±„√√1 fl¡±1̺ ·øÓ¬Àfl¡
˜±Ó‘¬ˆ¬±¯∏± ¬ı± Ó¬±1 ›‰¬11 ¤È¬± ˆ¬±¯∏±Ó¬ ø˙鬱 ˘±ˆ¬ fl¡ø1¬ı ¬Û±ø1À˘
ˆ¬±˘º Œ¸À˚˛À˝√√ ˝√√˚˛ÀÓ¬± ø¬ıøˆ¬iß ¸—¶ö±, Œ√˙-ø¬ıÀ√˙1 ·Àª¯∏̱
õ∂øÓ¬á¬±Ú ’±ø√À˚˛ ˜±Ó‘¬ˆ¬±¯∏±Ó¬ ø˙鬱 ø√˚˛±Ó¬ &1n∏Q õ∂√±Ú fl¡ø1ÀÂ√º
¤˝√◊ø‡øÚÀÓ¬ ≈√Ȭ±˜±Ú fl¡Ô± ˜Ú fl¡ø1¬ı˘·œ˚˛± –
[fl¡] ¸—À˚±Ê√fl¡ ˆ¬±¯∏± ¬ı± ø˘—&ª± Ùˬ±—fl¡± ’±1n∏ õ∂±Ôø˜fl¡
˜±Ò…˜ ≈√Ȭ± Œ¬ıÀ˘· ¬ıdº ˝√◊—1±Ê√œ ø¬ıù´1 ¸—À˚±Ê√fl¡ ˆ¬±¯∏± ¬ı≈ø˘
Œfl¡±ª± ˚≈øMêÀ1 ’¸˜Ó¬ ˝√◊—1±Ê√œÓ¬À˝√√ ø˙鬱 ø√¬ı ˘±À· Ò1Ì1
ø‰¬ôL± fl¡ø1¬ıÕ˘ ˝√√íÀ˘ Œ·±ÀȬ˝√◊ ¬Û‘øÔªœÀÓ¬ ≈√Ȭ± ¬ı± øÓ¬øÚȬ± ˆ¬±¯∏±
‰¬ø˘À˘› ˝√√˚˛º ’Ô¬ı± Œ·±ÀȬ˝√◊ ˆ¬±1Ó¬ÀÓ¬ ø˝√√μœ ‰¬˘±À˘› ˝√√í¬ıº
’±Ú˝√√±ÀÓ¬ ¤Àfl¡√À1 Î◊¬M√√1 ¬Û”ªÓ¬ ’¸˜œ˚˛± ˆ¬±¯∏±› ø˘—&ª±
Ùˬ±—fl¡± ¬ı≈ø˘ Òø1¬ı ¬Û±ø1º
[‡] ¸—À˚±Ê√fl¡ ˆ¬±¯∏± ’±1n∏ õ∂±Ôø˜fl¡ ˆ¬±¯∏±1 Œé¬SÓ¬
¬Û±1√ø˙«Ó¬±1 õ∂À˚˛±Ê√Úœ˚˛Ó¬± Œ¬ıÀ˘·º Î◊¬√±˝√√1̶§1+À¬Û √øé¬Ì
ˆ¬±1Ó¬Ó¬ ˝√◊—1±Ê√œÓ¬ fl¡±˜ ‰¬˘±¬ı ¬Û±ø1À˘› ¬Û±1√ø˙«Ó¬± fl¡˜º
¸fl¡À˘±Àª ˝√◊—1±Ê√œ Ê√±ÀÚ ¬ı≈ø˘ ˆ¬¬ı±ÀȬ± ¤È¬± ëëø˜Ôíí ¬ı± ˆ≈¬˘
Ò±1̱º Œ˘‡±1 ˘·Ó¬ ¸—À˚±øÊ√Ó¬ Œ˜¬Û‡Ú ‰¬±À˘˝√◊ ¤˝√◊ fl¡Ô±
¬ı≈øÊ√¬ı ¬Û±ø1º
[·] ¤Àfl¡√À1 ’¸˜Ó¬ ¬ıÀάˇ± ¬ı± fl¡±ø¬ı« ˆ¬±¯∏œ ¬ıU ˜±Ú≈˝√1
fl¡±1ÀÌ ’¸˜œ˚˛± Œ˚±·±À˚±·1 ˆ¬±¯∏± ˝√√íÀ˘› ¸1˝√√ˆ¬±·1
¬Û±1√ø˙«Ó¬± fl¡˜º ø˚¸fl¡À˘ ¬Û±1√ø˙«Ó¬± ’Ê√«Ú fl¡À1 ŒÓ¬›“À˘±fl¡
˜”˘ÀÓ¬ ’¸˜œ˚˛± ˆ¬±¯∏± õ∂‰¬ø˘Ó¬ ’=˘Ó¬ ¬ı±¸ fl¡À1º
[‚] ø˙q ¤È¬±˝√◊ ˆ¬±¯∏± ¤È¬± ø˙Àfl¡“±ÀÓ¬ ˙s±Ô« ’±1n∏
¬ı…±fl¡1ÌÓ¬Õfl¡ Œ¬ıøÂ√ ¬Ûø1À¬ı˙1 ¬Û1± ø˙Àfl¡º ’¸˜œ˚˛± ˆ¬±¯∏œ ˜±Ú≈˝√
¤Ê√ÀÚ 1Àfl¡È¬ ‰¬±˝√◊= Ú±Ê√±øÚÀ˘› 1Àfl¡È¬1 ø¬ı¯∏À˚˛ ¤‡Ú øfl¡Ó¬±¬Û
¬ÛøϬˇ ¤È¬± Ò±1̱ fl¡ø1¬ıÕ˘ ¸é¬˜º ø˚ÀȬ± ’±Ú ˆ¬±¯∏±Ó¬ ¸˝√√ÀÊ√
¸yª Ú˝√√˚˛º ¤È¬± ˆ¬±¯∏±Ó¬ ¤ÀÚfl¡≈ª± ¸˜˘ ’±1n∏ Ò±1̱À¬ı±1
ø˚˜±ÀÚ˝√◊ Œ¬ıøÂ√ ˝√√˚˛ ø¸˜±ÀÚ˝√◊ Œ¸˝√◊ ˆ¬±¯∏± Œfl¡±ª± Œ˘±fl¡¸fl¡˘1
ø‰¬ôL±1 ¬Ûø1øÒ ¬ı˝√√˘ ˝√√˚˛º ¤ÀÚ Œé¬SÓ¬ ø√Ú 1±øÓ¬ ˝√◊—1±Ê√œ
¶≥®˘Ó¬ ¬ÛϬˇ± ’±˜±1 ˘í1±-ÀÂ√±ª±˘œ1 ’±1n∏ ’±‰¬˘ ˝√◊—1±Ê√œ ˆ¬±¯∏±
Œfl¡±ª± ˘í1±-ÀÂ√±ª±˘œ1 ¤È¬± ¬Û±Ô«fl¡… ’±ø˝√√ ¬ÛÀ1º ø˚À¬ı±1 ‚1n∏ª±
¬Ûø1À¬ı˙Ó¬ ¤ÀÚ ¸≈ø¬ıÒ± ’±˘À¬Û± Ú±˝√◊, ŒÓ¬›“À˘±fl¡1 ’±1n∏ ø¬ı¬Û√
˝√í¬ıº øÚÀÊ√ ø¬ıÀ√˙Ó¬ Ô±øfl¡ ø¬ıøˆ¬iß ˆ¬±¯∏œ Œ˘±fl¡1 ¸—¶Û˙«Õ˘
’±ø˝√√ Œ¬Û±ª± ’øˆ¬:Ó¬±1 ¬Û1± Œ˜±1 ¤À˚˛ Ò±1̱ Δ˝√√ÀÂ√º
[„√√] Î◊¬M√√1 ¬Û”ª1 1±Ê√… ¸˜”˝√Õ˘Àfl¡ ˜Ú fl¡ø1À˘› ¤È¬±
fl¡Ô± ‰¬fl¡≈Ó¬ ¬ÛÀ1º ¸1˝√√ ˆ¬±À·˝√◊ øÚÊ√± ˆ¬±¯∏±Ó¬ ø˙鬱 ˘±ˆ¬
fl¡ø1¬ı ŒÚ±ª±À1º øÚÊ√1 ˆ¬±¯∏±À¬ı±1Ó¬ ø¬ıÀ˙¯∏ ¸˜˘ Ú±˝√◊ ¬ı≈ø˘¬ı˝√◊
¬Û±ø1º ˝√◊—1±Ê√œ ‰¬˘±˝√◊ ’±ÀÂ√ ˚ø√› ŒÓ¬›“À˘±fl¡1 ˜±Ó‘¬ˆ¬±¯∏± Ú˝√√˚˛
fl¡±1ÀÌ ŒÓ¬›“À˘±fl¡ Ó≈¬˘Ú±˜”˘fl¡ˆ¬±Àª ø¬ÛÂ√¬Û1±º Ó¬±Ó¬Õfl¡ ’¸˜œ˚˛±
ˆ¬±¯∏± ’˘¬Û ’±·¬ıϬˇ±º ’±Ú˝√√±ÀÓ¬ ¬ı±—˘± ˆ¬±¯∏±1 ¸˜˘ ’±1n∏
Œ¬ıøÂ√º √øé¬Ì ˆ¬±1Ó¬1 ˆ¬±¯∏±À¬ı±1 ˙øMê˙±˘œº Œ¸À˚˛ øÚÊ√1
ˆ¬±¯∏±Ó¬ ¬ıUÓ¬ ·ˆ¬œ1Õ˘Àfl¡ ø‰¬ôL± fl¡1± ¸yªº ¸‘ø©Ü˙œ˘, √±˙«øÚfl¡
¬ı± õ∂˚≈øMê·Ó¬ ø¬ıfl¡±˙1 fl¡±1ÀÌ õ∂±Ôø˜fl¡ Ò±1̱¸˜”˝√ ˙øMê˙±˘œ
Œ˝√√±ª±ÀȬ± ˚ÀÔ©Ü &1n∏Q¬Û”Ì«º
3º ’±fl¡±—øé¬Ó¬ ‡±√…, ’±fl¡±—øé¬Ó¬ ¸±Ê√-À¬Û±‰¬±fl¡,
’±fl¡±—øé¬Ó¬ ˆ¬±¯∏± ’±1n∏ ˝√◊1Ù¬±Ú ‡±Ú1 English Medium
Ú±˜1 ø‰¬ÀÚ˜±‡Ú– ’±fl¡±—鬱 ¬ı± aspiration ˜±Ú≈˝√1 ¸˝√√Ê√±Ó¬
’Ú≈ˆ¬ªÀ¬ı±11 ¤È¬±º ≈√‡œ˚˛±Ê√ÀÚ ÒÚœ Œ˝√√±ª±1 ’±fl¡±—鬱 1±À‡,
’¸Ù¬˘ Ê√ÀÚ ¸Ù¬˘ Œ˝√√±ª±1 Œ‰¬©Ü± fl¡À1º ¤˝√◊ ’±fl¡±—鬱1
fl¡±1ÀÌ˝√◊ ˜±Ú≈À˝√√ øÚÊ√1 ’±fl¡±—鬱1 ø√˙Ó¬ ¸Ù¬˘ ¬ı≈ø˘ ˆ¬¬ı±Ê√Ú1
’Ú≈fl¡1Ì fl¡À1º Î◊¬√±˝√√1̶§1+À¬Û ø‰¬ÀÚ˜±1 ø˝√√1í ¤Ê√Ú ’Ú≈·±˜œ1
‘√ø©Ü ¸Ù¬˘º Œ¸À˚˛À˝√√ ø˝√√1í1 √À1 ¸±Ê√-À¬Û±‰¬±fl¡ ¬ı± ‰≈¬ø˘1 Ò1Ì
Úfl¡˘ fl¡ø1 Œfl¡±ÀÚ±Àª ¸cø©Ü ˘±ˆ¬ fl¡À1º
¬ıÓ¬«˜±Ú ø¬ıù´Ó¬ ¬Ûø(˜œ˚˛± Œ√˙1 √¬Ûƒ√¬ÛøÚº Œ¸À˚˛ ’±ø˜
ŒÓ¬›“À˘±fl¡1 √À1 ¸±Ê√-À¬Û±‰¬±fl¡ ø¬ÛÀg±, ŒÓ¬›“À˘±fl¡1 ‡±√…
¸˜”˝√1 õ∂øÓ¬ ’±¢∂˝√ 1±À‡“±º ¬ıU Œé¬SÓ¬ ’±√˙« ¬ı≈ø˘ ˆ¬±À¬ı“±º ¬ıU
Œé¬SÓ¬ Ó¬±fl¡ ø¬ıÀ1±Ò fl¡ø1¬ı ˘·± Ú±˝√◊, øfl¡c ¬ıU Œé¬SÓ¬
fi¬ÛøÚÀªø˙fl¡ ˚≈·1 ¬Û1± ‰¬ø˘ ’˝√√± ¤fl¡ ’±øÒ¬ÛÓ¬… ’±›fl¡±Ì
fl¡ø1¬ı ŒÚ±ª±ø1º ˘·ÀÓ¬ ¬ıÓ¬«˜±Ú1 ’Ô«ÕÚøÓ¬fl¡ ¬ı…ª¶ö±1 õ∂‰¬±1˜≈‡œ
‰¬ø1S› ˜Ú fl¡ø1¬ı˘·œ˚˛±º Ó¬±1 õ∂ˆ¬±ªÀÓ¬ ’±ø˜ ø¬Û7¡¡¡±-¬ı±·«±1
‡±˝√◊ ø¬ıù´-Ú±·ø1fl¡ Œ˝√√±ª±1 ’Ú≈ˆ¬ª fl¡À1“±º
¤˝√◊ø‡øÚÀÓ¬ ≈√Ȭ±˜±Ú fl¡Ô± ‰¬fl¡≈Ó¬ ¬ÛÀ1º ¬Û±ÚœÀ˚˛ ø˚√À1
fl¡˜ ¬ı±Ò± Œ¬Û±ª± ¬ı±ÀȬÀ1 ·øÓ¬ fl¡À1, Œ¸˝√◊√À1 ¸1˝√√ ¸—‡…fl¡
˜±Ú≈À˝√√˝√◊ ˘é¬…1 ø√˙Ó¬ ¸fl¡À˘±Ó¬Õfl¡ ¸˝√√Ê√ ¬ÛÀÔÀ1 ˚±¬ı Œ‡±ÀÊ√º
¸˝√√Ê√ ¬ÛÀÔÀ1 ˚±¬ı Œ‡±Ê√± fl¡Ô±ÀȬ±Ó¬ ¬ı1 Œ¬ıøÂ√ ’±¬ÛøM√√ fl¡ø1¬ı
˘·œ˚˛± Ú±Ô±Àfl¡ ˚ø√À˝√√ ø¸ ¸“‰¬±Õfl¡À˚˛ ˘é¬… õ∂±ø5 fl¡1±¬ı ¬Û±À1º
¸˝√√Ê√ ¬ÛÔ1 ¸g±ÚÓ¬ ¬ıUÀÓ¬ ’±Àfl¡Ã ˆ≈¬˘ ¬ı±È¬ ˘˚˛, ¬ıUÀÓ¬ ¸Ù¬˘
Œ˝√√±ª±1 ¸±ÒÚ± fl¡1±1 ¬Ûø1¬ıÀÓ¬« ¸Ù¬˘Ê√Ú1 ¬ı±ø˝√√…fl¡ ’Ú≈fl¡1Ì
fl¡À1º ø‰¬ÀÚ˜±1 ø˝√√1í1 ’Ú≈fl¡1Ì1 fl¡Ô±ÀȬ±À1 ¤˝√◊ fl¡Ô± ¬ı≈øÊ√¬ı
¬Û±ø1º ø˝√√1ífl¡ ’Ú≈fl¡1Ì fl¡1± ¸1˝√√ˆ¬±·À1 Ú± ø˝√√1í1 √À1 õ∂øÓ¬ˆ¬±
’±ÀÂ√, Ú± ’±ÀÂ√ ¸Ù¬˘Ó¬± ¬ı± ÒÚº ¬ıUÓ¬ Ú·Ì… ¸—‡…fl¡ ¬ı…øMê
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›˘±¬ı ø˚ ’±‰¬˘ÀÓ¬ ø˝√√1íÊ√Ú1 √À1 ’øˆ¬Ú˚˛ õ∂øÓ¬ˆ¬± ø¬ıfl¡±˙
fl¡ø1 ¸Ù¬˘Ó¬±1 fl¡±1ÀÌ √œ‚«fl¡±˘œÚ õ∂døÓ¬ ‰¬˘±¬ıº
¤˝√◊ø‡øÚÀÓ¬ ’±Ú ¤È¬± Î◊¬√±˝√√1À̱ ø√¬ı ¬Û±ø1º ¬ıUÓ¬
ë˝√√±˝√◊Ù¬±˝√◊í ŒÚ±À˝√√±ª± ˜±Ú≈À˝√√› ¬ıUÓ¬ ¸˜˚˛Ó¬ ë˝√√±˝√◊Ù¬±˝√◊í ˜±Ú≈˝√1
˘·Ó¬ ëŒ˘Àˆ¬˘í ø˜˘±¬ıÕ˘ Δ· øÚÀÊ√ ¬ıÀ˘ ¬Û1±Ó¬Õfl¡À˚˛± ’øÒfl¡
fl¡©Ü fl¡À1º ŒÓ¬ÀÚ Œ˘±fl¡1 √À1 ¸±Ê√-À¬Û±‰¬±fl¡ fl¡ø1, ŒÓ¬ÀÚÀ˘±fl¡1
˘·Ó¬ ¸˜±ÀÚ Î◊¬Í¬±-¬ıϬˇ± fl¡ø1 øÚÊ√1 ëŒ˘Àˆ¬˘í ¬ıÀϬˇ±ª±1 Œ‰¬©Ü±
fl¡À1º øfl¡c ŒÓ¬›“À˘±Àfl¡ ¬Û±˝√√ø1 ˚±˚˛ Œ˚ Œ¸˝√◊ ë˝√√±˝√◊Ù¬±˝√◊í
Œ˘±fl¡¸fl¡˘ ŒÓ¬›“À˘±fl¡1 ë26±˘í, ¸±Ê√-À¬Û±‰¬±fl¡ ’Ô¬ı± ¬ı±ø˝√√…fl¡
Ò1Ì-fl¡1Ì1 fl¡±1ÀÌ ë˝√√±˝√◊Ù¬±˝√◊í Ú˝√√˚˛º ŒÓ¬›“À˘±fl¡1 ø¬ÛÂ√Ù¬±À˘
¸±˜±øÊ√fl¡ ø¶öøÓ¬ (Social Capital), ø¬ıøˆ¬iß ˜±Ú≈˝√1 ˘·Ó¬
¸•Ûfl¡« ’±1n∏ ’Ô«ÕÚøÓ¬fl¡ ø¶öøÓ¬ ’±ø√ Ú±Ú± fl¡±1fl¡ Ô±Àfl¡º
¤˝√◊ø‡øÚÀÓ¬ ˝√◊1Ù¬±Ú ‡±Ú ’øˆ¬ÚœÓ¬ "English Medium" Ú±˜1
ø‰¬ÀÚ˜± ‡Ú1 fl¡Ô± ˜ÚÕ˘ ’±À˝√√º ’ø˙øé¬Ó¬ Œ¬ı¬Û±1œ ˝√◊1Ù¬±Ú
‡±ÀÚ øÚÊ√1 ¬Û≈Sfl¡ Ú±˜;˘± ˝√◊—1±Ê√œ ¶≥®˘Ó¬ Ú±˜ ˘·±¬ı1 fl¡±1ÀÌ
ë˝√√±˝√◊Ù¬±˝√◊í ¤À˘fl¡±Ó¬ ‚1ˆ¬±1± fl¡ø1 øÚÊ√1 Ê√œªÚ1 Ò1Ì ¸˘øÚ
fl¡ø1 ë˝√√±˝√◊ Â√Â√±˝√◊øȬí1 ¸ˆ¬… Œ˝√√±ª±1 Œ‰¬©Ü± fl¡À1º
¤øÓ¬˚˛± ¤˝√◊ Œ·±ÀȬ˝√◊ fl¡Ô±ø‡øÚ ˜”˘ ø¬ı¯∏˚˛1 ˘·Ó¬ øfl¡√À1
õ∂±¸—ø·fl¡∑ ø¬ı√…±˘˚˛1 ø˙鬱1 ˜±Ò…˜1 ø¬ı¯∏À˚˛ Δ˝√√ Ôfl¡±
’±À˘±‰¬Ú±1 ¬ıUÀÓ¬± fl¡Ô± ’±ø˜ ›¬Û11 fl¡Ô±ø‡øÚ1 ’±˘˜Ó¬
Ù“¬ø˝√√˚˛±˝√◊ ‰¬±¬ı ¬Û±À1“±º ’¸˜1 ‰¬1fl¡±1œ ’¸˜œ˚˛± ¶≥®˘1 ”√1ª¶ö±1
ø¬ı¯∏À˚˛ ’±ø˜ ¸fl¡À˘± ’ª·Ó¬º øfl¡c ¬ı…øMê·Ó¬ ˝√◊—1±Ê√œ ¶≥®˘1
¸Ù¬˘Ó¬± Œ√ø‡ ¸fl¡À˘±Àª õ∂ˆ¬±øªÓ¬º ›¬Û1Ó¬ Œfl¡±ª±1 √À1 ¸˝√√Ê√
Î◊¬¬Û±˚˛ ø˝√√‰¬±À¬Û ¬ıUÀÓ¬˝√◊ Òø1 Δ˘ÀÂ√ Œ˚ ˝√◊—1±Ê√œ ˜±Ò…˜ÀȬ±Àª˝√◊
¸Ù¬˘Ó¬±1 ˜”˘ fl¡±1̺ Œ˜±1 ‘√ø©ÜÀ1 ‰¬±¬ıÕ˘ ·íÀ˘ ¤˝√◊ ø‰¬ôL±ÀȬ±Ó¬
¤È¬± ά±„√√1 Œfl¡À1±Ì ’±ÀÂ√º
˝√◊—1±Ê√œ ˜±Ò…˜1 ¸Ù¬˘Ó¬±1 ˘·Ó¬ ¬Û˝√◊‰¬±, ø¬ı√…±˘˚˛1
¬Ûø1fl¡±Í¬±À˜±, ’øˆ¬ˆ¬±ªfl¡1 ’±øÔ«fl¡ ’ª¶ö± ’±ø√ Ú±Ú±ÚȬ± fl¡±1fl¡1
õ∂ˆ¬±ª ’±ÀÂ√º ’±˜±1 ø¬ı√…±˘˚˛À¬ı±11 ¬ıÓ¬«˜±Ú1 ”√1ª¶ö±1
’ˆ¬…ôL1œÌ fl¡±1fl¡¸˜”˝√1 Œfl¡±ÀÚ± ¬ı…ª¶ö± Úfl¡1±Õfl¡ Œfl¡ª˘ ˜±Ò…˜
¸˘øÚ1 ¡Z±1± ø¬ı√…±˘˚˛1 Ù¬˘±Ù¬˘ Î◊¬ißÓ¬ fl¡ø1˜ ¬ı≈ø˘ ˆ¬¬ı± ø‰¬ôL±1
˘·Ó¬ ø˝√√1í1 ‰≈¬ø˘1 Ò1Ì Úfl¡˘ fl¡ø1 øÚÊ√Àfl¡ ø˝√√1í ¬ı≈ø˘ ˆ¬¬ı±
ø‰¬ôL±1 Œ¬ıøÂ√ ¬Û±Ô«fl¡… Ú±˝√◊º
4º ˘±Î◊¬1 Œ˝√√μ±ø˘Ó¬ ›˘ø˜ Œ1±ª± ø˜øÓ¬1 ’±1n∏ The
Danger of a Single Story – ≈√ø√Ú˜±Ú ’±·ÀÓ¬ ˝√◊Î◊¬À1±¬ÛÀÓ¬
Ôfl¡± Œ˜±1 ø‰¬Ú±øfl¡ ˘í1± ¤Ê√Ú1 ˘·Ó¬ ŒÙ¬±ÚÓ¬ fl¡Ô± ¬Û±øÓ¬À˘“±º
fl¡Ô±˝√◊ fl¡Ô±˝√◊ ˜˝√◊ ¸≈øÒÀ˘“± ëŒ˝√√À1Ã, ŒÓ¬±1 Œ˝√√ÀÚ± ˝√◊˚˛±Ó¬ ¬ıUÓ¬
ø˜øÓ¬1 ›˘±˝√◊ÀÂ√∑í ŒÓ¬›“ Î◊¬M√√1 ø√À˘ 똱ÀÚ øfl¡∑ ’±¬Û≈øÚ Œ˜±fl¡
¬ı≈Ê√±˝√◊ ø√˚˛fl¡ ’±Àfl¡Ãº ˜˝√◊ ˝√◊˜±Ú ’¸˜œ˚˛± Ú±Ê√±ÀÚ±íº
 Ó¬±1 ≈√¸5±˝√√1 ø¬ÛÂ√1 fl¡Ô±º ¬Û±fl¡«Ó¬ ¤Ê√Ú ¬ıi§≈+1 Δ¸ÀÓ¬
fl¡Ô± ¬Û±øÓ¬ ’±ÀÂ√“±º ¬ıi§≈+ øÚÀÊ√ ˝√◊—1±Ê√œ ˜±Ò…˜Ó¬ ¬ÛϬˇ±, ’¸˜œ˚˛±
Ê√±ÀÚ, øfl¡c ÚÊ√Ú± fl¡Ô±ø‡øÚfl¡ Δ˘› ¸À‰¬Ó¬Ú ’±1n∏ ’±ø˜ Ú±Ú±Ú
ø¬ı¯∏˚˛ Δ˘ ’±À˘±‰¬Ú± fl¡À1“±º ’±À˘±‰¬Ú± fl¡ø1 Ô±Àfl¡“±ÀÓ¬ ’±ø˜
¤È¬± ˆ¬±¯∏±1 øÚÊ√¶§ ¬ı± Ô˘≈ª± Ò±1̱ (native concepts in a
language)1 ø¬ı¯∏À˚˛ ’±À˘±‰¬Ú± fl¡ø1À˘“±º ˜˝√◊ ’±1y fl¡ø1À˘“±
ëÒø1 Œ˘±ª± ¤˝√◊ ˘±Î◊¬1 Œ˝√√μ±ø˘‡Úº ’Ú≈¬ı±√ ¸•Ûfl¡«œ˚˛ fl¡Ô±
¬Û±ÀÓ¬±ÀÓ¬ Œ˜±1 ø‰¬Ú±øfl¡ √±√± ¤Ê√ÀÚ Δfl¡øÂ√˘ Œ˚ ˝√◊—1±Ê√œÕ˘
’¸˜œ˚˛± ·ä ¤È¬± ’Ú≈¬ı±√ fl¡ø1À˘ Œ˝√√μ±ø˘‡Ú øfl¡ ¬ı≈ø˘ ’Ú≈¬ı±√
fl¡ø1¬ı±∑ ˙s·Ó¬ ˆ¬±À¬ı, ŒÚ ’¸˜œ˚˛± Œ˝√√μ±ø˘1 ¸±˜ø¢∂fl¡ Ò±1̱À1,
ŒÚ ·ä1 ¬Ûø1À¬ı˙ÀȬ± ˝√◊—1±Ê√œ1 ¬ÛȬˆ”¬ø˜Õ˘ Δ˘ Δ· Ó¬±1 ˘·Ó¬
‡±¬Û Œ‡±ª±Õfl¡∑í Œ˜±1 ¬ıi§≈+Àª fl¡íÀ˘ ëŒ˝√√μ±ø˘ ˜±ÀÚ øfl¡∑í
¤˝√◊ Î◊¬√±˝√√1Ì ≈√Ȭ±˝√◊ ’±˜±fl¡ øfl¡Â≈√˜±Ú fl¡Ô± ‰¬fl¡≈Ó¬ Œ¬Û˘±˚˛º
’±ø˜ ά±„√√1 Œ˝√√±ª± ¬Ûø1À¬ı˙Ó¬, ’±ø˜ ¸1n∏1 ¬Û1± Œfl¡±ª± ˆ¬±¯∏±Ó¬
¬ıUÀ¬ı±1 Ò±1̱ ’±ø˜ ’¸À‰¬Ó¬Úˆ¬±À¬ı ’±˝√√1Ì fl¡À1“±º Ó¬±1 fl¡±1ÀÌ
’øˆ¬Ò±Ú Ú±˘±À·º Œ¸À˚˛À˝√√ õ∂±1øyfl¡ ø˙鬱1 Œé¬SÓ¬ ˜±Ó‘¬ˆ¬±¯∏±fl¡
&1n∏Q¬Û”Ì« ¬ı≈ø˘ ·Ì… fl¡1± ˝√√˚˛º ˜±Ó‘¬ˆ¬±¯∏±1 ¡Z±1± ø˙qÀª fl¡˜
fl¡À©ÜÀ1 Ò±1̱À¬ı±1 ¬ı≈øÊ√¬ıÕ˘ ¸é¬˜º
¤øÓ¬˚˛± ’±À˝√√“± ø¬ıÀ√˙œ ˆ¬±¯∏±1 ˜±Ò…À˜À1 ø˙鬱¢∂˝√Ì1
fl¡Ô±Õ˘º ˜˝√◊ ˝√◊—1±Ê√œ ø˙鬱1 ˜≈Àͬ˝√◊ ø¬ıÀ1±Òœ Ú˝√√˚˛º ¬ı1=
õ∂±Ôø˜fl¡ ¬Û˚«±˚˛1 ¬Û1±˝√◊ Ó¬±fl¡ ˆ¬±˘Õfl¡ ø˙Àfl¡±ª±1 ¸˜Ô«Ú fl¡À1“±,
øfl¡c Ó¬±fl¡ ¤fl¡˜±S ˜±Ò…˜ ø˝√√‰¬±À¬Û Œ˘±ª±1 ’±¬ÛøM√√ fl¡À1“±º
›¬Û1Ó¬ Δfl¡ ’±ø˝√√ÀÂ√“± Œ˚ ’±˜±1 ¬Ûø1À¬ı˙, ˆ¬±¯∏±-¸—¶‘®øÓ¬À˚˛
’±˜±1 ø‰¬ôL±Ò±1±Ó¬ õ∂ˆ¬±ª Œ¬Û˘±˚˛º øÚÊ√1 Ô˘≈ª± ø˙¬Û±1 Δ¸ÀÓ¬
¸—À˚±· 1‡±1 Œé¬SÓ¬ ˆ¬±¯∏±1 &1n∏Q ’¬Ûø1¸œ˜ ëŒfl¡±ÀÚ±¬ı±˝√◊
Ú≈‡≈øÊ√À˘› ’±¬ÛøM√√ Ú±˝√◊íº ø¬ıÀ√˙œ ˆ¬±¯∏± ¤È¬± ˜”˘ ˜±Ò…˜ ø˝√√‰¬±À¬Û
Δ˘ õ∂±Ôø˜fl¡ ¬Û˚«±˚˛1 ¬Û1± ø˙鬱 ˘±ˆ¬ fl¡ø1¬ıÕ˘ ·íÀ˘ øÚÊ√1
Ô˘≈ª± ¬Ûø1À¬ı˙1 ¬Û1± ˜±Úø¸fl¡ ˆ¬±À¬ı ”√1Q ¬ı±øϬˇ Œ˚±ª±1 ¸y±ªÚ±
’øÒfl¡ ˝√√í¬ı˝√◊ ¬ı≈ø˘ Œfl¡±ª± Ú±˝√◊, Ú±Ú±Ú fl¡±1fl¡ ’±1n∏ Ô±øfl¡¬ı
¬Û±À1íº ø¬ıÀ√˙œ ˆ¬±¯∏± ¤È¬± 100Ì Ô˘≈ª±fl¡1Ì fl¡1± ¸yª
Ú˝√√˚˛º ¤˝√◊Àé¬SÓ¬ õ∂øÓ¬ø√ÀÚ 8 ‚∞I◊±Õfl¡ ¤fl¡ ˝√◊—1±Ê√œ ¬Ûø1À¬ı˙Ó¬
Ôfl¡± ˝√◊—1±Ê√œ ˆ¬±¯∏±Ó¬ õ∂±˚˛ native ¬ı≈ø˘¬ı ¬Û1± ’±˜±1 Â√±S ¬ı±
Â√±Sœ ¤·1±fl¡œ õ∂fl¡‘Ó¬ ¬ı‘øȬÂ√ ¬ı± ’±À˜ø1fl¡±1 ¤·1±fl¡œ1 Ó≈¬˘Ú±Ó¬
øfl¡˜±Ú native [Œ‰¬±fl¡± ¬ı…øÓ¬Sꘜ Ú·Ì… ¸—‡…fl¡fl¡ ¬ı±√ ø√]∑∑
›¬Û11 fl¡Ô±ÀȬ± ≈√Ȭ±˜±Ú Î◊¬√±˝√√1Ì1 ¡Z±1± ¬Ûø1©®±1 fl¡ø1¬ı
¬Û±ø1º ¬Û“±‰¬¬ıÂ√1˜±Ú1 ’±·ÀÓ¬ Ted Talks1 ¤È¬± øˆ¬øά’í
‰¬±˝√◊øÂ√À˘“±º Chimamada Ngozi Adichie Ú±˜1 Ú±˝√◊ÀÊ√ø1˚˛±1
Œ˘ø‡fl¡± ¤·1±fl¡œÀ˚˛ ¤˝√◊ fl¡Ô±ø‡øÚ Δfl¡øÂ√˘ (The Danger of
36
a Single Story)º ŒÓ¬›“ ’±øÂ√˘ ’Ϭ…¬ıôL ¬Ûø1˚˛±˘1 ’±1n∏
¸1n∏1 ¬Û1± ŒÓ¬›“ ˝√◊—1±Ê√œ ¸±ø˝√√Ó¬… ¬ÛøϬˇÀ˚˛˝√◊ ά±„√√1 Δ˝√√øÂ√˘º
ŒÓ¬›“ Œ˚øÓ¬˚˛± øÚÀÊ√ fl¡±ø˝√√Úœ ø˘ø‡øÂ√˘ Œ¸˝√◊ fl¡±ø˝√√ÚœÀ¬ı±1Ó¬
ø˙qÀ¬ı±1 ’±øÂ√˘ ¬ı·±Â√±˘1, ø¸˝√√“ÀÓ¬ ¬Û±Ú fl¡ø1øÂ√˘ øÊ√?±1
ø¬ıÀ˚˛1 ’±1n∏ ø¸˝√√“ÀÓ¬ ’±À˘±‰¬Ú± fl¡ø1øÂ√˘ ¢∂œÉfl¡±˘ ’±ø˝√√À˘
Œfl¡ÀÚ ˜Ê√± ˝√√í¬ı/ ¤·1±fl¡œ Ú±˝√◊ÀÊ√ø1˚˛±Ó¬ ά±„√√1 √œ‚˘ Œ˝√√±ª±
fl¡‘¯∏û±—· ˜ø˝√√˘± ëŒÓ¬øÓ¬˚˛± ŒÓ¬›“ ø˙qí1 øÚÊ√1 ¬ı±ô¶ª ’±1n∏
ø‰¬ôL±1 Ê√·»‡Ú1 ˜±Ê√Ó¬ ˝√◊˜±Ú ¬Û±Ô«fl¡… øfl¡˚˛ ’±ø˝√√øÂ√˘∑ ˝√◊˚˛±1
fl¡±1Ì ’±øÂ√˘ Œ˘ø‡fl¡±1 ø˙鬱1 ˆ¬±¯∏± ’±1n∏ ¸±ø˝√√Ó¬…1 ¬Û‘øÔªœ‡Ú
ŒÓ¬›“ ¬ı±¸ fl¡1± ¬Û‘øÔªœ‡Ú1 ¬Û1± ¬ıU ”√1Ó¬º ’±˜±1 ¬ıUÓ¬
’øˆ¬ˆ¬±ªÀfl¡ ’˘¬Û ·ˆ¬œ1ˆ¬±À¬ı ˆ¬±ø¬ıÀ˘ ˝√√˚˛ÀÓ¬± øÚÊ√1 ¸ôL±Ú1
Œé¬SÓ¬ õ∂À˚±Ê√… Œ˝√√±ª±Õfl¡ øfl¡Â≈√ ÚÓ≈¬Ú ø√À˙À1 ¬ıU fl¡Ô± ø¬ıÀù≠¯∏Ì
fl¡1±1 ¸≈À˚±· ¬Û±¬ıº
¤˝√◊ø‡øÚÀÓ¬ ’±1n∏ ≈√Ȭ± Î◊¬√±1Ì ø√›“, 2003 ‰¬ÚÓ¬ Ú·“±›
fl¡À˘Ê√1 ¬ı±ø¯∏«fl¡ fl¡À˘Ê√ ¸5±˝√√Ó¬ ˜˝√◊ ¤È¬± ‰¬±˚˛øÙ¬fl¡ ·ä
ø˘ø‡øÂ√À˘“±º Œ¸˝√◊ ·ä1 ¸fl¡À˘± ‰¬ø1S1 Ú±˜ ’±øÂ√˘ ˝√◊Î◊¬À1±¬Ûœ˚˛º
fl¡±1Ì ŒÓ¬øÓ¬˚˛±Õ˘Àfl¡ ˜˝√◊ ¬ÛϬˇ± õ∂±˚˛À¬ı±1 fl¡±ø˝√√Úœ ’±øÂ√˘ ¤ÀÚ
¬ÛȬˆ”¬ø˜Ó¬ 1ø‰¬Ó¬º ˝√◊ø?øÚ˚˛±ø1— ¬ÛøϬˇ Ô±Àfl¡±ÀÓ¬ ’±Ú ¤Ê√Ú ¬ıi§≈+Àª
˜±ÀÊ√ ˜±ÀÊ√ ≈√‡ fl¡ø1øÂ√˘ ëŒÒÀ˜˘œ˚˛± Δfl¡í 댘±1 Ú±˜ ˝√√í¬ı
˘±ø·øÂ√˘ xxxx [˝√◊Î◊¬À1±¬Ûœ˚˛ Ú±˜, ˝√◊˚˛±ÀÓ¬ ø˘‡± Ú±˝√◊ ¬Ûø1‰¬˚˛ÀȬ±
’±ÀÚ ·˜ ¬Û±¬ı ¬ı≈ø˘], Œ‡ø˘¬ı ˘±ø·øÂ√˘ ŒÈ¬øÚÂ√º ŒÒ˝√◊//íí
Œfl¡Ó¬À¬ı±1 ¬ıd øfl¡√À1 ’±˜±1 ¬ı±À¬ı ’±fl¡±—øé¬Ó¬ Δ˝√√ ¬ÛÀ1
Œ¸˝√◊ÀȬ±› øÚ(˚˛Õfl¡ ˆ¬±ø¬ı¬ı˘·œ˚˛±º ¬ı…øMê·Ó¬ ˆ¬±À¬ı ˜˝√◊
’±øÊ√Õ˘Àfl¡ Œ√‡± ø˙q1 ¤ Ù¬1 ¤¬Ûƒ˘ Ê√±Ó¬œ˚˛ øfl¡Ó¬±¬ÛÓ¬ King
’±1n∏ Queen ¸√±˚˛ ¬ı·± ‰¬±˘1 ˝√◊Î◊¬À1±¬Ûœ˚˛ Œ‰¬À˝√√1±1 ’±1n∏
˜”1Ó¬ ˜≈fl¡≈Ȭ Ôfl¡±˝√◊ Œ√ø‡ÀÂ√“±º fl¡í˘± ‰¬±˘1 ¬ı± ˜—À·±˘œ˚˛ ά±øϬˇ1
1Ê√± ’±øÊ√Õ˘Àfl¡ Œ√‡± Ú±˝√◊º
’±ø˜ ¤˝√◊ ¸1n∏ ¸1n∏ øfl¡c ά±„√√1 fl¡Ô±À¬ı±1 ‰¬fl¡≈ øÚø√À˘
ø¬ÛÂ√Ó¬ øfl¡Â≈√˜±Ú ˜±Ú≈˝√ÀÚ± øfl¡˚˛ ø˙¬Û±1 ¬Û1± ø¬ıø26iß Δ˝√√ ˚±˚˛
Œ¸˝√◊ ø¬ı¯∏˚˛Ó¬ Œ¬ıøÂ√ ø‰¬ôL± fl¡ø1 ˘±ˆ¬ Ú±˝√◊º ¬ı±fl¡œ ¬ÛϬˇ± 1±˝√◊ÀÊ√
ø˜øÓ¬1 ’±1n∏ Œ˝√√μ±ø˘ ˙s ≈√Ȭ± ¬ı≈øÊ√ ¬Û±˝√◊ ¬ı≈ø˘ Òø1 Δ˘ÀÂ√“±º
Œ˙¯∏Ó¬ ˝√◊˚˛±Àfl¡ fl¡í¬ı Œ‡±ÀÊ√“± Œ˚ ˆ¬±¯∏± ¤È¬±fl¡ Œfl¡ª˘
Ó¬Ô… ’±√±Ú-õ∂√±Ú fl¡1±1 ¸—Àfl¡Ó¬ ¬ı≈ø˘ Ú±ˆ¬±ø¬ı Ó¬±1 ˘·Ó¬
Ê√øάˇÓ¬ ¬ı≈Ê√Ú é¬˜Ó¬±, ¸˜±Ê√-¸—¶‘®øÓ¬ ’±1n∏ ¸‘Ê√Úœ˙œ˘Ó¬± ’±ø√
fl¡Ô±À¬ı±1 ˆ¬±˘Õfl¡ ø¬ıÀù≠¯∏Ì fl¡ø1À˝√√ ø˚Àfl¡±ÀÚ± ø¸X±ôL Œ˘±ª±
Î◊¬ø‰¬Ó¬º ¸¬ÛÀ鬽√◊ ˝√√›fl¡ ¬ı± ø¬ı¬ÛÀ鬽√◊ ˝√√›fl¡ ¸øͬfl¡ ’Ú≈¸g±Ú
Úfl¡1±Õfl¡ Œ˘±ª± ø˚Àfl¡±ÀÚ± ø¸X±ôL˝√◊ ’±˜±1 ˆ¬øª¯∏…Ó¬ ø¬ı¬Ûiß
fl¡ø1¬ı ¬Û±À1º
 ø¬ıÀ√˙Ó¬ ’¸˜1 ¸≈¬ı±¸
øfl¡ø˜ fl¡ø˘Ó¬±˚ø√·ôL ˜±˘±fl¡1, ’±˚˛±1À˘G

ø¬ı˙±˘ ˝◊√ά◊À1±¬Û ˜˝√√±À√˙1 ¤‡Ú ¡Zœ¬Û1±©Ü™ ’±˚˛±1À˘Gº
õ∂±fl‘¡øÓ¬fl¡ Œ¸Ãμ˚«À1 ˚ÀÔ©Ü ‹ù´˚«˙±˘œ ¤˝◊√‡Ú Œ√˙º ŒÓ¬Ê√±˘
¸À¬Û±Ú, ¸œ˜±˝√√œÚ ’±˙± ¬ı≈fl≈¡Ó¬ ¬ı±øg ’±˚˛±1À˘GÓ¬ ά◊¬Ûø¶öÓ¬
˝√√˚˛ø˝√√ ¬ıUÀÓ¬± ’¸˜œ˚˛±º fl¡±À1±¬ı±1 ˚ø√ ˘é¬… ά◊2‰¬ ø˙鬱, ’±Ú
fl¡±À1±¬ı±1 ‰¬±fl¡ø1 ’Ô¬ı± ¬ı…ª¸±˚˛ ¬ı±øÌÊ√…º ø√Ú ¬ı±·À1, ˜±˝√√
¬ı±·ø1 ˚±˚˛º fl¡‰¬1Ó¬ ‰¬À˘ ˘é¬…Ó¬ ά◊¬ÛڜӬ Œ˝√√±ª±1 Δ√ÚøμÚº
øfl¡c Ó¬±1 ˜±Ê√ÀÓ¬˝◊√ ά◊1n∏„√± ˜ÚÀ¬ı±À1 ά◊1± ˜±À1 ’¸˜œ ’±˝◊√1
›‰¬1Õ˘º ø¬ıUÀª ¸—Sê±øôLÀ˚˛ ˜ÚÀ¬ı±À1 ˝√√±˝√√±fl¡±1 ˘·±˝◊√ ¤‡Ú
’¸˜œ˚˛± ¸˜±Ê√ ø¬ı‰¬±ø1º øfl¡c ˝√√±Ê√±1 ˝√√±Ê√±1 ˜±˝◊√˘ ”√1Ó¬ ¤˚˛±
Ê√±ÀÚ± ¸yª∑
˝˚˛ÀÓ¬± ˜ÚÓ¬ Œ¸˝◊√ õ∂ùü Œ√±˘± ø√˚˛±1 ¸˜˚˛ÀÓ¬˝◊√ Œ·±È¬
‡±˝◊√øÂ√˘ Œfl¡˝◊√Ê√Ú˜±Ú ά◊√…˜œ ’¸˜œ˚˛± ˚≈ªfl¡º &̱·“Ô± ‰¬ø˘øÂ√˘

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øfl¡¬ı± ¤È¬± ’±1y fl¡1±Ó¬º ¬Ûø1fl¡äÚ± ’±1y Δ˝√√øÂ√˘ ά◊1n∏„√±,
’fl¡˘˙1œ˚˛± ˜ÚÀ¬ı±1fl¡º ¤fl¡À·±È¬ fl¡1±1º Ù¬˘|n∏øÓ¬Ó¬ Ê√ij
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Meet'º Zoom Meeting1 Ê√ø1˚˛ÀÓ¬˝◊√ ’±À˚˛±Ê√Ú fl¡1± ˝√√í˘
2021 ‰¬Ú1 Œfl¡±ÀÚ±¬ı± ¤È¬± ˜±˝√√Ó¬ ’±˚˛±1À˘G1 ¤‡Ú Ò≈Úœ˚˛±
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øˆ¬Ó¬1Ó¬ ˆ¬±1Ó¬ Œ¸ª±|˜ ¸—‚ ’ª ÚÔ« ’±À˜ø1fl¡±, øõ∂kȬÚø¶öÓ¬
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ø¬ıÀ√˙Ó¬ Ô±øfl¡› ’±À˜ø1fl¡±1 õ∂¬ı±¸œ ˆ¬±1Ó¬œ˚˛˝√◊ ˝√√+√˚˛1
Ó¬±ø·√±Ó¬ Œ√˙œ˚˛ ¸—©‘®øÓ¬ ’±1n∏ Ò˜«œ˚˛ ¬Û1•Û1± ‡±˜≈ø‰¬ Òø1
1‡±1 õ∂À‰¬©Ü± ’é≈¬iß 1±ø‡ÀÂ√º
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Œ¸˝√◊ ¶ú‘øÓ¬ ¸Ê√œª Δ˝√√À˚˛ ’±À“√º Δ˙˙ª1 Œ¸˝√◊fl¡Ì ’±Úμ ’±Àfl¡Ã
Î◊¬ˆ¬Ó¬±˝√◊ Œ¬Û±ª± ˝√√íÀ˘/ 1„√√œÚ Œ·Â√ Œ¬ı˘≈ÚÀÓ¬ Î◊¬˘ø˜ Œfl¡ÀÚ¬ı±Õfl¡
’Ó¬œÓ¬Õ˘ Î◊¬˘øȬ &øÂ√ ˚±¬ı ¬Û1± ˝√√íÀ˘/
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’ø¬ı1Ó¬± ¬ı1n∏ª±, ¬ı±—·±À˘±1
ŒÙ¬±Ú Ú— – 9854725802

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˜˝√√±˜±˚˛±1 ø√Ú± ¬Û≈ªøÓ¬ øÚ˙± Î◊¬øͬ Œ‡±Ê√ fl¡±øϬˇ¬ıÕ˘ ›˘±˝√◊ Œ˚±ª±1 ¸˜˚˛1 ¬Û1±˝√◊ ’±˜±1 fl¡±1ÀÌ ¬Û”Ê√±1 ’±1yøÌ ˝√√˚˛º
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¬Ûøͬ˚˛±˝√◊ ø√øÂ√˘ ¤¬ı±1, ˜˝√◊ Œ¸˝√◊ÀȬ± Œ‰¬ˆ¬ fl¡ø1 ΔÔøÂ√À˘“±º
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– øfl¡ 1ø‡ ’±ÀÂ√º ’±˝√√fl¡, ’±1n∏ Δ1˝√◊‡¬Û± Úø1º ˝√◊˜±Ú¬ÛÀ1
’±Ò± Œ˙¯∏ ˝√√¬ı± ˘±˝√◊·øÂ√˘º
˜±Ú≈˝√Ê√ÀÚ Δfl¡ Δfl¡ Œ˜±fl¡ ¬Û±1 fl¡ø1 ·í˘º Œ˜±1 ø¬Û‰¬ÀÓ¬
Ò”øÓ¬ ø¬Ûg± ¬ı≈Ϭˇ± ˜±Ú≈˝√Ê√Úfl¡ ˘øyÀ˘Õ·º
– Ú±˜fl¡À˝√√ Œ√Î◊¬, ‰¬±˝√◊Àfl¡˘‡±Ú Œ˜±fl¡ √fl¡, ˜˝√◊ Ô›º
’±¬ÛøÚ È¬±˝√◊À˜±Ó¬ ’±˝√√± Œ˝√√±ø˘ ˝√◊Ó¬±fl¡ Œ˘ø· ’±Ò± ¬Û≈1± Œ˙¯∏
˝√í√˘ Δ˝√√º
’, Ó¬±1˜±ÀÚ ë’±ø˝√√˘í &Ì&ÌøÚÀȬ± Œ˜±1 ¬ı±À¬ı Ú±øÂ√˘º
¬ı≈Ϭˇ± ˜±Ú≈˝√Ê√Ú ¬Û≈À1±ø˝√√Ó¬, Œ√‡±ÀÓ¬ ·˜ ¬Û±˚˛, ŒÓ¬À‡ÀÓ¬Õ˘ Δ1
’±øÂ√˘ ¸fl¡À˘±Àªº ¬Û˘˜ fl¡ø1 ’˝√√± ¬ı±À¬ı ¬Û≈À1±ø˝√√Ó¬Ê√Úfl¡ ˜ÀÚ
˜ÀÚ fl¡‘Ó¬:Ó¬± Ê√Ú±À˘“±, ’ôLÓ¬ 1+¬Ûfl¡ Œ˙¯∏¬ı±11 ¬ı±À¬ı Œ√‡±
¬Û±˜º ŒÓ¬À‡ÀÓ¬ ¸˜˚˛Ó¬ ’±ø˝√√À˘ Ó¬±Àfl¡± Ú˝√√í˘À˝√√ÀÓ¬“Úº
– fl¡±ø˘ Œ√ÀªÚ ˜±©Ü11 ’±¬Û±Ó≈¬1 ø¬ı˚˛± ’±øÂ√˘ ˝√√±º
Œ·±ª±˘¬Û±1±Ó¬ fl¡˝√◊Ú±º fl¡˜ ”√1∑ ’±ø˝√√ ¬Û±›ÀÓ¬ Œ1±√ ˜≈11
Î◊¬¬Û±1 ¬Û±˝√◊øÂ√º ’˘¬Û ‰¬fl¡≈ ˜≈≈√ ¬ı≈ø˘ ¬ı±·±1 ø√˚˛±ÀÓ¬˝√◊ ‡¬ı1Ó≈¬
Œ·˘º ˘À· ˘À· ›˘‰≈¬º ¬ı˘± ¬ı˘±, ˚·±1 Δ˝√√øÂ√ Ú±∑ ˜±ÚU
ø·˘± ’±˝√√± Œ˙¯∏ Ú± ˝√◊©Ü≈-fl¡≈È≈¬˜1∑
Œ√Î◊¬Àª Δfl¡ Ô±øfl¡À˚˛˝√◊ Œ˜±fl¡ ¬Û±1 Δ˝√√ ·'˘º ¸fl¡À˘±
’±Rœ˚˛ ’±ø˝√√˘ÀÚ, Œ√Î◊¬Àª ¸≈øÒÀÂ√º
 ˜˝√◊∑ ˜˝√◊ øfl¡∑
1+À¬Û Δfl¡øÂ√˘ñ ¸fl¡À˘± ¸•§gÀ1 Ú±˜ ŒÚÔ±Àfl¡º
¬Û≈√ø˘ÀȬ± ø‰¬Ú±øfl¡º ø‰¬Ú±øfl¡ ˜±ÀÚ ¬ıU¬ı±1 Ù¬ÀȬ±Ó¬ Œ√ø‡
Œ√ø‡ ø‰¬Ú±øfl¡ Δ˝√√ Δ·ÀÂ√º Ê√≈˜1 ’±Ò± ˜±Ú≈˝√ Œ√Î◊¬1 ø¬ÛÀ‰¬ ø¬ÛÀ‰¬
Œ‰¬±Ó¬±˘Õ˘ Œ¸±˜±˘º
‰¬fl¡≈≈√Ȭ± Œ˜±˝√√±ø1 ˜À˚˛± Œ‡±Ê√ ø√À˘“±, Œ‰¬±Ó¬±˘Õ˘º
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Œ‰¬±Ó¬±˘1 ¤fl¡±À¯∏ ˜˝√√±øÚ˜ ¤ÀÊ√±¬Û±, &ø1ÀȬ± ›‡Õfl¡
¬Ûfl¡œ fl¡ø1 ¬ı±øg ŒÔ±ª±º ø‰¬Ú≈fl¡ Ó¬±1 Ó¬˘ÀÓ¬ Œfl¡±ÀÚ±¬ı±˝√◊ Ò”øÓ¬
ø¬Ûg±˝√◊ ø√ ’±ÀÂ√º ø‰¬Ú≈ ˜±ÀÚ 1+¬Û1 ˘í1±ÀȬ±º øfl¡˜±Ú ¬ı˚˛¸ ˝√í˘
Ó¬±1∑ Ú ¬ıÂ√1∑ ŒÓ¬ÀÚ øfl¡¬ı± ¤È¬± Δfl¡øÂ√˘ 1+À¬Ûº
– ¸Úfl¡±À˘ ø¬ÛÀg ø√ ¤ Ó¬±fl¡º øÚ¬ı± ˘±À· ’±1, Œ√1œ
˝√√˘º Œ√Î◊¬, øfl¡¬ı± ˘±·± ’±ÀÂ√ ŒÚøfl¡ ‰¬±fl¡ ’±1n∏º
Ò”øÓ¬ ø¬Ûg±˝√◊ Ôfl¡±Ê√Ú1 ˝√√±Ó¬‡Ú ’˘¬Û ‡1 ˝√√í˘º ø‰¬Ú≈Àª
¤Àfl¡± Òø1¬ı ¬Û1± Ú±˝√◊, øfl¡ Δ˝√√ ’±ÀÂ√, øfl¡˚˛ Δ˝√√ ’±ÀÂ√∑
¬ı±1±μ±1 ‰¬fl¡œÓ¬ ¬ıUÀfl¡˝√◊Ê√Ú ˜±Ú≈˝√ ¬ıø˝√√ ’±ÀÂ√º ≈√‡Ú˜±Ú
˜≈‡ ø‰¬Ú±øfl¡º Ù¬ÀȬ±À1 ø‰¬Ú±øfl¡º 1+¬Û1 ’øÙ¬‰¬1 ˜±Ú≈˝√º ¬ı˝√√˘
¬ı±1챇Ú1 ·±ÀÓ¬ ˘±ø· ›‡ ¬Ûfl¡œ Ϭ±¬Û ¤È¬±Ó¬ Ó≈¬˘¸œ ¤ÀÊ√±¬Û±º
Ó¬±1 ¸˜≈‡ÀÓ¬ 1+¬Û q˝√◊ ’±ÀÂ√, Œ˙¯∏ ¬ı±11 ¬ı±À¬ıº ’˘¬Û 1í√
¬Ûø1ÀÂ√ ·±Ó¬, ›‰¬1Ó¬ ˜±Ú≈˝√ Ú±˝√◊ Œfl¡±ÀÚ±º Δ¬ı˙±˘œ fl¡íÓ¬∑
‰¬±ø1›Ù¬±À˘ ‰¬fl≈¡ Ù≈¬1±À˘“±, ŒÚÀ√ø‡À˘“±º Œ¬ı±Ò˝√√˚˛ øˆ¬Ó¬1Ó¬º
ø¸Ù¬±˘1 ¬Û1± fl¡±Àμ±Ú1 ˙s ’±ø˝√√ ’±ÀÂ√º Œ˜±fl¡ Ê√Ú± ˜±Ú≈˝√
¤fl¡˜±S Ó¬±À˚˛˝√◊, ’ªÀ˙… ’±øÊ√Õ˘ Œ√‡±-À√ø‡ Œ˝√√±ª± Ú±˝√◊º
˝√◊Ù¬±À˘-ø¸Ù¬±À˘ Ôfl¡± ≈√˝√◊ ¤Ê√Ú1 ‰¬fl¡≈Àª ‰¬fl¡≈Àª ¬Ûø1ÀÂ√ Œ˜±1,
Œ¬ı±Ò˝√√˚˛ ˜˝√◊ Œfl¡±Ú ¬ı± øfl¡ ˝√√› Ó¬±Àfl¡ Ê√±øÚ¬ıÕ˘ Œ‰¬©Ü± fl¡ø1ÀÂ√º
‰¬•Û± Ù≈¬˘ Œfl¡˝√◊¬Û±˝√√˜±Ú ˆ¬ø11 Ù¬±À˘ ø√À˘“± õ∂ÔÀ˜
˝√√±Î◊¬ø˘º ø˙Ó¬±Ú1 Ù¬±À˘ ’±·¬ı±ÀϬˇ±ÀÓ¬ Î◊¬Ê√≈øȬ ‡±À˘± øfl¡˝√√¬ı±Ó¬º
‰¬±¬ı, ‰¬±¬ı ¬ı≈ø˘ Œfl¡±ÀÚÀÚ± fl¡íÀ˘ ‚”ø1¬ıÕ˘ ¸˜˚˛ Ú±˝√◊º ¬ı“±›˝√√±Ó¬‡Ú
¬ı·± fl¡±À¬Û±11 ¬ı±ø˝√√1Õ˘ ›˘±˝√◊ ’±ÀÂ√ ’˘¬Ûº ˜≈‡‡Ú ˜≈fl¡ø˘
fl¡ø1 ŒÔ±ª± ’±ÀÂ√º Ù≈¬˘ø‡øÚ ¬ı≈fl¡≈Ó¬ ø√À˘“±º 1+¬Û1 ˜≈‡‡ÚÓ¬
ø¶úÓ¬ ˝√√“±ø˝√√ ¤È¬± ˘±ø· Ô±Àfl¡ ¸√±˚˛º ’±øÊ√› ˘±ø· Ôfl¡± Œ˚ÀÚ˝√◊
˘±ø·˘º ¤ÀÚÀ˚˛ ˜≈1ÀȬ±Ó¬ ˝√√±Ó¬Ù≈¬1±˝√◊ ‰≈¬ø˘ø‡øÚ ’±„≈√ ø˘À1
’fl¡Ì˜±Ú ٬̜˚˛±˝√◊ ø√˚˛±1 √À1 fl¡ø1À˘“±º fl¡±À¬Û±11 Ó¬˘Õ˘
¬ı“±›˝√√±Ó¬‡Ú Œ¸±À˜±ª±˝√◊ ø√˚˛±1 ’ø‰¬˘±À1 ˝√√±Ó¬‡Ú ¤¬ı±1 ‰≈¬˝√◊
‰¬±À˘“±º
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– ˘· ¬Û±À˘ øfl¡ fl¡ø1¬ı±ÀÚ±∑
– øfl¡ fl¡ø1˜ ŒÚÊ√±ÀÚ±, ˝√√±Ó¬ ‡±˜≈øÂ√ ¬ıU¬Û1 ¬ıø˝√√ Ô±øfl¡˜º
¤Àfl¡± ŒÚ±Àfl¡±ª±Àfl¡º Ó≈¬ø˜› Úfl¡í¬ı±º
’±øÊ√ ¤˚˛± ‰≈¬˝√◊ ’±ÀÂ√±, øfl¡˜±Ú ˙œÓ¬˘ ¤˝√◊ ¶Û˙«º ’Ô‰¬
¤˝√◊ ¶Û˙«1 ¬ı±À¬ı˝√◊ ’±fl¡≈˘ ’±øÂ√À˘“±º
¤øÓ¬˚˛±Õ˘ ’ôLÓ¬ øÚÊ√fl¡ øÚ˚˛LaÌ fl¡ø1 1±ø‡øÂ√À˘“±, ’±1n∏
ŒÚ±ª±ø1À˘“±º ‰¬fl¡≈¬Û±Úœ U1U1±˝√◊ Ú±ø˜ ’±ø˝√√˘º
– Δ˝√√øÂ√º øÚ¬ı± ˘±À·º ¬Ûø1¬ı±1fl¡ ˜±Ó¬fl¡, ’±¬Û±Ó≈¬fl¡ ’±Úfl¡
¤Àfl¡º
Œ√Î◊¬1 ˜±Ó¬ÀȬ± ˆ¬˚˛—fl¡1 qÚ±À˘º ›‰¬1 ¬Û±Ê√À1 Ôfl¡±
˜±Ú≈˝√ø‡øÚ ˝√√ͬ±ÀÓ¬ ’˘¬Û ‰¬=˘ Œ˝√√±ª±1√À1 ˝√√í˘, ˆ≈¬Úˆ≈¬ÚøÚ
¤È¬± Œ˚Ú ¬ı±·ø1 Δ·ÀÂ√ Œ‰¬±Ó¬±˘‡ÚÓ¬º ø‰¬ø1À1 Δ¬ı˙±˘œ Ú±ø˜
’±ø˝√√ÀÂ√, ≈√Ê√Úœ˜±Ú ˜ø˝√√˘±˝√◊ Ó¬±˝√◊1 ˝√√±Ó¬Ó¬ Ò1±1 √À1 Òø1
’±øÚ¬ı ‡≈øÊ√øÂ√˘, Δ¬ı˙±˘œ øÚÀÊ√ øÚÀÊ√ Ú±ø˜ ’±·¬ı±øϬˇ ’±ø˝√√˘º
¸≈ø¶ö1, ˙±ôL Δ˝√√ Ô±øfl¡ ø‰¬Ú≈fl¡ fl¡±¯∏Ó¬ Δ˘ 1+¬Û1 ˆ¬ø11 Ù¬±À˘
’“±Í≈¬ ˘íÀ˘º
Δ¬ı˙±˘œÀ˚˛ ˜≈1 ŒÓ¬±˘±1 ˘À· ˘À· Œ˜±1 ‰¬fl¡≈Àª ‰¬fl¡≈Àª
¬Ûø1˘º ’Ó¬¸˜˚˛ Òø1 1‡± fl¡±Àμ±ÚÀȬ± ’±1n∏ Òø1 1±ø‡¬ı
ŒÚ±ª±ø1À˘, Ufl¡Ufl¡±˝√◊ fl¡±øμ Î◊¬øͬ˘º ø‰¬Ú≈À˚˛± ˜±fl¡1 ·±Ó¬ Òø1
ø‰¬¤ûø1 ø‰¬¤ûø1 fl¡±øμ¬ıÕ˘ Δ˘øÂ√˘, Œfl¡±ÀÚ±¬ı±˝√◊ ¤1n∏ª±˝√◊ Δ˘
·í˘º
– ¬ıUÓ¬ Œ√1œ Δ˝√√øÂ√, ‰¬‡±ÀÚ±Ó¬ 1±øÓ¬ Œ˝√√±ø˘ ’¸≈ø¬ıÒ±
˝√√À¬ı±º ˘›fl¡ ˘›fl¡º Ú±Î◊¬˜±Ú ’±¬Û±Ó≈¬˝√◊ Œfl¡±Ó¬ ά±˝√„◊ √¬ı± ¬Û±˝√1◊ À¬ı±,
¬ı±fl¡œø·˘±˝√◊ Ò1fl¡º
˝√√ø1À¬ı±˘ ÒıøÌÀȬ± ˘±À˝√√ ˘±À˝√√ ¬ı±1œ1 Ù¬±À˘ ’±·¬ı±øϬˇ˘º
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¬ı±1œ‡Ú ’±ÀȬ±˜ÀȬ±fl¡±ø1Õfl¡ ¸ÀÊ√±ª±, 1+¬Û ¸fl¡À˘± fl¡±˜ÀÓ¬
¬Ûø1¬Û±øȬ ’±øÂ√˘º ¬Û≈‡≈1œÀȬ±1 ¬Û±1Ó¬ ŒÚ˜≈·Â√º ‚11 fl¡±¯∏ÀÓ¬
Ôfl¡± ¬ı·1œÀÊ√±¬Û± Ù≈¬ø˘ÀÂ√º ’˘¬Û ”√11 ¬ı“±˝√√øÚά1± Œ¬Û±ª±1
’±·ÀÓ¬ øfl¡Â≈√ͬ±˝√◊ ˜≈fl¡ø˘º ˜≈fl¡ø˘ ˜±ÀÚ ‰¬±—, ¬Û≈øÓ¬ ŒÔ±ª± ¬ı“±˝√√1
’±·ø˘ ’±ø√À¬ı±1 ’±ÀÂ√, ·Â√À¬ı±1 ˜ø1˘º øÊ√fl¡± ’±1n∏
ŒÓ¬ÀÚÊ√±Ó¬œ˚˛ Œ‡øÓ¬ ˘·±˝√◊øÂ√˘º Œ˜±fl¡ ø√˚˛± øÊ√fl¡±Ù≈¬˘1
Ù¬ÀȬ±À¬ı±1 ˝√◊˚˛±ÀÓ¬ ŒÓ¬±˘± ’±øÂ√˘ ‰¬±À·º
– øfl¡ Ù≈¬˘ ˆ¬±˘À¬Û±ª±∑
– ø˚Àfl¡±ÀÚ± ¬ıÚ1œ˚˛± Ù≈¬˘º 1— ·±Ï¬ˇ ˝√í¬ı ˘±ø·¬ıº
 – Œ‰¬±ª±, ¤˝√◊À¬ı±1 øfl¡ Ù≈¬˘ Ê√±Ú±∑
– ˝√◊˜±Ú Ò≈Úœ˚˛±/ øfl¡ Ù≈¬˘∑
– ¤˝√◊ÀȬ± øÊ√fl¡±Ù≈¬˘º ¤˝√◊À¬ı±1 ˆ¬±Ó¬Àfl¡À1˘±º 1í¬ı±, ¤˚˛±
Œ¸±Ì-¬Û1n∏ª± ˘Ó¬±1 Ù≈¬˘º fl¡±˝√◊Õ˘ Œ¬ıÀ˘· ø√ ’±ÀÂ√±º
Â√ø¬ıÀ¬ı±1 ¤‡Ú ¤‡ÚÕfl¡ Œ√‡≈ª±˝√◊øÂ√˘ 1+À¬Ûº
– ¤˝√◊ø¬ıÒ1 Ê√±Ú±, Ú±˜ ŒÚÊ√±ÀÚ±º ¸1n∏ÀÓ¬ ‡≈¬ı Œ‡ø˘øÂ√À˘“±º
¸1n∏ &øȬÀȬ± øȬø¬Û ø√À˘ Ù¬±øȬ ‚”1Ìœ˚˛± Δ˝√√ ˚±˚˛, fl¡±ÌÙ≈¬ø˘
›˘ø˜ Ôfl¡±1 √À1 Œ√ø‡º
¬Û≈‡≈1œÀȬ±1 ø¸ÀȬ± ¬Û±À1 ø‰¬È¬±‡Ú ¬Û±øÓ¬ÀÂ√º ‚11 ˝√√√1
øˆ¬Ó¬1ÀÓ¬º √˜fl¡˘1 ¬Û±11 ¬Û1± Œ√ø‡ Ô±øfl¡º Ê√≈˝√◊ ’±1n∏ ŒÒ“±ª±˝√◊
’±&ø1 Òø1ÀÂ√ 1+¬Ûfl¡º
’˘¬Û fl¡±¯∏Õ˘ Δ·øÂ√À˘“±, ŒÓ¬øÓ¬˚˛± ·±Ó¬ ø‚ ‚ø˝√√ Ó¬˘˜≈ª±Õfl¡
qª±˝√◊ ø√øÂ√˘ 1+¬Ûfl¡º Ó¬±1ø¬Û‰¬Ó¬ ‰¬±˝√◊ Ôfl¡±1 ΔÒ˚«… Ú˝√√í˘º
√˜fl¡˘1 ¬Û±1 ¬Û±À˘±ø˝√√º ˜≈‡‡Ú ¤ÀÚ˝√◊ ’˘¬Û Ò≈˝√◊ Δ˘ ˝√◊˚˛±ÀÓ¬
¬ıø˝√√ Ô±øfl¡À˘“±º Ê√≈˝√◊ ;ø˘ Ô±øfl¡˘º
– ¤˝√◊Àfl¡˝√◊ø√Ú õ∂øÓ¬¸±Ê√ÀÓ¬ ˜±Â√, ø¬ı1øMê ˘±ø· Δ·ÀÂ√º
– ’±˜±À1±º
– ¬Û≈ø1 ‡±¬ı ¬Û±ø1À˘ ˆ¬±˘ ¬Û±›, ¸≈ø¬ıÒ± Ú±˝√◊º 1±øg ’±?±
fl¡ø1 ’±1n∏ øfl¡˜±Ú ‡±˜º
– ˜˝√◊ ¬Û≈ø1 ‡±¬ıÕ˘ Œ¬ı˚˛± ¬Û±›º Ú±‡±›º
– øfl¡˚˛∑
– ˜±Ú≈˝√ Œ¬Û±1± ˜±Ú≈˝√ Œ¬Û±1± Œ·±g±˝√◊º
¬ıÓ¬±˝√√Ó¬ Œ¬Û±1± Œ·±gÀȬ± ˆ¬±ø˝√√ ’±ø˝√√ÀÂ√º ˝√◊˚˛±Õ˘Àfl¡
¬Û±˝√◊ÀÂ√ø˝√√º 1+¬Û1 ·±1 Œ·±g Ú˝√√˚˛ Ú˝√√˚˛, 1+¬Û1 ·± ¬Û≈ø1 Œ˚±ª±
Œ·±gº ’±Àfl¡Ã ‰¬fl≈¡ Œ¸À˜øfl¡ ’±ø˝√√˘, ‰¬±Ú¢≠±Â√ÀÊ√±1 ø¬Ûøg ˘íÀ˘±º
– ˝√◊Ó¬±À˝√√ Œˆ¬˘Ó¬ Ê√≈˝√◊ ˘±˝√◊·øÂ√º ≈√˝√◊‚∞I◊±˜±Ú ˘±˝√◊·À¬ı±
’±1n∏º
– Œ¬ıøÂ√ ˘±˝√◊·À¬ı± √±ø√º øÓ¬øÚ1 Ó¬˘Ó¬ ÚÀ˝√√º ¬ıÓ¬±À˝√√±
’±ÀÂ√º ’±g±1 ˝√√1 ’±·ÀÓ¬ Œ˝√√±ø˘ Œ˝√√±Àªº Œfl¡˝√◊Ȭ± ¬ı±øÊ√˘À˝√√∑
Œ˜±Àfl¡ ¸≈øÒÀ˘ Œ˚Ú ˘±ø·˘º fl¡íÀ˘±º
’±ÕϬˇ ¬ı±øÊ√ Δ·ÀÂ√º ˘í1± ≈√Ê√ÀÚ 1„√√± ‰¬±˝√√ ø¬ı˘±˝√◊ Ù≈¬ø1ÀÂ√º
˘·Ó¬ ø¬ı¶≥®È¬º Œ˜±1 ¸˜≈‡ÀÓ¬± ’±ø˝√√ øÔ˚˛ ˝í˘º ˝√◊øeÀÓ¬À1 Ú±‡±›
¬ı≈ø˘ ¬ı≈Ê√±À˘“±º
– ’±¬ÛÚ±fl¡ ‡≈άˇœ ’˘¬Û¬Û1 Ô±øfl¡ ˚±›ÀÓ¬ ˜±Ó¬ ø√ ˚±¬ı±
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Δ¬ı˙±˘œÀ˚˛ ˝√í¬ı, Œ¬ıÀ˘·ÀÚ± Œfl¡±ÀÚ Œ˜±fl¡ ø‰¬øÚ ¬Û±¬ıº
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– ˘í1±ÀȬ± ’˘¬Û ά±„√√1 ˝√√íÀ˘ ˆ¬±˘ ’±øÂ√˘º Œ¬ıøÂ√ ¸1n∏
Δ˝√√ Ô±øfl¡˘º
– ’, Œ˝√√º ’±˜±1 ’øÙ¬‰¬1 fl¡±˜ø‡øÚ Δ˝√√ ˚±¬ıº øÊ√˘±
’øÙ¬‰¬Ó¬À˝√√ ¬ı± øfl¡ fl¡À1∑
– Δ˝√√ Œ˝√√º øÚÊ√1 øά¬Û±È¬«À˜∞I◊1 ˜±Ú≈˝√À1 ¬Û˝√◊Â√± ‡±˝√◊º
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˜±Ú≈˝√º ‚”ø1 ’±ø˝√√À˘“±º
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– ’, ø¸˜±ÀÚ ˝√√˘º Œ¬Û=Ú Ú±˝√◊ ¤ÚÀÔ±1, ’±ø˜ Œ¬Û=Ú
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– ˜±ÀÚ∑ øfl¡ Œ¬ıÀ˘·∑
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Ó≈¬ø˘ ¬ı“±˝√√1 ‰≈¬„√√±ÀȬ±Ó¬ ˆ¬1±˝√◊ÀÂ√º
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ŒÙ¬±Ú Ú— – 9899479672

Œ¬ıø˘ÀȬ± ’±ø˝√√ Œ˝√√±˘±ÀȬ±1 ·±ÀÓ¬ ·± ˘±ø· Ôfl¡± ˝√√±ø¬ı‡Ú1
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fl¡ø1 Ê√˚˛±fl¡ fl¡Ô±ÀȬ± fl¡íÀ˘º
ñ ˜±Â√ øfl¡c ’±ÀÂ√ Œ√˝√◊, ˜˝√◊ √˘ Ȭ±øÚ Ô±Àfl¡“±ÀÓ¬˝√◊
¤˝√◊ÀȬ± ·Õ1 ¬Û±À˘± ‰¬±º Œˆ¬È¬±ÀȬ± ˆ¬±˘Õfl¡ U1±¬ı ˘±ø·¬ı ˝√√À˘º
˜±fl¡ÀÚ ˝√√±Ó¬1 ˜≈øͬÀ1 Œfl¡±ÀÚ±˜ÀÓ¬ Òø1 1±ø‡¬ı ¬Û1± ·Õ1ÀȬ±
Œ√‡≈ª±˝√◊ fl¡íÀ˘ º
ñ ’±ÀÂ√ ’±ÀÂ√, ¤˝√◊ÀȬ± Œ˝√√±˘±Ó¬ ˜±Â√ Ú±Ô±øfl¡À˘ Œfl¡ÀÚÕfl¡
˝√√í¬ı ˝√√˚˛ ŒÚº Ó¬˝√√“øÓ¬ Œ¸±Úfl¡±À˘ √˘ Œ·±È¬±º
Œ¸˚˛± Œ¬ı±fl¡± ‡±øμ Ôfl¡± Œ¸Î◊¬øÓ¬1 ˜±Ó¬º ¤˝√◊¬ı±1 ˜±Ó¬
Œ¬ı±˘ ¬ıg fl¡ø1 Œ·±ÀȬ˝√◊ Œfl¡˝√◊Ê√Úœ fl¡±˜Ó¬ ˘±ø· ·í˘º
Œˆ¬È¬± Δ˝√√ÀÂ√ ˜±Â√ Ò1± ¤È¬± ¸˝√√Ê√ Î◊¬¬Û±˚˛º ·“±ª1 ŒÂ√±ª±˘œ-
Œ¬ı±ª±1œÀ¬ı±À1 ˘· ˘±ø· ¬ÛÔ±11 Œ˝√√±˘±À¬ı±1Ó¬ ¤˝√◊ Œˆ¬È¬±À¬ı±1
ø√À˚˛º Œˆ¬È¬± ø√¬ı1 ¬ı±À¬ı ˜±øȬ ¤Î¬1±1 ’±È¬±˝√◊Ó¬Õfl¡ √ ͬ±˝√◊
È≈¬fl¡≈1± ¬ı±ø‰¬ Œ˘±ª± ˝√√˚˛º Ó¬±Ó¬ õ∂ÔÀ˜ ‰¬±ø1›Ù¬±À˘ Œ¬ı±fl¡± ’±1n∏

47
√˘ ‚“±À˝√√À1 ¬ı±g ø√ Œˆ¬È¬±ÀȬ± ’±˚˛Ó¬ ’±fl¡±11 √À1 ¸Ê√±˝√◊
Œ¬ÛÀ˘±ª± ˝√√˚˛º √ Ù¬±À˘ ˜≈‡‡Ú 1±ø‡ ŒÚÀˆ¬È¬±Õfl¡ 1±À‡ ’±1n∏
Œ¸˝√◊ ˜≈‡1 fl¡±¯∏ÀÓ¬ ˘±øÚ ¬Û±øÓ¬ √˘ ’˘¬Û 1±ø‡ Ô˚˛º Œˆ¬È¬±ÀȬ±
¸±øÊ√ Œ˙¯∏ ˝√√íÀ˘ ¸fl¡À˘±Àª ¬ÛÔ±1ά1± ˝√√±ÀÓ¬À1, ˆ¬ø1À1 ¬Û±Úœ
Â√øȬ˚˛±˝√◊ ˜±Â√À¬ı±1 Œˆ¬È¬±ÀȬ±1 ˜≈‡‡Ú1 Ù¬±À˘ Œ‡ø√ ’±ÀÚ ’±1n∏
Œˆ¬È¬±1 fl¡±¯∏ Œ¬Û±ª±1 ˘À· ˘À· fl¡±¯∏ÀÓ¬ Ôfl¡± ‚“±˝√√ ¬ı± √˘1
√À˜À1 Œ¸˝√◊ ˜≈‡‡Ú ¬ıg fl¡ø1 ø√À˚˛º Ó¬±1 ¬Û±Â√Ó¬ Œ¸˝√◊ Œˆ¬È¬±ÀȬ±1
øˆ¬Ó¬1Ó¬ ¬ıμœ Δ˝√√ ¬Û1± ˜±Â√À¬ı±1 Ê√±Õfl¡À1 Ò1± ˝√√˚˛ º
ñ Œ¸±Ì˜Ìœ Ó¬˝√◊ Œ√À‡±Ú ’±øÊ√ ŒÓ¬ÀÚ˝√◊ øÚ˜±Ó¬œ Δ˝√√
’±Â√, ˜±À˚˛À1 øfl¡¬ı± ˆ¬±¯∏Ì ø√À˘ ŒÚøfl¡∑
√˘ ¤À¸±¬Û± Ȭ±øÚ ’±øÚ Ô±Àfl¡“±ÀÓ¬ 1À˝√√Õ√À˚˛ fl¡±¯∏ÀÓ¬
Ôfl¡± Œ¸±Ú˜Ìœfl¡ ¸≈øÒÀ˘º
ñ Ú±˝√◊, ¤Àfl¡± Œ˝√√±ª± Ú±˝√◊ ’íº ¬ıí˘ Œˆ¬È¬± U1±¬ı ˝√√í˘º
Œ¸±Ì˜Ìœ1 fl¡Ô±Ó¬ 1À˝√√Õ√ ˘1±˘ø1Õfl¡ √˘ø‡øÚ Œˆ¬È¬±1
˜≈‡Ó¬ 1±ø‡À˘Õ·º Ó¬±1¬Û±Â√1 ’±Ò±‚∞I◊±˜±Ú ¸˜˚˛ ø¸˝√√“øÓ¬ ¬ı1
¬ı…ô¶Ó¬±À1 ¬Û±1 fl¡ø1À˘º
ñ ŒÓ¬±1 Ê√±Õfl¡Ó¬ ¸√±˚˛ÀÚ± Œfl¡ÀÚÕfl¡ Œ¬ıøÂ√ ˜±Â√ Î◊¬Àͬ∑
Œˆ¬È¬± ˜±ø1 Î◊¬øͬ fl¡Í¬œ˚˛±øÚ ¤‡ÚÓ¬ ¬ıø˝√√ øÊ√1±›“ÀÓ¬ Ê√˚˛±˝√◊
Œ¸±Ú˜Ìœ1 ‡±Õ˘ÀȬ± ‰¬±˝√◊ ¸≈øÒÀ˘º
ñ ˜˝√◊ ˜±Â√ Ú±¬Û±À˘ Œfl¡±ÀÚ ¬Û±¬ıº ø¬ÛÀÂ√ ¤øÓ¬˚˛± ’±ø˜
˝√◊˚˛±Ó¬ ¬ıø˝√√ Ô±øfl¡À˘ ’±˝√◊À˚˛ Œ˚ 1±øÓ¬ ‚1Ó¬ Œ¸±˜±¬ıÕ˘ øÚø√À˚˛
Œ¸˚˛± ‡±È¬±—º
Œ¸±Ì˜ÌœÀ˚˛ ø˜ø‰¬øfl¡˚˛±˝√◊ ˝√√“±ø˝√√ ¤È¬± ˜±ø1 Œfl¡±ª± fl¡Ô±¯∏±1
qøÚ ¬ı˘ ¬ı˘ ¬ı≈ø˘ Δfl¡ Œ·±ÀȬ˝√◊ Œfl¡˝√◊Ê√ÚœÀ˚˛ øÚÊ√1 øÚÊ√1
Ê√±Õfl¡ Ó≈¬ø˘ Δ˘ ‚1Õ˘ ¬ı≈ø˘ Œ‡±Ê√ ø√À˘º
Ú„√√˘±Î¬±˘ ‡≈ø˘ Œ‰¬±Ó¬±˘Ó¬ ˆ¬ø1 ø√À˚˛ Œ¸±Ú˜ÌœÀ˚˛
Œ√ø‡À˘ ˜±Àfl¡ ’±À¬ıø˘1 Œ‰¬±Ó¬±˘‡Ú ¸1±˝√◊ Ú±˝√º◊ ‚11 ≈√ª±1‡ÀÚ±
¬ıgº ˜±fl¡ Ú±˝√◊ ‰¬±Õ·º Ê√±Õfl¡ ’±1n∏ ‡±Õ˘ÀȬ± ø¬Û1±ø˘ÀÓ¬ ΔÔ
¬ı±Ï¬ˇÚœÀȬ± Δ˘ ˘1±˘ø1Õfl¡ ≈√À˚˛±‡Ú Œ‰¬±Ó¬±˘ ¸±ø1À˘º ¬ı±ø˝√√À1
¬ı±ø˝√√À1 ·±ÀȬ±› øÓ¬˚˛±˝√◊ ’±ø˝√√˘º ‰¬±øfl¡Àfl¡˝√◊Ȭ±Ó¬ ŒÓ¬˘ ˆ¬1±¬ıÕ˘
˘›“ÀÓ¬˝√◊ ˜±fl¡ ’±ø˝√√ ›˘±˘ø˝√√º
ñ ˜±Â√ ˜±ø1¬ıÕ˘ Œ˚±ª±1 ‰¬À˘À1 fl¡±1‚1Ó¬ Œ˜À‡˘± Ò≈˝√◊
’±øÂ√ø˘ ˝√√˚˛ÀÚ ˙“±ø‡Úœ∑ ŒÍ¬— ˆ¬±ø„√√ øάø„√√Ó¬ ›À˘±˜±˝√◊ ø√À˘À˝√√
˚ø√ ‚1Ó¬ Œ‡±¬ÛøÚ 1í¬ıº
˜±Àfl¡ ’±ø˝√√À˚˛˝√◊ ·±ø˘ ’±1y fl¡ø1 ø√À˘º Œ¸±Ú˜ÌœÀ˚˛
’±Úfl¡±˘1 √À1˝√◊ øÚ˜±ÀÓ¬ fl¡±˜ fl¡ø1 Ô±øfl¡˘º
ñ ˜±Ó¬ Ú±˜±øÓ¬ 1Ì øÊ√øfl¡˜ ¬ı≈ø˘ ˆ¬±ø¬ıÂ√ ŒÚøfl¡∑ ¬ı±À¬ÛÀ1
’±˝√√fl¡ ’±øÊ√º
48
¬ıøfl¡ ¬ıøfl¡ ˜±Àfl¡ Δ· ‡±Õ˘ÀȬ± Ê√≈ø˜ ‰¬±À˘º Ò¬ÛÒ¬Û±˝√◊
Ôfl¡± ά±„√√1 ά±„√√1 ·Õ1 Œfl¡˝√◊Ȭ± Œ√ø‡ ˜±Ú≈˝√Ê√Úœ ’˘¬Û ˙±ôL
˝√√í˘º ˝√◊˚˛±fl¡ Ò1 ¬ı≈ø˘-fl¡±øμ Ôfl¡± øÓ¬øÚ¬ıÂ√1œ˚˛± ˘í1±ÀȬ±
Œ¸±Ú˜Ìœfl¡ ø√ ˜±Â√ ¬ıÂ√±Ó¬ ˘±ø·˘º ˆ¬±À˚˛fl¡fl¡ Δ˘ Œ¸±Ú˜Ìœ
Œ‰¬±Ó¬±˘Õ˘ ›˘±˝√◊ ’±ø˝√√˘º &Ì &Ì Δfl¡ ·±Ú ¤È¬± ’±›1±À˘º
ˆ¬±À˚˛fl¡ÀȬ±Àª ˜±fl¡Ó¬Õfl¡ Ó¬±˝√◊fl¡À˝√√ Œ¬ıøÂ√ ˆ¬±˘ ¬Û±˝√◊º Ó¬±˝√◊1
Œfl¡±˘±Ó¬ Î◊¬øͬÀ˚˛˝√◊ ø¸ fl¡±Àμ±Ú ¤ø1À˘º ’±fl¡±˙Õ˘ ‰¬±À˘ Ó¬±˝√◊º
˜±ÀÊ√ ˜±ÀÊ√ ¤˝√◊√À1˝√◊ ’±fl¡±˙Õ˘ ‰¬±˚˛º ’±fl¡±˙1 Œfl¡±ÀÚ±¬ı±ÀȬ±
‰≈¬fl¡Ó¬ Ó¬±˝√◊1 ˜±fl¡ ’±ÀÂ√ ‰¬±Õ·º Œ¸˝√◊Ê√Úœ ˜±fl¡ ø˚ Ó¬±˝√◊fl¡ Ê√ij
ø√øÂ√˘, ø˚·1±fl¡œÀ˚˛ Ó¬±˝√◊1 ·±Ó¬ Ù≈¬È¬ ¤È¬±› ¬Ûø1¬ıÕ˘ ø√˚˛±
Ú±øÂ√˘º Œfl¡ÀÚ ’±øÂ√˘ Œ¸˝√◊ø√Ú... Œ¸±Ú˜ÌœÀ˚˛ ‰¬fl¡≈˜≈ø√ Î◊¬˜±Ú
˘í¬ı ‡≈ÀÊ√º Œ¸“±ª1Ìœ ’˘¬Û ’±ø˝√√ Ó¬±˝√◊fl¡ Ê√≈1n∏˘± fl¡ø1 ˚±˚˛º
ñ Œ¸±...Ú ...˜...Ìœ...
fl¡±À1±¬ı±1 Œ‰¬¬Û± ˜±Ó¬Ó¬ Œ¸±Ú˜ÌœÀ˚˛ ‰¬˘‰¬˘œ˚˛± Δ˝√√ ¬Û1±
‰¬fl¡≈ ≈√Ȭ± ˜ø‰¬ ˜ø‰¬ ˝√◊Ù¬±À˘ ø¸Ù¬±À˘ ‰¬±À˘º ˜≈øÚ‰≈¬øÚ Œ¬ıø˘fl¡±1
Œ¬Û±˝√√1fl¡ÌÓ¬ Œ√ø‡À˘ ¬ı±È¬1 Ù¬±À˘ Ôfl¡± ø¸˝√√“Ó¬1 ¬ı±1œ ¸œ˜±1
ŒÊ√›1± fl¡±¯∏Ó¬ Œfl¡±ÀÚ±¬ı± ¤È¬± Δ1 ’±ÀÂ√º Œ¸±Ú˜Ìœ ˘1±˘ø1Õfl¡
Œ¸˝√◊Ù¬±À˘ ·í˘º
ñ øfl¡˝√√í˘ 1—˜Úfl¡±˝√◊∑ ¤˝√◊ ·Ò”ø˘ Œ¬ıø˘fl¡± øfl¡˝√√1 ¬ı±À¬ı
¤˝√◊ ˘œ˘±‡Ú fl¡ø1Â√∑ ’±˝√◊À˚˛ ·˜ ¬Û±À˘ Œ˜±fl¡ ≈√À‰¬› fl¡ø1¬ıº
Ó¬±˝√◊ ‡— Î◊¬øͬ Δ·øÂ√˘º
ñ Œ¬ı±À˘± Ê√˚˛±˝√◊ ’±øÊ√ øfl¡¬ı± fl¡íÀ˘ ŒÚøfl¡∑ ’ÔøÚ
Ó¬˝√√“Ó¬fl¡ Œˆ¬È¬± ø√¬ıÕ˘ Œ˚±ª± Œ√ø‡øÂ√À˘“±º
1—˜ÀÚ Œ¸±Ú˜Ìœ1 ˝√√±Ó¬Ó¬ ŒÈ¬±À¬Û±˘± ¤È¬± ø√ ¸≈øÒÀ˘º
ñ ¤Àfl¡± Œfl¡±ª± Ú±˝√◊ Ó¬±˝√◊º øfl¡¬ı± fl¡íÀ˘ ˜˝√◊ ŒÓ¬±fl¡ fl¡˜
Ú˝√√˚˛ ’±1n∏ ¤˝√◊À¬ı±1 øfl¡ ø√Â√∑ ’±À˚˛ Œ√ø‡À˘ Œ˜±Àfl¡ ¸Àμ˝√√
fl¡ø1¬ıº
ñ ¤¸ ¤Àfl¡± Úfl¡˚˛ Œ√º ‰¬±Ú± ≈√Ȭ±˜±Ú ’±øÚÀÂ√“± ‡±ø¬ıº
Ê√˚˛±Àfl¡± Ó¬˝√√“Ó¬1 ‚1Õ˘ ’±ø˝√√À˘ ’˘¬Û ø√ø¬ı ’±1n∏ qÚ Ó¬±˝√◊fl¡
fl¡ø¬ı ’±˝√◊À˚˛ Œ˜±Õ˘ ŒÂ√±ª±˘œ ‰¬±˝√◊ÀÂ√º Ó¬±˝√◊ ˚ø√ ˜Ú ø√› øÚø√›“
fl¡ø1 Ô±Àfl¡ ˜˝√◊ ˝√√íÀ˘ Œ¬ıÀ˘·fl¡ ’±øÚ ¬ı1‚1 qªøÚ fl¡ø1˜ Δ·º
fl¡Ô±¯∏±1 Δfl¡À˚˛ ‡1 Œ‡±ÀÊ√À1 1—˜Ú ’“±Ó¬ø1 ·í˘º
Œ¸±Ú˜ÌœÀ˚˛ ˘1±˘ø1Õfl¡ ‚11 Ù¬±À˘ Î◊¬ˆ¬øÓ¬ ‰¬±À˘ ˜±Àfl¡ Œ√‡±
Ú±˝√◊ÀÓ¬±/ ¤˝√◊ 1—˜ÚÀȬ±Àª fl¡±˝√√±øÚ¬ı± ˜±ø1¬ı Ó¬±˝√◊fl¡º ø¸ø√Ú±
¬ıάˇ-·Â√1 Ó¬˘Ó¬ ŒÊ√±1Õfl¡ 1‡±˝√◊ Ê√˚˛±1 fl¡Ô± ¸≈øÒøÂ√˘º ø¸Ù¬±˘1
¬Û1± ’±ø˝√√ Ôfl¡± ‡≈1œÀ˚˛fl¡ ¤Ê√ÚœÀ˚˛ Œ√ø‡À˘ ˚ø√› ¤Àfl¡±
Úfl¡À˘ ¬ı≈ø˘À˝√√ 1鬱º
1—˜Ú, ·“±ª1 ·“±› ¬ı≈Ϭˇ±1 ¤fl¡˜±S ¬Û≈ÀÓ¬fl¡º ’ªÀ˙…
·“±›¬ı≈Ϭˇ± ’±1n∏ ·“±ª1 ’±ÚÀ¬ı±1 ˜±Ú≈˝√1 ‚11 Δ¸ÀÓ¬ ÒÚ ¸•Û√1
ø¬ıÀ˙¯∏ ¤Àfl¡± ¬Û±Ô«fl¡… Ú±˝√◊º Ó¬Ô±ø¬Û› ·“±›¬ı≈Ϭˇ±1 ¬Û≈ÀÓ¬fl¡ ¬ı≈ø˘À˚˛˝√◊
Ó¬±1 ˜˝√◊˜Ó¬±ø˘ ’˘¬Û Œ¬ıøÂ√º ø¬ı˚˛±-¬ı±1n∏ fl¡1±¬ı› Ú≈‡≈Àʺ ˜±ÀÔ±
’±øÊ√ ˝√◊Ê√Úœ fl¡±ø˘ ø¸Ê√Úœ ŒÂ√±ª±˘œ1 ˜Ú Δ˘ Ù≈¬À1º Œ¸˝√◊ÀȬ±
¶§ˆ¬±ª Œ√ø‡À˚˛˝√◊ ’˘¬Ûø√Ú1 ’±·ÀÓ¬ ¬ı±À¬ÛÀfl¡ Ó¬±fl¡ ¸fl¡œ˚˛±˝√◊
ø√À˘, ¤˝√◊¬ı±1 ø¸ ø˚Ê√Úœ1 ˘·ÀÓ¬ ‚≈ø1¬ı Œ¸˝√◊Ê√ÚœÀfl¡ ‚1Ó¬
Œ¸±À˜±ª±¬ı ˘±ø·¬ıº ¬ı±À¬Ûfl¡1 fl¡Ô± ¬ı≈ø˘À˘˝√◊ Œ˚ ’±À√˙ Œ¸˚˛±
¸fl¡À˘±Àª Ê√±ÀÚ ’±1n∏ Œ¸˝√◊ ’±À√˙ ’˜±Ú… fl¡1±1 ¸±˝√√¸ fl¡±À1±
Ú±˝√◊º Œ¸˝√◊¬ı±À¬ı Ó¬±1 ¬Û±Â√À1 ¬Û1± 1—˜Ú ’˘¬Û ¸±ªÒ±Ú ˝√√í˘º
ø¬ÛÀÂ√ ˜ÚÀ˝√√ øfl¡˜±Ú ”√1 ¬ı±øg 1±ø‡¬ı ¬Û±ø1¬ı, ¤˝√◊¬ı±1 Ó¬±1 ‰¬fl≈¡
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Ê√˚˛±1 ›¬Û1Ó¬º ø¬ÛÀÂ√ Ê√˚˛±˝√◊ Ó¬±fl¡ &1n∏Q˝√◊ øÚø√À˚˛º ¤ÀÚ›
1+¬Û˝√√œ ¬ı≈ø˘ Ê√˚˛±1 Ú±˜ ¤È¬± ’±ÀÂ√, ·øÓ¬Àfl¡ Ó¬±˝√◊ Ó¬±fl¡ Ú‰≈¬ª±˝√◊
’±ÀÂ√º 1—˜ÀÚ øÚÊ√1 ˜±Ê√ÀÓ¬ ¤È¬± ø¸X±ôL ˘íÀ˘ Ê√˚˛±Àfl¡ ø¸
Ó¬±1 ˘·1œ fl¡ø1 ’±øÚ¬ıº øfl¡˜±Ú ’±1n∏ Œõ∂˜1 Œ‡˘± Œ‡ø˘
Ô±øfl¡¬ıº Œ¸˝√◊¬ı±À¬ı ø¸ ¤˝√◊¬ı±1 Œ¸±Ú˜Ìœ1 fl¡±¯∏ ‰¬±ø¬Û˘º Ó¬±˝√◊1
˝√√Ó≈¬ª±˝√◊ Ê√˚˛±1 ˜Ú ‚≈1±¬ıÕ˘ Œ‰¬©Ü± fl¡ø1ÀÂ√º Œ¸±Ú˜Ìœ ¶§ˆ¬±ªÓ¬
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Ù¬ø˘˚˛± fl¡ø1 Δ˘ÀÂ√º
ñ ‹ ‰¬·± ¬Û1± ø√ ŒÓ¬ÀÚÕfl¡ Δ1 ’±Â√ Œ˚ ¬ı±À¬ÛÀ1 ˜±øÓ¬
’±ÀÂ√ qÚ± Ú±˝√◊ ŒÚøfl¡ ˜˝√√±1±ÌœÀ˚˛∑
˜±fl¡1 ˜±Ó¬Ó¬ Œ¸±Ú˜Ìœ ‡¬ÛÊ√¬Û±˝√◊ ¬ı˝√√± ¬Û1± Î◊¬øͬ˘º
ø√ÚÀȬ±1 ˆ¬±·À1 Ó¬±˝√◊fl¡ Ê√≈1n∏˘± fl¡ø1 Œ¬Û˘±˝√◊øÂ√˘º ˆ¬±À˚˛fl¡fl¡
ø¬ı‰¬Ú±Ó¬ qª±˝√◊ ø√¬ıÕ˘ ’±ø˝√√ fl¡±¯∏ÀÓ¬ ¬ıø˝√√ ŒÈ¬±¬ÛøÚÀ˚˛ Δ·øÂ√˘º
˝√√±ø˜˚˛±˝√◊ ˝√√±ø˜˚˛±˝√◊ Ó¬±˝√◊ Ê√≈˝√±˘1 Ù¬±À˘ ·í˘º
ñ ø¬ÛÓ¬±˝√◊, ˜±øÓ¬øÂ√ø˘∑
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ñ 1—˜Úfl¡±˝√◊À˚˛ ø√øÂ√˘ øfl¡c...
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˜±Ú≈˝√Ê√ÀÚ ˝√√±Ó¬ ≈√‡Ú ø¬Ûøͬ1 Ù¬±À˘ 1±ø‡ ¬ı1‚1ÀȬ±1
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·“±›¬ı≈Ϭˇ± ’±Àfl¡Ã Ê√±„≈√1 ‡±˝√◊ Î◊¬øͬ˘º
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1—˜ÀÚ Ù≈¬È¬± Ú≈Ù≈¬È¬± ˜±ÀÓ¬À1 ’±Àfl¡Ã fl¡íÀ˘º
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Ê√±ÀÚ±º Δ‚ÌœÀ˚˛Àfl¡ ˆ≈¬À˘-qÀX ø˚ fl¡˚˛ Ó¬±Àfl¡ ’±‡À1 ’±‡À1
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ñ Ê√±ÀÚ± ˜˝√◊ ¸fl¡À˘± Ê√±ÀÚ±, ˜±˝√√œ˜±fl¡Ê√ÚœÀ˚˛ ¬ı1
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 Ó¬±1 ¬Û±Â√Ó¬ 1—˜ÀÚ øfl¡¬ı± ¤È¬± ˆ¬±ø¬ıÀ˘º Ó¬±fl¡ ¤È¬± ø¶ö1
ø¸X±ôL ˘í¬ıÕ˘ Œ¸±Ú˜Ìœ1 ˜Ó¬±˜Ó¬À1± õ∂À˚˛±Ê√Ú ’±ÀÂ√º ø¸
Œ√Î◊¬øÓ¬1 ˝√√±Ó¬‡Ú ‡±À˜±‰¬ ˜±ø1 Òø1À˘º
ñ Ó¬˝√◊ ¤È¬± fl¡±˜ fl¡ø1 Œ√À‰¬±Ú Œ√Î◊¬øÓ¬, fl¡±À1±¬ı±1 ˝√√Ó≈¬ª±˝√◊
Œ˚ÀÚ ŒÓ¬ÀÚ Œ¸±Ú˜Ìœ Δ˘ ‡¬ı1 ¤È¬± ¬Ûͬ±˝√◊ Œ√ Ó¬±˝√◊fl¡ Œ˚ ˜˝√◊
fl¡±ø˘Õ˘ ’±À¬ıø˘ ˝√◊˚˛±ÀÓ¬ ˘· fl¡ø1¬ı ‡≈øÊ√ÀÂ√“±º
ñ ˝√◊˜±Úø‡øÚ Œ˝√√±ª±1 ¬Û±Â√Ó¬ Œ¸±Ú˜Ìœ ’±ø˝√√¬ı Ê√±ÀÚ±∑
˜±Àfl¡ Ê√±ÀÚ± ’±ø˝√√¬ıÕ˘ ø√¬ı∑
ñ Œ¸˚˛± ˜˝√◊Ú±Ê√±ÀÚ“±º Ó¬˝√◊ ˜±ÀÔ±Ú Œ˚ÀÚ ŒÓ¬ÀÚ ‡¬ı1ÀȬ±
¬Ûøͬ˚˛±˝√◊ Œ√º
1—˜ÀÚ ¬ı1 ’±À¬ıÀ·À1 fl¡íÀ˘º Œ√Î◊¬øÓ¬À˚˛ Œfl¡±ÀÚ±ø√ÀÚ
1—˜Úfl¡ ŒÓ¬ÀÚfl¡≈ª± 1+¬ÛÓ¬ Œ√‡± Ú±øÂ√˘º ø¸ 1—˜Ú1 ˝√√±Ó¬1
›¬Û1Ó¬ øÚÊ√1 ˝√√±Ó¬‡Ú ΔÔ fl¡íÀ˘ ñ˝√√í¬ı ¬ı±1n∏, ˜˝√◊ Œ‰¬©Ü±
fl¡ø1˜º
¸˜˚˛À¬ı±1 Œ˝√√ÀÚ± Œfl¡øÓ¬˚˛±¬ı± ’À¬Û鬱1 ø¬ı¬Û1œÓ¬ ø√À˙
˚±˚˛, ¬ı1 ˘±À˝√√ ˘±À˝√√º Œ¸˝√◊ ¤È¬± ø√Ú 1—˜Ú1 ¬ı±À¬ı ¬ı1 √œ‚˘
Œ˚Ú ˘±ø·˘º Œ˙¯∏ Ú˝√√˚˛ Œ˝√√ Ú˝√√˚˛º
’ªÀ˙¯∏ Œ˙¯∏ ˝√√í˘º øÚø√«©Ü ¸˜˚˛fl¡Ì ¬Û±À˘ø˝√√º
¬ı1¯∏≈Ì ’±ø˝√√¬ı ‰¬±Õ·º Œ˜‚À¬ı±À1 ’±fl¡±˙‡Ú fl¡í˘± fl¡ø1
Œ¬Û˘±˝√◊ÀÂ√º ˜±ÀÊ√ ˜±ÀÊ√ ¬ıÓ¬±À˝√√ ¤Ê√±Àfl¡ ¬ı±È¬1 Ò”ø˘À¬ı±1 Î◊¬1n∏ª±˝√◊
øÚ˚˛±1 ¬ı±À¬ı Ò”ø˘ Ò”ø˘ Œ·±ÀgÀ1 ’±ø˘¬ı±È¬ÀȬ± ˆ¬ø1 ¬Ûø1ÀÂ√º
Ó¬˘ ˜”1 fl¡ø1À˚˛˝√◊ 1—˜Ú ’±·¬ı±øϬˇÀÂ√º ˜ÚÀȬ± ‘√ϬˇÓ¬±À1 ˆ¬ø1
¬Ûø1ÀÂ√ ˚ø√› øfl¡¬ı± ¤fl¡ ˙—fl¡±Ó¬ Ó¬±1 ¬ı≈fl¡≈‡Ú fl¡“ø¬Û› Î◊¬øͬÀÂ√,
˚ø√ Ó¬±˝√◊ Ú±À˝√√, ˚ø√ Ó¬±˝√◊ Ó¬±1 fl¡Ô±Ó¬ ˜±øôL Ú˝√√˚˛ ŒÓ¬øÓ¬˚˛±∑
fl¡Í¬œ˚˛±øÚ‡Ú ¬Û±1 Δ˝√√À˚˛ ΔÚ ¬Û±11 Œ¸˝√◊ ’±˜ÀÊ√±¬Û±º Œ¸˝√◊˚˛±
”√11 ¬Û1± ø¸ Œ√ø‡ÀÂ√, Ó¬±˝√◊ Δ1 ’±ÀÂ√/ Ó¬±˝√◊ ’±ø˝√√ÀÂ√/ ˜ÚÀȬ±
ˆ¬±˘ ˘±ø· ·˘ Ó¬±1º
ñ 1—˜Úfl¡±˝√◊/
˝√√ͬ±ÀÓ¬ Œfl¡±ÀÚ±¬ı± ¤Ê√Úœ ’±ø˝√√ Ó¬±1 ¸˜≈‡Ó¬ øÔ˚˛ ˝√√í˘ø˝√√º
1—˜Ú ‰¬fl¡ ‡±˝√◊ Δ1 ·í˘º fl¡“fl¡±˘Ó¬ fl¡˘˝√√ Δ˘ Ê√˚˛±/ ¬Û±Úœ
øÚ¬ıÕ˘ ’±ø˝√√øÂ√˘ ˝√√í¬ı˘±º Ê√˚˛±fl¡ Œ√ø‡ ’±Úø√Ú±1 √À1 ø¸
Œ1±˜±ø=Ó¬ Δ˝√√ Ú≈øͬ˘º ¤˝√◊ ¸˜˚˛Ó¬ Œfl¡±ÀÚ±¬ı±˝√◊ Ó¬±1 ’˘¬Û
¸˜À˚˛± Ú©Ü fl¡1±ÀȬ± ø¸ øÚø¬ı‰¬±À1º
ñ ŒÓ¬±fl¡ ¬ıU ø√Ú1 ¬Û1±˝√◊ ¤È¬± fl¡Ô± fl¡˜ fl¡˜ ¬ı≈ø˘ ˆ¬±ø¬ı
’±øÂ√À˘“±º ˜˝√◊ Ê√±ÀÚ± ·“±ª1 ˜±Ú≈À˝√√ Œ¸±Ú˜Ìœ ’±1n∏ ŒÓ¬±1 ø˚
fl¡Ô± Î◊¬ø˘˚˛±˝√◊ÀÂ√ Œ¸˚˛± ø˜Â√±º ˜˝√◊...
1—˜ÀÚ Ê√˚˛±Õ˘ ‰¬±À˘º Ó¬±˝√◊ øfl¡ fl¡í¬ı ø¸ ’Ú≈˜±Ú fl¡ø1À˘,
·øÓ¬Àfl¡ øfl¡¬ı± Œfl¡±ª±1 ’±·ÀÓ¬˝√◊ fl¡íÀ˘,
ñ ’±øÊ√ ’±1n∏ Œ¸˝√◊ fl¡Ô± Ú≈qÚ Œ√ Ê√˚˛±º ¸˜˚˛À¬ı±1 ¬ı1
51
‡1Õfl¡ Œfl¡±ÀÚ±¬ı± Ù¬±À˘ &øÂ√ ·í˘º
Ê√˚˛±fl¡ ’±‰¬ø1Ó¬ fl¡ø1 1—˜Ú ‡1À‡√±Õfl¡ Ó¬±˝√◊fl¡ Œ√› ø√
Œ¸±Ú˜Ìœ Δ1 Ôfl¡± Ù¬±À˘ ’±·¬ı±øϬˇ˘º
ñ fl¡ øfl¡˚˛ ˜±øÓ¬øÂ√ø˘∑ Œ˜±fl¡ ˝√◊˜±Ú ø‡øÚ ¬ı√Ú±˜ fl¡ø1À˚˛
ŒÓ¬±1 Œ˝√√“¬Û±˝√√ Ú¬Û˘±À˘ ŒÚ∑
1—˜Ú Œ¸±Ú˜Ìœ1 fl¡±¯∏ Œ¬Û±ª±1 ˘À· ˘À· Ó¬±˝√◊ ‡À„√√À1
¸≈øÒÀ˘º ø¸ Œ¸±Ú˜ÌœÕ˘ ‰¬±À˘º ŒÂ√±ª±˘œÊ√Úœ ¤˝√◊ ≈√ø√ÚÀÓ¬
øfl¡¬ı± Œ˚Ú qfl¡±˝√◊ ·í˘º ¤˝√◊ õ∂Ô˜ ø¸ Ó¬±˝√◊Õ˘ ¤fl¡ Œõ∂ø˜fl¡1
‘√ø©ÜÀ1 ‰¬±À˘º ¬ı≈fl¡≈‡Ú ˝√√˜˝√√˜±˝√◊ ·í˘ Ó¬±1º Œ¸±Ú˜Ìœ1 ˝√√±Ó¬
¤‡Ú ‡±˜≈ø‰¬ Òø1 fl¡íÀ˘,
ñ Œ¸±Ú˜Ìœ, ˜˝√◊ Ê√±ÀÚ± ˜˝√◊ Œ¬ı˚˛± ˘í1±º øfl¡c Ó¬˝√◊ ˚ø√
˜Ó¬ ø√˚˛ ˜˝√◊ ŒÓ¬±fl¡ ¤øÓ¬˚˛±˝√◊ Œ˜±1 fl¡ø1 ¬Û˘≈ª±˝√◊ øÚ˜º fl¡Ô±
ø√ÀÂ√“± ŒÓ¬±fl¡ ˜˝√◊ Œfl¡±ÀÚ±ø√ÀÚ ≈√‡Ó¬ Ú±1±À‡“±º ˜˝√◊ ˆ¬±˘ ˝√√혺
˜±ÀÔ± Ó¬˝√◊ ˘· Œ√º ˜˝√◊ ˝√◊˚˛±À1± Œ˚±·… Ú˝√√˚˛ ŒÚ∑
¤È¬± ¬Û˘ øÚ1Àª˝√◊ ¬Û±1 Δ˝√√ ·í˘º Œ¸˝√◊ ¬Û˘ÀȬ±Àª˝√◊ ¤È¬±
˚≈· Œ˚Ú ˘±ø·˘ 1—˜Ú1º Œ¸±Ú˜ÌœÀ˚˛ ¤Àfl¡± Œfl¡±ª± Ú±˝√◊ ˜±ÀÔ±
Ó¬±1 ‰¬fl¡≈Õ˘ ‰¬±˝√◊ ’±ÀÂ√º ’˘¬Û ¬Û±Â√Ó¬ Œfl¡±ÀÚ±˜ÀÓ¬ ˜±Ó¬¯∏±1
Î◊¬ø˘˚˛±˝√◊ fl¡íÀ˘,
ñ Ú±›‡Ú Δ1 ’±ÀÂ√, ˚±›“ ¬ı˘º
1—˜Ú1 ˜≈‡Ó¬ ˚≈X Ê√˚˛ fl¡1±1 √À1 ¤È¬± ˝√√“±ø˝√√ Ù≈¬øȬ Î◊¬øͬ˘º
Œ¸±Ú˜Ìœfl¡ ˝√√±Ó¬Ó¬ Òø1 ˘±À˝√√ ˘±À˝√√ ΔÚ1 ·1±˝√◊ ø√ Ú±ø˜ ·í˘º
Œ√Î◊¬øÓ¬À˚˛ Ú±› Δ˘ Δ1 ’±ÀÂ√º Œ¸±Ú˜ÌœÀ˚˛ Ú±ªÓ¬ Î◊¬øͬ ˘±À˝√√Õfl¡
Δ· Œ√Î◊¬øÓ¬1 fl¡±¯∏Ó¬ ¬ıø˝√√˘ ’±1n∏ Œ√Î◊¬øÓ¬1 ˝√√±Ó¬1 ¬Û1± ¬ıíͬ±
¬Û±È¬ Δ˘ 1—˜Ú1 Ù¬±À˘ ’±·¬ıϬˇ±˝√◊ ø√ fl¡íÀ˘,
ñ Ó¬˝√◊ Œ˜±fl¡ ¸≈‡œ fl¡1±1 fl¡Ô± Δfl¡øÂ√ø˘ ¬ı±À¬ı ¬ıíͬ±¬Û±È¬
ø√ÀÂ√“±º Ú±›‡Ú ’±·¬ıϬˇ±˝√◊ ŒÚº ˘±· ¬ı≈ø˘À˘˝√◊ ¤Àfl¡±Àfl¡ Ú±¬Û±˚˛
1—˜Úfl¡±˝√◊º ˆ¬±˘À¬Û±ª±ÀÓ¬± ¤Àfl¡¬ı±À1 Ú±¬Û±˚˛º ¬Û‘øÔªœ‡Ú ˜”11
›¬Û1Ó¬ ˆ¬±ø· ¬Ûø1À˘› Ú±¬Û±˚˛º Œ√Î◊¬øÓ¬À˚˛ Œ˜±fl¡ ŒÓ¬±1 fl¡Ô±
Δfl¡øÂ√˘ ’±1n∏ ˜˝√◊ Ó¬±fl¡ Œ˜±1 ˜Ú1 fl¡Ô± Δfl¡øÂ√À˘“±º fl¡Ô±
øÚø√À˘›, õ∂fl¡±˙ Úfl¡ø1À˘› ¬ıUø√ÚÀ1 ¬Û1± Œ˚ ’±˜±1 ≈√À˚˛±À1
˜Ú ¤fl¡ Δ˝√√ ¬Ûø1øÂ√˘ Œ¸˚˛± ’±ø˜ ≈√À˚˛± Ê√±øÚøÂ√À˘“±º ·øÓ¬Àfl¡
Œ√Î◊¬øÓ¬ ’±1n∏ ˜À˚˛ ’±1y fl¡ø1¬ı ˘·± ˚≈¢¨Ê√œªÚÀȬ±Ó¬ Ó¬À˚˛
&ø1 Ò1º ¬ıíͬ±¬Û±È¬ ˜±1º
1—˜Ú Ê√ͬ1 Δ˝√√ ¬Ûø1˘º ¬ıíͬ±¬Û±È¬ Ò1± ˆ¬±À·˝√◊ Δ1 Δ·øÂ√˘º
ø¬ÛÀÂ√ Ú±›‡Ú Δ1 Ú·í˘º Œ¸“±Ó¬1 Δ¸ÀÓ¬ ˘±À˝√√ ˘±À˝√√ ’±·¬ı±øϬˇ
Δ· Ô±øfl¡˘, Δ·À˚˛ Ô±øfl¡˘º
’”√1Ó¬ Δ1 ø¸˝√√“Ó¬fl¡ ˘é¬… fl¡ø1 Ôfl¡± Ê√˚˛±˝√◊ ¬ıÓ¬±˝√√1
ø¬ı¬Û1œÓ¬ ø√À˙ ‚1Õ˘ Œ‡±Ê√ ’±·¬ıϬˇ±À˘º Ó¬±˝√◊1 ˜≈‡Ó¬ ŒÓ¬øÓ¬˚˛±
ΔÚ‡ÚÓ¬Õfl¡ ¬ı˝√√˘ ˝√√“±ø˝√√ ¤È¬± ø¬ıø1ø„√√ ’±øÂ√˘º
 ø√·ôL fl¡≈˜±1 ˆ¬A±‰¬±˚«, ¬¬Û”ÀÌ
ŒÙ¬±Ú Ú— – 9850608605

˝√√ͬ±ÀÓ¬˝√◊ Œ˜±1 ø‰¬ÀÚ˜±1 ø˝√√À1±1 √À1 ˝√√í¬ıÕ˘ ˜Ú Δ·øÂ√˘º
˜Ú Δ·øÂ√˘ Â√˘˜±Ú ‡±Ú1 √À1 ˝√√í¬ıÕ˘º õ∂±˚˛ ¬Û“ø‰¬˙ ¬ıÂ√1˜±Ú1
’±·1 fl¡Ô± Œ¸˚˛±º
ø¬ÛÓ¬±fl¡ ŒÚ±Àfl¡±ª±Õfl¡ ¸øg˚˛± ‚11¬Û1± ›À˘±ª±ÀȬ± Œ˜±1
¬ı±À¬ı ’¸yª ’±øÂ√˘º ø‰¬ÀÚ˜± ‰¬±¬ıÕ˘ ·íÀ˘ Ȭ±Î◊¬ÚÕ˘ ’˝√√±-
À˚±ª± ø˜˘±˝√◊ ˜≈ͬÀÓ¬ ‰¬±ø1 ‚KI◊±º Ú±˝√◊, ‚1Ó¬ ·˜ ¬Û±À˘ ¸y±¬ı…
ø¬ı¬Û√1 ø‰¬ôL±ÀȬ± ’±·ÀÓ¬˝√◊ ’±ø˝√√øÂ√˘º
ø¸ø√Ú± ’±øÂ√˘ ˝√√±˚˛±1-ÀÂ√Àfl¡G±1œ ¬Û1œé¬±1 ’øôL˜‡Ú
fl¡±fl¡Ó¬º
ëøfl¡ ø‰¬ÀÚ˜± ‰¬±¬ıÕ˘ ˚±¬ı ø¸∑í ñ’±ÚÀȬ± Œfl¡±Í¬±1 ¬Û1±

52
˜±fl¡ ¸≈øÒÀ˘ ø¬ÛÓ¬±˝√◊º
댘˝√◊ÀÚ ¬Û…±1 øfl¡˚˛±í Ú±˜ÀȬ± fl¡í¬ıÕ˘ øͬfl¡ Ú±˘±ø·˘º
ë’¸˜œ˚˛± ø‰¬ÀÚ˜± ¬ı≈ø˘ Δfl¡ ø√˚˛±, ˜±íñ ˜±fl¡ fl¡íÀ˘“±º
Œ˜±Ú± ¤‡ÚÓ¬ ø¬ÛÓ¬±˝√◊ øÚÊ√1 øÓ¬øÚ Œ¬ıȬ±1œ1 ȬÂ√«ÀȬ±
Œ¸±À˜±ª±˝√◊ Δ˘ ˚±¬ıÕ˘ fl¡íÀ˘º ’±À˝√√±ÀÓ¬ 1±øÓ¬ ˝√√í¬ı, ’±g±1Ó¬
‰¬±˝√◊Àfl¡˘ ‰¬˘±›ÀÓ¬ ’¸≈ø¬ıÒ± ¬Û±˜º Ȭ±Î◊¬ÚÕ˘ ’±˜±1 ·“±ª1¬Û1±
õ∂±˚˛ √˝√ øfl¡˘íø˜È¬±11 ¬ı±È¬º
Œ¬ıÂ√ øfl¡Â≈√ø√Ú ’±·À1 ¬Û1± Œ1øά’íÓ¬ 댘˝√◊ÀÚ ¬Û…±1
øfl¡˚˛±í1 ·±ÚÀ¬ı±1 qøÚ qøÚ ˜≈‡¶ö˝√◊ Δ˝√√ Δ·øÂ√˘º ø‰¬ÀÚ˜± ‰¬±˝√◊
Î◊¬»Ù≈¬ø~Ó¬ ˜Ú ¤øȬ fl¡øϬˇ˚˛±˝√◊ ø¬ÛÂ√≈√ª±À1À1 ‚11 øˆ¬Ó¬1Õ˘
Œ¸±˜±À˘“±º Œ¬Û±ÀÚ Œ¬Û±ÀÚ ¬Û±fl¡‚1º ˜±À˚˛ ˆ¬±Ó¬ 1±øg ’±ÀÂ√º
fl¡±¯∏ÀÓ¬ Œ√ø‡À˘“± ¬Ûœ1±Ó¬ ¬ıø˝√√ ’±ÀÂ√ ŒÂ√±ª±˘œ ¤Ê√Úœº √œ‚˘
‰≈¬ø˘À˚˛ ˜≈‡1 ¤Ù¬±˘ Ϭ±øfl¡ Òø1øÂ√˘ Ó¬±˝√◊1º
ëŒÓ¬±1 ø¬ÛÓ¬±1 ¬ıi§≈+ Œ˚ fl¡ø˘Ó¬± ‡≈1±, ŒÓ¬À‡Ó¬1 ŒÂ√±ª±˘œñ
¸≈˜Úº flv¡±Â√ ŒÈ¬ÚÓ¬ ¬ÛÀϬˇ, ˝√◊—ø˘Â√ ¶≥®˘Ó¬º ŒÓ¬›“À˘±fl¡ Ȭ±Î◊¬ÚÕ˘Àfl¡
¬∏C±kÙ¬±1 Δ˝√√ ’±ø˝√√ÀÂ√º ’±øÊ√ ˝√◊˚˛±ÀÓ¬ Ô±øfl¡¬ıíº
¸≈˜Ú/ ø‰¬ÀÚ˜±Ó¬ ˆ¬±·…|œ1 Ú±˜ ’±øÂ√˘ ë¸≈˜Úíº ’±¸–
Œ˜±1 Ú±˜ ˚ø√ ëŒõ∂˜í ˝√√í˘À˝√√“ÀÓ¬Ú/ √œ‚˘ ‰≈¬ø˘, ¸˘±Ê√ ˝√√“±ø˝√√,
˜≈‡1 ’ª˚˛À¬ı± øfl¡Â≈√ ¤Àfl¡˝√◊... ¸≈˜Ú1 ˜±Ê√ÀÓ¬ ˜˝√◊ Â√˘˜±Ú ‡±Ú
Δ˝√√ ˆ¬±·…|œfl¡ fl¡äÚ± fl¡ø1¬ıÕ˘ ’±1y fl¡ø1 ø√À˘“± ˜”˝√”M√ «ÀÓ¬º
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Œ¬Û±©Ü±1º ˜˝√◊ ‰¬±˝√◊ÀÂ√“±º Â√˘˜±Ú Œ˜±1 ¤øÓ¬˚˛± ŒÙ¬ˆ¬ø1Ȭº ø˝√√ ˝√◊Ê√
øfl¡Î◊¬È¬í ñ ¸≈˜ÀÚ ˝√√“±ø˝√√øÂ√˘º ¸≈˜Ú ˝√◊—1±Ê√œ ø˜øά˚˛±˜Ó¬ ¬ÛϬˇ±º
fl¡Ô±˝√◊ fl¡Ô±˝√◊ ˝√◊—1±Ê√œ ˙s fl¡˚˛º
˜˝√◊ ’±fl¡±À1-˝√◊—ø·ÀÓ¬ ˜±˝√√“Ó¬fl¡ Œ¸˝√◊‡Ú ø‰¬ÀÚ˜± ‰¬±¬ıÕ˘
Œ˚ Œ˚±ª± Ú±˝√◊, ¬ı≈Ê√±À˘“±º Ó¬±˝√◊ ¸1n∏Õfl¡ fl¡íÀ˘-Â√í1œ/
¬Û±Â√ø√Ú± ¬Û±Â√Ó¬ ¸≈˜Ú ·í˘Õ· øÚÊ√1 ‚1Õ˘º
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Œ¬ı1Ó¬ Â√˘˜±Ú ‡±Ú1 ¬ıUÀfl¡˝√◊‡Ú Œ¬Û±©Ü±1 øÊ√ø˘øfl¡ ’±øÂ√˘º
˝√◊˜±Ú øõ∂˚˛ Ó¬±˝√◊1 Â√˘˜±Ú/
Â√˘˜±Ú ‡±Ú ˝√√ͬ±ÀÓ¬ Œ˚Ú Œ˜±1 ’±√˙« Δ˝√√ ¬Ûø1˘º
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˜±øÚ Œ˘±ª± Ú±øÂ√˘ Ó¬±1 õ∂ô¶±ªº ¸˝√√+√˚˛Ó¬±À1 ¬ı≈Ê√±˝√◊øÂ√˘ñ
ì¤øÓ¬˚˛± Ê√œªÚ ·Ï¬ˇ±1 ¸˜˚˛º ’±˜±1 ¬ı˚˛¸ ŒÓ¬ÀÚ˝√◊ fl¡˜º
¬ıí˘± ’±ø˜ ¬ÛϬˇ±Ó¬ ˜ÀÚ±À˚±· ø√›“º ˆ¬±˘˘·±-ˆ¬±˘À¬Û±ª±À¬ı±1
ø¬ÛÂ√ÀÓ¬± ¬Û”Ì« fl¡ø1¬ı ¬Û1± ˚±¬ıº øfl¡c ¤˝√◊ø‡øÚ ¸˜˚˛ ¤¬ı±1 &ø‰¬
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·íÀ˘ ’±1n∏ Œfl¡øÓ¬˚˛±› Ê√œªÚÕ˘ Î◊¬ˆ¬øÓ¬ Ú±À˝√√ºî
1+¬Û˝√√-Àfl¡“±ªÀ1 ˜±øÚ Ú˘íÀ˘ Ó¬±˝√◊1 fl¡Ô±º
Ó¬1±ª˘œ ø¶ö1º Î◊¬2‰√±fl¡±—鬜º ’±Rø¬ıù´±¸œº
1+¬Û˝√√-Àfl¡“±ª11 ˜Ú-õ∂±Ì Î◊¬Ó¬˘±˝√◊ Ó≈¬ø˘¬ı ¬Û1± ˙sÀ¬ı±À1
Ó¬±˝√◊fl¡ ø¬ıÀ˙¯∏ õ∂ˆ¬±øªÓ¬ fl¡ø1¬ı ŒÚ±ª±ø1À˘º Ó¬±˝√◊ Œ¸˝√◊À¬ı±1
Œ˝√√˘±1À„√√ ’øÓ¬Sê˜ fl¡ø1 øÚÊ√1 ¬ı±È¬Ó¬ ’±·¬ı±øϬˇ˘º
Ó¬1±ª˘œ ŒÊ√±ÚÀȬ±1 √À1˝√◊ øÚ˜«˘º ¬ı±øϬˇ ’˝√√± ¸˜˚˛1
Δ¸ÀÓ¬ Ó¬±˝√◊1 &Ì-·ø1˜±› ‰¬±ø1›Ù¬±À˘ ø¬ı˚˛ø¬Û ¬Ûø1˘º ¸1n∏
’=˘ÀȬ±Ó¬ ¬ıUÀÓ¬ Ó¬±˝√◊1 Ú±˜ÀȬ± ø‰¬øÚ Œ¬Û±ª± ˝√√í˘º ¸fl¡À˘±Àª
Ó¬±˝√◊fl¡ Δ˘ Œ·Ã1ª fl¡1±1 ¸˜˚˛Ó¬ ’±1n∏ ÚÓ≈¬Ú øfl¡¬ı± ¤È¬± fl¡1±1
Œ˝√√“¬Û±˝√√Ó¬ Ó¬±˝√◊ ’˝√√øÚ«˙ ¬ı…ô¶ Δ˝√√ Ô±øfl¡˘º
˝√√ͬ±ÀÓ¬ ¤ø√Ú Ó¬±˝√◊ ’±øª©®±1 fl¡ø1À˘ñ Ó¬±˝√◊1 ¬ı≈fl¡≈Ó¬
Œ˚Ú Œfl¡øÓ¬˚˛±¬ı±À1˝√◊ ¬Û1± ¤‡Ú õ∂øÓ¬26ø¬ı øÊ√ø˘øfl¡ ’±øÂ√˘º
˘±Ê√ÀÓ¬ Ó¬±˝√◊1 ˜”‰¬fl¡‰¬ Œ˚±ª± ’ª¶ö± Œ˚Úº ’±˝√◊Ú±Ó¬ øÚÊ√Àfl¡
‰¬±˝√◊ Ó¬±˝√◊ ˘±Ê√ fl¡ø1À˘º ˙1Ó¬1 qˆ¬ ¸˜˚˛ ’±øÂ√˘ ŒÓ¬øÓ¬˚˛±º
Œ˙ª±ø˘1 qwÓ¬±˝√◊ Ó¬±˝√◊1 øõ∂˚˛Ê√ÚÀfl¡± ’“±Àfl¡±ª±ø˘ ˘›fl¡º ¤˝√◊
fl¡±˜Ú± Œ·±¬ÛÀÚ ¬ı≈fl¡≈ÀÓ¬ ¸“±ø‰¬ Ó¬±˝√◊ ’Ú±·Ó¬ ø√ÚÀ¬ı±1Ó¬ ¸·À¬ı«
’±·¬ı±øϬˇ Δ· Ô±øfl¡˘º
&ª±˝√√±È¬œ1 ¶§Ú±˜õ∂ø¸X fl¡À˘Ê√‡ÚÓ¬ ¬ÛøϬˇ¬ıÀ1 ¬Û1± Ó¬±˝√◊1
˜ÚÀȬ± ’±·Ó¬Õfl¡› Î◊¬√±1 Δ˝√√ ¬Ûø1˘º ¸fl¡À˘±ÀÓ¬ Î◊¬»¸±˝√√º
¸fl¡À˘±ÀÓ¬ õ∂Ó¬…±˙±º Œ˝√√±À©Ü˘1 õ∂ÀÓ¬…fl¡À1 ˜≈À‡-˜≈À‡ Ó¬±˝√◊1
õ∂˙—¸±À¬ı±1 ¤È¬± ¸≈1œ˚˛± ·±Ú Δ˝√√ ¬ı±·ø1 Ô±øfl¡˘ñ
ì˝√◊˜±Ú ˜1˜˘·± ŒÂ√±ª±˘œÊ√Úœ ¸“‰¬±Õfl¡À˚˛ øÚÊ≈√«º ˜±Ó¬-
fl¡Ô±, ¬ı…ª˝√√±1, ¸±Ê√-¸7¡¡¡± ¸fl¡À˘±ÀÓ¬ ˝√◊˜±Ú ¬Ûø1¬Û±øȬ, ˝√◊˜±Ú
ø¬ıÚ•⁄Ó¬±/ ¸˜˚˛1 øfl¡ Œ˚ ¸≈μ1 ¬ı…ª˝√√±1 fl¡ø1¬ı Ê√±ÀÚ/î
¤1±, Ó¬1±ª˘œÀ˚˛ øfl¡c Œfl¡ª˘ øÚÊ√1 ¬ı±À¬ıÀ˝√√ ¬ÛϬˇ±-qÚ±
fl¡ø1øÂ√˘, øÚÊ√Àfl¡ ·øϬˇøÂ√˘º fl¡±À1±¬ı±fl¡ ¬Û±¬ı1 øÚø˜ÀM√√ øÚÊ√fl¡
¸±øÊ√-fl¡“±ø‰¬ Œ˘±ª± fl¡Ô±ÀȬ±fl¡ Ó¬±˝√◊ Œfl¡øÓ¬˚˛±› ˜±øÚ Œ˘±ª± Ú±øÂ√˘º
ø˚À˚˛ Ó¬±˝√◊fl¡ ˆ¬±˘ ¬Û±¬ı, Ó¬±˝√◊1 õ∂øÓ¬ õ∂œøÓ¬ˆ¬±ª 1±ø‡¬ı, ŒÓ¬›“fl¡
¸Àij±˝√√Ú fl¡ø1¬ı˘·œ˚˛± ¤Àfl¡±Àª˝√◊ Ú±˝√◊º fl¡±1Ì Œõ∂˜ ¶§Ó¬–¶£”¬Ó¬«º
Œõ∂˜ ¶§˚˛—¸•Û”Ì«º ˆ¬±˘À¬Û±ª±1 √À1 ¬Ûø¬ıS ’±1n∏ ’À˜±‚ ¤˝√◊
¸Ú±Ó¬Ú ’Ú≈ˆ¬ªfl¡ Ó¬±˝√◊ Œfl¡ª˘ øÚÊ√1 ˜ÀÓ¬À˝√√ ’±√ø1¬ıº
ŒÊ√±ÚÒÚ/ Ó¬±˝√◊1 ˝√√+√˚˛1 ·1±fl¡œº ø¸˝√√“Ó¬1 ‰≈¬¬ı≈1œÀ1 ˜À˝√√f
øͬfl¡±√±11 ˘í1± ø¸º ˜±Ú≈˝√ ‚1 ¬ı1 ˆ¬^ ’±1n∏ øÚfl¡± ¶§ˆ¬±ª-
‰¬ø1S1º ˜À˝√√f øͬfl¡±√±11 Ȭfl¡±1 ’ˆ¬±ª Ú±˝√◊º øfl¡c ˜±S
Œ¸±Ó¬1 ¬ıÂ√1 ¬ı˚˛¸ÀÓ¬ ‚±È¬-˜±Î◊¬1± Œ˝√√±ª± ˜À˝√√f øͬfl¡±√±À1
ˆ¬ÚœÀ˚˛fl¡ Œfl¡˝√◊·1±fl¡œfl¡ Œ‰¬±ª±-ø‰¬Ó¬± fl¡ø1¬ı1 ¬ı±À¬ı ’±1n∏ ‚1‡Ú
‰¬˘±¬ı1 ¬ı±À¬ı ø˙鬱 ’±Ò1n∏ª± fl¡ø1 øͬfl¡±Ó¬ Òø1øÂ√˘º ŒÓ¬›“
Ó¬1±ª˘œ1 ø¬ÛÓ¬±fl¡fl¡ ¬ı1 ’±Àé¬À¬ÛÀ1 fl¡˚˛ñ
ì’±‰¬˘ÀÓ¬ øfl¡ Ê√±ÀÚ fl¡fl¡±˝√◊À√Î◊¬, Ê√œªÚÓ¬ ˚ÀÔ©Ü Î◊¬ißøÓ¬
˝√√íÀ˘› ˜˝√◊ ¸≈‡œ Ú˝√√›“º ¤˝√◊ Œ˚ ˜ÚÀȬ±fl¡ ˜±ø1 ’±Ò±ÀÓ¬ ¬ÛϬˇ±-
qÚ± ¤ø1¬ı˘·œ˚˛± ˝√√í˘, ¤˝√◊ fl¡Ô±ÀȬ±Àª ¬ı1 fl¡©Ü ø√À˚˛ Œ˜±fl¡º
Ê√œªÚÀȬ±Ó¬ ¤È¬±˝√◊ Î◊¬ÀV˙… Œ˜±1, ’±˜±1 ’=˘1 ’Ô«1 ’ˆ¬±ªÓ¬
¬ÛøϬˇ¬ı ŒÚ±ª±1± Â√±S-Â√±SœÀ¬ı±1fl¡ ¸˝√√±˚˛ fl¡1± ’±1n∏ Œ˜±1 ˘í1±
≈√Ȭ±fl¡ Î◊¬2‰√ ø˙鬱À1 ¸≈À˙±øˆ¬Ó¬ fl¡ø1 ¸≈˜±Ú≈˝√ ø˝√√‰¬±À¬Û ·øϬˇ
ŒÓ¬±˘±ºî
Ó¬1±ª˘œ1 ˜±©Ü1 ø¬ÛÓ¬±Àfl¡ ˙˘±À· ˜À˝√√f øͬfl¡±√±1fl¡º
ŒÓ¬›“1 ˜±Úø¸fl¡ fl¡©Ü ’Ú≈Ò±ªÚ fl¡À1 ŒÓ¬›“º ¸±˜±Ú… ˝√◊Ó¬–¶§Ó¬
Œ¬ı±Ò fl¡ø1 ˜À˝√√f øͬfl¡±√±À1 Ó¬1±ª˘œ1 ø¬ÛÓ¬±fl¡fl¡ ’±√À1À1
fl¡˚˛,
ìøfl¡ Ê√±ÀÚ fl¡fl¡±˝√◊À√Î◊¬, Ó¬1±ª˘œÕ˘ ’±˜±1 ‚1‡Ú1 ¬ı1
˜Úº ¬ÛøϬˇ-qøÚ ˆ¬±˘ Œ¬Û±ª± ˘í1±-ŒÂ√±ª±˘œ ’±ø˜ ¬ı1 ˆ¬±˘
¬Û±›“º Ó¬±ÀÓ¬ Ó¬±˝√◊ ¬ı1 ¸±√1œ›º ’±¬Û≈øÚÀÓ¬± Ê√±ÀÚ˝√◊, ’±˜±1
ά±„√√1ÀȬ± ŒÊ√±ÀÚ ≈√¬ıÂ√1 ø¬ÛÂ√ÀÓ¬˝√◊ Œ˜øάÀfl¡˘ fl¡À˘Ê√1 ¬Û1±
›˘±¬ıº ά±Mê1 ˝√√í¬ı ø¸ fl¡fl¡±˝√◊À√Î◊¬º ’±¬Û≈øÚ Ó¬1±Ê√Úœfl¡ Ú˝√√íÀ˘
’±˜±Àfl¡˝√◊ ø√¬ıº ˜˘˚˛±˝√◊ Ó¬±˝√◊fl¡ øÚÊ√1 ŒÂ√±ª±˘œ1 √À1
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’±ÀÓ¬±˘ÀÓ¬±˘ fl¡ø1¬ı fl¡fl¡±˝√À◊ √ά◊ º ‚11 ŒÂ√±ª±˘œ ‚1ÀÓ¬˝√◊ Ô±øfl¡¬ıº
‚1 ≈√‡ÚÀ1± ¸•Ûfl¡«ÀȬ± ’±·Ó¬Õfl¡› ’øÒfl¡ ȬÚøfl¡˚˛±˘ ˝√√í¬ıº
ŒÚ øfl¡ fl¡˚˛ fl¡fl¡±˝√◊À√Î◊¬∑î
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’±1n∏ Ó¬1±ª˘œ1 Œ˚±1±ÀȬ± ¬ı1 ¸≈μ1 ˝√√í¬ı ¬ı≈ø˘ ¬ıUÊ√ÀÚ ¬ıU¬ı±1
Δfl¡ ΔÔÀÂ√ ŒÓ¬›“fl¡º ŒÓ¬›“ ŒÊ√±ÚÀfl¡± Ê√±ÀÚº Ó¬±fl¡ ŒÊ√“±ª±˝√◊
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’±øÊ√-fl¡±ø˘1 ˘í1±-ÀÂ√±ª±˘œº ø¸˝√√“Ó¬1 ˜Ú ÚÊ√Ú±Õfl¡ ¤Àfl¡±
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ø¬ÛÓ¬±Àfl¡ ‰¬±˝√√1 ˜˝√√˘± ˜±À1º
Ó¬1±ª˘œÀ˚˛ fl¡Ô±À¬ı±1 qøÚ Ô±Àfl¡º ¬ı≈fl¡≈1 ˜±Ê√Ó¬ q˝√◊
Ôfl¡± ¸À¬Û±ÚÀȬ±Àª Œ˚Ú &˘¬Ûœ˚˛± ¬ı1Ì ¤È¬± Δ˝√√ ¸±1 ¬Û±˝√◊
Î◊¬Àͬº õ∂±˚˛ øÚÀӬà ’±ø˝√√ Ôfl¡± Œõ∂˜1 õ∂ô¶±ªÀ¬ı±1 Œ¸ÃÊ√Ú…Ó¬±À1
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˝√◊26± fl¡À1º
Œfl¡±˜˘˜Ú± ’±1n∏ øÚˆ¬«œfl¡ Ó¬1±ª˘œÀ˚˛ ¬ÛϬˇ±-qÚ±Ó¬
Œ√±¬ÛÓ¬À√±À¬Û Î◊¬ißøÓ¬ fl¡ø1 Δ· Ôfl¡±1 ¸˜˚˛ÀÓ¬˝√◊ 1+¬Û˝√√ Œfl¡“±ª1
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ìŒ˘øά‰¬ÀȬ±Àª∑ Œfl¡±Ú Œ˘øά‰¬∑î
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ìfl¡Ô± ˆ¬±˘Õfl¡ fl¡í¬ı±º ŒÊ√±Ú1 √À1 &Ì ’Ê√«Ú fl¡ø1¬ıÕ˘
Ó≈¬ø˜ ’±1n∏ ¤È¬± Ê√ij ˘í¬ı ˘±ø·¬ıºî
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˜˝√◊ ŒÓ¬±˜±1 Δ¸ÀÓ¬ ø¬ı˚˛± ˝√√í¬ı ŒÚ±ª±ø1˜ºî
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ŒÂ√±ª±˘œÀ˝√√ Ó≈¬ø˜º ŒÂ√±ª±˘œ1 ’˝√√—fl¡±1 Œfl¡ÀÚÕfl¡ ˆ¬±ø„√√¬ı ˘±À·,
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ìÓ≈¬ø˜ øfl¡ fl¡ø1¬ı ø¬ı‰¬±ø1Â√±∑î
ì’˘¬Û ΔÒ˚«… Ò1±º ¸fl¡À˘± Œ√ø‡¬ı±º ¸fl¡À˘± qøÚ¬ı±º
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ŒÓ¬±˜±fl¡ Œ√ø‡À˘ Œ˘˝√◊À˘˝√◊-À‰¬˝√◊À‰¬˝√◊ fl¡ø1¬ıº ŒÊ√±ÀÚ Œfl¡øÓ¬˚˛±›
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Œ¬ÛÀ˘±ª±1 Î◊¬¬ÛSê˜ Δ˝√√øÂ√˘º Œõ∂˜ Ê√±ÀÚ± ¸“‰¬±Õfl¡À˚˛ ˝√◊˜±Ú
Î◊¬√±1∑ øÚˆ¬«œfl¡∑ ¶§±ÒœÚ∑
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ΔÔøÂ√˘º Œ¸˝√◊ ¬ı±È¬1 Œ¬Û±˝√√1Ó¬ Î◊¬Ù¬ø1 ¬Ûø1øÂ√˘ Œfl¡±ÀÚ±¬ı± 1+¬Û˝√√
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;ø˘ Â√±1‡±1 Δ˝√√ Δ·øÂ√˘º
Ó¬1±ª˘œÀ1± øÚÊ√±Õfl¡ ¸—¸±1 ¤‡Ú ˝√√í˘º ’fl¡Ì˜±øÚ
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Î◊¬»¸±˝√√˜≈‡1 fl¡ø1 ŒÓ¬±À˘º øõ∂˚˛¬ıi§≈+1 Î◊¬√±1 ¸—· ’±1n∏ øÚ˙±1
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Ó¬±˝√◊ ˝√√“±À˝√√º ŒÓ¬›“1 ¬ı≈fl¡≈Ó¬ Ó¬1±1 Œ˜˘± ¬Û±øÓ¬ ≈√À˚˛± Î◊¬ø1
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59
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ˆ¬±Ó¬¸±Ê√ ‡±¬ı ŒÚ±À‡±ÀÊ√/ Œ¸À˚˛ fl¡í˘± ˜±˝√√1 √±˝√◊˘‡Ú ¬ıÚ±À˘“±º
fl¡˘øά˘1 qfl¡±Ú ˆ¬±øÊ√, ¬ı±1œÀ1 Œˆ¬øG √œ‚˘ √œ‚˘Õfl¡ ˆ¬±øÊ√
¬ıÚ±›“ÀÓ¬À˝√√ ˙±øôLº ¤ÀÚÀÚ± ˆ¬±˘ ˘±ø·˘ ’˝√◊ ’±øÊ√ ˆ¬±Ó¬¸±Ê√
‡±˚˛/î

62
 ¤˚˛± ’±øÂ√˘ ‡≈1œ ’±˝√◊Ó¬±1 ≈√¬Û1œ˚˛±1 ˆ¬±Ó¬ ¸“±Ê√1 ø¬ıª1̺
õ∂±˚˛ õ∂øÓ¬ø√ÀÚ˝√◊ ‡≈1œ ’±˝√◊Ó¬±1 ¤˝√◊ ø¬ıøˆ¬iß ¬ı…?Ú 1g±1 ø¬ıª1Ì
qÚ±ÀȬ± ·“±›‡Ú1 ¸fl¡À˘±À1 ¬ı±À¬ı ¤fl¡ ’ˆ¬…±¸Ó¬ ¬Ûø1ÌÓ¬
Δ˝√√øÂ√˘Õ·º ’fl¡˘ ≈√¬Û1œ˚˛± ¬ı≈ø˘À˚˛˝√◊ Ú˝√√˚˛, ¬Û≈ª±1 ‰¬±˝√√, ’±À¬ıø˘1
Ê√˘¬Û±Ú ’±1n∏ 1±øÓ¬1 ¸±Ê√1 ø¬Û‰¬ø√Ú± ¬Û≈ª± ø√˚˛± ø¬ıª1Ì ·“±›‡Ú1
˜±Ú≈˝√1 ¬ı±À¬ı ¬Û≈ª±-·Ò”ø˘ Ú±˜‚11 ά¬ı± Œfl¡±À¬ı±ª±1 √À1˝√◊ ¤fl¡
øÚÓ¬…-ÕÚø˜øM√√fl¡ ‚Ȭڱ Δ˝√√ ¬Ûø1øÂ√˘º
‡≈1œ ’±˝√◊Ó¬±˝√◊ ø√˚˛± ≈√¬Û1œ˚˛±1 ¸“±Ê√1 ø¬ıª1Ì ø˚√À1
1±Ê√fl¡œ˚˛ Œ¸˝√◊√À1 1±øÓ¬1 ¸“±Ê√1 ø¬ıª1À̱ ’±È¬fl¡Ò≈Úœ˚˛±º Ó¬±ÀÓ¬
˚ø√ ˜±—¸ ˝√√˚˛, Œ¸˝√◊ ø¬ıª1Ì ≈√ø√Ú˜±ÚÕ˘ ‰¬ø˘ Ô±Àfl¡º ˜±—¸
Œfl¡øÓ¬˚˛±¬ı± ˚ø√ ’fl¡˘ ø¬Û“˚˛±Ê√ ø√À˚˛˝√◊ ¬ıÚ±À˘, ŒÓ¬ÀôL Œfl¡øÓ¬˚˛±¬ı±
˜Â√˘± ø√ √˝√Ȭ±˜±Ú Ê√˘fl¡œ˚˛±, qfl¡±Ú Ê√˘fl¡œ˚˛±1 &øάˇ ø√ ˆ¬±øÊ√
ˆ¬±øÊ√ ¬ıÀÚ±ª±1 ø˚ ø¬ıª1Ì ø√À˚˛ Œ¸˚˛± qøÚ ˜±—¸ ŒÚ±À‡±ª±
˜±Ú≈˝√À1± ˜±—¸ ‡±¬ıÕ˘ ˜Ú ˚±¬ıÕ·/
’±‰¬ø1Ó¬Õfl¡ ˝√◊˜±Ú 1±Ê√fl¡œ˚˛ ’±√ª-fl¡±˚˛√±1 1g±-¬ıϬˇ± Ó¬Ô±
Œ‡±ª±1 ø¬ıª1Ì ø√˚˛±1 ¬Û±Â√ÀÓ¬ õ∂±À˚˛ ‡≈1œ ’±˝√◊Ó¬±fl¡ ø˚‚1ÀÓ¬
Δ· Œ¸˝√◊ ø¬ıª1ÌÀ¬ı±1 ø√ Ô±Àfl¡ Ó¬±ÀÓ¬ ˚ø√ ¬Û≈Ú1 ≈√¬Û1œ˚˛±1
ˆ¬±Ó¬Àfl¡ ‡±¬ıÕ˘ Œfl¡±ª± ˝√√˚˛ ‡≈1œ ’±˝√◊Ó¬±˝√◊ Ú± ˜≈Àͬ› Úfl¡À1º
ëë˝√√í¬ı ø√˚˛±, ŒÓ¬±˜±À˘±Àfl¡ ˝√◊˜±Ú ˜1˜Ó¬ Δfl¡Â√±, Ú±‡±›“
¬ı≈ø˘ÀÚ± Œfl¡ÀÚÕfl¡ fl¡›“∑ ˝√√›“ÀÓ¬ Œ¬ÛȬ ¬Û”1±˝√◊ ‡±À˚˛˝√◊ ’±ø˝√√øÂ√À˘±º
Ó¬Ô±ø¬Û ø√˚˛± ¬ı±1n∏ ’fl¡Ì˜±Ú/î
Œ¸˝√◊ ¤Àfl¡˝√◊ Ó¬¬Û±ø˘ Ó¬¬Û±ø˘ ‡±˝√◊ Î◊¬øͬ ‚11 ·‘ø˝√√ÚœÀ˚˛
¬Û±fl¡‚1 ’“Ȭ±˝√◊ ˜±ÀÚ ‡≈1œ ’±˝√◊Ó¬±˝√◊ Ó¬±À˜±˘-¬Û±Ì1 ¬ıȬ±ÀȬ± Δ˘
Ó¬±À˜±˘ fl¡±øȬ ‰”¬Ì-‰¬±Ò± ˘·±˝√◊ ¸±Ê√≈ fl¡ø1 Δ˘ øÚÀÊ√ ≈√¬ı±1˜±Ú
‡±˝√◊ ’±Ê√ø1 ˝√√˚˛º fl¡Ô±1 ˘±‰¬ÀÓ¬ ˝√◊øÓ¬˜ÀÒ… Œ¸˝√◊ ‚1Ó¬ Œ‡±ª±
¬ı…?Ú1 õ∂˙—¸± fl¡ø1 fl¡ø1 ˘±À˝√√ ˘±À˝√√ ’±Àfl¡Ã øÚÊ√1 1gÚ-
õ∂fl¡1Ì1 õ∂˙—¸±Ó¬ ¬Û=˜≈‡ Δ˝√√ ¬ÛÀ1º ŒÓ¬ÀÚÕfl¡À˚˛ Œ¬ıø˘
˘ø˝√√˚˛±¬ıÕ˘ ÒÀ1º ‚11 Œ¬ı±ª±1œ, Ê√œ˚˛1œÀ˚˛ ’±À¬ıø˘1 ‰¬±˝√√1
Œ˚±·±1 fl¡ø1¬ıÕ˘ Î◊¬‰¬ø¬Û‰¬øÚ ˘·±˚˛º ˜±ÀÚ ‡≈1œ ’±˝√◊Ó¬± Œfl¡øÓ¬˚˛±
˚±¬ı Ó¬±1 ¬ı±À¬ı ’À¬Û鬱 fl¡À1º ø¬ÛÀ‰¬ ‡≈1œ ’±˝√◊Ó¬±˝√◊ øÚÀÊ√
øÚÀÊ√˝√◊ Δfl¡ Î◊¬Àͬ,ñ
ìø√˚˛± ø√˚˛±, ‰¬±˝√√fl¡±¬Û Œ¸±Úfl¡±À˘ ø√˚˛±, ˜˝√◊ ˚±¬ı ˘±À·,
‡≈1±À˚˛À1 ’±À¬ıø˘1 ‰¬±˝√√fl¡±¬Û ‡±¬ıÕ˘ Δ1 ’±ÀÂ√ Â√±Õ·/
ŒÂ√±ª±˘œÀfl¡˝√◊Ê√ÚœÀ˚˛ ¬ıÀÚ±ª± ‰¬±˝√√ Œ¬ı˚˛± ¬Û±˚˛, Œ˜±1 ˝√√±Ó¬1 ‰¬±˝√√1À˝√√
fl¡±Úœ˚˛±ºî
ŒÓ¬ÀÚÕfl¡À˚˛ ’±À¬ıø˘1 ‰¬±˝√√-Ó¬±À˜±˘ ‡±˝√◊ ‡≈1œ ’±˝√◊Ó¬±
‚1˜≈ª± ˝√√˚˛º ˝√◊øÓ¬˜ÀÒ… Ê√œÀ˚˛fl¡˝√√“ÀÓ¬ ¬ıÀÚ±ª± ‰¬±˝√√ ‡±À˚˛˝√◊ fl¡fl¡±
63
øȬÎ◊¬‰¬ÚÕ˘ ¬ı≈ø˘ ˚±˚˛Õ·/ Ó¬±1¬Û±Â√Ó¬ ·Ò”˘œ1 Ù¬±À˘ fl¡fl¡± øȬÎ◊¬‰¬Ú1
¬Û1± ’±ø˝√√ Œ¬Û±ª±1 ’±·Õ˘Àfl¡ ‡≈1œ ’±˝√◊Ó¬±1 ˜√¬Ûœ ¬Û≈ÀÓ¬fl¡˝√√“Ó¬1
Δ˝√√-˝√√±~±˝√◊ ·“±›‡Ú 1Ê√ÚÊ√Ú±˝√◊ Ô±Àfl¡º ’ªÀ˙… fl¡fl¡± ‚1 Œ¬Û±ª±1
¸˜˚˛Õ˘ ¬Û≈ÀÓ¬fl¡˝√√“ÀÓ¬ ˜±fl¡fl¡ άfl¡±-˝√√fl¡± ø√ Ȭfl¡±-¬Û˝√◊‰¬± ø˚ ’fl¡Ì
Ô±Àfl¡ Ó¬±Àfl¡ Δ˘ ‚11 ¬Û1± ø˚ Î◊¬Ò±› ˝√√˚˛ ¬Û≈ª± Œ¬Û±˝√√1 Œ˝√√±ª±1
ø¬Û‰¬Ó¬À˝√√ ‚1 Œ¸±˜±˚˛º ·Ò”ø˘1 Œ¸˝√◊ ¸˜˚˛ø‡øÚ ‡≈1œ ’±˝√◊Ó¬±
Ó¬Ô± Ê√œÀ˚˛fl¡˝√√“Ó¬1 fl¡±Àμ±Ú-fl¡±ÀȬ±Ú, ¬Û≈ÀÓ¬fl¡˝√√“Ó¬1 ø‰¬¤û1-¬ı±‡11
˜±Ê√ÀÓ¬˝√◊ ¬Û±1 ˝√√˚˛º
fl¡fl¡± ˜±Ú≈˝√Ê√Ú ¬ı‘øM√√Ó¬ ø˙é¬fl¡ ’±øÂ√˘º ’ª¸1 Œ˘±ª±À1±
¬ıU ¬ıÂ√1 ˝√√í˘º ¤¬Û±˘ ˘í1±-ÀÂ√±ª±˘œÀ1 ¬Ûø1˚˛±˘ÀȬ±1 Œ¬Û±˝√√-
¬Û±˘ ø√¬ıÕ˘ Œ¬Û=Ú1 Ȭfl¡± ¬Û˚«±5 Ú˝√√˚˛º ŒÊ√±1±-Ȭ±¬Ûø˘
˜±ø1¬ıÕ˘Àfl¡ fl¡fl¡±˝√◊ ’=˘ÀȬ±1 ¬ıUÓ¬À1 ‚1Ó¬ ¸1n∏ ˘í1±-
ÀÂ√±ª±˘œfl¡ øȬÎ◊¬‰¬Ú fl¡À1º ’±‰¬ø1Ó¬Ê√Úfl¡ˆ¬±Àª ’=˘ÀȬ±1 ¬ıUÓ¬À1
˘í1±-ÀÂ√±ª±˘œfl¡ ø˙鬱1 Œ¬Û±˝√√1 Œ√‡±›“Ó¬± ˜±Ú≈˝√Ê√Ú1 ¤¬Û±˘
˘í1±-ÀÂ√±ª±˘œ1 Œfl¡±ÀÚ±ÀȬ±Àª˝√◊ ˝√√±˝√◊¶≥®˘1 ŒÎ¬›Ú±‡ÚÀfl¡˝√◊ ¬Û±1
fl¡ø1¬ı ŒÚ±ª±ø1À˘º
‡≈1œ ’±˝√◊Ó¬± ¬ı≈ø˘ ¸fl¡À˘±Àª ˜ÚÓ¬ 1‡± ˜±Ú≈˝√·1±fl¡œ
’±‰¬˘ÀÓ¬ ·“±ª1 ¸fl¡À˘±À1 ¬ı±À¬ı ’±Ú øfl¡ øfl¡ ¸˜g1 ’±øÂ√˘
Œ¸˚˛± ¸fl¡À˘±Àª ¬Û±˝√√ø1 Œ¬ÛÀ˘±ª±1 øÚø‰¬Ú±˝√◊/ ¤Àfl¡¬ı±À1 øÚfl¡È¬
¸•§gœ˚˛ ˆ¬øÓ¬Ê√±fl¡1 ˘í1±-ÀÂ√±ª±˘œÀ¬ı±À1 ‡≈1œ ’±˝√◊Ó¬± ¬ı≈ø˘
˜±øÓ¬øÂ√˘º ¸˜˚˛Ó¬ ·“±ª1 ¸fl¡À˘±Àª˝√◊ ‡≈1œ ’±˝√◊Ó¬± ¬ı≈ø˘À˚˛˝√◊
˜±øÓ¬¬ıÕ˘ ˘íÀ˘º
’ªÀ˙… ‡≈1œ ’±˝√◊Ó¬± ·“±ªÓ¬ ¸Ó¬ÀÓ¬ Œ√‡± fl¡Ô± ˘À·±ª±
øÓ¬À1±Ó¬±, ˜±ÀÚ ë’˘ ˝√◊øG˚˛± Œ1øά’í ˜≈Àͬ˝√◊ Ú˝√√˚˛ Œ√˝√◊/ ‡≈1œ
’±˝√◊Ó¬±1 Ê√Úøõ∂˚˛Ó¬±1 fl¡±1ÌÀȬ± ˝√√í˘ øÚÊ√1 ø¬ı¯∏À˚˛ ¬ıϬˇ±˝√◊ Œfl¡±ª±º
˚ø√ ¬Û≈ª±1 ‰¬±˝√√fl¡±¬Û ø¬Ûͬ± ¤‡ÀÚÀ1 ‡±˝√◊ÀÂ√, øfl¡c ›‰¬1-¬Û“±Ê√11
˜±Ú≈˝√ 1 ’±·Ó¬ fl¡í¬ı Œ˚ í’±øÊ√ ˘≈ø‰¬-ˆ¬±øÊ√ ’±1n∏ fl¡Ìœ1
’˜À˘ÀȬÀ1 ¬Û≈ª±1 ‰¬±˝√√fl¡±¬Û ‡±˝√◊ ‡≈¬ı ˆ¬±˘ ˘±ø·˘íº ≈√¬Û1œ˚˛±1
¸±Ê√Ó¬ ˚ø√ √±˝√◊˘-ˆ¬±øÊ√ ˆ¬±Ó¬ Ô±Àfl¡ ŒÓ¬ÀôL ˜±Ú≈˝√1 ’±·Ó¬
fl¡‰≈¬ ŒÔ±1-ø¬ı˘±˝√√œ ˜±Â√1 ’±?±‡Ú1 ¤ÀÚ ¸≈μ1 ø¬ıª1Ì ø√¬ı Œ˚
qÀÚ±Ó¬±1 Œ˘±ˆ¬1 ¬Û±Úœ ¬Û1±ÀȬ± ‡±È¬±—º
Œ¬ÛÀȬ-ˆ¬±ÀÓ¬ ‡±˝√◊ Ôfl¡± fl¡fl¡±1 Δ¬ÛÓ‘¬fl¡ ¸•ÛøM√√ À1±
Œfl¡øÓ¬˚˛±¬ı±˝√◊ ø¬ıSêœ fl¡1± Δ˝√√ Δ·øÂ√˘º ·øÓ¬Àfl¡ Œ‡øÓ¬1 ˆ¬±Ó¬˜≈øͬ
¬ı≈ø˘¬ıÕ˘› Ú±˝√◊º Œ¸À˚˛ ‰¬±Î◊¬˘-√±˝√◊˘1 ¬Û1± ¸fl¡À˘±ø‡øÚ øfl¡øÚ
‡±¬ı ˘±À·º ŒÓ¬ÀÚ Œé¬SÓ¬ ‡≈1œ ’±˝√◊Ó¬±1 ¤ÀÚ 1±Ê√fl¡œ˚˛ ‡±√…
Ó¬±ø˘fl¡±1 ø¬ıª1ÀÌ ·“±ª1 ¬ıUÓ¬Àfl¡ ’±‰¬ø1ÀÓ¬± fl¡À1º ¬ıUÀÓ¬
fl¡í¬ıÕ˘ Δ˘øÂ√˘ Œ˚ Œ¸˝√◊À¬ı±1 ’±˝√◊Ó¬±1 ˜ÀÚ ¸Ê√± fl¡±ø˝√√Úœº
Œfl¡±ÀÚ› ’ªÀ˙… Œ¸˝√◊À¬ı±1 ¸“‰¬± ŒÚ ø˜Â√± Ê√±øÚ¬ıÕ˘Àfl¡± Œ‰¬©Ü±
fl¡1± Ú±øÂ√˘º ’ªÀ˙… ·“±ª1 ˜±Ú≈˝√1 Œ‡øÓ¬-À‡±˘±1 fl¡±˜1 fl¡©Ü1
Ê√œªÚ1 ˜±Ê√Ó¬ ’±Ú Ú˝√√íÀ˘› ‡≈1œ ’±˝√◊Ó¬±1 ¤˝√◊ fl¡Ô±À¬ı±À1
˝√√“±ø˝√√ ø¬ıø1„√√±˝√◊øÂ√˘º
’±‰¬ø1Ó¬ˆ¬±Àª ˜√¬Ûœ ¬Û≈ÀÓ¬fl¡˝√√“Ó¬1 ’±·ø√Ú± ·Ò”ø˘ fl¡1±
’Ó¬…±‰¬±1, fl¡μ±-fl¡È¬±1 Œ˘˙˜±S› ø‰¬Ú ‡≈1œ ’±˝√◊Ó¬±1 ˜≈‡Ó¬
Œ√‡± Œ¬Û±ª± ÚÕ·øÂ√˘º fl¡±Î◊¬1œ ¬Û≈ª±ÀÓ¬˝√◊ ‡≈1œ ’±˝√◊Ó¬± Œ˙±ª±1
¬Û1± Î◊¬Àͬº ‡≈1œ ’±˝√◊Ó¬±1 ‚11 ø¬ÛÂ√Ù¬±˘1 √˜fl¡˘1 팂ÀȬ—
Œ‚ÀȬ—í ˙ÀsÀ1 ¬Û≈ª±1 ‰¬1±˝√◊1 øfl¡ø‰¬1-ø˜ø‰¬1Àfl¡± Ó¬˘ Œ¬Û˘±˝√◊
ø√À˚˛º ·“±ª1 ˜±Ú≈À˝√√ Œ‰¬±Ó¬±˘-Œ·“±˝√√±ø˘ ‰¬±Ù¬± fl¡ø1 ·±-¬Û± Ò≈˝√◊
‰¬±˝√√ fl¡ø1¬ıÕ˘ ¬Û±fl¡‚1Ó¬ Œ¸±˜±˝√◊ ˜±ÀÚ ‡≈1œ ’±˝√◊Ó¬±˝√◊ øÚÊ√1
‚1Ó¬ ¸fl¡À˘±Àfl¡ ‰¬±˝√√-Ó¬±˝√√ ø√ ’“Ȭ±˝√◊ øÚÀÊ√› ‡±˝√◊ ’±Ê√ø1 Δ˝√√
Δ˘ Œfl¡±ÀÚ±¬ı± ¤‚1Ó¬ ˝√√±øÊ√1 ˝√√˚˛Õ·/
Ò≈Úœ˚˛±Õfl¡ Œ¸›“Ó¬± Ù¬±ø˘ Œ‡±¬Û± ¬ıg± ’±˝√◊Ó¬±1 ø˙1Ó¬
√œ‚˘Õfl¡ Œ¸μ≈11 ¬Û±ø1, fl¡“¬Û±˘Ó¬ Œ˘±ª± ά±„√√1 ¬ı‘M√ ±fl¡±1
ŒÙ¬“±È¬ÀȬ±1 ¬Û1± qfl¡±Ú Œ¸μ”1 ¬Ûø1 Ú±fl¡ÀȬ± õ∂±À˚˛˝√◊ 1„√√± Δ˝√√
Ô±Àfl¡º ·“±ª1 Œfl¡±ÀÚ± Î◊¬Ó¬Ú≈ª±˝√◊ Î◊¬øfl¡˚˛±˝√◊ ΔÔ ˚±˚˛,ñ ì’í
‡≈1œ ’±˝√◊Ó¬±, Œ¸μ≈1 Ú±fl¡Õ˘Àfl¡ Δ¬ıÀÂ√, fl¡fl¡±˝√◊ ¤øÓ¬˚˛±› ¬ıUÓ¬
˜1˜ fl¡À1 Œ√˝√◊/î
ìŒ˝√√˝√◊ ˜±Î◊¬1Ó¬ Œ˚±ª±ÀȬ± fl¡í1¬ı±1/î ñ¬ı≈ø˘ ø˜ø‰¬øfl¡˚˛±˝√◊
˝√√“±ø˝√√ ˜±ø1 ‡≈1œ ’±˝√◊Ó¬±˝√◊ ‰¬±√11 ’±À·À1 Ú±fl¡Ó¬ ¬Ûø1 Ôfl¡±
Œ¸μ≈1ø‡øÚ ˜ø‰¬¬ıÕ˘ ˘˚˛, ø¬ÛÀ‰¬ Ó¬±1 ’±·ÀÓ¬˝√◊ fl¡fl¡±˝√◊ øfl¡√À1
’±˝√◊Ó¬±fl¡ ¬Û˘≈ª±˝√◊ ’±øÚøÂ√˘ Œ¸˝√◊ fl¡±ø˝√√Úœ 1±ô¶±ÀÓ¬ ˘· Œ¬Û±ª±
·“±ª1 ø¬Ûø˘„√√±À¬ı±1fl¡ fl¡í¬ıÕ˘ ’±1y fl¡À1º
fl¡fl¡±˝√◊ õ∂ÔÀ˜ ø˙é¬fl¡Ó¬± fl¡1± ¶≥®˘‡Ú øÚÊ√ ·“±ª1 ¬Û1±
¬ıUÓ¬ ”√Õ1Ó¬ ’±øÂ√˘º ˜±ÀÚ ‡≈1œ ’±˝√◊Ó¬±1 ‚11 ›‰¬1Ó¬ ’±øÂ√˘º
’±˝√◊Ó¬±1 ˜±fl¡1 ‚1Ó¬ Œ¬ı±À˘ ŒÏ¬1 ·1n∏-·±˝√◊ ’±øÂ√˘º Ù≈¬È≈¬fl¡±-
Ù≈¬È≈¬fl¡œ Ùˬfl¡ ¤È¬± ø¬Ûøg ’±˝√◊Ó¬±˝√◊ ¬ıUÓ¬1 ‚1ÀÓ¬ ·±‡œ1 ¬ı˝√√œÚ±
ø√ Ù≈¬ø1øÂ√˘º ˝√◊Ù¬±À˘ ‡≈1œ ’±˝√◊Ó¬±1 ø¬ıª1Ì1 ¬Û1± ˜±fl¡1 ‚1‡Ú
‡≈À¬ı˝√◊ ’ª¶ö± ¸•Ûiß ¬ı≈ø˘À˚˛˝√◊ ¸fl¡À˘±Àª ˆ¬±ø¬ıøÂ√˘º Œ¸À˚˛
fl¡±ø˝√√Úœ qøÚ Ôfl¡± ø¬Ûø˘„√√±˝√√“ÀÓ¬ ¸≈øÒÀ˚˛˝√◊ ø√À˚˛,ñ ì‡≈1œ ’±˝√◊Ó¬±
’í, ’±À¬Û±Ú±À˘±fl¡ ˝√◊˜±Ú ÒÚœ ˜±Ú≈À˝√√ ·±‡œ1 ø¬ıSêœ fl¡ø1À˝√√
‡±˝√◊øÂ√˘ Ú/î
‡≈1œ ’±˝√◊Ó¬±1 Ó¬±»é¬øÌfl¡ Î◊¬M√√1,ñ ìŒ˝√√˝√◊/ ·±‡œ1 ’±ø˜
¤ÀÚ˝√◊À˝√√ ø√øÂ√À˘±º Œfl¡±ÀÚ±¬ı±˝√◊ ¬Û˝√◊‰¬± ø√À˘ Δ˘øÂ√À˘± ˚ø√›
øÚø√À˘› Œfl¡±ÀÚ± fl¡Ô± Ú±øÂ√˘º ’±1n∏ ˝√◊˜±ÚÀ¬ı±1 ·±‡œ1 ’±ø˜
øfl¡˜±Ú ‡±˜∑ Œ¸À˚˛ ø¬ı˘±˝√◊À˝√√ ø√øÂ√À˘±ºíí
64
ì’í Ó¬±1¬Û±Â√Ó¬ qÚ/î ñ ‡≈1œ ’±˝√◊Ó¬±˝√◊ ¤˝√◊¬ı±1 øÚÊ√1
ø¬ıª1Ì ø√¬ıÕ˘ ÒÀ1,ñ
ë똱ÀÚ, Œ¸˝√◊ ¸˜˚˛Ó¬ Œ˜±1 1+¬Û1 &Ì-·±Ú Úfl¡1± ˜±Ú≈˝√
’=˘ÀÓ¬ Ú±øÂ√˘ ¬ı≈øÊ√Â√º Œ¸˝√◊ ¸1n∏ÀÓ¬˝√◊ ’±˜±1 ‚1Õ˘ õ∂±À˚˛
Œ˜±1 ¬ı±À¬ı ø¬ı¬ı±˝√√1 õ∂ô¶±ª ’±ø˝√√øÂ√˘º ø¬ÛÓ¬±À˚˛ Œ¬ı±À˘ ø˚Àfl¡±ÀÚ±
˜±Ú≈˝√Õ˘ Œ˜±1 ˝√◊˜±Ú Ò≈Úœ˚˛± ŒÂ√±ª±˘œÊ√Úœ ø¬ı˚˛± ø√ ø√¬ı ŒÚ±ª±À1“±
Ú˝√√˚˛º ‰¬±¬ı ˘±ø·¬ı, ˆ¬±ø¬ı¬ı ˘±ø·¬ıº
Œ˜±1 ˜±ÀÚ Œ¸˝√◊¸˜˚˛Ó¬ ¤À!¡¬ı±À1 ŒÓ¬ÀÊ√ Ù¬±ÀȬ± Ù¬±ÀȬ±
Œ‰¬À˝√√1±º ≈√¬Û1œ˚˛± 1í√Ó¬ ·±˘ ≈√‡Ú øȬfl¡øȬfl¡Õfl¡ 1„√√± Δ˝√√ Ô±Àfl¡º
ñøfl¡ÀÚ± fl¡íø¬ı/ ëë’˘¬Û˜±Ú ≈√‡ fl¡ø1, ¤˝√◊ Ê√œªÚ ¸√±˚˛ ¤Àfl¡
Ú±Ô±Àfl¡ Ú˝√√˚˛/ ¤øÓ¬˚˛±1 Œ˜±fl¡ Œ√ø‡ Ó¬˝√√“ÀÓ¬ Â√±Õ· ˆ¬±ø¬ıÂ√ ¤˝√◊
‡≈1œ ’±˝√◊Ó¬±˝√◊ ø˜Â√± fl¡Ô± Δfl¡ÀÂ√/î
ìÚ±˝√◊ ’í ‡≈1œ ’±˝√◊Ó¬±, Ó¬±1¬Û±Â√Ó¬ fl¡›fl¡À‰¬±Ú øfl¡ ˝√√í˘∑
fl¡fl¡±˝√◊ ’±À¬Û±Ú±fl¡ Œ√ø‡ ¬ı˘œ˚˛± Δ˝√√ ·í˘ Â√±Õ·/îñŒfl¡±ÀÚ±¬ı±
¤È¬±˝√◊ ’±Àfl¡Ã Î◊¬‰¬È¬øÚ ø√À˚˛º
ì¬ı˘œ˚˛± ˜±ÀÚ∑ fl¡í¬ıÀ˝√√ ˘±ø·ÀÂ√ÀÚ∑ ˜±ÀÚ øfl¡ ˝√√í˘, ¶≥®˘1
ø˙é¬fl¡ ¤Ê√ÀÚ ø¬ÛÓ¬±˝√◊fl¡ fl¡íÀ˘ Œ¬ı±À˘ ’˘¬ÛÀÓ¬ ¤Ê√Ú ø˙é¬Àfl¡
‰¬±fl¡ø1Ó¬ Œ˚±·√±Ú fl¡ø1ÀÂ√ø˝√√/ ‚11 ¬Û1± ”√1 ˝√√˚˛ ¬ı±À¬ı ¶≥®˘1
›‰¬1ÀÓ¬ ˆ¬±Î¬ˇ± ‚1 Δ˘ÀÂ√º ˆ¬±Ó¬-¬Û±Úœ øÚÀÊ√˝√◊ 1±Àg, ¶≥®˘À1
‰¬fl¡œ√±1 ¤Ê√ÀÚ› ˘±ø·-À˜ø˘ ø√À˚˛º ŒÓ¬À‡Ó¬fl¡ ’˘¬Û˜±Ú
·±‡œ1 ˘±ø·øÂ√˘º Œ¸˝√◊ ŒÓ¬ÀÚÕfl¡À˚˛ ˜˝√◊ fl¡fl¡±11 ˆ¬±Î¬ˇ±‚1Ó¬
·±‡œ1 ø√¬ıÕ˘ Δ·øÂ√À˘±º ≈√ø√Ú˜±Ú ‰¬fl¡œ√±1Ê√ÀÚ˝√◊ ·±‡œ1
Δ˘øÂ√˘, ø¬ÛÀ‰¬ ¤ø√Ú fl¡fl¡±À1 ·±‡œ1 ˘í¬ıÕ˘ ¬ı±‰¬Ú ¤È¬± Δ˘
›˘±˝√◊ ’±ø˝√√˘º ¬ı≈˝√◊Â√ÀÚ, ˜˝√◊ ·±‡œ1ø‡øÚ ¬ı±øfl¡ ø√À˘±, ŒÓ¬À‡Ó¬1
‡¬ıÀ1˝√◊ Ú±˝√◊º ¬ı±‰¬ÚÀȬ± Œ¬ı“fl¡± Δ˝√√ ·±‡œ1 ¬Ûø1 ·í˘, fl¡fl¡±À1
Œfl¡ª˘ Œ˜±1 ˜≈‡Õ˘Àfl¡ ‰¬±˝√◊ Ô±øfl¡˘ºíí ñ‡≈1œ ’±˝√◊Ó¬±1 ˜≈‡‡ÚÓ¬
Î◊¬ÀM√√Ê√Ú±1 ˆ¬±ª Œ√‡± ·í˘º
ø¬Ûø˘„√√±À¬ı±11 Î◊¬ÀM√√Ê√Ú±› ¬ı±øϬˇ ˚±˚˛º ìÓ¬±1¬Û±Â√Ó¬ øfl¡
˝√√í˘∑î ø¸˝√√“ÀÓ¬ ¸˜¶§À1 ø‰¬¤“ûÀ1...
ìŒ˝√√˝√◊ 1í˝√√/ ˝√◊˜±Ú øÚø‰¬¤ûø1ø¬ı/ ˜±Ú≈À˝√√ øfl¡ ˆ¬±ø¬ı¬ı∑ñ
’±˝√◊Ó¬±˝√◊ √ø¬ı˚˛±˝√◊ ø¸˝√√“Ó¬fl¡º fl¡±Ú ¸ij≈‡1 ¬Û1± ‡≈1œ ’±˝√◊Ó¬±1
¸˜-¬ı˚˛¸œ˚˛± ≈√·1±fl¡œ˜±Ú ’±ø˝√√ ’±ÀÂ√º ˘À· ˘À·˝√◊ ‡≈1œ
’±˝√◊Ó¬±˝√◊ fl¡±ø˝√√Úœ ‰¬˜≈ª±˝√◊ Œ¬Û˘±˚˛,ñ
ìÓ¬±1¬Û±Â√Ó¬ ’±1n∏ øfl¡ ˝√√í¬ı∑ fl¡fl¡±À1 Œ˜±1 ø¬ÛÓ¬±˝√◊fl¡ Δ·
˝√√±ÀÓ¬-ˆ¬ø1À˚˛ Òø1À˘ Œ¬ı±À˘ ’±À¬Û±Ú±1 ŒÂ√±ª±˘œfl¡ Œ˜±Õ˘ ø¬ı˚˛±
øÚø√À˘ ˜˝√◊ Ê√œ˚˛±˝√◊ Ú±Ô±øfl¡˜º Œfl¡±ÀÚÀÚ± ¬ı±1n∏ ¬Û±¬Û1 ˆ¬±1
˘˚˛, ˝√√˚˛ÀÚ∑ Œ¸À˚˛ fl¡fl¡±1Õ˘Àfl¡ Œ˜±fl¡ ø¬ı˚˛± ø√ ø√À˘ºíí
 ìø¬ÛÀ‰¬ fl¡fl¡±Õ˘ ’±¬Û≈øÚ ¬Û˘±˝√◊ ’±ø˝√√øÂ√˘ ¬ı≈ø˘À˝√√
qøÚøÂ√À˘±î ñŒfl¡±ÀÚ±¬ı± ¤È¬±˝√◊ ’±Àfl¡Ã ŒÊ√±fl¡±¬ıÕ˘ ÒÀ1º
‡≈1œ ’±˝√◊Ó¬±˝√◊ Ú≈qÚ± ˆ¬±› Òø1 ’“±Ó¬ø1 ˚±˚˛º Œfl¡±ÀÚ±¬ı±˝√◊
’±Àfl¡Ã ø¬Û‰¬1 ¬Û1±˝√◊ Î◊¬øfl¡˚˛±˝√◊,ñ
ì‡≈1œ ’±˝√◊Ó¬±1 fl¡±À1±¬ı±1 ‚1Ó¬ Δ· ‰¬±˝√√ Œ‡±ª±1 ¸˜˚˛
Δ˝√√ÀÂ√º ø¬Û‰¬1 fl¡±ø˝√√Úœˆ¬±· Œ¸˝√◊‚1Ó¬À˝√√ fl¡í¬ıÕ·ºíí
¸“‰¬±Õfl¡À˚˛ ‡≈1œ ’±˝√◊Ó¬± Œfl¡±ÀÚ±¬ı± ¤‚1Ó¬ Δ· Œ¸±˜±˚˛º
˝√◊øÓ¬˜ÀÒ… ˝√√˚˛ÀÓ¬± Œ¸˝√◊‚11 ˜±Ú≈˝√1 ¬Û≈ª±1 ‰¬±˝√√È≈¬ø¬Û Œ‡±ª± Δ˝√√
·í˘º ’Ú≈˜±Ú fl¡ø1 ·˘-À‡“fl¡±ø1 ¤È¬± ˜±ø1 ≈√˝√◊-¤È¬± fl¡Ô± ¸≈øÒ
øÚÀÊ√˝√◊ ˜”Ϭˇ± ¤È¬± Δ˘ ¬ıø˝√√ ˘˚˛º ’˘¬Û ¸˜˚˛ ¬Û±fl¡‚11 Ù¬±À˘
Œfl¡±ÀÚ± ¸±1-¸≈1 ŒÚ±À˝√√±ª±1 ’Ú≈˜±Ú fl¡ø1 fl¡í¬ıÕ˘ ’±1y
fl¡À1,ñ
쉬±˝√√ ¬ıÚ±˝√◊Â√± ŒÚøfl¡ Ú-ÀÂ√±ª±˘œ∑ ¤ø‰¬fl¡≈Ȭ˜±Ú ø√¬ı± Œ˝√√,
øάø„√√ÀȬ± qfl¡±˝√◊ Δ·ÀÂ√ºíí
˚ø√ ‰¬±˝√√1 ˘·Ó¬ ≈√˝√◊-¤È¬± ø¬ı¶≥®È¬À˝√√ Œ√À‡ ˘À· ˘À·˝√◊
Œ¸±ÀÒ,ñ ì’±øÊ√ ˝√√í¬ı˘± ‡±˘œ ‰¬±˝√√À˝√√ ‡±˘±∑î
Ó¬±1¬Û±Â√ÀÓ¬˝√◊ ’±1y Δ˝√√ ˚±˚˛ ‡≈1œ ’±˝√◊Ó¬±˝√◊ ¬Û≈ª±1 ¸±Ê√Ó¬
øfl¡ øfl¡ ¬ıÚ±À˘/ñ ì‡≈√ ‰¬±Î◊¬˘ ’˘¬Û ’±øÂ√˘, Ó¬±Àfl¡ 1±øÓ¬
øÓ¬˚˛±˝√◊ ΔÔøÂ√À˘±º ¬Û≈ª± ŒÏ¬“fl¡œÓ¬ ‡≈øμ ¬Û±Úœø¬Ûͬ± ’˘¬Û ¬ıÚ±À˘±º
’±˜± ’±Àfl¡Ã ¬ı ø√·√±1Ø ˝√◊ÀȬ±Àª Œ‡±ª±ÀȬ± ø¸ÀȬ±Àª Ú±‡±˚˛º
‰¬¬ıÕ˘Àfl¡ Œ¬ıÀ˘· Œ¬ıÀ˘· ¬ıÚ±¬ı ˘±À·º Œ¸˝√◊ø√Ú± Œ¸±Ì1 ˜±Àfl¡
ø√˚˛± ¬ı1± ‰¬±Î◊¬˘ ’˘¬Û ’±øÂ√˘º Ó¬±Àfl¡ ¬Û≈ª± Î◊¬øͬ ·±-ÀÒ±ª±1
’±·ÀÓ¬˝√◊ Ò≈˝√◊ øÓ¬˚˛±˝√◊ ΔÔøÂ√À˘±º ‚“œ ’fl¡Ú ø√ ¸±˜±Ú…Àfl¡ ¬Û±Úœ
Â√øȬ˚˛±˝√◊ ˆ¬±øÊ√À˘±º ’fl¡ÌÀȬ±Àª Œ‰¬øÚ ø√À˚˛˝√◊ ‡±˚˛, ˘±È≈¬fl¡ ’±Àfl¡Ã
·±‡œ1 ’fl¡Ì˜±ÀÚ± ˘±À·º ˝√◊Ù¬±À˘ ¸1n∏ÀȬ±Àª ¤˝√◊À¬ı±1 ¤Àfl¡±Àª˝√◊
Ú±‡±˚˛º Ó¬±1 ¬ı±À¬ı ˆ¬±Ó¬ÀÓ¬ ’±˘≈ ¤È¬± ø√À˘±, 1±øÓ¬1 ˜±—¸À1±
’fl¡Ì˜±Ú ’±øÂ√˘º Ó¬±Àfl¡ ø√ ΔÔ ’±ø˝√√ÀÂ√±ºíí
qÀÚ±Ó¬±Àfl¡˝√◊·1±fl¡œÀ˚˛ Δfl¡À˚˛˝√◊ ø√À˚˛,ñ
ì‡≈1œÀ√Î◊¬/ ’±À¬Û±Ú±1 ΔÒ˚« ’±ÀÂ√ Œ√˝√◊ ¬Û≈ª±˝√◊ ¬Û≈ª±˝√◊
˝√◊˜±ÚÀ¬ı±1 ¬ıÚ±¬ıÕ˘/ ’±˜±1 ’±1n∏ ˜±1ˆ¬±Ó¬-À˘Àª1± ˆ¬±øÊ√ ’fl¡Ì
¬ıÚ±˝√◊ ø√ ˘íÂ√±˘œ˝√√“Ó¬fl¡ ¶≥®˘Õ˘ ¬Ûøͬ˚˛±˝√◊À˝√√ øÚÊ√Õ˘ ‰¬±˝√√ ’fl¡Ì
fl¡ø1¬ıÕ˘ Œ¸±À1±„√√± ›˘±˚˛ºíí
˝√◊øÓ¬˜ÀÒ… ‰¬±˝√√-Ó¬±À˜±˘ ‡±˝√◊ Î◊¬øͬ ‡≈1œ ’±˝√◊Ó¬±˝√◊ ì˚±›“
ø√˚˛±, Œ√ø1À˚˛˝√◊ ˝√√í˘îñ ¬ı≈ø˘ ‚1Õ˘ ˚±˚˛º Œ¸˝√◊ø‡øÚ ¸˜˚˛Ó¬
·“±ª1 õ∂±˚˛ø¬ı˘±fl¡ ˜±Ú≈À˝√√˝√◊ ·1n∏-·±˝√◊fl¡ ¬Û±Úœ Œ‡±ª±¬ıÕ˘, Ò±Ú1
¸“Ê√ Òø1ÀÂ√ÀÚ Ú±˝√◊ ‰¬±¬ıÕ˘ ¬ÛÔ±1Õ˘ ˚±˚˛º Œ˚øÓ¬˚˛± ˆ¬1 ≈√¬Û1œ˚˛±
65
ˆ¬±Ó¬ ¬ıÚ±¬ıÕ˘ ‚1Õ˘ Î◊¬ˆ¬øÓ¬ ’±À˝√√ ŒÓ¬øÓ¬˚˛±Õ˘ ‡≈1œ ’±˝√◊Ó¬±˝√√“Ó¬1
‚1Ó¬ ≈√¬Û1œ˚˛±1 ˆ¬±Ó¬¸±Ê√ Œ‡±ª± ’±1y Δ˝√√ ˚±˚˛º Œ¸À˚˛ ’±Ú
‚1À¬ı±1Ó¬ ≈√¬Û1œ˚˛±1 ˆ¬±Ó¬ ¬ıÚ±˝√◊ Œ˝√√±ª±Õ˘ ‡≈1œ ’±˝√◊Ó¬± ’±Àfl¡Ã
˜”1 Ù¬øÚ˚˛±˝√◊ ‰≈¬ø˘ ’“±‰≈¬ø1 øȬ¬Û-Ȭ¬Û Δ˝√√ Œfl¡±ÀÚ±¬ı± ¤‚1Ó¬
›˘±˚˛Õ·/ Δ·À˚˛˝√◊ øÚÀÊ√ ≈√¬Û1œ˚˛±1 ¸±Ê√Ó¬ øfl¡ øfl¡ ‡±À˘,
Œfl¡ÀÚÕfl¡ ¬ıÚ±À˘ Ó¬±1 ø¬ıª1Ì ø√ Î◊¬Àͬ ˜±ÀÚ Œ¸˝√◊‚1À1± Œ‡±ª±1
¸˜˚˛ ˝√√˚˛Õ·º ‚1‡Ú1 ¸fl¡À˘±Àª Œ‡±ª±1 ¬Û±Â√Ó¬ ·‘ø˝√√ÚœÀ˚˛
Œ‡±ª±1 ¸˜˚˛Ó¬ Œ¸ÃÊ√Ú…1 ‡±øÓ¬1ÀÓ¬ ˝√√íÀ˘› ‡≈1œ ’±˝√◊Ó¬±fl¡
ˆ¬±Ó¬ ‡±¬ıÕ˘ fl¡˚˛º ˝√◊øÓ¬˜ÀÒ… ≈√˝√◊-øÓ¬øÚ‡Ú Ó¬±À˜±˘ ‡±˝√◊ Œ¸À˘ø„√√
Œ¬ı“±ª±˝√◊ Ôfl¡± ‡≈1œ ’±˝√◊Ó¬±˝√◊ ì¤˝√√/ ˜˝√◊ ‡±˝√◊ ’±ø˝√√øÂ√À˘±Àª˝√◊/
øfl¡˚˛ÀÚ± ø√¬ı ˘±À·îñ ¬ı≈ø˘ ˘±À˝√√Õfl¡ Î◊¬øͬ Δ· √˜fl¡˘1 ¬Û1±
¬Û±Úœ Î◊¬ø˘˚˛±˝√◊ ˜≈‡‡Ú fl¡≈ø˘ fl¡≈ø˘ fl¡ø1 ‰¬±Ù¬± fl¡ø1 Δ˘ ¬Û±fl¡‚11
Ù¬±À˘ ˚±¬ıÕ˘ ÒÀ1º
Œfl¡ª˘ Œ˚ Œ‡±ª±1 ¬ı±À¬ı˝√◊ ‡≈1œ ’±˝√◊Ó¬±˝√◊ ¤ÀÚ√À1 ·“±ª1
˜±Ú≈˝√1 ‚1Õ˘ ˚±˚˛ Œ¸˝√◊ÀȬ± ˜±Ú≈˝√À¬ı±À1 ˘±À˝√√ ˘±À˝√√ ¸±˜±Ú…Àfl¡
’Ú≈ˆ¬ª fl¡ø1¬ıÕ˘ Δ˘øÂ√˘º ≈√˝√◊-¤‚À1 ‡≈1œ ’±˝√◊Ó¬±fl¡ ”√1ÀÓ¬
Œ√ø‡À˘˝√◊ ‚11 ˜”˘ ≈√ª±1‡Ú ¬ıg fl¡ø1 ø√øÂ√˘º ›‰¬1-¬Û“±Ê√11
≈√˝√◊-¤‚11 ˜ÀÓ¬ ‚1‡Ú1 ’Ó¬À¬ı±1 ˘í1±-ÀÂ√±ª±˘œfl¡ ‡±¬ıÕ˘
ø√˚˛±1 ¬Û±Â√Ó¬ ‡≈1œ ’±˝√◊Ó¬±Õ˘ ¤Àfl¡± Ú±Ô±Àfl¡Õ·À˚˛ Œ˝√√ÀÚ±/ Œ¸À˚˛
ŒÓ¬ÀÚÕfl¡ ˝√√íÀ˘› Œ¬ÛȬ1 ˆ¬±Ó¬˜≈øͬ Î◊¬ø˘›ª±1 Œ‰¬©Ü± fl¡À1 Â√±Õ·/
˜±Ê√ÀÓ¬ ¬ıUÓ¬ ¬ıÂ√11 ˜”1Ó¬ ‡≈1œ ’±˝√◊Ó¬± ˜±fl¡1 ‚1Õ˘
·í˘º ¬ıUÀÓ¬ ˆ¬±˘ ¬Û±À˘º ’ôLÓ¬– ’˘¬Ûø√Ú ‡≈1œ ’±˝√◊Ó¬±˝√◊
˜±Ú≈˝√ 1 ‚1Ó¬ Œ‡±ª±ÀȬ± fl¡ø˜¬ı/ øfl¡c ≈√˝√◊ ¤ø√ÚÀÓ¬ õ∂±˚˛
¸fl¡À˘±Àª˝√◊ ’Ú≈ˆ¬ª fl¡ø1¬ıÕ˘ Δ˘øÂ√˘ Œ˚ ·“±›‡ÚÓ¬ ¤fl¡õ∂fl¡±11
øÚÊ√«ÚÓ¬±˝√◊ ø¬ı1±Ê√ fl¡ø1ÀÂ√º ‡≈1œ ’±˝√◊Ó¬±1 øÚÊ√fl¡ Δ˘, 1g±-
¬ıϬˇ±fl¡ Δ˘, ‚1‡Úfl¡, ˘í1±-ÀÂ√±ª±˘œfl¡ Δ˘ ø√˚˛± ø¬ıª1ÀÌÀ1 ·“±ª1
˜±Ú≈˝√1 ¬Û≈ª±-·Ò”˘œ1 ˆ¬±˘ ˜ÀÚ±1?Ú Δ˝√√ Ô±Àfl¡º ’ªÀ˙… ≈√ø√Ú
ŒÚÃ˝√√›“ÀÓ¬˝√◊ ‡≈1œ ’±˝√◊Ó¬± Î◊¬ˆ¬øÓ¬› ’±ø˝√√˘º ’ôLÓ¬– √˝√ø√Ú˜±Ú1
¬ı±À¬ı Œ˚±ª± ‡≈1œ ’±˝√◊Ó¬± ≈√ø√ÚÀÓ¬˝√◊ Î◊¬ˆ¬øÓ¬ ’˝√√± ¬ı±À¬ı ¸fl¡À˘±
’±‰¬ø1Ó¬ ˝√√í˘º
‡≈1œ ’±˝√◊Ó¬± ’±ø˝√√˘ ’íñ Œ¸˚˛± ·“±ª1 Œfl¡±ÀÚ±¬ı±˝√◊
’±È¬±˝√√ ¬Û±ø1 Œfl¡±ª± qÚ± ·í˘º
ì’í ˝√√˚˛ ŒÚøfl¡∑ ‡≈1œ ’±˝√◊Ó¬± ˜±fl¡1 ‚11 ¬Û1± ˝√◊˜±Ú
Œ¸±Úfl¡±À˘˝√◊ ’±ø˝√√˘ ŒÚ∑ ì·“±ªÀ1 ¬ı1˜±, ‡≈1œ ŒÊ√ͬ±˝√◊˝√“Ó¬1
√˘ÀȬ± øÚÊ√ øÚÊ√ ‚11 ¬Û1± ›˘±˝√◊ ’±ø˝√√ ¤‚11 ¬Û”√ø˘˜≈‡Ó¬
Δ1 fl¡Ô± ¬Û±øÓ¬¬ıÕ˘ Òø1À˘º
ì¤øÓ¬˚˛± ‡≈1œ ’±˝√◊Ó¬±˝√◊ fl¡í¬ıø˝√√ Œ√˝√◊,ñ 뤽√√/ ‚1‡Ú
¤ø1 ¤ø√ÀÚ± Ô±øfl¡¬ı ŒÚ±ª±À1“± ’í, Ó¬±ÀÓ¬ ‡≈1±Õ√À˚˛ ˜±øÓ¬ ¬Ûͬ±À˘
Œ˚/ ˜˝√◊ Ú˝√√íÀ˘˝√◊ Œ˚ Ú‰¬À˘º Œ¸À˚˛ &ø‰¬À˚˛˝√◊ ’±ø˝√√À˘± ¬ı≈˝√‰◊ ¬ºííñ
fl¡±¯∏1 ‚11 ¬ı1˜±˝√◊ ‡≈1œ ’±˝√◊Ó¬±˝√◊ fl¡í¬ı ¬Û±1± fl¡Ô±ø‡øÚ ’Ú≈˜±Ú
fl¡ø1¬ıÕ˘ Òø1À˘º
¤ÀÚfl¡≈ª± ˘±ø·˘ Œ˚Ú ‡≈1œ ’±˝√◊Ó¬± ·“±ªÕ˘ Î◊¬ˆ¬øÓ¬
’˝√√±Ó¬À˝√√ ¸fl¡À˘±Àª ¸fl¡±˝√√ ’Ú≈ˆ¬ª fl¡ø1ÀÂ√º ø¬ÛÀ‰¬ Ȭ±Î◊¬ÚÓ¬
¬ı±Â√1 ¬Û1± Ú±ø˜ õ∂±˚˛ ¬Û“±‰¬ øfl¡À˘±ø˜È¬±1 ”√1Q1 ‚1Õ˘ Œ¬Û±Ú±›“ÀÓ¬
‡≈1œ ’±˝√◊Ó¬±1 ˆ¬±À˘ø‡øÚ ¸˜˚˛ ˘±ø·˘º ‡≈1œ ’±˝√◊Ó¬±fl¡ ë’±ø˝√√À˘í
’Ô¬ı± ëfl¡íÕ˘ Δ·øÂ√˘í ¬ı≈ø˘ Œ¸±Ò± ¸fl¡À˘±Àfl¡ ‡≈1œ ’±˝√◊Ó¬±1
˜±fl¡1 ‚1Ó¬ ŒÓ¬À‡Ó¬fl¡ Ô±øfl¡¬ıÕ˘ øfl¡˜±Ú ŒÊ√±1 fl¡1± ¶§ÀQ›
øÚÊ√1 ‚1‡ÚÓ¬ ŒÓ¬›“1 &1n∏Q1 fl¡Ô± ¬ı…±‡…± fl¡ø1À˚˛˝√◊ Œ˚
Ú±Ô±øfl¡À˘ Œ¸˝√◊ fl¡Ô±ø‡øÚÀfl¡ Î◊¬1±˝√◊-‚”1±˝√◊ ·±˝√◊ ·±˝√◊ ·“±› Œ¸±˜±˝√◊
˜±ÀÚ fl¡±øÚ-˜≈øÚ Œ¬ıø˘fl¡±˝√◊ Δ˝√√ Δ·øÂ√˘º ·øÓ¬Àfl¡ ’øÚ26± ¶§ÀQ›
‡≈1œ ’±˝√◊Ó¬±fl¡ ˜±Ó¬ ˘·±˝√◊ ˜±Ú≈˝√À¬ı±1 ‚1±-‚ø1 ·í˘º ’ªÀ˙…˝√◊
ø¬Û‰¬ø√Ú±‡Ú1 ¬Û1± Œfl¡˝√◊ø√Ú˜±ÚÕ˘ ‡≈1œ ’±˝√◊Ó¬±1 ˜±fl¡1 ‚11
¬Û≈1±ÀÌ Œ˚ ˆ¬±˘ ’±À˜±√ ø√¬ı Œ¸˝√À◊ Ȭ± ¸fl¡À˘±Àª˝√◊ ¬ı≈øÊ√ Î◊¬øͬøÂ√˘º
·“±ª1 øÓ¬øÚ ’±ø˘Ó¬ Œfl¡1˜ Œ‡˘± √˘ÀȬ±1 ˜±Ê√Ó¬ ¤ø√Ú
‡≈1œ ’±˝√◊Ó¬±˝√◊ Œfl¡±ª± fl¡Ô±À¬ı±1 øfl¡˜±Ú ¸“‰¬±-ø˜Â√± Œ¸˝√◊ÀȬ± Ê√Ú±1
¶§Ó¬« 1‡± ˝√√í˘º ¶§Ó¬« ˝√√í˘ ˚ø√› ‡≈1œ ’±˝√◊Ó¬±1 ‚1Ó¬ Δ· fl¡Ô±ÀȬ±1
Ó¬√ôL fl¡ø1¬ıÕ˘ ˚±¬ıÕ˘ ø¸˝√√“Ó¬1 Œ¬ı˚˛±› ˘±ø·˘º ¤ø√Ú ‡≈1œ
’±˝√◊Ó¬±˝√√“Ó¬1 ‚11 ø¬Û‰¬Ù¬±˘1 ¸œ˜±1 ø¸Ù¬±À˘ Ôfl¡± Œ·ÀÊ√¬ÛøÚ
˜±1± ˝√√±ø¬ıÓ¬ ·Â√ fl¡±øȬ fl¡±øȬ ·“±ªÀ1 ø˜ø¶a Ó¬1n∏ÀÌ ≈√¬Û1œ˚˛±1
¸˜˚˛Ó¬ ‰¬˜≈ ¬ı±È¬ ¬ı≈ø˘ ‡≈1œ ’±˝√◊Ó¬±˝√√“Ó¬1 ¬ı±1œÀ˚˛ø√ Œ¬Û±Ú±˝√◊
’±ø˝√√ ’±øÂ√˘º ’±ø˝√√ ’±ø˝√√ ‡≈1œ ’±˝√◊Ó¬±fl¡ ˜±Ó¬ ø√ ¬Û±Úœ ¤ø·˘±Â√
ø¬ı‰¬±À1“± ¬ı≈ø˘ ¬Û±fl¡‚11 fl¡±¯∏1 ø¬Û1±ø˘ÀÓ¬ ¬ıø˝√√ ¬Ûø1˘º Œ¸˝√¸◊ ˜˚˛Ó¬
‡≈1œ ’±˝√◊Ó¬±1 ‚11 ¸fl¡À˘±Àª ≈√¬Û1œ˚˛±1 ¸±Ê√ ‡±˝√◊ ’±øÂ√˘º
Ó¬1n∏ÀÌ øfl¡¬ı± Œfl¡±ª±1 ’±·ÀÓ¬˝√◊ ‡≈1œ ’±˝√◊Ó¬±˝√◊ Œfl¡±ª± qøÚÀ˘,ñ
ì’±øÊ√ Œ·±˜Ò±ÚÀfl¡ ‡±˝√√fl¡º 1±øÓ¬Õ˘ ¬ı±À¬ÛÀ1 øȬÎ◊¬‰¬Ú1
¬Û1± ’±À˝√√“±ÀÓ¬ ‰¬±Î◊¬˘ ’±øÚ¬ıº ŒÓ¬øÓ¬˚˛± ˆ¬±Ó¬ ‡±¬ıÕ˘ ¬Û±ø¬ıº
’±1n∏ ‡¬ı1√±1, ‚11 ¬ı±ø˝√√1Ó¬ fl¡±Àfl¡± ¤Àfl¡± Úfl¡íø¬ıºíí
ì’±ø˜ ˝√◊˚˛±Àfl¡ ‡±¬ı ˘±ø·¬ıº Ó¬˝√◊À˝√√ ’±1-Ó¬±1 ‚1Ó¬ Δ·
¤·±˘˜±Ú 1g±-¬ıϬˇ±1 fl¡Ô± Δfl¡ Δfl¡ Ó¬±ÀÓ¬ ‰¬±˝√√-ˆ¬±Ó¬ Î◊¬ø˘˚˛±˝√◊
’±Â√ ¬ı≈ø˘ ’±ø˜ ¬ı≈øÊ√ Ú±¬Û±›“ ŒÚøfl¡∑ ˘±ÀÊ√˝√◊ ˘±À· ·“±ª1
˜±Ú≈˝√Õ˘.../î ‡≈1œ ’±˝√◊Ó¬±1 ¸1n∏ ˘í1±ÀȬ±Àª Δfl¡ Î◊¬øͬ˘º º
ìÓ¬˝√√“ÀÓ¬ øfl¡ ¬ı≈øÊ√ø¬ı∑ ŒÚ±À‡±ª±Õfl¡ Ô±øfl¡ Ô±øfl¡ Œ¬ÛȬӬ
Œ˝√√±ª± Œ·ø©Ü™fl¡1 ;±˘± Œfl¡ÀÚÕfl¡ ¸ø˝√√ Ô±Àfl¡“±∑ Ó¬˝√√“Ó¬fl¡ ø˚ ’fl¡Ú
‡±¬ıÕ˘ ø√˚˛±1 ø¬Û‰¬Ó¬ Œ˜±Õ˘ ¤Àfl¡±Àª˝√◊ Ú±Ô±Àfl¡º Ê√±ÀÚ±, ¬ıUÀÓ¬
66
Œ¬ı˚˛± ¬Û±˚˛/ííñ ‡≈1œ ’±˝√◊Ó¬±1 ˜±Ó¬Ó¬ ¤fl¡ fl¡1n∏Ì ¸≈1 ˆ¬“±ø˝√√
’±ø˝√√˘º
’¬ı±fl¡ Δ˝√√ ¬Û1± Ó¬1n∏ÀÌ ¬Û±fl¡‚11 Œ¬ı11 Ê√˘„√√±˝√◊ø√ Ê√≈ø˜
‰¬±À˘º ˝√√˚˛, ¬Û±fl¡‚11 ˜øÊ√˚˛±Ó¬ ¤È¬± ά±„√√1 Œfl¡1±˝√√œÓ¬ ø¸ÀÊ√±ª±
Œ·±˜Ò±Úø‡øÚº Ó¬±Àfl¡ ’±È¬±˝√◊À¬ı±À1 Δ˘ ‡±˝√◊ ’±ÀÂ√º ’ªÀ˙…
˜√¬Ûœ ≈√À˚˛±È¬± ¬Û≈ÀÓ¬fl¡ Ú±˝√◊º ‡≈1œ ’±˝√◊Ó¬±1 ‚11 ˘·ÀÓ¬ Ôfl¡±
¸±˜±Ú… ˜±øȬfl¡ÚÓ¬ Œ·±˜Ò±Ú1 Œ‡øÓ¬ fl¡1± ¸fl¡À˘±Àª˝√◊ Œ√À‡º
Œfl¡±ÀÚ±¬ı±˝√◊ ‡≈øÊ√À˘ ø¬ÛÀ‰¬ fl¡fl¡±˝√◊ ·±ø˘ ¬Û±ø1¬ı ¬ı≈ø˘ fl¡±Àfl¡±
øÚø√À˚˛º Œ¸˝√◊ Œ·±˜Ò±ÀÚÀ1˝√◊ ‡≈1œ ’±˝√◊Ó¬±1 ‚1Ó¬ Œ¸˝√◊ø√Ú±1
≈√¬Û1œ˚˛±1 ¸±Ê√/
Ó¬1n∏ÀÌ ¤Àfl¡± ÚÕfl¡ &ø‰¬ ’±ø˝√√˘º øÓ¬øÚ ’±ø˘Ó¬ ŒÓ¬øÓ¬˚˛±›
Œ√˙-À√˙±ôL11 ›¬Û1Ó¬ ’±D± ˜±ø1 ¸˜˚˛ fl¡ÀȬ±ª± ŒÎ¬fl¡±
Œfl¡˝√◊Ê√Ú˜±Ú ’±øÂ√À˘˝√◊/ Ó¬1n∏ÀÌ ø¸˝√√“Ó¬Àfl¡˝√◊ fl¡Ô±ÀȬ± fl¡íÀ˘º
õ∂ÔÀ˜ ¬ı±Ê√œ øÊ√fl¡±1 Ù”¬øÓ¬«Ó¬ ø¸˝√√“Ó¬ Î◊¬¡Z±Î◊¬˘ ˝√√í˘ ˚ø√› ’±‰¬˘
fl¡Ô±ÀȬ± Ê√±øÚ¬ı1 ¬ı±À¬ı ø¸˝√√“ÀÓ¬ fl¡Ô±ÀȬ± Œ·±¬ÛÀÚ 1±ø‡À˘º
ø¬Û‰¬ø√Ú± ≈√Ê√Ú ŒÎ¬fl¡±˝√◊ Δ· ‡≈1œ ’±˝√◊Ó¬±1 ‚1Ó¬ ≈√¬Û1œ˚˛±
¸“±Ê√1 øfl¡ ¬ı…ª¶ö± ˜ÀÚ ˜ÀÚ ‰¬±¬ıÕ˘ ·í˘º Œ¸˝√◊ø√Ú± ’ªÀ˙…
ˆ¬±Ó¬-√±ø˘-˙±fl¡1 ˆ¬±øÊ√ ’±øÂ√˘º ø¸˝√√“ÀÓ¬ ˆ¬±ø¬ıÀ˘ Œ˚ ‡≈1œ
’±˝√◊Ó¬±˝√◊ÀÚ± Œ¸˝√◊ø√Ú±1 Œ‡±ª±1 øfl¡ ø¬ıª1Ì ø√À˚˛ Œ‰¬±ª± ˚±›fl¡º
¸‰¬1±‰¬1 Œ˝√√±ª±1 √À1 ‡≈1œ ’±˝√◊Ó¬± ’±Ê√ø1 Δ˝√√ ¤‚1Õ˘
·í˘º ˘±À˝√√ ˘±À˝√√ øÚÊ√1 ‚1Ó¬ ≈√¬Û1œ˚˛± Œ‡±ª±1 ø¬ıª1Ì ø√¬ıÕ˘
Òø1À˘,ñ
ì‡≈1±À˚˛À1 ¤È¬± ά±„√√1 ˙í˘ ˜±Â√ ’±øÚÀ˘º Ó¬±Àfl¡ ¬ı±1œÀ1
Œfl¡¬ı± ø˜˝√√ø˘ ˙±fl¡-fl¡Ì ø¬ı˘±˝√√œ ø√ ¤‡Ú ¬ıÚ±À˘±º ≈√ø√Ú˜±Ú1
’±·ÀÓ¬ ‡±øμ ’±øÚ 1í√±˝√◊ ŒÔ±ª± fl¡±Í¬’±˘≈ ’±øÂ√˘º Ó¬±À1 fi
ŒÈ¬„√√± ø√ ¤‡Ú ˜±Â√1 ’±?± ¬ıÚ±À˘±º √±ø˘ ’±øÂ√˘, ˆ¬±øÊ√
’±øÂ√˘, ˘·ÀÓ¬ ¬ı±1œ1 ¬Û1± ¬Û±À˘— Œfl¡˝√◊ά±˘˜±Ú, ¬ıg±fl¡ø¬ı1
Œfl¡“±˝√√ ’˘¬Û, Œfl¡“‰¬± Ê√˘fl¡œ˚˛±-’±√± ø√ Â√±È¬øÚ ¤‡ÀÚ± ¬ıÚ±›“ÀÓ¬À˝√√
Œ¬ÛÈ¬Õ˘ ˆ¬±Ó¬ ˜≈øͬ Δ·ÀÂ√ºî
Œ√˙-À√˙±ôL1, 1±Ê√ÚœøÓ¬1 ¬Û1± ·“±ª1 ·±ˆ¬1n∏1 ˜≈‡À1±‰¬fl¡
fl¡±ø˝√√ÚœÀ1 øÓ¬øÚ ’±ø˘ Ê√œ¬Û±˘ fl¡ø1 1‡± ŒÎ¬fl¡±˝√√“ÀÓ¬ ¸“‰¬±Õfl¡À˚˛
ÔÓ¬˜Ó¬ ‡±À˘º ‡≈1œ ’±˝√◊Ó¬±1 1gÚ-õ∂fl¡1Ì1 ø¬ıª1Ì ’±1n∏
ø¸˝√√“ÀÓ¬ Œ√‡± ¸“‰¬± 1+¬ÛÀȬ±fl¡ ˝√√Ê√˜ fl¡ø1¬ıÕ˘ Ȭ±Ú ¬Û±À˘º ’±Àfl¡Ã
¤¬ı±1 ¬Û1œé¬± fl¡1± ˝√√›fl¡ ¬ı≈ø˘ ‡≈1œ ’±˝√◊Ó¬±1 ‚1Ó¬ 1±øÓ¬1
¸±Ê√Ó¬ÀÚ± øfl¡ ‡±˝√◊ ‰¬±¬ıÕ˘ Œ¸˝√◊¬ı±1 ’±È¬±˝√◊À¬ı±1 ŒÎ¬fl¡±˝√◊ ·í˘º
ø√ÚÓ¬ Œ˚ÀÚÕfl¡ ·“±ª1 ˜±Ú≈˝√1 Ó≈¬˘Ú±Ó¬ ‡≈1œ ’±˝√◊Ó¬±1 ‚1Ó¬
Œ¸±Úfl¡±À˘˝√◊ ≈√¬Û1œ˚˛±1 ¸±Ê√ Œ‡±ª± ˝√√˚˛, ŒÓ¬ÀÚÕfl¡ 1±øÓ¬1 ¸±ÀÊ√±
·“±ª1 ’±Ú ‚1À¬ı±11 Ó≈¬˘Ú±Ó¬ Œ¸±Úfl¡±À˘˝√◊ ‡±˚˛º ·øÓ¬Àfl¡ øÓ¬øÚ
’±ø˘1 ’±D±1 ŒÎ¬fl¡±˝√√“ÀÓ¬ ‰≈¬À¬Û-‰¬±À¬Û ‡≈1œ ’±˝√◊Ó¬±1 ¬Û±fl¡‚11
Œ1˝√√-1+¬Û ‰¬±¬ıÕ˘ Δ1 Ô±øfl¡˘º Œ¸˝√◊ 1±øÓ¬ ˜±Â√1 Ó¬1fl¡±1œ ¤‡Ú
’±øÂ√˘º ˘·Ó¬ ¤‡Ú ˆ¬±øÊ√, √±ø˘ ø¬ÛÀ‰¬ Ú±øÂ√˘º
ø˚Ú˝√√›fl¡, ¬Û≈ª± ‡≈1œ ’±˝√◊Ó¬±1 ø¬ıª1Ì qøÚ¬ıÕ˘ ŒÎ¬fl¡±˝√√“Ó¬
¸¶a˜ Δ˝√√ Ô±øfl¡˘º ’±Úø√Ú±1 √À1˝√◊ fl¡“¬Û±˘Ó¬ Œ·±˘ 1„√√± ŒÙ¬“±È¬-
À¸μ≈À1À1 1ø„√√˘œ Δ˝√√ ‡≈1œ ’±˝√◊Ó¬±˝√◊ ‚11 ¬Û1± ›˘±˝√◊ ’˝√√±1
˘À· ˘À·˝√◊ ¬Û”√ø˘˜≈‡ÀÓ¬ ’±À˘‡-À˘‡ Δ˘ Ôfl¡± ≈√Ê√Ú˜±Ú
ŒÎ¬fl¡±˝√◊ ¤ÀÚ˝√◊ øfl¡¬ı±-øfl¡ø¬ı fl¡Ô± ¬Û±øÓ¬ ¬Û±øÓ¬ ‡≈1œ ’±˝√◊Ó¬±fl¡
øÓ¬øÚ ’±ø˘1 ’±D±1 Ô˘œ Œ¬Û±ª±À˘Õ·º fl¡±À1±¬ı±1 ‚1Õ˘
˚±¬ıÕ˘Àfl¡± ‡≈1œ ’±˝√◊Ó¬±˝√◊ ¸≈1n∏„√±Àfl¡ Ú±¬Û±À˘º Œfl¡±ÀÚ±¬ı± ¤È¬±˝√◊
øÓ¬øÚ ’±ø˘1 ŒÎ¬fl¡± ‰¬±„√√1 ’±D± Ô˘œ1 ˘·ÀÓ¬ Ôfl¡± ˝√√À1Ì1
Œ√±fl¡±Ú1 ¬Û1± ‰¬±˝√√ ¤fl¡±À¬Û± ’±øÚ ‡≈1œ ’±˝√◊Ó¬±fl¡ ‡±¬ıÕ˘ ø√À˘º
‡≈1œ ’±˝√◊Ó¬±1 fl¡±ø˝√√Úœ qøÚ¬ıÕ˘ ø¸˝√√“ÀÓ¬ õ∂±À˚˛˝√◊ ¤ÀÚ fl¡À1º
Œ¸À˚˛ ‡≈1œ ’±˝√◊Ó¬±1 ¸Àμ˝√√ ¤Àfl¡± Ú˝√√í˘º ø˚ Ú˝√√›fl¡, ¤Ê√ÀÚ
¤ÀÚ˝√◊ ¸≈øÒÀ˘, ñì‡≈1œ ’±˝√◊Ó¬±, ’±øÊ√ ø¬ÛÀ‰¬ ¬Û≈ª±1 Ê√˘¬Û±ÚÓ¬
øfl¡ ‡±À˘∑ ’±¬Û≈øÚÀÓ¬± ¬ıUÓ¬ øfl¡¬ı±-øfl¡ø¬ı ¬ıÚ±˚˛/î
ì¤˝√√/ øfl¡ fl¡íø¬ı∑ ‡±ª1œ˚˛± ¤·±˘˜±Ú, Œ¸À˚˛ ¬ıÚ±¬ı›
˘±À· Œfl¡¬ı±ø¬ıÀÒ±/ ’±øÊ√ ø¬ÛÀÂ√ 1n∏ȬœÀ˝√√ ¬ıÚ±À˘“±º ŒÓ¬˘ ø√˚˛±
1n∏Ȭœº ¤ÀÚ˝√◊ ˜±ÀÚ fl¡fl¡±À1 ά±˘Î¬± ø√˚˛± 1n∏ȬœÀ˝√√ ˆ¬±˘ ¬Û±˚˛º
øfl¡c Œ·ø©Ü™fl¡1 ø˚ ;±˘±, Œ¸À˚˛ ά±˘Î¬± ‡±¬ıÕ˘ fl¡˜±˝√◊ÀÂ√±º ’í,
fl¡±ø˘ ˜±ÀÚ, Œ˚±ª± 1±øÓ¬1 ˜±—¸› ’˘¬Û ’±øÂ√˘...ííº ’±˝√◊Ó¬±˝√◊
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Ê√±ÀÚ±, ˝√◊˜±Úø‡øÚ Œfl¡±ª±1 ø¬ÛÂ√Ó¬ ’±À¬Û±Ú±À˘±fl¡1 ˜ÚÓ¬
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Ó¬±1 ¤Àfl¡˘À· fl¡±˜ fl¡1± ¸≈ڜӬ±fl¡ ø¬ı˚˛± fl¡1±˝◊√ ø‰¬˜˘±Ó¬ Ô±øfl¡¬ı
˘íÀ˘º Œ√ά◊Ó¬±˝◊√ ¬ı1 Ò≈˜Ò±À˜À1 Ó¬±1 ø¬ı˚˛±‡Ú ¬Û±øÓ¬øÂ√˘º ¬ı˚˛¸1
˘À· ˘À· Œ√ά◊Ó¬±1 Œõ∂‰¬±1, ‰≈¬·±1 ¬ı±øϬˇÀ˘ ’±1n∏ ¤ø√Ú Œ©Ü™±fl¡
Δ˝√√ ø¬ı‰¬Ú±Ó¬ ’±|˚˛ ˘íÀ˘º ‡≈άˇ±˝◊√ ø¬ı‰¬1± Ò1ÀÌ Œ√ά◊Ó¬±˝◊√ ¸•ÛøM√√
ˆ¬±· fl¡ø1 ˘íÀ˘º ¤‡Ú ‚1 ≈√‡Ú fl¡ø1 ‡≈άˇœ Œ˚Ú ˙±øôLÓ¬
74
ά◊˙±˝√√ ˘í¬ı ¬Û±ø1À˘º Œ√ά◊Ó¬±1 ø‰¬øfl¡»¸±, ’±˘Õ¬Û‰¬±Ú ’±ø√Ó¬
˜˝◊√ ’±1n∏ ˜± ¬ı…ô¶ ˝√√í¬ı˘·œ˚˛± ˝√√í˘º fl¡fl¡±˝◊√À√ά◊ ’±À˝√√ øfl¡c
Œfl¡±•Û±Úœ1 ‰¬±fl¡ø11 ¬ı±À¬ı Œ¬ıøÂ√ ø√Ú Ô±øfl¡¬ı ŒÚ±ª±À1º ø√Ú
Œ˚±ª±1 ˘À· ˘À· Œ√ά◊Ó¬±1 ’ª¶ö± Œ¬ıøÂ√À˝√√ Œ¬ı˚˛± ˝√√í¬ı Òø1À˘
’±1n∏ ¤ø√Ú ø¡ZÓ¬œ˚˛ÀȬ± Œ©Ü™±fl¡ Δ˝√√ Œ√ά◊Ó¬±1 ˜‘Ó≈¬… ˝√√í˘º ˜˝◊√
¬ı…ª¸±˚˛ ‰¬˘±¬ı ŒÚ±ª±À1± ¬ı≈ø˘ ˜±À˚˛ ‡≈¬ı ˆ¬±˘√À1 Ê√±øÚøÂ√˘
Œ¸À˚˛ Œ√ά◊Ó¬±1 ˆ¬±·1 ¶ö±ª1 ¸•ÛøM√√À¬ı±1 ˆ¬±Î¬ˇ± ø√øÂ√˘º ˜˝◊√
’±‰¬˘ÀÓ¬ ø¬ı‰¬±ø1øÂ√À˘± ¤øȬ ¸˝√√Ê√-¸1˘ ÊœªÚº ’±Î¬ˇ•§1¬Û”Ì«
Ê√œªÚ Œ˜±fl¡ Ú±˘±À·º Œ˜±1 ˜ÀÓ¬ high thinking fl¡ø1¬ı
ŒÚ±ª±ø1À˘› simple living øÚ(˚˛ fl¡ø1¬ı ¬Û±ø1˜º Œ¸À˚˛
Œfl¡±ÀÚ± Ò1Ì1 Δ¬ı¯∏ø˚˛fl¡ ¬ı±¸Ú± Ú±˝◊√º Ó¬≈√¬Ûø1 ø¬ı˚˛±-¬ı±1n∏ fl¡1±˝◊√
¸±—¸±ø1fl¡ Ê√œªÚ ¤È¬± fl¡È¬±¬ıÕ˘› Œ˜±1 ˝◊√26√± Ú±øÂ√˘º ˜˝◊√
ø¬ı‰¬±ø1øÂ√À˘± ¸1n∏ ¸1n∏ ˘í1±-ŒÂ√±ª±˘œ1 ˜±Ê√ÀÓ¬ øÚÊ√fl¡ ø¬ı˘œÚ
fl¡ø1 ø√¬ıÕ˘º ø¸˝√√“Ó¬1 ¸˜¸…± ’±1n∏ ø¸˝√√“Ó¬1 ¸≈‡-≈√‡1 ˘·Ó¬
¤fl¡±R Δ˝√√ ¬Û1±1º Œ¸À˚˛ ˜˝◊√ ¬Û‘øÔªœ1 Œ|á¬Ó¬˜ Ê√œøªfl¡± ø˙é¬fl¡
Œ˝√√±ª±1 ¸À¬Û±Ú Œ√ø‡ &ª±˝√√±È¬œ1 ¤‡Ú ¬ı…øMê√·Ó¬ ‡G1
ø¬ı√…±˘˚˛Ó¬ ø˙é¬fl¡1 ¬ı±À¬ı ’±À¬ı√Ú fl¡ø1À˘±º Œ˜±1 ø˙鬱·Ó¬
’˝√√«Ó¬± Œ√ø‡ ¶≈®˘‡Ú1 ’Ò…é¬˝◊√ ˘À· ˘À· fl¡±˜Ó¬ Œ˚±·√±Ú
fl¡ø1¬ıÕ˘ ˜±øÓ¬ ¬Ûͬ±À˘º ˜±À˚˛ Œ˜±1 ˝◊√26√±1 ø¬ı1n∏ÀX ÚÕ· ¸ijøÓ¬
Ê√Ú±À˘º ˜±1 ›‰¬1Ó¬ ˜±˘Ó¬œ¬ı±˝◊√fl¡ ΔÔ ˜˝◊√ ’±ø˝√√ &ª±˝√√±È¬œ
¬Û±À˘±º ø˙é¬fl¡Ó¬±1 ¸˜±Ú √±ø˚˛Q fl¡±g ¬Û±øÓ¬ ˘íÀ˘±º ˜ÚÕ˘
’±ø˝√√˘ ëÓ¬±À1 Ê√˜œÚ ¬Û1í Ú±˜1 ø˝√√μœ ø‰¬ÀÚ˜±‡ÚÓ¬ ˜±fl¡-
Œ√ά◊Ó¬±fl¡, ¬ıg≈-¬ı±gª1 ¬Û1± ’ªÀ˝√√ø˘Ó¬ ’Ô‰¬ ø¬ıÀ^±˝√√œ ’±Í¬
¬ıÂ√1œ˚˛± ˜±˜øÚ √±¸1 ˘í1±Ê√Úfl¡ ø˙é¬fl¡ ’±ø˜1 ‡±ÀÚ ˜1˜
’±1n∏ ¸˝√√±Ú≈ˆ¬”øÓ¬À1 Ó¬±1 ˘·Ó¬ ¤fl¡±R Δ˝√√ Ó¬±1 ’鬘Ӭ± ”√1
fl¡ø1øÂ√˘º ˜ÚÀÓ¬ ˙¬ÛÓ¬ ‡±À˘± ’±˜±1 Œ√˙1 ¤˝◊√ ˆ¬øª¯∏…Ó¬
Ú±·ø1fl¡ ø˙q-øfl¡À˙±1¸fl¡˘fl¡ Œ˜±1 ¸±Ò…±Ú≈¸±À1 ˙±1œø1fl¡,
˜±Úø¸fl¡ ά◊»fl¡¯∏« ¸±ÒÚ fl¡ø1¬ıÕ˘ Œ‰¬©Ü± fl¡ø1˜ ’±1n∏ ˜˝◊√ ˆ¬¬ı±Ò1ÀÌ
¶≈®˘‡Ú1 õ∂øÓ¬ÀȬ± fl¡Ô±ÀÓ¬ ˜˝◊√ Ê√øάˇÓ¬ Δ˝√√ ¬Ûø1À˘±º øfl¡c Ê√œªÀÚ
Œfl¡øÓ¬˚˛±› ’±ø˜ ˆ¬¬ı±1 √À1 ¸1˘À1‡±À1 ·øÓ¬ Úfl¡À1º ¸˜À˚˛
fl¡íÕ˘ Œfl¡øÓ¬˚˛±, Œfl¡ÀÚÒ1Ì1 ‡¬ı1 Δ˘ ’±À˝√√ Œfl¡±ÀÚ› ·˜
Ú±¬Û±˚˛º ¶≈®˘1 ·1˜1 ¬ıgÕ˘ ≈√Ȭ±˜±Ú ø√Ú ¬ı±fl¡œº Œ¸˝◊√ Úª˜
Œ|Ìœ1 ˘í1±-ŒÂ√±ª±˘œÀ¬ı±1fl¡ Δ˘ ø‰¬˜˘±, ˜Ú±˘œ, fl≈¡˘≈ ’±ø√Õ˘
Œ˚±ª± øͬfl¡ fl¡ø1øÂ√À˘±º Œ˜±1 fl¡±1ÀÌ ·—·±À1± ˚±S± ’±˝◊√À1±
¬ı±Ó«¬± ˝√√í¬ı, ø‰¬˜˘±1 fl¡fl¡±˝◊√À√ά◊ ÚÀ¬ıÃfl¡ ˘· ¬Û±˜ ˘·ÀÓ¬ ˘í1±-
ŒÂ√±ª±˘œÀ¬ı±11 ¤È¬± ø˙鬱˜”˘fl¡ w˜Ì ˝√√í¬ıº ¬Û‘øÔªœÓ¬ Œ˜±1
Œ|á¬Ó¬˜ ¬ıg≈ ˝√√í˘ fl¡fl¡±˝◊√À√ά◊º ˜˝◊√ øfl¡¬ı± ˆ¬≈˘ fl¡ø1À˘ fl¡fl¡±˝◊√À√Àª
¸√±˚˛ ¸≈Ò1±˝◊√ ø√À˚˛º ’±Ê√œªÚ fl¡fl¡±˝◊√Àά◊1 ˘·Ó¬ ¤Àfl¡‡Ú
‰¬±√1 Ó¬˘ÀÓ¬ Ô±øfl¡˜ ¬ı≈ø˘ ˆ¬±ø¬ıøÂ√À˘± ˚ø√› fl¡Ó«¬¬ı…1 Œ¬ı±Àfl¡±‰¬±Ó¬
ά◊øͬ fl¡fl¡±˝◊√À√ά◊ ø‰¬˜˘± ¬Û±À˘Õ·º øfl¡c Œˆ¬ÃÀ·±ø˘fl¡ ”√1Q˝◊√
’±˜±1 ˜±Ê√Ó¬ Œfl¡±ÀÚ± ¬ı…ªÒ±Ú ’˝√√± Ú±øÂ√˘º ’±ø˜ ¤Àfl¡Î¬±˘
ŒÎ¬±À˘À1 ¬ı±g ‡±˝◊√ ’±øÂ√À˘±º øfl¡c ¤˚˛± ˜˝◊√ øfl¡ qøÚÀ˘±,
Œ˜±1 fl¡±Ì‡Ú øͬÀfl¡ ’±ÀÂ√ÀÓ¬±/ ø‰¬˜˘± ¬Û≈ø˘À‰¬ ‡¬ı1 ø√À˘ ¤È¬±
Œ1±Î¬ ¤ø'Àά∞I◊Ó¬ fl¡fl¡±˝◊√ À√ά◊1 øÔÓ¬±ÀÓ¬ ˜‘Ó≈¬… ˝√√í˘º ˝√√±˚˛
ˆ¬·ª±Ú/ ¤˝◊√ ‡¬ı1 ˜±fl¡ ø√¬ıÕ˘ Œ˜±1 Ê√±ÀÚ± ˙øMê√ ’±ÀÂ√º
ˆ¬·ª±Úfl¡ ˝√√±Ó¬À˚±1 fl¡ø1 fl¡íÀ˘±ñ ˆ¬·ª±Ú ¤ÀÚfl≈¡ª± ≈√–¸—¬ı±√
˚ø√ ø√Â√± ŒÓ¬ÀÚ Ó¬±fl¡ ¸˝√√… fl¡ø1¬ıÕ˘ ˙øMê√ø‡øÚ› ø√˚˛±º ˘À·
˘À· ά◊ø1 Δ·øÂ√À˘± ’±1n∏ ø¬ÛÂ√ø√Ú± fl¡fl¡±˝◊√À√ά◊1 øÚÔ1 Œ√˝√±ÀȬ±
’±øÚ ‚11 Œ‰¬±Ó¬±˘Ó¬ qª±˝◊√ ø√øÂ√À˘±º ˜± ’±1n∏ ÚÀ¬ıÃÀ˚˛ ø˝√√˚˛±
Ϭ±fl≈¡1œ fl¡±øμøÂ√˘ øfl¡c ¬Û‘øÔªœ1 Œfl¡±ÀÚ± ˙øMê√ Ú±˝◊√ fl¡fl¡±˝◊√À√ά◊fl¡
¬Û≈Ú1 Ê√œøªÓ¬ fl¡ø1¬ıÕ˘º 25 ¬ıÂ√1œ˚˛± ·±ˆ¬1n∏ ÚÀ¬ıÃfl¡ ˜±fl¡1
‚1Õ˘ ά◊ˆ¬øÓ¬ ˚±¬ıÕ˘ ˜± ’±1n∏ ˜˝◊√ Δfl¡øÂ√À˘± ˚ø√› ŒÓ¬›“ ˜±øôL
Ú˝√√í˘º øÚÊ√1 ø˙鬱·Ó¬ ’˝√√«Ó¬±À1 ¤È¬± ‰¬±fl¡ø1 ø¬ı‰¬±ø1 Δ˘ ˜±1
˘·ÀÓ¬ Ô±øfl¡˘º ¤ÀÚÕfl¡ õ∂øÓ¬ÀȬ± ø√Ú ˚±¬ıÕ˘ fl¡©Ü ˝√√íÀ˘›
¬ıÂ√À1 ¬ı±·1 ¸˘±˝◊√øÂ√˘º ˜± ’±1n∏ ˜˝◊√ ÚÀ¬ıÃfl¡ ¬Û≈Ú1 ø¬ı˚˛± ø√˜
¬ı≈ø˘ Ó¬À˘ Ó¬À˘ ˆ¬±˘ ˘í1± ø¬ı‰¬±ø1¬ı ˘íÀ˘±º ¬ıUÀÓ¬ Œ˜±fl¡
ÚÀ¬ıÃ1 √±ø˚˛Q ˘í¬ıÕ˘ ά◊¬ÛÀ√˙ ø√øÂ√˘ øfl¡c ˜˝◊√ ¤˝◊√ fl¡Ô±Ó¬
˜±øôL ˝√√í¬ı ŒÚ±ª±À1± øfl¡˚˛ÀÚ± Œ˜±1 ’ôL1Ó¬ fl¡fl¡±˝◊√À√ά◊-ÚÀ¬ıÃfl¡
ø˚ÀȬ± ¸ij±Úœ˚˛ ¶ö±Ú ’±ÀÂ√ Œ¸˚˛± ’˝◊√ÀÚ ¬ı≈øÊ√¬ı ŒÚ±ª±À1º Ó¬≈√¬Ûø1
˜˝◊√ ’ø¬ı¬ı±ø˝√√Ó¬ Δ˝√√ Ôfl¡±1 ø¸X±ôL Œfl¡øÓ¬˚˛±¬ı±˝◊√ Δ˘ÀÂ√±º
¤˝◊√ ø‡øÚÀ˚˛ ˜±Õ˘ Œ˜±1 |X± ˝√√˚˛ øfl¡˚˛ÀÚ± ˜±À˚˛ Œ˜±1
¤˝◊√fl¡Ô±À¬ı±1 ‡≈¬ı ˆ¬±˘√À1 ¬ı≈øÊ√ ¬Û±˚˛º Ê√œªÚ1 ¬¬Û“ø‰¬˙Ȭ± ¬ı¸ôL
¬Û±1 fl¡1± ÚÀ¬ıÃÀ˚˛ ¬ıUÀÓ¬± fl¡±˜Ú±-¬ı±¸Ú±, ’±˙±-’±fl¡±—˙±,
ˆ¬øª¯∏…Ó¬1 ¤øȬ 1„√√œÚ Ê√œªÚ1 fl¡äÚ±, ˜Ú1 ¬Û1± ˜ø‰¬ ø√À˘›
˜±À˚˛ øÚÊ√1 ŒÂ√±ª±˘œ1 √À1 ø¬ı˚˛± ¬Û±øÓ¬ ø√À˘ ŒÓ¬›“À1 ’øÙ¬‰¬Ó¬
fl¡±˜ fl¡1± ¬ıËÀÊ√Ú Œ‰¬ÃÒ≈1œ1 ˘·Ó¬º ¸˜±Ê√Ó¬ ≈√˝◊√-¤Ê√ÀÚ ¬ı≈¬ı≈
¬ı±¬ı± fl¡ø1À˘› ¸fl¡À˘±Àª ˜±1 ά◊√±1Ó¬±fl¡ õ∂˙—¸± fl¡ø1øÂ√˘º ˜±
’±1n∏ Œ˜±1 ’ôL11 ·Ò≈1 Œ¬ı±Ê√±ÀȬ± ¬ıUø‡øÚ ¬Û±Ó¬˘ Δ˝√√ ·í˘º
ŒÚÀ√‡±Ê√Ú1 ›‰¬1Ó¬ Œ˜±1 ˜1˜1 ÚÀ¬ıÃÊ√Úœfl¡ ¸À¬Û±Ú ¬Û”1±¬ıÕ˘
‡±øȬÀ˘“±º ˜±1 ˜≈‡˜G˘Ó¬ ¶§øô¶1 ’±ù´±¸ Œ√ø‡øÂ√À˘±º ÚÀ¬ıÃ1
75
ø¬ı˚˛±1 ¤¬ıÂ√1 ¬Û”1 ŒÚÃ˝√√›“ÀÓ¬˝◊√ ˜±-Œ√ά◊Ó¬± ’±1n∏ √±√±1 ›‰¬1Õ˘
&ø‰¬ ·í˘ Œ˜±fl¡ ’fl¡˘˙1œ˚˛± fl¡ø1º ‚1Õ˘ Œ˚±ª±ÀȬ± Œ˜±1
¤Àfl¡¬ı±À1 fl¡ø˜ ·í˘º ‚1ÀȬ± øfl¡Â≈√ø√Ú ¬ıg fl¡ø1 ΔÔøÂ√À˘± ˚ø√›
ø¬Û‰¬Ó¬ ‡≈άˇ±1 ˘í1±˝√√“Ó¬1 √1fl¡±1 ˝√í√À˘ ¬ı…ª˝√√±1 fl¡ø1¬ı fl¡íÀ˘±º
˜˝◊√ ¶≈®˘‡ÚÓ¬ ’±1n∏ Œ¬ıøÂ√ Ê√øάˇÓ¬ ˝√√í¬ıÕ˘ Òø1À˘±º ˘í1±-
ŒÂ√±ª±˘œÀ¬ı±À1 Œ˜±fl¡ ˆ¬±˘ ¬Û±˝◊√ ˜À˚˛± ø¸˝√√“Ó¬fl¡ ø˚˜±Ú ¬Û±À1±
ø√¬ıÕ˘ ‰¬±›“º ø¸˝√√“ÀÓ¬˝◊√ Œ˜±1 ¸•ÛøM√√º øfl¡c ¬ı…øMê√·Ó¬ ‡G1
ø¬ı√…±˘˚˛À¬ı±1Ó¬ ’±øÔ«fl¡ ø√˙ÀȬ±Ó¬ Œ¬ıÂ√ &1n∏Q ø√À˚˛º ø˚À˝√√Ó≈¬
’±øÊ√-fl¡±ø˘ ¤˝◊√ ÀȬ± ¬ı…ª¸±˚˛ Δ˝√√ ¬Ûø1ÀÂ√ ·øÓ¬Àfl¡ &Ì·Ó¬
ø√˙ÀȬ±Ó¬ &1n∏Q fl¡˜ Œ˝√√±ª± ¶§±ˆ¬±øªfl¡º ¶≈®˘‡ÚÓ¬ ˜˝◊√ ‡≈¬ı fl¡˜
√1˜˝√√± ¬Û±˝◊√øÂ√À˘± ’ªÀ˙… Ó¬±1 fl¡±1ÀÌ Œ˜±1 Œfl¡±ÀÚ± ’±À鬬Û
Ú±øÂ√˘º ˜˝◊√ ¤Ê√Ú ˜±Ú≈˝√ ‰¬ø˘ ˚±˜º ˜±ÀÔ± ø‰¬ôL± ˆ¬øª¯∏…Ó¬Õ˘º
øfl¡c Ó¬±1 ¬ı…ª¶ö±› ˜˝◊√ fl¡ø1 ΔÔÀÂ√±º ¤ÀÚÕfl¡À˚˛ ø√ÚÀ¬ı±1 ˜±˝√√Ó¬,
˜±˝√√À¬ı±1 ¬ıÂ√1Ó¬ ø¬ı˘œÚ Δ˝√√ Δ·øÂ√˘ ’±1n∏ Œ˜±1 Œ√˝√±ÀȬ±› ¬Ûø1
’±ø˝√√øÂ√˘º ¤ø√Ú ¶≈®˘ fl¡Ó‘¬«¬Û鬽◊√ ¤‡Ú ¤Î¬ˇœ‰¬±√1, ¤‡Ú ˙1±˝◊√,
¤‡Ú Ù≈¬˘±˜ ·±À˜±‰¬±1 ˘·Ó¬ øfl¡Â≈√ ’±øÔ«fl¡ ¸±˝√√±˚«…À1 Œ˜±fl¡
’ª¸1 Ê√œªÚÕ˘ ¬Ûøͬ˚˛±˝◊√ ø√À˘º ˜ÚÀȬ± ˆ¬±1±Sê±ôL Δ˝√√ ¬Ûø1˘º
ˆ¬¬ı±˝◊√ Ú±øÂ√À˘± Œ˚ ¤ø√Ú ˜˝◊√ ¶≈®˘‡Ú ¤ø1¬ı ˘±ø·¬ıº ˜ÚÀÓ¬
¤¬ı±1 ˆ¬±ø¬ıÀ˘± fl¡Ó‘¬«¬Ûé¬fl¡ fl¡›“ ¶≈®˘Ó¬ Œfl¡¬ı±È¬±› 1n∏˜ ‡±ø˘ Δ˝√√
¬Ûø1 ’±ÀÂ√ Ó¬±À1 ¤È¬±Ó¬ ˜˝◊√ Ô±øfl¡ ˚±›“, ’Õ¬ıÓ¬øÚfl¡ˆ¬±Àªº ø˚
¬Û±À1± ¸˝√√±˚˛ fl¡ø1 ø√˜º øfl¡c ø¬ÛÂ√˜≈˝√”Ó«¬ÀÓ¬ ˆ¬±ø¬ıÀÂ√± Ú±˝◊√ ¤˝◊√ÀȬ±
’Ú…±˚˛º ˜˝◊√ ¸≈ø¬ıÒ±¬ı±√œ ˝√√í¬ı øÚø¬ı‰¬±À1±º Œ¸À˚˛ øͬfl¡ fl¡ø1À˘±
‚1Õ˘ ά◊ˆ¬øÓ¬ ˚±˜º Ê√œªÚ1 ¬ı±fl¡œ ø√ÚÀfl¡˝◊√Ȭ± ‡≈άˇ±1 ˘í1±,
ˆ¬øÓ¬Ê√±˝√√“Ó¬1 ˘·ÀÓ¬ fl¡È¬±˜º Œ¸À˚˛ ¤ø√Ú &ª±˝√√±È¬œ1 Œ˜±˝√√
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’±ø˝√√ ˆ¬±˘ ˘±ø·ÀÂ√º ¬ıUÓ¬ Ùˬœ ˘±ø·ÀÂ√º ˝◊√˜±Úø√Ú ø¬ÛÂ√Ó¬À˚
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¤Ê√Ú1 fl¡Ô±º ’Ú≈¬Û Œfl¡À1˘±1º ø˚ Œfl¡˝◊√ø√Ú ˜˝◊√ ˘· ¬Û±˝◊√øÂ√À˘±,
ø¸ ¸√±˚˛ ˝√√“±ø˝√√-˜±Ó¬ Ù≈¬øÓ«¬ fl¡ø1 Ôfl¡± ˘í1±º øÚÀÊ√ ‡±À˚˛± ˆ¬±˘
¬Û±˚˛, ¬ıÚ±À˚˛± ˆ¬±˘¬Û±˚˛º Ó¬±1 ˜±È¬Ú ø¬ıø1˚˛±øÚ1 ŒÈ¬©Ü1 fl¡Ô±
˘·1À¬ı±11 ˜≈À‡ ˜≈À‡º ’Ú≈¬Û1 ¤È¬±˝◊√ ø‰¬ôL±, US ‰¬±¬ı ˘±À·º
’øÙ¬‰¬1 fl¡±˜ fl¡ø1 Ôfl¡± õ∂ÀÊ√"√ÀȬ±Ó¬ ø¸˜±Ú ¸≈ø¬ıÒ± ŒÚ±À¬Û±ª±1
fl¡±1ÀÌ ø¸ Œ¬ıÀ˘· ¤È¬± øȬ˜Õ˘ ·í˘º fl¡±˜Ó¬ ’Ú≈¬Û ˚ÀÔ©Ü
ˆ¬±˘ ’±øÂ√˘ ’±1n∏ Ó¬±1 ˜±Ú≈˝√1 ˘·Ó¬ ø˜ø˘ Œ˚±ª± ¶§ˆ¬±ªÀȬ±1
fl¡±1ÀÌ ¸fl¡À˘±Àª Ó¬±fl¡ ˆ¬±˘ ¬Û±˝◊√øÂ√˘º ø√ÀÚ 1±øÓ¬À˚˛ fl¡±˜
fl¡ø1 ø¸ Excellence Award ¬Û±À˘ ’±1n∏ Œ¸±Úfl¡±À˘˝◊√ HIB
Visa › Clear fl¡ø1À˘º ¸fl¡À˘± ¸≈‡œ ˝√√í˘, Ó¬±1 ˜±fl¡-
Œ√ά◊Ó¬±fl¡, Ó¬±1 ˘·Ó¬ ø¬ı˚˛± øͬfl¡ Δ˝√√ Ôfl¡± ¬ı1 ˜1˜ ˘·±
ŒÂ√±ª±˘œ ’‰«¬Ú± ’±1n∏ Ó¬±1 qˆ¬±fl¡±—鬜 ¬ıg≈À¬ı±1º ‚11 ¤È¬±˝◊√
˘í1±º ˜±fl¡-Œ√ά◊Ó¬±Àfl¡ Ó¬±1 ˘·Ó¬ ¬Ûø1˚˛±˘1 ˜”˘ ˜øμ1Õ˘ Δ·
’±˙œ¬ı«±√ ˘íÀ˘º
’Ú≈¬Û1 ˚±¬ıÕ˘ ’±1n∏ Œfl¡˝◊√ ˜±˝√√˜±Ú ¬ı±fl¡œ ’±øÂ√˘º
Œ¸˝◊√Àfl¡˝◊√ø√Ú ¸≈ø¬ıÒ± ¬Û±À˘˝◊√ ¤›“À˘±fl¡ ¬ıg≈Àfl¡˝◊√Ê√Ú ˘· Δ˝√√øÂ√˘,
Ó¬±1 Œ˚±ª±1 fl¡Ô± ¬Û±ÀÓ¬±ÀÓ¬ ¬Û±ÀÓ¬±ÀÓ¬ 1±øÓ¬ ¬Û±1 Δ˝√√ Δ·øÂ√˘º
¤ø√Ú ’±ø˜ ¸fl¡À˘±À¬ı±1 ˘· Δ˝√√, Œ√›¬ı±1 ¤È¬±Ó¬ Úμœ ø˝√√˘Õ˘
Ù≈¬ø1¬ıÕ˘ Δ·øÂ√À˘±º ’±˜±1 ·±Î¬ˇœ‡ÚÓ¬ ’Ú≈¬Û-’‰«¬Ú± ’±1n∏ ’±ø˜
≈√Ȭ±º ¬ı±fl¡œ‡ÚÓ¬ ˘·1 øÓ¬øÚÊ√Ú, fl¡±À1± ø¬ı˚˛± Œ˝√√±ª± Ú±˝◊√ º
Œ¸˝◊√ø√ÚÀȬ±1 fl¡Ô±, ø‰¬flƒ¡ø‰¬fl¡±˝◊√ Ôfl¡± ά◊;˘ ‰¬fl≈¡-˜≈À‡À1 ˝√√“±ø˝√√
˝√√“±ø˝√√ ¬ı±·ø1 ¬Û1± ’Ú≈¬Û-’‰«¬Ú±1 fl¡Ô± Œ˜±1 ¤ÀÚÕfl¡ ˜ÚÕ˘
’±À˝√√ Œ˚Ú fl¡±ø˘À˝√√ ’±ø˜ ˘· ¬Û±˝◊√øÂ√À˘±º øfl¡˜±ÚÀ˚ Œõ≠Ú
ø¸˝√√“Ó¬1/ US Δ˘ Δ· ’˘¬Û øÔfl¡-Ô±fl¡ ˝√√íÀ˘˝◊√ ø¸ ’±Àfl¡Ã
’±ø˝√√¬ı, ˜±˝√√±R…˜øGÓ¬ &1n∏¬ı±˚˛≈1 ˜øμ1Ó¬ ø¸˝√√“Ó¬1 ø¬ı˚˛± ˝√√í¬ı,
’±ø˜ ¸fl¡À˘±À¬ı±1 Ô±øfl¡˜ Œ¸˝◊√ ø¬ı˚˛±Ó¬, ‚”ø1 Δ· ø¸ Œ¬ıÀ˘·
ˆ¬±˘ fl¡À•ÛڜӬ Ê√˝◊√Ú fl¡ø1¬ı, ≈√˝◊√Ȭ± ˝◊√ά◊À1±¬Û È≈¬…1Õ˘ ˚±¬ı...º
Œ¸˝◊√Àfl¡˝◊√ø√ÚÀÓ¬, øfl¡Â≈√˜±Ú ˜≈˝√”Ó«¬Ó¬ Œ˜±1 ’Ú≈ˆ¬ª Δ˝√√øÂ√˘ Œ˚Ú
¤›“À1± ¬ı±ø˝√√1Õ˘ Œ˚±ª±1 ’±˙±ÀȬ± ’˘¬Û Ó¬œ¬ıËÓ¬1 Δ˝√√ÀÂ√º Œ˜±fl¡
Úfl¡íÀ˘› ¬ı≈øÊ√ ¬Û±˝◊√øÂ√À˘±, ˜±Ú≈˝√Ê√ÀÚ øfl¡Â≈√˜±Ú ’—fl¡ ø˜À˘±ª±Ó¬
¬ı…ô¶ Δ˝√√ ¬Ûø1ÀÂ√º ˜À˚˛± ’À¬Û鬱 fl¡ø1øÂ√À˘± Œ¸˝◊√ ¸˜˚˛Õ˘,
Œ˚øÓ¬˚˛± ’±ø˜ ≈√À˚˛± ¤˝◊√ ø¬ı¯∏À˚˛ fl¡Ô± ¬Û±øÓ¬¬ıÕ˘, ˆ¬±˘-Œ¬ı˚˛±
‰¬±ø˘-Ê√±ø1 ‰¬±¬ıÕ˘ ¸±Ê≈√ ˝√√혺
ø√ÚÀ¬ı±1 ¬Û±1Õ˝√√ ’±ø˝√√˘º ¤ø√Ú ’Ú≈À¬Û ¤È¬± ¬Û±È«¬œ ø√À˘º
’±˜±1 ˘·ÀÓ¬, Œ¬ı—·±˘1Ó¬ Ôfl¡± Ó¬±1 ¸•Ûfl«¡œ˚˛ ˆ¬±˝◊√-ˆ¬Úœ1
¬Ûø1˚˛±˘Àfl¡˝◊√Ȭ±, ’‰«¬Ú±1 ¬ı±gªœ Œfl¡˝◊√Ê√Úœ, Ó¬±1 ’±·1 ’øÙ¬‰¬1
¬ıg≈À¬ı±1 ’±1n∏ ø¸ Ôfl¡± ˆ¬±Î¬ˇ±‚11 ˜±ø˘fl¡1 ¬Ûø1˚˛±˘ÀȬ±, ˜≈ͬÀÓ¬
’˘¬Û ˜±Ú≈˝√ ˝√√í˘º ’±ø˜ ’Ú≈¬Ûfl¡ Ù¬1À˜˘ ‰≈¬È¬ ¤ÀÊ√±1 ø√À˘±,
ά◊¬Û˝√√±1 ø˝√√‰¬±À¬Ûº ’±ÚμÀÓ¬ Ó¬±1 ˜≈À‡À1 fl¡Ô±˝◊√ ŒÚ±À˘±ª± Δ˝√√øÂ√˘º
¬ı±fl¡œÀ¬ı±1 Œ˚±ª±1 ø¬ÛÂ√Ó¬ ’±ø˜À¬ı±1 ’±1n∏ ’˘¬Û ¸˜˚˛ ¤Àfl¡˘À·
Ô±øfl¡À˘“±º Œfl¡˝◊√ø√Ú˜±Ú ø¬Û‰¬ÀÓ¬˝◊√ ø¸ ˚±¬ıÕ·º ’±Úμ1 ˜±Ê√ÀÓ¬±
¬ıg≈Àfl¡˝◊√Ê√Ú1 ˜ÚÀ¬ı±1 ’˘¬Û ·Ò”1 Δ˝√√øÂ√˘º ’ôLÀ1À1 qˆ¬fl¡±˜Ú±
Ê√Ú±˝◊√ ’±ø˜ ø¬ı√±˚˛ Δ˘øÂ√À˘±, Œfl¡øÓ¬˚˛±› ˆ¬¬ı±˝◊√ Ú±øÂ√À˘± ¸˜À˚˛
øÚá≈¬1 ˝√√±ÀÓ¬À1 ¤ÀÚÕfl¡À˚˛ fl¡Ô±À¬ı±1 Œ‡ø˘À˜ø˘ fl¡ø1 ø√¬ıº
ø¬ÛÂ√ø√Ú± 1±øÓ¬ ’Ú≈¬Û ’±1n∏ ’‰«¬Ú± ‚1Õ˘ Δ·øÂ√˘º 1±øÓ¬
øÚÀÊ√ ·±Î¬ˇœ ‰¬˘±˝◊√ Œ¬ı—·±˘11 ¬Û1± Œfl¡À1˘± Œ˚±ª±ÀÓ¬± ø¸˝√√“Ó¬1
fl¡±1ÀÌ ¸±Ò±1Ì fl¡Ô± , øfl¡c Œ¸˝◊√ ø√Ú± øfl¡ ˝í√√˘ Œfl¡±ÀÚ›
Ú±Ê√±øÚÀ˘±º ‚1À¬Û±ª±1 ’±À· ’±À· Œ√±fl¡À˜±fl¡±ø˘ ¸˜˚˛Ó¬
˝√√±˝◊√ÀªÓ¬ ¤ø'Àά∞I◊ Δ˝√√ ≈√˝◊√Ȭ± ¤Àfl¡¬ı±À1˝◊√ &øÂ√ ·í˘Õ·/ ‡¬ı1ÀȬ±
Œ¬Û±ª±1 ø¬ÛÂ√Ó¬ ’±˜±1 ¤ÀÚfl≈¡ª± ’ª¶ö± Δ˝√√øÂ√˘ ¬ı≈Ê√±˝◊√ fl¡í¬ıÕ˘
ŒÚ±ª±ø1˜º ¸“‰¬±Õfl¡À˚˛˝◊√ ¤ÀÚfl≈¡ª± ˝√√í˘ÀÚ, øfl¡˚˛ ˝√√í˘ ˆ¬±ø¬ı-ˆ¬±ø¬ı
≈√‡Ó¬ ˆ¬±ø„√√ ¬Ûø1øÂ√À˘“±º Œ˜±Ó¬Õfl¡ ¬ıUÓ¬ Œ¬ıøÂ√Õfl¡ ˝√√Ó¬±˙ Δ˝√√øÂ√˘
Œ˜±1 ˜±Ú≈˝√ Ê√Úº ’ôL1—· ¬ıg≈fl¡ ’±1n∏ Œfl¡øÓ¬˚˛±› Œ√‡±
ŒÚ±¬Û±Àª±1 ≈√‡Ó¬ ¸1n∏ ˘í1±1 √À1 fl¡±øμøÂ√˘º ˘· Δ˝√√ ’±ø˜À¬ı±1
¤ø√Ú ’Ú≈¬Û1 ‚1Õ˘ Δ·øÂ√À˘±º Œ˘±Àfl¡-Œ˘±fl¡±1Ì… Δ˝√√ Ôfl¡±
‚1ÀȬ±Ó¬ õ∂ÀÓ¬…fl¡Ê√Ú ˜±Ú≈˝√ Œ˙±fl¡Ó¬ ά◊Ôø˘ ’±øÂ√√˘º ˜˝◊√ ˜±fl¡-
Œ√ά◊Ó¬±fl¡fl¡ ‰¬±¬ıÕ˘ ¸±˝√√¸ fl¡ø1¬ı ŒÚ±ª±ø1À˘±º ¤ÀÚfl≈¡ª±
˜≈˝√”Ó«¬ÀÓ¬˝◊√ ˜±Ú≈À˝√√ ά◊¬Û˘øt fl¡À1, Ê√œªÚÀȬ± Œ˚ Œfl¡ÀÚfl≈¡ª± ¤È¬±
¸±Ô“1, ’±˜±1 Δ˝√√› ø¸ øfl¡c ’±˜±1 Ú˝√√˚˛º ˜≈˝√”Ó«¬ÀÓ¬˝◊√ ¸˜˚˛
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Δ˝√√ ¬ÛÀ1 ≈√–¸˜˚˛º ’¬Û”1Ìœ˚˛ ˙”Ì…Ó¬±Õ˘ ’±ø˜ ά◊ˆ¬øȬ ’±ø˝√√À˘±º
õ∂±À˚˛˝◊√ Œ˙¯∏1 ¬Û±È¬«œÀȬ±Ó¬ ¤Àfl¡˘À· ά◊ͬ± ٬ȬÀ¬ı±1 ‰¬±˝◊√ ‰¬±˝◊√
˜±Ú≈˝√Ê√Ú1 ¬ı≈fl≈¡‡Ú ·Ò≈1 Δ˝√√ ¬ÛÀ1º Ó¬±1 fl¡Ô±À¬ı±1, ’±˙±À¬ı±11
fl¡Ô± Œ˜±1 Δfl¡ Δfl¡ ’±˜±1 1±øÓ¬À¬ı±1 ¬Û±1 ˝√√˚˛º ¤ÀÚÕfl¡ ¬ıUÓ¬ø√Ú
˘±ø·˘ fl¡Ô±À¬ı±1 ¸˝√√Ê√ˆ¬±Àª ˘í¬ıÕ˘º Δ√ÚøμÚ ¬ı…ô¶Ó¬±, ’øÙ¬‰¬1
fl¡±˜1 ˜±Ê√ÀÓ¬˝◊√ ’±ø˜ Œ˚Ú ÚÓ≈¬ÚÕfl¡ ˜±Ú≈˝√1 ¸•Ûfl«¡1 ·ˆ¬œ1Ó¬±,
õ∂À˚˛±Ê√Úœ˚˛Ó¬±1 fl¡Ô± ¬ı≈øÊ√¬ı Òø1À˘±º
¤˝◊√Àfl¡˝◊√ø√Ú Ê√±Àfl¡ Ê√±Àfl¡ ¬ı1∏¯∏≈Ì ’±ø˝√√ ’±ÀÂ√º ’±øÊ√›
1±øÓ¬¬Û≈ª±À1 ¬Û1±˝◊√ ¬ıÓ¬1ÀȬ± Œ·±˜±º ≈√À˚˛±È¬±˝◊√ ‚11 ¬Û1±˝◊√ ’øÙ¬‰¬1
fl¡±˜ø‡øÚ Œ˙¯∏ fl¡ø1À˘±º ’±À¬ıø˘ ¬ıÓ¬1ÀȬ± ’˘¬Û ˜≈fl¡ø˘ ˝√√í˘º
Œ¬ı˘fl¡øÚ‡ÚÕ˘ ›˘±˝◊√ Œ√ø‡À˘± 1±ô¶±Ó¬ ˘±À˝√√-˘±À˝√√ ·±Î¬ˇœÀ¬ı±1
‰¬ø˘¬ı Òø1ÀÂ√º ˝√ͬ±» ’±À¬ıø˘1 ‰¬±˝√√fl¡±¬Û fl¡1¬ı±Ó¬ ¬ı±ø˝√√1Ó¬ ‡±¬ıÕ˘
˜Ú ·í˘º øfl¡˜±Úø√Ú Œ˚ fl¡Õ˘Àfl¡± Œ˚±ª± Ú±˝◊√º ë¬ı˘±À‰¬±Ú,
’±øÊ√ ’˘¬Û ›˘±˝◊√ ˚±›“ºí ¤›“1 fl¡±¯∏Ó¬ øÔ˚˛Õ˝√√ ˘±À˝√√Õfl¡ fl¡íÀ˘±º
øÚ1Àª ŒÓ¬›“ ˚±˜ ¬ı≈ø˘ ¸ijøÓ¬ ø√À˘º ≈√À˚˛±È¬±˝◊√ Œ‡±Ê√ fl¡±øϬˇ
fl¡±øϬˇ ’±˜±1 øõ∂˚˛ fl¡±ÀÙ¬‡Ú ¬Û±À˘±ø˝√√º ¬ıUÓ¬ø√Ú1 ø¬ÛÂ√Ó¬
fl¡í1˜—·˘±1 ·ø˘À¬ı±À1ø√ ‚”ø1-Ù≈¬ø1 ˜ÚÀȬ± ˜≈fl¡ø˘ Δ˝√√ ¬Ûø1˘º
’±fl¡±˙-¬ıÓ¬±˝√√ ά◊ø1 ά◊øͬÀÂ√ ¤È¬± ˙±ôL-˙œÓ¬˘ ¸≈·gÓ¬º Œ‡±Ê√fl¡Ï¬ˇ±
˜±Ú≈À˝√√ õ∂±˚˛ Ú±À˚˛˝◊√º fl¡±ÀÙ¬ÀȬ± ˜±Ú≈˝√ fl¡˜º ’±˜±1 ˆ¬±˘ ˘·±
ø¬ıÀ˙¯∏ ‰¬íÙ¬±‡ÚÓ¬ ¬ıø˝√√À˘±º ¬ÛøϬˇ Ôfl¡± ø√Ú1¬Û1±˝◊√ ˝◊√ ˚˛±Õ˘
’±ø˝√√ÀÂ√± ’±1n∏ ˝◊√˚˛±1 fl¡øÙ¬, Egg. Sandwich Œ1˝◊√ ’±˜±1
ø√ÚÀ¬ı±1 øfl¡˜±ÚÀ˚ ’±Àªø·fl¡ Δ˝√√ ¬Ûø1øÂ√˘º ’±øÊ√› Œ˚Ú ¬Û≈1øÌ
ˆ¬±˘˘·± ˜≈˝√”Ó«¬À¬ı±À1 ’±˜±fl¡ ŒÊ√±fl¡±ø1 ·í˘º ¤›“ ¸ij≈‡1¬Û1±
ά◊øͬ ’±ø˝√√ Œ˜±1 fl¡±¯∏ÀÓ¬ ¬ıø˝√√˘º ’±˘Ù≈¬À˘ ˝√√±Ó¬‡Ú ¸±ªøȬ
›“ͬӬ ˘·±À˘ ’±1n∏ fl¡íÀ˘ ë‚11¬Û1± ’±À˝√√±Õ· ¬ı˘±ºí ˝◊√˚˛±Ó¬Õfl¡
ˆ¬±˘˘·± fl¡Ô± ’±1n∏ øfl¡ ˝√√í¬ı ¬Û±À1 ¬ı±1n∏/ ˜±-Œ√ά◊Ó¬± ˙±U-
˙U1, ˆ¬±˝◊√-ˆ¬ÚœÀ1 ˆ¬ø1 Ôfl¡± ‚1Àfl¡˝◊√‡Ú Œfl¡øÓ¬˚˛± ¬Û±›“, Œfl¡øÓ¬˚˛±
¬Û±›“ Œ˚Ú ˘±ø·˘º
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ø©Ü™È¬ ˘±˝◊√ȬÀ¬ı±1 Ê√ø˘ ά◊øͬÀÂ√, ¬ı1¯∏≈Ì1 ¬Û±Úœ ¬Û1± 1±ô¶±ÀȬ±
ø‰¬flƒ¡ø˜fl¡±˝◊√ ’±ÀÂ√º ›‰¬11 fl‘¡¯û ˜øμ1ÀȬ±Ó¬ ¸øg˚˛±1 õ∂±Ô«Ú±
’±1y Δ˝√√ÀÂ√º ¤˝◊√ ’¬Û”¬ı« Ê√œªÚÀȬ± ø√˚˛±1 fl¡±1ÀÌ ˆ¬·ª±Ú1
õ∂øÓ¬ fl‘¡Ó¬:Ó¬±Ó¬ ˜ÚÀȬ± ˆ¬ø1 ¬Ûø1˘º Úœ˘± Œ·È¬‡Ú ’±ªø1
Ôfl¡± ¬ı±·±ÚÀˆ¬˘œ˚˛±1√À1 ˜À˚˛± Œ˜±1 ˜±Ú≈˝√ Ê√Ú1 ˝√√“±Ó¬‡Ú
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˜”˘ – ’¶®±1 ª±˝√◊ã1 The Happy Prince
’Ú≈¬ı±√ – ø˜Ó¬±˘œ Ú±1±˚˛øÌ
ÚÓ≈¬Ú ø√~œ, ŒÙ¬±Ú Ú— – 9810892985
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˜”øÓ¬«ÀȬ± øͬ˚˛ Δ˝√√ ’±øÂ√˘º 1±Ê√Àfl¡“±ª1Ê√Ú1 Œ·±ÀȬ˝√◊ ˜”øÓ¬«ÀȬ±
Œ¸±ÀÌÀ1 ¸Ê√± ’±1n∏ ŒÓ¬›“1 ‰¬fl¡≈≈√Ȭ± Úœ˘± ’±1n∏ fl¡“fl¡±˘‡Ú 1„√√±
1ÀPÀ1 ‡ø‰¬Ó¬ Δ˝√√ ’±øÂ√˘º ¸fl¡À˘±Àª ˝√◊˜±Ú ˜”˘…¬ı±Ú ˜øÌ-
˜≈fl¡≈Ó¬±˝√◊ ’±ªø1 Ôfl¡± 1±Ê√Àfl¡“±ª11 ˜”øÓ¬«ÀȬ± Œ√ø‡ ŒÓ¬›“fl¡ ¸≈μ1
’±1n∏ ¸≈‡œ ¬ı≈ø˘À˚˛ Ò±1̱ fl¡ø1 Δ˘øÂ√˘º
ìŒÓ¬±˜±À˘±fl¡ øfl¡˚˛ Œ¸˝√◊ ¸≈‡œ 1±Ê√Àfl¡“±ª1Ê√Ú1 √À1
ŒÚ±À˝√√±ª±∑î ñŒ˚øÓ¬˚˛± ˘í1±À¬ı±À1 fl¡±Àμ ŒÓ¬øÓ¬˚˛± ø¸˝√√“Ó¬1
˜±fl¡˝√√“ÀÓ¬ ¤˝√◊√À1 fl¡˚˛º
≈√‡œÊ√ÀÚ ’±Àfl¡Ã ˜”øÓ¬«ÀȬ±Õ˘ ‰¬±˝√◊ fl¡˚˛, ìŒfl¡±ÀÚ±¬ı± Œ˚
’ôLÓ¬– ¤˝√◊ ¬Û‘øÔªœÓ¬ ¸≈‡œ, Ó¬±Àfl¡ Œ√ø‡ ˜˝√◊ ¸ÀôL±¯∏ ˘±ˆ¬
fl¡À1“±ºî
Œfl¡±ÀÚ±¬ı± ¤øÚ˙± ¤øȬ ¸1n∏ ‰¬1±˝√◊ ’fl¡À˘ ‰¬˝√√1‡Ú1
˜±ÀÊ√À1 Î◊¬ø1 Δ· ’±øÂ√˘º Ó¬±1 ˘·1 ’±ÚÀ¬ı±1 ‰¬1±˝√◊ ŒÓ¬øÓ¬˚˛±
˝√◊øÊ√5Õ˘ &ø‰¬ Δ·ÀÂ√º ì’±øÊ√ øÚ˙±ÀȬ± ˜˝√◊ fl¡íÓ¬ fl¡È¬±¬ı ¬Û±ø1˜∑î
¬ı≈ø˘ ‰¬1±˝√◊ÀȬ±Àª ˆ¬±ø¬ı Ô±Àfl¡“±ÀÓ¬˝√◊ ø¸ ¸≈‡œ 1±Ê√Àfl¡“±ª11 ˜”øÓ¬«ÀȬ±
Œ√‡± ¬Û±À˘º ˜ÚÀÓ¬ ˆ¬±ø¬ıÀ˘, ì’±øÊ√1 øÚ˙±ÀȬ± ˜˝√◊ ˝√◊˚˛±ÀÓ¬
fl¡È¬±¬ı ¬Û±ø1˜º ¤˝√◊ÀȬ± ˚ÀÔ©Ü ›‡, Œ¸À˚˛À˝√√ ˝√◊˚˛±Ó¬ ¬ıU˘ ¬Ûø1˜±ÀÌ
˜≈fl¡ø˘ ¬ıÓ¬±˝√√ Œ¬Û±ª± ˚±¬ıºî
‰¬1±˝√◊ÀȬ± 1±Ê√Àfl¡“±ª11 ˜”øÓ¬«ÀȬ±1 ˆ¬ø1 ≈√‡Ú1 ˜±Ê√ÀÓ¬
Î◊¬ø1 ’±ø˝√√ ¬Ûø1˘ø˝√√º ø¸ 1— ¬Û±˝√◊ ˆ¬±ø¬ıÀ˘, ì¬ı±– ’±øÊ√ Œ˜±1
¤È¬± Œ¸±Ì1 Œ˙±ª± Œ‡±È¬±ø˘ ’±ÀÂ√ºî ¤˝√◊¬ı≈ø˘ ø¸ ˜”1ÀȬ± ¬Û±ø‡
79
≈√‡Ú1 ˜±Ê√Ó¬ &øÊ√ ø√¬ıÕ˘ ˘›“ÀÓ¬ ά±„√√1 ¬Û±Úœ1 ŒÈ¬±¬Û±˘ ¤È¬±
Ó¬±1 ·±Ó¬ ¬Ûø1˘º
›¬Û1Õ˘ ‰¬±˝√◊ ø¸ ’±‰¬ø1Ó¬ Δ˝√√ ˆ¬±ø¬ıÀ˘, ìøfl¡ ’±‰¬ø1Ó¬/
’±fl¡±˙Ó¬ ’fl¡À̱ ά±ª1 Ú±˝√◊, ’Ô‰¬ ¬ı1¯∏≈Ì ¸ø1¬ıÕ˘ ’±1y
fl¡ø1ÀÂ√º ’±Àfl¡Ã ¤ÀȬ±¬Û±˘ ¬Û±Úœ ¬Û1±1 ¬Û±Â√Ó¬ ø¸ ˆ¬±ø¬ıÀ˘,
ìø˚ÀȬ± ˜”øÓ¬«1 Ó¬˘Ó¬ ’±|˚˛ Œ˘±ª±1 ¬Û±Â√ÀÓ¬± ˜”øÓ¬«ÀȬ±Àª Œ˜±fl¡
¬ı1¯∏≈Ì1 ¬Û1± ¸≈1鬱 ø√¬ı ŒÚ±ª±À1 Œ¸˝√◊ÀȬ± ˜”øÓ¬«1 Ó¬˘Ó¬ ˜˝√◊
ÚÔfl¡±˝√◊ Œ|˚˛º ˜˝√◊ ’Ú… Œfl¡±ÀÚ± ͬ±˝√◊À˝√√ ø¬ı‰¬±ø1 Œ˘±ª± ˚≈&Ó¬
˝√√í¬ıºî ¤˝√◊¬ı≈ø˘ ø¸ Î◊¬ø1 ˚±¬ıÕ˘ ø¸X±ôL ˘íÀ˘º Î◊¬ø1 ˚±¬ıÕ˘
Ó¬±1 ≈√¬Û±ø‡ Œ˜˘±1 ˜≈˝√”Ó¬«ÀÓ¬ Ó‘¬Ó¬œ˚˛ ŒÈ¬±¬Û±˘ ¬Û±Úœ Ó¬±1 ·±Ó¬
¬Ûø1˘º ›¬Û1Õ˘ ˜”1 Ó≈¬ø˘ ‰¬±˝√◊ ø¸ ’±‰¬ø1Ó¬ Δ˝√√ ·í˘º
’˝√√/ ¤˚˛± ø¸ øfl¡ Œ√ø‡ÀÂ√∑ ¸≈‡œ 1±Ê√Àfl¡“±ª1Ê√Ú1 ‰¬fl¡≈˚≈ø1
Œ˘±Ó¬Àfl¡À1 Î◊¬¬Ûø‰¬ ¬Ûø1ÀÂ√º ’|n∏fl¡Ì±À¬ı±1 ŒÓ¬›“1 Œ¸±Ì±˘œ
≈√·±À˘À1 Δ¬ı ’±ø˝√√ÀÂ√º 1±Ê√Àfl¡“±ª1Ê√Ú1 ˜≈‡‡Ú ˜±Ê√øÚ˙±1
ŒÊ√±Ú1 Œ¬Û±˝√√1Ó¬ ø‰¬fl¡ø˜fl¡±˝√◊ ‡≈¬ı qªøÚ Œ√‡± Δ˝√√øÂ√˘º ≈√·±À˘À1
Œ˘±Ó¬fl¡ Δ¬ı ’˝√√± 1±Ê√Àfl¡“±ª11Ê√ÚÕ˘ ‰¬1±˝√◊ÀȬ±1 ’ôLÀ1 ˝√√“±˝√√±fl¡±1
fl¡ø1 Î◊¬øͬ˘º
ìÓ≈¬ø˜ Œfl¡±Ú∑î ‰¬1±˝√◊ÀȬ±Àª ¸≈øÒÀ˘º
ì˜À˚˛˝√◊ ¸≈‡œ 1±Ê√Àfl¡“±ª1Ê√Úºî
ìŒÓ¬ÀôL Ó≈¬ø˜ øfl¡˚˛ fl¡±øμÂ√±∑ ŒÓ¬±˜±1 ‰¬fl¡≈À˘±À1 ˜˝√◊ øÓ¬øÓ¬
Δ·ÀÂ√“±ºî
ì˜˝√◊ Œ˚øÓ¬˚˛± Ê√œ˚˛±˝√◊ ’±øÂ√À˘“±, Œ˜±À1± ’±Ú ˜±Ú≈˝√1
√À1 ¤‡Ú ˝√√+√˚˛ ’±øÂ√˘ºî 1±Ê√Àfl¡“±ªÀ1 fl¡í¬ıÕ˘ ’±1y fl¡ø1À˘,
ìøfl¡c ˜˝√◊ Ê√Ú± Ú±øÂ√À˘“±, ‰¬fl¡≈¬Û±Úœ ˜±ÀÚ øfl¡/ ˜˝√◊ ¤ÀÚ ¤fl¡
õ∂±¸±√Ó¬ Ê√œªÚ øÚ¬ı«±˝√√ fl¡ø1øÂ√À˘“± ˚íÓ¬ ≈√‡1 Œfl¡±ÀÚ± ø‰¬Ú-‰¬±¬ı
Ú±øÂ√˘º ø√Ú1 ˆ¬±·Ó¬ ˜˝√◊ ¬ı±ø·‰¬±Ó¬ Œ˜±1 ¬ıi§≈+-¬ı±gª1 ¸íÀÓ¬
Œ‡ø˘øÂ√ À ˘“ ± ’±1n∏ ¸øg˚˛ ± 1 ¸˜˚˛ À Â√ ± ª± ˜˝√ ◊ Ú±ø‰¬-¬ı±ø·
fl¡È¬±˝√◊øÂ√À˘“±º ¤‡Ú õ∂fl¡±G õ∂±‰¬œÀ1 ¬ı±ø·‰¬±‡Ú1 ‰¬±ø1›Ù¬±˘
’±&ø1 ’±øÂ√˘º øfl¡c ˜˝√◊ Ê√Ú± Ú±øÂ√À˘“± õ∂±‰¬œ1‡Ú1 ø¸ÀȬ±
¬Û±À1 øfl¡ ’±øÂ√˘/ Œ¸˝√◊¬ı±À¬ı ¸fl¡À˘±Àª Œ˜±fl¡ ¸≈‡œ 1±Ê√Àfl¡“±ª1
¬ı≈ø˘ ¸À•§±ÒÚ fl¡ø1øÂ√˘º ˜˝√◊ Œ˜±1 ¸1n∏ ¬Û‘øÔªœ‡ÚÀÓ¬ ¸≈‡œ
’±øÂ√À˘“±º ¤øÓ¬˚˛± ˜˝√◊ ˜‘Ó¬ ’±1n∏ ŒÓ¬›“À˘±Àfl¡ Œ˜±fl¡ ˜‘Ó≈¬…1
¬Û±Â√Ó¬ ¤˝√◊ ›‡ ͬ±˝√◊Àά±‡1ÀÓ¬ ¶ö±Ú ø√À˘º ˝√◊˚˛±1¬Û1± ˜˝√◊ Œ˜±1
‰¬˝√√11 ¸fl¡À˘±À¬ı±1 ≈√‡ Œ√‡± ¬Û±›“º ¤øÓ¬˚˛± Œ˜±1 ˝√√+√˚˛‡Ú
˜±ÀÔ“± ¤Àά±‡1 ¸ô¶œ˚˛± Ò±Ó≈¬À1 ·Ï¬ˇ±º Ó¬Ô±ø¬Û Ò±Ó≈¬À1 ·Ï¬ˇ±
˝√√íÀ˘› ≈√‡À¬ı±1 ¤˝√◊ ¸ôL±ø¬ÛÓ¬ ˝√√+√À˚˛ ’Ú≈ˆ¬ª fl¡ø1¬ı ¬Û±À1
’±1n∏ Œ¸˝√◊¬ı±À¬ı ˜˝√◊ fl¡±À챓ºî
ì’˝√/ ‰¬1±˝√◊ÀȬ±Àª øÚÊ√Àfl¡ fl¡í¬ıÕ˘ Òø1À˘, ìŒÓ¬›“
Œ·±ÀȬ˝√◊ÀȬ± Œ¸±Ì1 Ú˝√√˚˛ñ ˜±ÀÔ“± ¬ı±ø˝√√11ø‡øÚÀ˝√√ Œ¸±ÀÌÀ1
¸Ê√±ºî
ì˝√◊˚˛±1¬Û1± øfl¡Â≈√ øÚ˘·1 ¤È¬± ¬ı±È¬1 √“±øÓ¬Ó¬ ¤È¬± ¸1n∏
Ê√≈¬Û≈ø1 ‚1 ’±ÀÂ√ºî 1±Ê√Àfl¡“±ªÀ1 ¬Û≈Ú1 fl¡í¬ıÕ˘ ’±1y fl¡ø1À˘º
ìÊ√≈¬Û≈ø1ÀȬ±1 Œ‡±˘± ø‡øάˇfl¡œÀ1 ¤‡Ú Œ˜Ê√Ó¬ ¤·1±fl¡œ ˜ø˝√√˘±fl¡
˜˝√◊ Œ√‡± ¬Û±˝√◊ÀÂ√“±º Ó¬±˝√◊1 ˜≈‡‡Ú ‡≈¬ı é¬œÌ ’±1n∏ ˝√√±Ó¬≈√‡Ú 1„√√±
’±1n∏ ‡˝√√Ȭ±º Ó¬±˝√◊ 1Ê√±1 õ∂±¸±√Ó¬ ˝√√í¬ı˘·œ˚˛± ¤øȬ Ú‘Ó¬…±Ú≈ᬱÚ1
1±Ìœ1 ¸˝√√À˚±·œ¸fl¡˘1 ¬ı±À¬ı fl¡±À¬Û±1 Δ¬ı ’±ÀÂ√º Ó¬±˝√◊1 Œ¬Û±Ú±øȬ
Œfl¡±Í¬±ÀȬ±1 ¤‰≈¬fl¡1 ø¬ı‰¬Ú±‡ÚÓ¬ ¬Ûø1 fl¡±øμ ’±ÀÂ√º Ó¬±1 ¬ı1
’¸≈‡/ Ó¬±1 ˜±Àfl¡ Ó¬±fl¡ Ú√œ1 ¬Û±Úœ1 ¬ı±ø˝√√À1 ‡±¬ıÕ˘ ’±Ú
¤Àfl¡± ø√¬ı ŒÚ±ª±À1º Œ˝√√1± ¸1n∏ ‰¬1±˝√◊øȬ, Ó≈¬ø˜ Œ˜±1 1„√√±
˜±øÌfl¡ÀȬ± Ó¬±˝√◊1 ›‰¬1Õ˘ Δ˘ ˚±¬ı± ŒÚ∑ ˜˝√◊ Œ˚ ˝√◊˚˛±1¬Û1±
¤À‡±ÀÊ√± ˘1‰¬1 fl¡ø1¬ı ŒÚ±ª±À1“±/î
쌘±1 ˘·1œ˚˛±À¬ı±À1 Œ˜±1 ¬ı±À¬ı ˝√◊øÊ√5Ó¬ ’À¬Û鬱 fl¡ø1
’±ÀÂ√ºî ¸1n∏ ‰¬1±˝√◊øȬÀ˚˛ Δfl¡ Î◊¬øͬ˘º
ì¸1n∏ ‰¬1±˝√◊øȬ, ’í ¸1n∏ ‰¬1±˝√◊øȬî 1±Ê√Àfl¡“±ªÀ1 fl¡í¬ıÕ˘
Òø1À˘, ì’Ú≈¢∂˝√ fl¡ø1 ˜±ÀÔ“± ¤È¬± øÚ˙± Œ˜±1 ˘·Ó¬ fl¡ÀȬ±ª±
’±1n∏ Œ˜±1 ¬ı±À¬ı ¤˝√◊ fl¡±˜ÀȬ± fl¡ø1 ø√˚˛±º fl¡Ì˜±øÚ Œ¬Û±Ú±øȬÀ˚˛
fl¡±øμ ’±ÀÂ√ ’±1n∏ Ó¬±1 ˜±Àfl¡ Ó¬±1 fl¡±Àμ±Ú Œ√ø‡ ¬ı1 fl¡©Ü
¬Û±˝√◊ÀÂ√ºî
¸≈‡œ 1±Ê√Àfl¡“±ª1Ê√Ú1 ˜≈‡‡Ú ≈√‡Ó¬ Œ˜±˘±Ú ¬Ûø1 Œ˚±ª±
Œ√ø‡ ‰¬1±˝√◊øȬ› 1±Ê√Àfl¡“±ª11 ≈√‡Ó¬ ¬Ûø˜ ·í˘º ì’±øÊ√ ˝√◊˚˛±Ó¬
’øÓ¬¬Û±Ó¬ Ê√±1 ¬Ûø1ÀÂ√î ‰¬1±˝√◊øȬÀ˚˛ fl¡í¬ıÕ˘ Òø1À˘, ìÓ¬Ô±ø¬Û›
80
˜˝√◊ ŒÓ¬±˜±1 ˘·Ó¬ ¤øÚ˙±1 ¬ı±À¬ı Ô±øfl¡˜º fl¡±ø˘Õ˘ ˜˝√◊ 1„√√±
˜±øÌfl¡ÀȬ± Δ˘ Ó¬±˝√◊1 ›‰¬1Õ˘ ˚±˜ºî
ìÒÚ…¬ı±√, ¸1n∏ ‰¬1±˝√◊øȬºî 1±Ê√Àfl¡“±ª1Ê√ÀÚ ˙˘±ø·À˘º
:::
‰¬1±˝√◊øȬÀ˚˛ 1±Ê√Àfl¡“±ª11 fl¡“fl¡±˘1¬Û1± Œ¸˝√◊ õ∂ø¸X 1„√√±
˜±øÌfl¡ÀȬ± Δ˘ ‰¬˝√√1‡Ú1 ›¬ÛÀ1À1 Î◊¬ø1 ˚±¬ıÕ˘ Òø1À˘º ø¸
1Ê√±1 õ∂±¸±√1 ›¬ÛÀ1À1 Î◊¬ø1 ˚±›“ÀÓ¬ Ú‘Ó¬…-·œÓ¬1 ÒıøÚ qÚ±
¬Û±À˘º õ∂±¸±√1 ø‡øάˇfl¡œ ¤‡Ú1 ˜≈‡Ó¬ Œõ∂ø˜fl¡1 ¸íÀÓ¬ ¤Ê√Úœ
¸≈μ1œ ˚≈ªÓ¬œfl¡ ø¸ Œ√‡± ¬Û±À˘º ˚≈ªÓ¬œ·1±fl¡œÀ˚˛ Δfl¡ ’±øÂ√˘,
ì’±˙± fl¡À1“±, ’˝√√± ¸5±˝√√Ó¬ ˝√√í¬ı˘·œ˚˛± Ú‘Ó¬…±Ú≈ᬱÚ1 ¬ı±À¬ı Œ˜±1
Œ¬Û±‰¬±fl¡À˚±1 ¸±Ê√≈ Δ˝√√ Î◊¬øͬ¬ıº Œ¸˝√◊ ø˙ø¬ÛÚœÀfl¡˝√◊·1±fl¡œ ¬ı1
Œ˘À˝√√˜ºî
‰¬1±˝√◊øȬ Î◊¬ø1 Î◊¬ø1 Ú√œ‡Ú ¬Û±1 Δ˝√√ ·í˘ ’±1n∏ Î◊¬ø1 Δ·
Ô±øfl¡˘º ’ªÀ˙¯∏Ó¬ ø¸ Œ¸˝√◊ Ê√≈¬Û≈ø1 ‚1ÀȬ± ¬Û±À˘ ’±1n∏ øˆ¬Ó¬1Õ˘
Ê√≈ø˜ ‰¬±À˘º fl¡Ì˜±øÚ Œ¬Û±Ú±øȬ ø¬ı‰¬Ú±‡ÚÀÓ¬ ¬Ûø1 ’±øÂ√˘º Ó¬±1
˜±fl¡Ê√Úœ1 ˝√◊˜±Ú ˆ¬±·1 ˘±ø·øÂ√˘ Œ˚ ŒÈ¬±¬ÛøÚÓ¬ ˘±˘fl¡±˘ Δ˝√√
’±øÂ√˘º ‰¬1±˝√◊øȬ øˆ¬Ó¬1Õ˘ Œ¸±˜±˝√◊ ·í˘ ’±1n∏ Œ¸˝√◊ õ∂ø¸X
1„√√± ˜±øÌfl¡ÀȬ± Œ˜Ê√‡ÚÀÓ¬ ΔÔ ø√À˘º Ó¬±1 ¬Û±Â√Ó¬ ø¸ ø¬ı‰¬Ú±‡Ú1
›‰¬1Õ˘ Δ· Î◊¬ø1 Î◊¬ø1 Œ¬Û±Ú±øȬ1 ˜≈‡‡ÚÓ¬ Ó¬±1 ŒÎ¬Î◊¬fl¡± Œfl¡±¬ı±˝√◊
Œfl¡±¬ı±˝√◊ ¬ıÓ¬±˝√√1 ¬ı± ø√¬ıÕ˘ Òø1À˘º
ì’±¸/ Œ˜±1 ˜≈‡‡Ú ¤øÓ¬˚˛± ’±1n∏ ˝√◊˜±Ú ·1˜ Œ˚Ú ˘·±
Ú±˝√◊º ˜˝√◊ ˘±À˝√√ ˘±À˝√√ ¸≈¶ö ˝√√í¬ıÕ˘ Δ˘ÀÂ√“±ºî ¤˝√◊¬ı≈ø˘ Δfl¡ Œ¬Û±Ú±øȬ
q˝√◊ ¬Ûø1˘º
Ó¬±1¬Û±Â√Ó¬ ‰¬1±˝√◊øȬ ¸≈‡œ 1±Ê√Àfl¡“±ª11 ›‰¬1Õ˘ Î◊¬ø1 Î◊¬ø1
Î◊¬ˆ¬øÓ¬ ’±ø˝√√˘º
ìøfl¡ ’±‰¬ø1Ó¬/îñ ‰¬1±˝√◊øȬÀ˚˛ fl¡íÀ˘, ì˝√◊˚˛±Ó¬ ¤øÓ¬˚˛±
˝√◊˜±Ú Ê√±1, øfl¡c ˜˝√◊ ˚ÀÔ©Ü Î◊¬M√√±¬ÛÀ˝√√ ’Ú≈ˆ¬ª fl¡ø1ÀÂ√“±ºî
ìfl¡±1Ì, Ó≈¬ø˜ ¤È¬± ˆ¬±˘ fl¡±˜ fl¡ø1 ’±ø˝√√Â√±ºî, ¸≈‡œ
1±Ê√Àfl¡“±ªÀ1 fl¡íÀ˘º
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:±Úœ ˜±Ú≈À˝√√ Ó¬±fl¡ Œ√‡± ¬Û±˝√◊ ˜ÚÀÓ¬ ˆ¬±ø¬ıÀ˘, ì¤˚˛± ‡≈¬ı
’·Ó¬±Ú≈·øÓ¬fl¡º ¤ÀÚfl¡≈ª± ‰¬1±˝√◊, ˝√◊˚˛±Ó¬/ ˝√◊˜±Ú Ê√±1Ó¬// ¤˝√◊
fl¡Ô±¯∏±1 ˜˝√◊ øÚ(˚˛ ŒÈ¬±fl¡±¬ı˝√√œÓ¬ È≈¬øfl¡ 1±ø‡¬ı ˘±ø·¬ıºî
ì˜˝√◊ ’±øÊ√ øÚ˙± ˝√◊øÊ√5Õ˘ ˚±˜ºî ‰¬1±˝√◊øȬÀ˚˛ ˆ¬±ø¬ıÀ˘º
Œ˚øÓ¬˚˛± ’±fl¡±˙Ó¬ ŒÊ√±ÀÚ ø˜ø‰¬øfl¡˚˛±À˘ ŒÓ¬øÓ¬˚˛± ‰¬1±˝√◊øȬ
Î◊¬ø1 Δ· 1±Ê√Àfl¡“±ª11 ›‰¬1 ¬Û±À˘Õ·º ì˝√◊øÊ√5Ó¬ ˜˝√◊ ŒÓ¬±˜±1
¬ı±À¬ı øfl¡¬ı± fl¡ø1 ø√¬ı ˘±ø·¬ı ŒÚøfl¡∑î ø¸ 1±Ê√Àfl¡“±ª1fl¡ ¸≈øÒÀ˘º
 ì¸1n∏ ‰¬1±˝√◊ ’í ¸1n∏ ‰¬1±˝√◊î, 1±Ê√Àfl¡“±ª1Ê√ÀÚ fl¡í¬ıÕ˘
Òø1À˘, ì’Ú≈¢∂˝√ fl¡ø1 Ó≈¬ø˜ Œ˜±1 ¸íÀÓ¬ ’±1n∏ ¤øȬ øÚ˙± fl¡È¬±¬ı±
ŒÚ∑î
쌘±1 ˘·1œ˚˛±À¬ı±À1 Œ˜±1 ¬ı±À¬ı ’À¬Û鬱 fl¡ø1 ’±ÀÂ√ºî
‰¬1±˝√◊øȬÀ˚˛ Î◊¬M√√1 ø√À˘º
쉬˝√√1‡Ú1¬Û1± øfl¡Â≈√ øÚ˘·Ó¬ ¤È¬± ‚11 ›¬Û11 ¸1n∏
Œfl¡±Í¬±ø˘ ¤È¬±Ó¬ ˜˝√◊ ¤Ê√Ú Î◊¬øͬ ’˝√√± ŒÎ¬fl¡± ø˘‡fl¡ Œ√‡±
¬Û±˝√◊ÀÂ√“±ºî 1±Ê√Àfl¡“±ªÀ1 fl¡í¬ıÕ˘ Òø1À˘, ìfl¡±·ÀÊ√À1 ¬Ûø1¬Û”Ì«
Δ˝√√ Ôfl¡± ¤‡Ú Œ˜Ê√1 ¸ij≈‡Ó¬ ŒÓ¬›“ ¬ıø˝√√ ’±ÀÂ√º ŒÓ¬›“1 ›‰¬1ÀÓ¬
’±ÀÂ√ Œfl¡˝√◊¬Û±˝√√˜±Ú ˜1ø˝√√ Œ˚±ª± Ù≈¬˘º ŒÓ¬›“ ŒÓ¬›“1 fl¡±ø˝√√ÚœÀȬ±
ø˘ø‡ Œ˙¯∏ fl¡ø1¬ıÕ˘ Œ‰¬©Ü± fl¡ø1 ’±ÀÂ√º øfl¡c ŒÓ¬›“fl¡ Ê√±À1
Œ˝√√“‰¬± ˜±ø1 Ò1± ¬ı±À¬ı ŒÓ¬›“ fl¡˘˜ Ó≈¬ø˘ ˘í¬ıÕ˘ ¬ı…Ô« Δ˝√√ÀÂ√º
ŒÓ¬›“1 Œfl¡±Í¬±ø˘Ó¬ Ê√±1 øÚ¬ı±1Ì fl¡ø1¬ı ¬Û1±Õfl¡ Ê√≈˝√◊ ¤fl¡≈1±›
;˘±˝√◊ ŒÔ±ª± Ú±˝√◊º ŒÓ¬›“ Œˆ¬±fl¡±Ó≈¬1 ’±1n∏ ≈√¬ı«˘ºî
ì˜˝√◊ ŒÓ¬±˜±1 ¸íÀÓ¬ ’±1n∏ ¤È¬± øÚ˙± ¬Û±1 fl¡ø1˜ºî,
‰¬1±˝√◊øȬÀ˚˛ fl¡íÀ˘, ìŒÓ¬›“1 ¬ı±À¬ı ˜˝√◊ øfl¡ Δ˘ ˚±¬ı ˘±ø·¬ı∑î
ìŒÓ¬›“1 ¬ı±À¬ı Œ˜±1 ¤È¬± ‰¬fl¡≈ Δ˘ Œ˚±ª±ºî, 1±Ê√Àfl¡“±ªÀ1
fl¡íÀ˘, 쌸˝√◊ ≈√Ȭ± ˆ¬±1Ó¬¬ı¯∏«1¬Û1± ’Ú± Ò≈Úœ˚˛± Úœ˘± 1ÀPÀ1
¸ÀÊ√±ª± Δ˝√√ÀÂ√º ŒÎ¬fl¡± ˜±Ú≈˝√Ê√ÀÚ Œ¸˝√◊ÀȬ± ø¬ıSêœ fl¡ø1¬ı ¬Û±ø1¬ı
’±1n∏ øÚÊ√1¬ı±À¬ı õ∂À˚˛±Ê√Úœ˚˛ ‡±√… ’±1n∏ fl¡±Í¬ øfl¡øÚ¬ı ¬Û±ø1¬ıº
˘·ÀÓ¬ ŒÓ¬›“1 fl¡±ø˝√√ÚœÀȬ±› Œ˙¯∏ fl¡ø1¬ı ¬Û±ø1¬ıºî
ìŒÓ¬±˜±1 ‰¬fl¡≈ Î◊¬ø˘˚˛±˝√◊ øÚ˜∑î ‰¬1±˝√◊øȬÀ˚˛ ø‰¬¤ûø1 Î◊¬øͬ˘º
ì˜1˜1 1±Ê√Àfl¡“±ª1, ˜˝√◊ Œ¸˝√◊ fl¡±˜ fl¡ø1¬ı ŒÚ±ª±ø1˜ºî ¬ı≈ø˘
Ufl¡Ufl¡±˝√◊ ø¸ fl¡±øμ¬ıÕ˘ Òø1À˘º
ìÓ¬±Àfl¡˝√◊ fl¡1±ºî 1±Ê√Àfl¡“±ªÀ1 fl¡íÀ˘º
1±Ê√Àfl¡“±ªÀ1 Œfl¡±ª±1 √À1 ‰¬1±˝√◊øȬÀ˚˛ ŒÓ¬›“1 ¤È¬± ‰¬fl¡≈
Î◊¬ø˘˚˛±˝√◊ Δ˘ Î◊¬ø1 Î◊¬ø1 Δ· Œ¸˝√◊ ˜±Ú≈˝√ Ê√Ú1 Œfl¡±Í¬±ø˘ÀȬ±
¬Û±À˘Õ·º ˜±Ú≈˝√Ê√Ú1 Œfl¡±Í¬±ø˘ÀȬ±Õ˘ Œ¸±˜±˝√◊ Œ˚±ª±ÀȬ± ‰¬1±˝√◊øȬ1
¬ı±À¬ı ¬ı1 ¸˝√√Ê√ ’±øÂ√˘, fl¡±1Ì ŒÓ¬›“1 ‚11 ‰¬±˘‡ÚÓ¬ ¤È¬±
Ù≈¬È¬± ’±øÂ√˘º ˜±Ú≈˝√Ê√ÀÚ ˜”À1-fl¡¬Û±À˘ ˝√√±Ó¬ ø√ ¬ıø˝√√ ˆ¬±¬ıÚ±Ó¬
˜¢ü Δ˝√√ ’±øÂ√˘ ¬ı±À¬ı ‰¬1±˝√◊øȬ1 ŒÎ¬Î◊¬fl¡±1 Ϭ¬ÛϬ¬ÛøÚ qÚ± Ú±¬Û±À˘º
Œ˚øÓ¬˚˛± ŒÓ¬›“ ˜”1 Ó≈¬ø˘ ‰¬±À˘ ŒÓ¬›“1 Œfl¡±Í¬±ø˘1 ˜1ø˝√√ Œ˚±ª±
Ù≈¬˘Àfl¡˝√◊¬Û±˝√√1 ›¬Û1ÀÓ¬ Œ¸˝√◊ Ò≈Úœ˚˛± Úœ˘± 1PÀȬ± Œ√‡± ¬Û±À˘º
ìŒfl¡±ÀÚ±¬ı±˝√◊ øÚ(˚˛ Œ˜±1 fl¡±ø˝√√ÚœÀȬ± ˆ¬±˘ ¬Û±˝√◊ÀÂ√ºî
ŒÓ¬›“ ’±ÚμÓ¬ fl¡±øμ Î◊¬øͬ˘, ìø˚À˚˛ Œ˜±1 fl¡±ø˝√√ÚœÀȬ± ¬ÛøϬˇÀÂ√
¤˚˛± øÚ(˚˛ ŒÓ¬›“1¬Û1± Œ¬Û±ª± ¤fl¡ Î◊¬¬Û˝√√±1º ¤øÓ¬˚˛± ˜˝√◊ Œ˜±1
fl¡±ø˝√√ÚœÀȬ± Œ˙¯∏ fl¡ø1¬ı ¬Û±ø1˜ºî
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ø¬ÛÂ√ø√Ú±‡Ú ‰¬1±øȬÀ˚˛ Î◊¬ø1 Ú√œ‡ÚÕ˘ Ú±ø˜ ’±ø˝√√˘º ø¸
81
Ú±ø¬ıfl¡¸fl¡˘fl¡ Ê√±˝√√±Ê√Ó¬ fl¡±˜ fl¡ø1 Ôfl¡± Œ√‡± ¬Û±À˘º ì˜˝√◊
˝√◊øÊ√5Õ˘ Δ· ’±ÀÂ√“±ºî ¬ı≈ø˘ ø¸ fl¡±øμ¬ıÕ˘ Òø1À˘ ˚ø√›
Œfl¡±ÀÚ› Ó¬±1Ù¬±À˘ fl¡±Ì øÚø√À˘º
Œ˚øÓ¬˚˛± ŒÊ√±Ú ›˘±˘ ŒÓ¬øÓ¬˚˛± ø¸ ¸≈‡œ 1±Ê√Àfl¡“±ª11
›‰¬1Õ˘ Î◊¬ˆ¬øÓ¬ Δ· fl¡íÀ˘, ì˜˝√◊ ŒÓ¬±˜±fl¡ ø¬ı√±˚˛ Ê√Ú±¬ıÕ˘
’±ø˝√√À˘“±ºî
ì¸1n∏ ‰¬1±˝√◊, ’í ¸1n∏ ‰¬1±˝√◊î 1±Ê√Àfl¡“±ªÀ1 fl¡íÀ˘, ì’Ú≈¢∂˝√
fl¡ø1 ’±1n∏ ¤È¬± øÚ˙± Ó≈¬ø˜ Œ˜±1 ˘·Ó¬ fl¡È¬±¬ı± ŒÚ∑î
ì¤˚˛± ˙œÓ¬fl¡±˘ ’±1n∏ Œ¸±Úfl¡±À˘ ˝√◊˚˛±Ó¬ Ó≈¬¯∏±1¬Û±ÀÓ¬±
˝√√í¬ıºî ‰¬1±˝√◊øȬÀ˚˛ fl¡íÀ˘, ì˝√◊øÊ√5Ó¬ ¤øÓ¬˚˛± 1í√Ê√±fl¡ ˆ¬±˘ ’±1n∏
Ó¬±Ó¬ ·Â√À¬ı±À1± Œ¸Î◊¬Ê√œ˚˛± Δ˝√√ ’±ÀÂ√º ˜1˜1 1±Ê√Àfl¡“±ª1, ˜˝√◊
¤øÓ¬˚˛± ŒÓ¬±˜±fl¡ ¤ø1 ˚±¬ı˝√◊ ˘±ø·¬ıº øfl¡c ˜˝√◊ fl¡±˝√√±øÚ› ŒÓ¬±˜±fl¡
Ú±¬Û±˝√√À1“±ºî
ì˝√◊˚˛±1 ¬Û1± ’fl¡Ì˜±Ú ’“±Ó¬1Ó¬ ¤Ê√Úœ ŒÂ√±ª±˘œ øÔ˚˛ Δ˝√√
’±ÀÂ√º Ó¬±˝√◊ fl¡Ìœ ø¬ıSêœ fl¡ø1 ’±ÀÂ√º Ó¬±˝√◊ ø¬ıSêœ fl¡ø1¬ıÕ˘ ’Ú±
fl¡ÌœÀ¬ı±11 ’±È¬±˝√◊Àfl¡˝√◊Ȭ± ˜±øȬӬ ¬Ûø1 ˆ¬±ø· ·í˘º Œ¸À˚˛ ‚1Õ˘
øÚ¬ıÕ˘ Ó¬±˝√◊1 ˝√√±Ó¬Ó¬ Ȭfl¡±-ø˙øfl¡ ¤Àfl¡± Ú±˝√◊º ‚1Õ˘ ¸≈√± ˝√√±ÀÓ¬
Î◊¬ˆ¬øÓ¬ ·íÀ˘ Ó¬±˝√◊1 ¬ı±À¬ÛÀfl¡ Ó¬±˝√◊fl¡ ¤‰¬±ø1À1 Œfl¡±¬ı±¬ıº ’í
¸1n∏ ‰¬1±˝√◊, Œ˜±1 ’±ÚÀȬ± ‰¬fl¡≈› Î◊¬ø˘˚˛±˝√◊ Δ˘ Δ· Œ¸˝√◊ÀȬ±
Ó¬±˝√◊fl¡ ø√ ’±˝√√±Õ·ºî
ì˜˝√◊ ŒÓ¬±˜±1 ¸íÀÓ¬ ’±1n∏ ¤È¬± øÚ˙± fl¡È¬±˜ ¬ı±1n∏/î ¸1n∏
‰¬1±˝√◊øȬÀ˚˛ fl¡íÀ˘, ìøfl¡c ˜˝√◊ ŒÓ¬±˜±1 ’±ÚÀȬ± ‰¬fl¡≈ Î◊¬ø˘˚˛±˝√◊
øÚ¬ı ŒÚ±ª±À1“±º ˚ø√ Œ¸˚˛± fl¡À1“± Ó≈¬ø˜ Œ√À‡±Ú ŒÚÀ√‡± Δ˝√√
˚±¬ı±/î
ìÓ¬±Àfl¡˝√◊ fl¡1±ºî, 1±Ê√Àfl¡“±ªÀ1 fl¡íÀ˘º
‰¬1±˝√◊øȬÀ˚˛ 1±Ê√Àfl¡“±ª11 ’±ÚÀȬ± ‰¬fl¡≈ Î◊¬ø˘˚˛±˝√◊ Œ¸˝√◊ÀȬ±
Δ˘ ŒÂ√±ª±˘œÊ√Úœ1 ›‰¬1Õ˘ Î◊¬ø1 ·í˘ ’±1n∏ Ó¬±˝√◊1 ˝√√±Ó¬Ó¬ Œ¸˝√◊
Úœ˘± 1PøȬ &øÊ√ ø√À˘º
ì’±¸/, ¤˚˛± ¤Àά±‡1 Ò≈Úœ˚˛± fl¡“±‰¬/î ŒÂ√±ª±˘œÊ√Úœ
’±ÚμÓ¬ fl¡±øμ Î◊¬øͬ˘ ’±1n∏ Ó¬±˝√◊ ˝√√“±ø˝√√˜≈À‡ ‚1Õ˘ ˘1 ˜±ø1À˘º
Ó¬±1¬Û±Â√Ó¬ ‰¬1±˝√◊øȬ 1±Ê√Àfl¡“±ª11 ›‰¬1Õ˘ Î◊¬ˆ¬øÓ¬ ’±ø˝√√˘º
ìÓ≈¬ø˜ ¤øÓ¬˚˛± ¤Àfl¡± ŒÚÀ√‡± Δ˝√√ ·í˘±º ·øÓ¬Àfl¡
¤øÓ¬˚˛±1¬Û1± ˜˝√◊ ŒÓ¬±˜±1 ˘·ÀÓ¬ Ô±øfl¡˜ºî ‰¬1±˝√◊øȬÀ˚˛
1±Ê√Àfl¡“±ª1fl¡ fl¡íÀ˘º
ìÚ±˝√◊ Ú±˝√◊î ’ø¶ö1 fl¡ÀFÀ1 1±Ê√Àfl¡“±ªÀ1 fl¡íÀ˘, ìÓ≈¬ø˜
˝√◊øÊ√5Õ˘ Œ˚±ª± Î◊¬ø‰¬Ó¬ºî
ì˜˝√◊ ŒÓ¬±˜±1 ˘·ÀÓ¬˝√◊ Ô±øfl¡˜ºî ¬Û≈Ú1 ¤˝√◊ √À1 Δfl¡ ‰¬1±˝√ø◊ Ȭ
1±Ê√Àfl¡“±ª11 ˆ¬ø11 ›‰¬1ÀÓ¬ q˝√◊ Ô±øfl¡˘º
ø¬ÛÂ√ø√Ú± ‰¬1±˝√◊øȬ 1±Ê√Àfl¡“±ª11 ˘·Ó¬ Ô±øfl¡˘ ’±1n∏ ø¸
wø˜ Ù≈¬1± ø¬ıøˆ¬iß Í¬±˝√◊1 Ú±Ú± Ó¬1˝√√1 ø¬ı¶ú˚˛Ê√Úfl¡ ’±1n∏ ¸≈μ1
fl¡±ø˝√√Úœ øfl¡Â≈√˜±Ú ŒÓ¬›“fl¡ Δfl¡ qÚ±À˘º
ì˜1˜1 ¸1n∏ ‰¬1±˝√◊øȬ, Ó≈¬ø˜ Œ˜±fl¡ øfl¡Â≈√˜±Ú ø¬ı¶ú˚˛Ê√Úfl¡
’±1n∏ ¸≈μ1 fl¡Ô± Δfl¡ qÚ±˘±ºî 1±Ê√Àfl¡“±ªÀ1 fl¡íÀ˘, ìøfl¡c
¬Û≈1n∏¯∏ ’±1n∏ ˜ø˝√√˘±1 ˚±Ó¬Ú±, ¬ÛœÎ¬ˇ± ’±Ú ø˚Àfl¡±ÀÚ± fl¡Ô±Ó¬Õfl¡
Œ¬ıøÂ√ ’±(±˚«Ê√Úfl¡º Œ˜±1 ‰¬˝√√1‡Ú1 ›¬ÛÀ1À1 Î◊¬ø1 Î◊¬ø1
¤¬Û±fl¡ ‚”ø1 ’±˝√√±, ¸1n∏ ‰¬1±˝√◊º Ó≈¬ø˜ fl¡íÓ¬ øfl¡ øfl¡ Œ√ø‡˘±
Œ˜±fl¡ ’±ø˝√√ fl¡í¬ı±ø˝√√ºî
’fl¡Ì˜±øÚ Ê√œªÀȬ±Àª Œ·±ÀȬ˝√◊ ‰¬˝√√1‡Ú Î◊¬ø1 Ù≈¬ø1¬ıÕ˘
Òø1À˘º ø¸ Œ√ø‡À˘ Œ˚ ‰¬˝√√fl¡œ ˜±Ú≈˝√À¬ı±À1 ø¸˝√√“Ó¬1 Ò≈Úœ˚˛±
‚1À¬ı±1Ó¬ Œ‡±ª±-Œ¬ı±ª± fl¡ø1 ’±ÀÂ√ ’±1n∏ ≈√‡œ˚˛±À¬ı±À1
Ê√¬ÛÚ±˜≈‡ÀÓ¬ ¬ıø˝√√ ’±ÀÂ√º ø¸ ¤È¬± ’±g±1 ¬ÛÔÕ˘ Î◊¬ø1 ·í˘º
Ó¬±Ó¬ ø¸ Œˆ¬±fl¡Ó¬ Œ˙“Ó¬± ¬Ûø1 Œ˚±ª± ˜≈À‡À1 ø¬ı˜¯∏« Ú˚˛ÀÚ Ôfl¡±
≈√øȬ ø˙q Œ√‡± ¬Û±À˘º ¤‡Ú √˘„√√1 Ó¬˘Ó¬ ø˙q ≈√øȬÀ˚˛
Ê√±11¬Û1± 1鬱 ¬Û±¬ı1 ¬ı±À¬ı ˝√◊ÀȬ±Àª ø¸ÀȬ±fl¡ ¸±ªøÓ¬ Òø1 ¬Ûø1
’±øÂ√˘º
ì’±˜±1 ‡≈¬ı Œˆ¬±fl¡ ˘±ø·ÀÂ√ºî ø˙q ≈√øȬÀ˚˛ Δfl¡øÂ√˘º
ìÓ¬˝√√“Ó¬ ˝√◊˚˛±Ó¬ ¬Ûø1 Ô±øfl¡¬ı ŒÚ±ª±1ºî ¬Û˝√√1±√±1Ê√ÀÚ
ø‰¬¤ûø1 Î◊¬øͬøÂ√˘º
Ó¬±1¬Û±Â√Ó¬ ‰¬1±˝√◊øȬ Î◊¬ø1 Δ· 1±Ê√Àfl¡“±ª1Ê√Úfl¡ ¸fl¡À˘±
ø¬ıªø1 fl¡íÀ˘º
쌘±1 Œ·±ÀȬ˝√◊ Œ√˝√ÀȬ± øÚˆ¬“±Ê√ Œ¸±ÀÌ ’±ªø1 ’±ÀÂ√ºî
1±Ê√Àfl¡“±ªÀ1 fl¡íÀ˘, ì˝√◊˚˛±1 ¬Û1±˝√◊ ŒÎ¬±‡1 ŒÎ¬±‡1Õfl¡ Œ¸±Ì Δ˘
Œ˚±ª± ’±1n∏ Œ˜±1 ‰¬˝√√11 ≈√‡œ˚˛± ˜±Ú≈˝√À¬ı±1fl¡ ø¬ı˘±˝√◊ ø√˚˛±Õ·ºî
‰¬1±˝√◊ÀȬ±Àª Œ˚øÓ¬˚˛±Õ˘Àfl¡ ¸≈‡œ 1±Ê√Àfl¡“±ª1Ê√Ú Œ√ø‡¬ıÕ˘
Ò”¯∏1 ’±1n∏ ’±¬Û‰≈¬ Ú˝√√í˘ ŒÓ¬øÓ¬˚˛±Õ˘Àfl¡ Ȭ±øÚ È¬±øÚ Œ¸±ÌÀ¬ı±1
ŒÓ¬›“1 ·±1¬Û1± ¤1n∏ª±˝√◊ Œ¬Û˘±À˘ ’±1n∏ Œ¸±ÌÀ¬ı±1 Δ˘ Δ·
≈√‡œ˚˛± ˜±Ú≈˝√À¬ı±1fl¡ ø√À˘º Œˆ¬±fl¡±Ó≈¬1 ø˙qÀfl¡˝√◊Ȭ±À1± ˜≈‡Àfl¡˝√◊‡Ú
Î◊¬Ê√ø˘ Î◊¬øͬ˘º ø¸˝√√“ÀÓ¬ fl¡±øμ Œ¬Û˘±À˘, ì¤øÓ¬˚˛± ’±ø˜ ‡±¬ıÕ˘
‡±√… ¬Û±˜ºî
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˘±À˝√ √ ˘±À˝√ √ Ó≈ ¬ ¯∏ ± 1¬Û±Ó¬ ˝√ √ í ¬ıÕ˘ ’±1y fl¡ø1À˘º
Ó≈¬¯∏±1¬Û±Ó¬1 ¬Û±Â√ÀÓ¬ ¬ı1ÀÙ¬± ¬Ûø1¬ıÕ˘ Òø1À˘ ’±1n∏ ˙œÓ¬1
õ∂Àfl¡±¬ÛÓ¬ ¬ı1Ù¬À¬ı±1 ‚11 ‰¬±˘1¬Û1± ά±Í¬Õfl¡ ›˘ø˜ Ô±øfl¡¬ıÕ˘
Òø1À˘º ¸fl¡À˘±Àª ά±Í¬ ά±Í¬ Œfl¡±È¬À‰¬±˘± ø¬Ûøg¬ıÕ˘ ˘íÀ˘º
¸1n∏ ‰¬1±˝√◊øȬ1 Œ¬ıøÂ√Õfl¡ Ê√±1 ˘±ø· ’±ø˝√√¬ıÕ˘ Òø1À˘º ø¸
1±Ê√Àfl¡“±ª1Ê√Úfl¡ ¤ø1 ΔÔ Ú·í˘, fl¡±1Ì ø¸ ŒÓ¬›“fl¡ ‡≈¬ı ˆ¬±˘
¬Û±˚˛º øfl¡c ŒÍ¬“È≈¬Õª ˘·± Ê√±11 õ∂Àfl¡±¬ÛÓ¬ ø¸ ¤øÓ¬˚˛± ˜‘Ó≈¬…˜≈‡œ
˚±Sœº
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ìø¬ı√±˚˛, ˜1˜1 1±Ê√Àfl¡“±ª1/ ŒÓ¬±˜±fl¡ ˜˝√◊ ¤È¬± ‰≈¬˜± ‡±¬ı
¬Û±À1“± ŒÚ∑î ‰¬1±˝√◊øȬÀ˚˛ fl¡íÀ˘º
ì˜˝√◊ ’±ÚøμÓ¬ Δ˝√√ÀÂ√“± Œ˚ Ó≈¬ø˜ ˝√◊øÊ√5Õ˘ ˚±¬ıÕ˘
›˘±˝√◊Â√±ºî 1±Ê√Àfl¡“±ªÀ1 fl¡íÀ˘, ìÓ≈¬ø˜ Œ˜±1 ˘·Ó¬ Œ¬ıÂ√ øfl¡Â≈√ø√Ú
Ô±øfl¡˘±º Ó≈¬ø˜ Œ˜±fl¡ ‰≈¬˜± Œ‡±ª±, fl¡±1Ì ˜˝√◊ ŒÓ¬±˜±fl¡ ˆ¬±˘
¬Û±›“ºî
ì˜˝√◊ ˝√◊øÊ√5Õ˘ Ú˝√√˚˛, øÚ˚˛øÓ¬1 ‚1Õ˘À˝√√ ˚±¬ıÕ˘
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fl≈“¡ª˘œ1 Â√˚˛±˜˚˛± Œ‡˘1 ˜±Ê√Ó¬
¬Ûø1 1˚˛ ¤¬Û±˝√√ qfl≈¡˘± Œ˝√√¬Û±˝√√/
ά◊˙±˝√√1 øˆ¬Ó¬1ÀÓ¬± ¤‡Ú ¬ÛÔ±1 Ô±Àfl¡,
Œ√˝√ ± ¬Û≈ø1 fl“¡øͬ˚˛± ø¸“‰¬±
Œ1±ªÚœ¸fl¡À˘ Ê√±ÀÚ
fl¡U“ª±1 “√±Ó¬ øfl¡√À1 øÊ1±¬ı ¬Û±ø1
’±Ó¬1±¬ı ¬Û±ø1 øfl¡√À1
‡±˘œ Œ¬ÛÓ¬1 Œ¬ı√Ú±º
Œˆ¬±fl¡±Ó≈¬1 fl¡FÀ¬ı±À1
‚11 ¬Û”√ø˘Ó¬ Δ1 fl¡±Àμ
¤fl“¡±ø˝√√ qfl¡±Ú Ó‘¬ø51 ˆ¬±Ó¬1 ¬ı±À¬ı
fl¡±Àμ ¬ı±Ú¬Û±ÚœÓ¬ ά◊øȬ Œ˚±ª±
‡œ1Ó¬œ ·±˝◊√ Ê√Úœ1 ¬ı±À¬ıº
øfl¡c ˙1ÀÓ¬ ¸fl¡À˘± Ê√±ÀÚ
qfl≈¡˘± ¬ÛÔ±1 ¤‡Ú ˆ¬1±˝◊√ Œ¬Û˘±˚˛
¸±ª˘œ˘ ΔÚ‡Ú1 ¬ı≈fl≈¡ Ê≈√1±˝◊√
¤‰¬±øȬ ¬ı·± ¬ıÓ¬±˝√√ Œ¬ı±ª±˚˛
’±1n∏
˘±À˝√√ ˘±À˝√√
¬ı≈fl≈¡À¬ı±1 ·ˆ¬œ1 Δ˝√√ ’±À˝√√
fl¡Uª±À¬ı±À1 Œfl¡±˘±˝√√˘ø‡øÚ ˙±ôL fl¡À1º
88
ŒÂ√Àfl¡`¬ Œ˝√√μ ‰¬fl¡œ
˝◊√ μ≈fl¡ä ˙˝◊√ fl¡œ˚˛±, fl¡˘fl¡±Ó¬±
ŒÙ¬±Ú Ú— – 9840943308
’±‡11 ÿÀ˘À1 &øͬ¬ı ‡≈øÊ√ÀÂ√±,
ˆ¬±ªÚ±1 ˜±ø1À1 ŒÊ√±‡ Δ˘
˝√√+√˚˛fl¡ Î◊¬¬Û˝√√±1 ø√¬ı ¬Û1±
¤øȬ Î◊¬˜±˘ ‰≈¬ÀªÈ¬±1...º
’øˆ¬˜±ÚÓ¬ Î◊¬¬Ûø‰¬ Ôfl¡±
Œfl¡Î◊¬‡Ú ‰¬fl¡œÀ˚˛ Œ˜±Õ˘Àfl¡ ‰¬±˝√◊ ’±ÀÂ√
’±1n∏ ˝√◊øÓ¬øfl¡— fl¡ø1 ˝√√“±ø˝√√À‰¬
Œ˜±1 Ú¬Û≈—¸fl¡ ˜·Ê√≈1 ’鬘Ӭ±fl¡º
’±‰¬˘ÀÓ¬ ø¸˝√√“Ó¬1 ‡—,
ÚÓ≈¬ÚÕfl¡ ‚1ÀȬ±Ó¬ øÔÓ¬±ø¬Û Œ˘±ª±
¤‡Ú ¬Û≈1øÌ ‰¬fl¡œ1 ›¬Û1Ó¬,
ø¸˝√√“Ó¬1 ’øˆ¬À˚±·
ì’±1±˜√±˚˛fl¡Ó¬±1 ≈√¬ı«˘Ó¬±Ó¬î
˜˝√◊ ¶§±Ô«¬Û1 Δ˝√√ Î◊¬øͬÀÂ√±
’±1n∏ ø¸˝√√“Ó¬1 ¬ı±Î◊¬¸œÓ¬ ˝√√±Ó¬ ΔÔ
ŒÚÀ√‡± Δ˝√√ÀÂ√± Œfl¡±ÀÚ± ’À˘Ãøfl¡fl¡ ¸À¬Û±Ú,
Úˆ¬À·±ª± Δ˝√√ÀÂ√± ’Ú≈ˆ¬ª ’±1n∏ ’øˆ¬˜±Úº
ÚÓ≈¬ÚÕfl¡ ‚1ÀȬ±Ó¬ øÔÓ¬±ø¬Û Œ˘±ª±
¬Û≈1øÌ ‰¬fl¡œ‡Ú1 ¬ı“±Î◊¬¸œÓ¬ ˝√√±Ó¬ ΔÔ
Ó¬Ô±ø¬Û &øͬ¬ı ‡≈øÊ√ÀÂ√±
ˆ¬±ªÚ±1 ˜±ø1À1 ŒÊ√±‡ Δ˘
˝√√+√˚˛fl¡ Î◊¬¬Û˝√√±1 ø√¬ı ¬Û1±
¤øȬ Î◊¬˜±˘ ‰≈¬ÀªÈ¬±1...º
Ú˘À¬ı˝◊√ 1± ¬Û√…

·À˝√√Úœ ’±¬ı≈
‚Ú±fl¡±ôL √±¸, Ú˘¬ı±1œ
ŒÙ¬±Ú Ú— – 8790261757

¬Û”Ê√±1 ¬ıíSÓ¬ ·À˝√√Úœ ’±¬ı≈1 ¬Û±¢≠± Ò≈˜≈1 Î◊¬Àͬ,

¬ı≈fl≈¡1 ˜±ÀÊ√±1 ¸≈‡Ú± fl¡˝√◊˘Ê√±ÀȬ± √±›“ √±›“Àfl¡ ;À˘º
¬Û”Ê√±1 Œ‡±˘±Ó¬ Ϭ±fl¡-ŒÏ¬±˘, √¬ı±-fl¡“±˝√√±˝√◊ 1Ê√ÚÊ√íÀÚ Ô±Àfl¡,
Ó¬±1 ˜±ÀÊ√±ÀÓ¬± ·À˝√√Úœ ’±¬ı≈˝√◊ ¬ı≈fl≈¡ Ò±Î◊¬øSê fl¡±Àμº

ëøfl¡ ø˚ ˝√√í˘, ·À˝√√ÚœÀȬ± Œ√À‡±Ú ¬Û±·˘±˝√◊ ˝√√í˘í....

·“±›‡±ÀÚ±1 ˜≈À‡ ˜≈À‡ fl¡Ô±ø·˘±‡±Ú ¬ıÓ¬±˝√√ Δ˝√√ ‚”À1º...

쉬±Ú± ’±¬Û± ’Î◊¬· ’˝√√î

옱Ê√≈ ¬ı±¬Û± ’Î◊¬· ’˝√√î,
쉬±›Àª ‰¬±›, Œ¸±Ì± 1+¬Û±˝√◊ø√ ¸±øÊ√ fl¡±ø‰¬
˜1Ó¬íÓ¬ ¬Û”Ê√± ˘í¬ı± ¬ı±À1¬ÛøÓ¬ ’±À˝√√ Ó¬±˝√◊î...
쇱 ˜±˝√◊ ‡±, Œfl¡øVÚÚ ŒÓ¬±1 Œˆ¬±·∑...
≈√˝√◊ø√Ú1 Œ¸ª±-¸»fl¡±1º
‰¬±øVÚ ø¬ÛÂ√Ó¬ ¬Û”Ê√±1 Œ˙À¯∏±Ó¬, Ó¬˝√◊À˚˛± Œ√À‡±Ú Œ¸˝√◊ ¬Û±ÚœÀ1 Ó¬˘Ó¬ºíí...

¬ı±ÀȬø√ ˚í ¬Ûífl¡±-ø¬Û¬Û1± ¤È¬±› ¬ı±√ Ú¬ÛÀ1...

·À˝√√Úœ ’±¬ı≈1 ¬Û≈1± fl¡˝√◊˘Ê√±ÀȬ± Œ˚Ú ˝√√±ÀÓ¬±fl¡ Œ˘ø·À˝√√ ’±À˝√√º

ëøfl¡ ø˚ ˝√√í˘, ·˝√√ÚœÀȬ± ·Ó¬±˝√◊ ¬Û±·˘±˝√◊ ˝√√í˘í

¬Û”Ê√±1 Œfl¡øVÚ fl¡Ô±ø·˘±‡±Ú ¬ıÓ¬±˝√√ Δ˝√√ ‚”À1º

ˆ¬±ÀÂ√Úœ1 ø√Ú± ¬Û±Úœ1 Î◊¬õ∂Ó¬ ˆ¬“±ø˝√√ Î◊¬Í¬± õ∂øÓ¬˜±‡±Úfl¡ õ∂øÓ¬¬ı±À1

·À˝√√Úœ ’±¬ı≈1 Ó¬±˝√◊1 ¸í1 ’±¬ÛœÈ≈¬ ˝√√±Ú ˘±À·º
Œfl¡øVÚ ’±À·±1 ŒÚ± fl¡Ô±ø·˘±/
ø¸ƒ√Ú±‡±Ú ø˚ ¬ıÀ11¬Û≈ª±˝√◊

89
õ∂øÓ¬˜±‡±ÀÚ Œ˝√√øÓ¬ ¸í1 ’±¬Ûœ1 ˙íÀȬ± ’±fl¡±˘±À· ˆ¬“±ø˝√√ Î◊¬Í¬øÂ√˘/
›À1 1±øÓ¬ Ó¬±˝√◊ ¬Û±Úœ1 Ó¬À˘±Ó¬, ¬ı·± Ê√±˜≈˝√±Ú ˜≈‡ ‡±Ú Ó¬±˝√◊1 ø¬ıˆ¬»¸ Δ˝√√ Î◊¬Í¬øÂ√˘/
øÓ¬Ú˜±˝√◊˝√± ‰¬íø˘ÀȬ± Œ¬ÛȬӬ Δ˘ fl¡…± ø˚ Ê√±¬Û ø√øÂ√˘ Ó¬±˝√◊∑...

·À˝√√Úœ ’±¬ı≈˝√◊ ˆ¬±Àª... ˆ¬±øª ˆ¬±øªÀ˚˛˝√◊ ŒÚøfl¡

¬Û”Ê√±1 ¬ıÓ¬À1±Ó¬ ·À˝√√Úœ ’±¬ı≈1 ¬Û±·˘± Ò≈˜≈1 Î◊¬Àͬº...

¬Û”Ê√±1 Œ‡±˘±Ó¬ ·˝√√Úœ ’±¬ı≈˝√◊ fl¡¬Û±˘ ’±˝√◊ÀÙv¬ fl¡±Àμ,

ìfl¡…± ¤ ˜±˝√◊ fl¡…±∑ ¸í1 ’±¬Ûœfl¡ Ú©Ü fl¡1± ’¸≈1 øfl¡È¬±
˝√◊Ȭ±› Œ√‡≈Ú √¬Û √¬ÛÀfl¡ ‚”À1∑...
‡± ˜±˝√◊ ‡±... Œfl¡øVÚ ŒÓ¬±1 Œˆ¬±·∑...
‰¬±øVÚ ø¬ÛÂ√íÓ¬ ¬Û”Ê√±1 Œ˙À¯∏±Ó¬ Ó¬˝√◊› Œ√À‡±Ú ¬Û±ÚœÀ1 Ó¬íÀ˘±Ó¬ºíí...
¬Û”Ê√±1 ¬ıÓ¬1íÓ¬ ·˝√√Úœ ’±¬ı≈˝√◊ õ∂øÓ¬˜±‡±ÀÚ±Àfl¡ Œ¸±ÀÒ,
˜±˝√◊1 ˜≈‡ÀÓ¬ øÚÊ√1 Œ¬ÛȬ1 ¸í1 ’±¬ÛœÀȬ± Œ√À‡º

¬Û”Ê√±1 ¬ıSÓ¬ ·À˝√√Úœ ’±¬ı≈1 q‡Ú± fl¡˝√◊˘Ê√±ÀȬ± √±›“ √±›“Àfl¡ ;À˘...º

Œ˜±1 ˆ¬KI◊œ
’øi§Ó¬± ¬ı1ͬ±fl¡≈1
ø¡ZÓ¬œ˚˛ Œ|Ìœ, ˝√◊Î◊¬1í ¶≥®˘, ÚÔ« Œfl¡•Û±Â√

Œ˜±1 ¸1n∏ ˆ¬ø∞I◊ õ∂±‰¬œ Ó¬±˝√◊1 Ú±˜

ø√Ú1 ø√ÚÀȬ± ≈√©Ü±ø˜ fl¡ø1 ‚”ø1 Ù≈¬1±˝√◊ Ó¬±˝√◊1 fl¡±˜ºº
˜˝√◊ ‚1Ó¬ Ô±øfl¡À˘ ‡≈¬ı Œ‡ø˘ Ô±Àfl¡
¶≥®˘ Œ˚±ª±1 ¸˜˚˛Ó¬ øfl¡c ¬ı1 ≈√À‡À1 fl¡±Àμºº
øÙ¬åȬ±1 Œ‡±˘±, ¬Û±Úœ Œ¬ÛÀ˘±ª± fl¡±˜À1± Ú±˝√◊ ’ôL
fl¡±À¬Û±11 ’±˘˜±ø1› ¸±ø1 Ú±˚±˚˛ fl¡À1 ˘Gˆ¬Gºº
˜±À˚˛ ‡— fl¡ø1À˘ ·¬Û ˘±ø· &ø‰¬ ˚±˚˛
Œ√Î◊¬Ó¬± ’øÙ¬‰¬1 ¬Û1± ’±ø˝√√À˘ Œ·±‰¬1 ˘·±˚˛ºº
õ∂±‰¬œ ’±˜±1 ¬ı1 ’±À¬Û±Ú ¬ı1 ˜1˜1
¸1n∏ ¸1n∏ fl¡±G Œ¬ı±À1˝√◊ ’±fl¡¯∏«Ì ‚11ºº

90
¬Û”Ê√± Ú± Œ˜˘±
¬ıÌ«±˘œ Œ√ªœ, ¬ı„√√±˝◊√·±›“
Ù¬±Ú Ú— – 6000418591

¬Û”Ê√± ¬Û”Ê√± ¬Û”Ê√±

’±˝√◊˝√ƒ ø˘ ˘±À· ˜Ê√±
¶≥®˘ ¬ıg ’øÙ¬‰¬ ¬ıg
Œfl¡Ú±˝√◊ ø˚ ˜Ê√±1 fl¡Ô±
ÚÓ≈¬Ú fl¡±¬Û≈1 ÚÓ≈¬Ú ŒÊ√±Ó¬±
øfl¡˜±Ú 1fl¡˜1 ‰¬±¬ı±
1„√√‰¬˝√◊„√± Ê√fl¡˜˝√◊fl¡±
øfl¡˜±Ú ø˚ øÊ√{®±ø˜fl¡±
‰¬fl≈¡ ‰¬±È¬ ˜±ø1 ÒÀ1 fl¡±fl¡ÀÚ± øfl¡˜±Ú ‰¬±¬ı±
1˜1˝√◊˜± Œ√±fl¡±Ú ¬Û±˝√√±1
‰¬±˝√◊À1±Ù¬±À˘ ¬Û±¬ı±
‰¬±È¬ ‡±˜ Ù≈¬¶®± ‡±˜ øfl¡˜±Ú ø˚ ˘±˝√◊·ƒ ¬ı ˜Ê√±
·1˜ ·1˜ øÊ√˘±¬Ûœ ˆ¬±Ê√±
≈√‡±Ú Ú±‡ø˘ Ú±Àâ ˜Ê√±
‡≈˜«±, øÚ˜ƒøfl¡, ¬ı≈øμ˚˛± ˆ≈¬øÊ√˚˛±
˝√√±Ó¬Ó¬ Ô±Àfl¡ ‰¬±˝√◊Ȭ±˜±Ú ŒÈ¬±õ≠±
¬Û”Ê√± ‰¬1 Ú±˜Ó¬ øfl¡˜±Ú ø˚ ’±1 Œ¬ÛȬ ¬Û”Ê√±
¬ı±¬Û±fl¡1 ˝√√±Ó¬Ó¬ Œ¬ı˘≈Ú ‰¬ø˘1 ˝√√±Ó¬Ó¬ Œ¬Û¬Û±
˜±fl¡1 ˝√√±Ó¬Ó¬ ˜øÚ˝√√±1œ1 Œfl¡˝√◊Ȭ± ø˚ Œ√˝√◊‡ƒ ¬Û± ŒÈ¬±õ≠±
Œ˝√√±ÀȬ˘ Œ1©Ü≈À1∞I◊ ø˚˜±Ú Ò±¬ı±
¬Û”Ê√±1 Œ¬ÛÀGÀ˘ÀÓ¬± ˝√◊•ú±Ú Ú±m±
ø˚˜±Ú ˜±Úƒ U Ó¬±ÀÓ¬ Œ√˝√◊‡ƒ ¬Û±
¬Û”Ê√±1 Ú±˜Ó¬ øfl¡˜±Ú Ȭ±fl¡±
Î◊¬ø1 ˚±˚˛ Úø1 ˆ¬±˝√◊¬ıƒ ¬ı±
Ó¬Ô±ø¬Û› ˆ¬±˘ ˘±À· øfl¡¬ı±
¬Û”Ê√± ’±˝√◊˝√ƒ ø˘ ø˚ Œfl¡Ú±˝√◊ ¤È¬± ˜Ê√±
ø√ÚÓ¬ ;˘±›“ Ò≈¬Û Ò≈Ú±
õ∂øÓ¬˜±‡±Ú ‰¬±˝√◊ fl¡1n∏ Œ¸ª±
¸˝√◊g± ˝√√íø˘ ¸±øÊ√ fl¡±ø‰¬ ›˘±› ’±ø˜ Œ˜˘± ‰¬±¬ı±º

91
’±¬Û√œ˚˛± ¬Û√… ø˘˜±ø1fl¡
’Ú¸”˚˛± ¬ı1ͬ±fl≈¡1, &ª±˝√√±È¬œ
w±˜…ˆ¬±¯∏. 9435508765

1
|œ˜Ó¬œfl¡ ˘±À· ˜˝√√±Ú·1œÓ¬ ˜±øȬ,
Œ¸À˚˛À˝√√ ¸±øÊ√À˘“± ‚1 Œ¬ıø‰¬ øÚÊ√ Œˆ¬øȬ,
Ú±› Ú˝√√íÀ˘ Ú‰¬À˘,
1±ô¶±Ó¬ ˆ¬ø1 ø¬ÛÂ√À˘,
¬ı±ø1¯∏± ’±ø˝√√À˘˝√◊À‰¬±Ú Î≈¬À¬ı &ª±˝√√±È¬œ/

2
’±fl¡±˙˘—‚œ ˝√√í˘ ø¬ı≈√…Ó¬1 ø¬ı˘,
˜Ò…ø¬ıM√√1 ˜”1ÀÓ¬ ¸1· ˆ¬±ø·˘/
õ∂øÓ¬¬ı±√ fl¡1± ˚ø√,
¬ıí˝√◊ ˚±¬ı 1„√√±Ú√œ,
fl¡±1 ŒÚ± ¸±˝√√ ’±ÀÂ√ ‡≈øÊ√ ‡±¬ıÕ˘ øfl¡˘/

3
¬Û≈Ó≈¬fl¡Ì √±˝√◊øȬ1 fl¡¬Û±˘ Ù≈¬ø˘˘,
Œ¸±Ó¬1Ȭ± ø¬ıˆ¬±·ÀÓ¬ ‰¬±fl¡ø1 ø˜ø˘˘º
‰¬±ø1Ȭ±Õfl¡ ‡±ø˝√√ fl¡±øȬ,
Ô±Àfl¡“±ÀÓ¬˝√◊ Œˆ¬±Ê√ ¬Û±øÓ¬,
øÚ˚≈øMê Œ˚ ˆ≈¬ª±, Ó¬±1 ‡¬ı1 ’±ø˝√√˘º

4
Ȭfl¡± ‚Ȭ±1 ˘±À· ˚ø√ ¸˝√√Ê√ Î◊¬¬Û±˚˛,
˚˛≈øȬÎ◊¬¬ı Œ‰¬ÀÚ˘Àfl¡ Œ‡±˘ ’í Œ¬ı±¬Û±˝√◊/
¬Û≈ª±˝√◊ Î◊¬øͬ ø˚ fl¡“±˝√√œ,
ˆ¬±Ó¬ ‡±ª ¬ıø˝√√ ¬ıø˝√√,
Ó¬±Ó¬ ø√À˘ fl¡À˜À∞I◊À1 ø√¬ı ›¬Û‰¬±˚˛//

92
 1—·˜=
¤fl¡ø¬ı—˙ ˙øÓ¬fl¡±1 Ó‘¬Ó¬œ˚˛ √˙fl¡1
’¸˜1 w±˜…˜±Ú øÔÀ˚˛È¬±1 – ¸y±ªÚ±
’±1n∏ ¸—fl¡È¬
ˆ¬±¶®1ÀÊ√…±øÓ¬ ŒÎ¬fl¡±, Ú˘¬ı±1œ
ŒÙ¬±Ú Ú— – 8638891693
õ∂ô¶±ªÚ± – ’¸˜ ’Ó¬œÊ√1 ¬Û1± fl¡˘± ¸—¶‘®øÓ¬Ó¬ ‰¬˝√√fl¡œ
1±Ê√…º ø¬ıøˆ¬iß Ê√±øÓ¬-Ê√ÚÀ·±á¬œ1 ø˜˘Úˆ”¬ø˜ ’¸˜ ¸≈”√1 ’Ó¬œÓ¬1
¬Û1± ڱȬ… ’±1n∏ Ú‘Ó¬… fl¡˘±Ó¬ ‰¬˝√√fl¡œº ›Ê√±¬Û±ø˘, ˆ¬±›Ú±, ˆ¬±ª1œ˚˛±,
‡≈˘œ˚˛± ˆ¬±ª1œ˚˛±, Ú·±1± Ú±˜, fl≈¡˙±Ú ·±Ú ’±ø√1 √À1 ø¬ıøˆ¬iß
ڱȬ…±Ú≈ᬱÀÚ ’¸˜œ˚˛± fl‘¡ø©Ü1 ¬ÛÔ±1‡Ú qªøÚ fl¡ø1 Ó≈¬ø˘ÀÂ√º
¤ÀÚÀ˝√√Ú ‰¬˝√√fl¡œ ¸±—¶‘®øÓ¬fl¡ ‹øÓ¬˝√√…À1 ‰¬˝√√fl¡œ ’¸˜Ó¬ ø¬ı—˙
˙øÓ¬fl¡±1 ˜±Ê√ˆ¬±·1 ¬Û1± ·˝√√œÚ ¸±˜±øÊ√fl¡ ڱȬÀfl¡ Œ‡±¬ÛøÚ
¬Û≈øÓ¬¬ıÕ˘ ¸é¬˜ Δ˝√√øÂ√˘º ¬ı±„√√±˘œ ë˚±S±í1 ’Ú≈fl¡1ÌÓ¬ ’¸˜ÀÓ¬±
Δ¸øÚfl¡ ø˙äœ ¬ıËÊ√Ú±Ô ˙˜«±˝√◊ 1930 ‰¬ÚÓ¬ ëfl¡ø˝√√Ú≈1 ’À¬Û1±í
Ú±À˜À1 ˚±S± ¬Û±øȬ« ¤È¬± ’±1y fl¡ø1 ’¸˜Ó¬ ˚±S± ڱȬ…1 ¬Û±Ó¬øÚ
Œ˜À˘º 1963 ‰¬ÚÓ¬ ¬Û±Í¬˙±˘±Ó¬ ’‰≈¬…Ó¬ ˘˝√√fl¡11 õ∂À‰¬©Ü±Ó¬
ëÚȬ1±Ê√ ø‰¬ÀÚ øÔÀ˚˛È¬±1í Ú±˜1 √˘ÀȬ±1 Ê√ø1˚˛ÀÓ¬ ’±Ò≈øÚfl¡
w±˜…˜±Ì ڱȬfl¡1 ¬Û±Ó¬øÚ Œ˜À˘º õ∂±˚˛ Â√Ȭ± √˙fl¡ ·1fl¡± ’¸˜œ˚˛±
w±˜…˜±Ú øÔÀ˚˛È¬±À1 ø¬ıøˆ¬iß ‚±È¬-õ∂øÓ¬‚±Ó¬1 ˜±ÀÊ√ø√ ˚±S± fl¡ø1
¬ıÓ¬«˜±Ú1 ’ª¶ö± ¬Û±˝√◊ÀÂ√º w±˜…˜±Ì ڱȬ…√˘ ’¸˜Ó¬ ¢∂±˜… ’=˘Ó¬
ڱȬfl¡1 Œ¸±ª±√ ø√˚˛± ¤fl¡˜±S ڱȬ… ˜ÀÚ±1?Ú1 ’Ú≈á¬±Ú ¬ı≈ø˘
fl¡íÀ˘› ¬ıϬˇ±˝√◊ Œfl¡±ª± Ú˝√√í¬ıº ¬ıU √˙fl¡ Ê√≈ø1 ’¸˜1 ˝√◊˜”11 ¬Û1±
ø¸˜”1Õ˘ ¸fl¡À˘± ͬ±˝√◊ÀÓ¬ √˙«fl¡1 øõ∂˚˛ˆ¬±Ê√Ú Œ˝√√±ª± w±˜…˜±ÀÚ
Œfl¡ª˘ ڱȬfl¡ õ∂√˙«Ú fl¡1± ˜= Δ˝√√ Ôfl¡± Ú±˝√◊, ˝√◊ ¤È¬± Î◊¬À√…±·Õ˘
¬Û˚«¬ıø¸Ó¬ Δ˝√√ ¬ıUÀÓ¬± ˜±Ú≈˝√fl¡ Œ¬ÛȬ1 ¤˜≈øͬ ˆ¬±Ó¬ ø√¬ı ¬Ûø1ÀÂ√º
’Ú…˝√ √ ± ÀÓ¬, Œfl¡ª˘ w±˜…˜±Ú øÔÀ˚˛ È ¬±À1 Œfl¡ª˘ øÚÊ√ À 1˝√ ◊
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’Ô«ÕÚøÓ¬fl¡ ø√˙ ȬÚøfl¡˚˛±˘ fl¡1± Ú±˝√◊, ¬ıUÀÓ¬± ͬ±˝√◊1 ø¬ıøˆ¬iß
’Ú≈ᬱÚ1 ¬ı±Àª ¬Û≈“øÊ√ ¸—¢∂˝√ fl¡ø1 Œˆ¬“øȬ ¬ıÀÚ±ª±Ó¬ ˚ÀÔ©Ü ¸˝√√±˚˛
fl¡ø1ÀÂ√º Δ¬ı≈√…øÓ¬Ú ˜±Ò…˜1 ’±¢∂±¸Ú ’±1n∏ ڱȬfl¡1 &Ì·Ó¬
˜±Ú ˝}√±¸ Œ˝√√±ª±1 ¬Ûø1Àõ∂øé¬Ó¬Ó¬ w±˜…˜±Ì øÔÀ˚˛È¬±À1 ¬Û”¬ı«1 ·ø1˜±
Œ˝√√1n∏›ª± ¬ı≈ø˘ ¸Ó¬ÀÓ¬ ’øˆ¬À˚±·1 ’±„≈√ø˘ Î◊¬Í¬± Œ√‡± ˚±˚˛º
˝√◊˚˛±1 õ∂ˆ¬±Àª ‹øÓ¬˝√√…˜øGÓ¬ Î◊¬À√…±·ÀȬ±1 ’¬ıé¬˚˛ ¸±ÒÚ fl¡1±
¬ı≈ø˘ ˆ¬±ø¬ı¬ı1 ’ªfl¡±˙ ˝√√˚˛º
¸±•xøÓ¬fl¡ ¬Ûø1ø¶öøÓ¬Ó¬ w±˜…˜±Ú1 ¸—fl¡È¬– fl¡íøˆ¬Î¬ ¸‘©Ü
¬Ûø1À¬ı˙Ó¬ ˜ÀÚ±1?Ú1 ’Ú…±Ú… ˜±Ò…˜1 √À1 ’±˜±À1±
w±˜…˜±Ú øÔÀ˚˛È¬±1Õ˘ ’ÀÚfl¡ ’˙øÚ ¸—Àfl¡Ó¬ fl¡øϬˇ˚˛±˝√◊
’±øÚÀÂ√º Œ˚±ª± ≈√Ȭ± ¬ıÂ√1Ó¬ ’±˜±1 ¤˝√◊ Ô˘≈ª± Î◊¬À√…±·ÀȬ±
¬ıg Œ˝√√±ª±1 Î◊¬¬ÛSê˜ Δ˝√√øÂ√˘ ˚ø√› ¸•xøÓ¬ ¬Û≈Ú1 ¤˝√◊
Î◊¬À√…±·ÀȬ±Àª ¬Û≈Ú1 ·±-Œ¬Û±Ú±˝√◊ Î◊¬øͬ¬ıÕ˘ ¸é¬˜ Δ˝√√ÀÂ√º øfl¡c
fl¡íøˆ¬Î¬fl¡±˘œÚ ¸˜˚˛Ó¬ Œ√ø‡¬ıÕ˘ Œ¬Û±ª± ¬ıUÀÓ¬± ¸˜¸…±
¬ı±Ó¬«˜±ÀÚ› Ô±øfl¡ Δ·ÀÂ√º ˝√√˚˛ÀȬ± ¤˝√◊ Ò1Ì1 ¸˜¸…±À¬ı±1 ˘±À˝√√
˘±À˝√√ Î◊¬À√…±·ÀȬ±1 ›¬Û1Ó¬ Œ¬ÛÀ˘±ª± √œ‚«˜…±√œ õ∂ˆ¬±Àª
Î◊¬À√…±·ÀȬ±fl¡ ˚ÀÔ©Ü ¬Ûø1˜±ÀÌ é¬øÓ¬ fl¡ø1¬ı ¬Û±À1º fl¡íøˆ¬Î¬1
ø¬ÛÂ√Ó¬ ¸˜˚˛ø‡øÚÓ¬ ˜±Ú≈˝√1 fl¡˜« ¸—¶ö±¬ÛÚ1 ¸˜¸…±˝√◊ ˜±Ú≈˝√1
’ˆ¬±ª ¬ıϬˇ±˝√◊ ’Ú±Ó¬ ø¬ıøˆ¬iß Ò1Ì1 ‡1‰¬1 ø˙Ó¬±Ú fl¡˜±˝√◊
’±øÚ¬ıÕ˘ ¬ı±Ò… Δ˝√√ÀÂ√º ø¬ıÀ˙¯∏Õfl¡ ¢∂±˜…±=˘Ó¬ ø¬ıøˆ¬iß Í¬±˝√◊Ó¬
√˙«fl¡1 ’ˆ¬±Àª øÔÀ˚˛È¬±1 fl¡Ó¬«‘¬Ûé¬1 ˘·ÀÓ¬ ’±˝√√3±˚˛fl¡
¸ø˜øÓ¬¸˜”˝√Àfl¡± ø¬ı¬Û±„√√Ó¬ Œ¬Û˘±˝√◊ÀÂ√º ø¡ZÓ¬œ˚˛ fl¡Ô± Œ˜±¬ı±˝√◊˘
ŒÙ¬±Ú ’±1n∏ øάøÊ√ÀȬ˘ øȬøˆ¬1 ¬ıU˘ õ∂¸±11 Ù¬±˘1 ¬Û1± ˜±Ú≈À˝√√
øÔÀ˚˛È¬±11 ’±fl¡¯∏«Ì ˘±À˝√√ ˘±À˝√√ fl¡ø˜ ’±ø˝√√¬ıÕ˘ Òø1ÀÂ√º øͬfl¡
ŒÓ¬ÀÚ√À1, ¬ıÓ¬«˜±Ú1 ڱȬfl¡1 &Ì·Ó¬ ˜±Ú√G ’¬ıÚø˜Ó¬ Δ˝√√ÀÂ√º
¬Û”¬ı«1 ڱȬfl¡À¬ı±À1 ø˚√À1 √˙«fl¡fl¡ ø‰¬ôL±1 Œ‡±1±fl¡ ø√øÂ√˘ ŒÓ¬ÀÚ
ø‰¬ôL±1 Î◊¬À¡Z· ‚Ȭ±¬ı ¬Û1± ڱȬfl¡1 ’ˆ¬±ª Δ˝√√ÀÂ√º Œ¬ıøÂ√ˆ¬±·
ڱȬfl¡Ó¬ ڱȬ…fl¡±11 ·ˆ¬œ1 ø‰¬ôL±1 ’ˆ¬±ª Œ√ø‡¬ıÕ˘ Œ¬Û±ª± Δ·ÀÂ√º
¤˝√◊√À1 Œ˜Ãø˘fl¡Ó¬±1 ’ˆ¬±ª Δ˝√√ Δ· Ô±øfl¡À˘ ¤È¬± ¸˜˚˛Ó¬
˜±Ú≈À˝√√ ˘À˝ √˘±À˝√√ ڱȬfl¡ ‰¬±¬ıÕ˘ ¤ø1 ø√¬ıº ’±Àfl¡Ã ڱȬfl¡
õ∂√˙«ÚÓ¬ fl¡±ø1fl¡1œ ‰¬˜fl¡ ’±1n∏ Ú‘Ó¬…-·œÓ¬1 ¬ıU˘ ’±1n∏
’Ú±ª˙…fl¡œ˚˛ õ∂À˚˛±À· ¸À‰¬Ó¬Ú √˙«fl¡fl¡ ø¬ıÓ≈¬á¬ fl¡ø1 Ó≈¬ø˘ÀÂ√º
¤ÀÚ√À1 ڱȬ…&Ì ˆ¬¬ı±Ó¬Õfl¡› fl¡ø˜ Δ· Ô±øfl¡À˘ ˙œÀ‚Ë ¬ıUÀÓ¬±
øÔÀ˚˛È¬±À1 ˜‘Ó≈¬…˜≈‡Ó¬ ¬Ûø1¬ı ¬ı≈ø˘ ͬ±ª1 fl¡ø1¬ı ¬Û1± ˚±˚˛º ’±Àfl¡Ã
ڱȬfl¡1 ¬ı…˚˛ ¬ı±øϬˇ õ∂À˚±Ê√fl¡1 ¬ı±À¬ı ¤fl¡ √±ø„√√¬ı ŒÚ±ª±1± Œ¬ı±Ê√±
Δ˝√√ ¬Ûø1ÀÂ√º Œ¢≠˜±1 ø˙äœ1 ¬ı±À¬ı ˆ¬ø1¬ı ˘·± ¬ı‘˝√» ’—fl¡1 ÒÚ1
¬ı±À¬ı õ∂À˚±Ê√fl¡¸fl¡˘ ø¬ı¬Û±„√√Ó¬ ¬Ûø1ÀÂ√º ’±Ú˝√√±ÀÓ¬ Ú‘Ó¬…1 ¬ı±À¬ı
õ∂À˚˛±Ê√Úœ˚˛ ·œÓ¬-˜±Ó¬, ø¬ıøˆ¬iß fl¡±ø1fl¡1œ Œfl¡Ã˙˘ ’±ø√1 ¬ı±À¬ı
¬ı‘˝√» ¬Ûø1˜±Ì1 ÒÚ Œ˚±·±1 fl¡ø1¬ı ˘·œ˚˛± Œ˝√√±ª± ¬ı±À¬ı› ¬ı…˚˛
¬ı±øϬˇ Δ· ’±ÀÂ√º ¤˝√◊√À1 ¬ı…˚˛ fl¡˜±¬ı ŒÚ±ª±ø1À˘ ¤È¬± ¸˜˚˛Ó¬
Œ˘±fl¡‰¬±Ú ¬ı±øϬˇ Δ· Ô±øfl¡¬ıº
¸±•xøÓ¬fl¡ ¬Ûø1ø¶öøÓ¬Ó¬ w±˜…˜±Ú1 ¸y±ªÚ± – ’¸˜1
·“±›, ‰¬˝√√1, Ú·1 ¸¬ı«SÀÓ¬ õ∂‰¬ø˘Ó¬ w±˜…˜±Ú øÔÀ˚˛È¬±1 Δ˝√√ÀÂ√
’±È¬±˝√◊Ó¬Õfl¡ Ê√Úøõ∂˚˛ ڱȬfl¡1 ˜=º ˆ¬±1Ó¬1 ’±Ú Œfl¡±ÀÚ± ͬ±˝√◊ÀÓ¬
¤ÀÚ õ∂̱˘œ¬ıX w±˜…˜±Ú øÔÀ˚˛È¬±1 ¬Û±¬ıÕ˘ Ú±˝√◊º ¤fl¡ fl¡Ô±Ó¬
fl¡í¬ıÕ˘ ·íÀ˘ w±˜…˜±Ú øÔÀ˚˛È¬±1 ’¸˜1 ¶§±øˆ¬˜±Úº ¤˝√◊
¶§øˆ¬˜±Úœ ÚȬ…Ò±1± ˙øMê˙±˘œÕfl¡ Ê√œ˚˛±˝√◊ 1‡±ÀȬ± õ∂øÓ¬·1±fl¡œ
’¸˜œ˚˛±1 √±ø˚˛Q Œ˝√√±ª± Î◊¬ø‰¬Ó¬º ˙øMê˙±˘œ ‹øÓ¬˝√√… ¬ı˝√√Úfl¡±1œ
ڱȬ…fl¡˘±1 Ò±1±ÀȬ± õ∂¬ı±˝√√˜±Ú fl¡ø1¬ıÕ˘ ¬Ûø1¬ıøÓ¬«Ó¬ ¸±˜±øÊ√fl¡
Œõ∂鬱¬ÛȬӬ øfl¡Â≈√˜±Ú ˙øMê˙±˘œ ¬Û√Àé¬¬Û Œ˘±ª±ÀȬ± ¬ıÓ¬«˜±Ú
¸˜˚˛Ó¬ Ê√1n∏1œ Δ˝√√ ¬Ûø1ÀÂ√º ¸•xøÓ¬ ¤ÀÚ ¬Û√Àé¬¬Û Δ˘ ’±&ª±˝√◊
øÚøÚÀ˘ ¤¸˜˚˛Ó¬ ˝√◊˚˛±fl¡ 1鬱 fl¡1± fl¡øÍ¬Ú Δ˝√√ Î◊¬øͬ¬ıº Œ¸À˚˛À˝√√
¬Ûø1fl¡øäÓ¬ ˆ¬±Àª ¤˝√◊ Ò±1±ÀȬ± ’±&ª±˝√◊ øÚ¬ıÕ˘ ڱȬ…fl¡˘±1
˘·Ó¬ Ê√øάˇÓ¬ õ∂øÓ¬·1±fl¡œ ¬ı…øMê ¸Ê√±· Œ˝√√±ª± √1fl¡±1º
¬ıÓ¬«˜±Ú ¸˜˚˛Ó¬ ’¸˜1 w±˜…˜±Ú øÔÀ˚˛È¬±11 ¸—fl¡È¬
Œ˜±‰¬Ú1 ¬ı±À¬ı Œ¬Û±ÚÀÓ¬ √1fl¡±1œ ˝í¬ı ڱȬfl¡1 &Ì·Ó¬ ˜±Ú Î◊¬ißÓ¬
fl¡1±º ڱȬ…fl¡±1¸fl¡À˘ Œ˜Ãø˘fl¡, ˚≈øMê¬Û”Ì« ø‰¬ôL±Ò±1±fl¡ õ∂±Ò±Ú…
ø√ ڱȬfl¡ 1‰¬Ú± fl¡1± õ∂À˚˛±Ê√Úº ’¸˜1 ¸±˜±øÊ√fl¡ ¬ÛȬˆ”¬ø˜1
˘·Ó¬ ø˜˘±˝√◊ ڱȬ 1‰¬Ú±Ó¬ ˜ÀÚ±øÚÀ¬ı˙ fl¡ø1À˘À˝√√ ڱȬfl¡1 ¬Û1±
√˙«Àfl¡ õ∂fl‘¡Ó¬ ¬ı±Ó¬«± ˘±ˆ¬ fl¡ø1¬ıº ڱȬfl¡ Δ˝√√ÀÂ√ õ∂·øÓ¬1 ¤fl¡
94
’Ú…Ó¬˜ ˝√√±øÓ¬˚˛±1º ¸˜±Ê√1 ø¬ıøˆ¬iß Œfl¡À1±Ì¬ı±1 Ù“¬ø˝√√˚˛±˝√◊ ˚≈øMê¬Û”Ì«
ˆ¬±Àª ڱȬ1 Ê√ø1˚˛ÀÓ¬ Ó¬±1 ¸˜±Ò±Ú1 1±ô¶± Œ√‡≈ª±˝√◊ ø√À˘À˝√√ ˝√◊
¸˜±Ê√1 ø˝√√Ó¬1 ¸±ÒÚ fl¡ø1¬ıº ¸˜±Ê√fl¡ ø¬ıw±øôLÓ¬ Œ¬Û˘±¬ı ¬Û1±
ø¬ı¯∏˚˛À¬ı±1 ¬ı±√ ø√ ¸≈¶ö ¸˜±Ê√ ·Ï¬ˇ±1 ¬ı±À¬ı ÒÚ±Rfl¡ ø‰¬ôL±Ò±1±fl¡
õ∂±Ò±Ú… ø√ ‰¬ø1S ’±1n∏ ¸—˘±¬Û ·øϬˇ ڱȬfl¡ 1‰¬Ú± fl¡1±1 Ò±1±
¤È¬± ¸‘ø©Ü fl¡ø1¬ı ¬Û±ø1À˘À˝√√ 1±˝√◊ÀÊ√ ¸¬ı«SÀÓ¬ ’±√ø1 ˘¬ıº
1n∏ø‰¬¬Û”Ì« ø¬ı¯∏˚˛fl¡ ¸±ª˘œ˘ øÚÓ¬… – ÚÓ≈¬Ú ’±øefl¡1 ¸˝√√±˚˛Ó¬
Î◊¬¬Û¶ö±¬ÛÚ fl¡ø1 ¤È¬± ‰¬˝√√fl¡œ fl¡˘±1 ¸‘ø©Ü fl¡ø1¬ı ¬Û±ø1À˘ õ∂øÓ¬ÀȬ±
õ∂Ê√ij1 ˜±Ê√Ó¬ ˝√◊ ¶§øˆ¬˜±ÀÚÀ1 Ê√œ˚˛±˝√◊ Ô±øfl¡¬ı ¬Û±ø1¬ıº ¬ıÓ¬«˜±Ú
¸˜˚˛Ó¬ ’¸˜1 õ∂±˚˛À¬ı±1 w±˜…˜±Ú øÔÀ˚˛È¬±11 ڱȬfl¡1 ø¬ÛÀÚ
˜Ú fl¡ø1À˘ Œ√ø‡¬ıÕ˘ Œ¬Û±ª± ˚±˚˛ Œ˚ Œ¬ıøÂ√ˆ¬±· ڱȬfl¡ ’¸˜1
‰¬˝√√fl¡œ Œ˘±fl¡ ¸˜±Ê√ ’±1n∏ ¸—¶‘®øÓ¬1 ¬Û1± ’“±Ó¬ø1 ˚±¬ı Òø1ÀÂ√º
øÚÊ√1 Ê√±øÓ¬ÀȬ±1 ˘·Ó¬ Ôfl¡± Œ˘±fl¡-¸—¶‘®øÓ¬1 ø¬ıøˆ¬iß ¸˜˘À¬ı±1
ڱȬfl¡1 õ∂À˚˛±Ê√ÚÓ¬ ¬ı…ª˝√√±1 fl¡ø1¬ı ¬Û±ø1À˘ ¸¬ı«¸±Ò±1Ì ˜±Ú≈À˝√√
¬Û≈Ú1±˝√◊ ’±·1 √À1 w±˜…˜±Ú øÔÀ˚˛È¬±1fl¡ ˜1˜ ø√ ˚±¬ıº ¤˝√◊
Œé¬SÓ¬ ڱȬ…fl¡±1¸fl¡À˘ ڱȬ ˜=±˚˛ÚÓ¬ ø¬ıøˆ¬iß ¸•Û1œé¬±
¸±˝√√À¸À1 fl¡ø1¬ı ˘±ø·¬ıº ’±Ú˝√√±ÀÓ¬, ڱȬfl¡1 fl¡±ø˝√√Úœ øÚ¬ı«±‰¬ÚÓ¬
Œ¬ıÀ˘· ¸˜±Ê√ ¤‡Úfl¡ ¸Ó¬ÀÓ¬ õ∂±Ò±Ú… ø√˚˛±Ó¬Õfl¡ ’¸˜œ˚˛±
¸±ø˝√√Ó¬…1 øfl¡Â≈√˜±Ú fl¡±˘Ê√˚˛œ ¸±ø˝√√Ó¬… ¸y±1 ¬ı…¬ı˝√√±1 fl¡ø1¬ı
¬Û±ø1À˘ √˙«fl¡1 ˜Ú Ê√˚˛ fl¡ø1¬ıÕ˘ ¸é¬˜ ˝√í¬ıº
w±˜…˜±Ú øÔÀ˚˛È¬±11 Œé¬SÓ¬ ¸±•xøÓ¬fl¡ ¬Ûø1ø¶öøÓ¬Ó¬
˘¬ı˘·œ˚˛± ’±Ú ¤fl¡ ¸±ªÒ±ÚÓ¬± ˝√í˘ ’Ô«ÕÚøÓ¬fl¡ ¬ı…˚˛ ¸—Àfl¡±‰¬Úº
’˚Ô± Œ¢≠˜±11 ø¬ÛÂ√Ó¬ Œ√Ãø1 Ú±Ô±øfl¡ ’øˆ¬ÀÚÓ¬± øÚ¬ı«±‰¬Ú1
Œé¬SÓ¬ õ∂øÓ¬ˆ¬± ’±1n∏ √é¬Ó¬±1 ¸≈-Î◊¬¬ÛÀ˚±· fl¡ø1¬ı ¬Û±ø1À˘˝√◊
’Ô«ÕÚøÓ¬fl¡ Œ¬ı±Ê√± ˝}√±¸ fl¡ø1¬ı ¬Û1± ˚±¬ıº ’±Àfl¡Ã, ڱȬfl¡œ˚˛
¬Ûø1ø¶öøÓ¬À˚˛ ø¬ıÀ˙¯∏ ˆ¬±Àª √±¬ıœ Úfl¡ø1À˘ ’˘±·Ó¬œ˚˛±˘
fl¡±ø1fl¡1œ Œfl¡Ã˙˘ õ∂À˚˛±·1 ¬Û1± ø¬ı1Ó¬ Ôfl¡± √1fl¡±1º ¤ÀÚÀ¬ı±1
fl¡±˚«¬ÛLö± ¢∂˝√Ì fl¡ø1À˘ ڱȬfl¡1 ¬ı…˚˛ ˚ÀÔ©Ü ¬Ûø1˜±ÀÌ fl¡ø˜ Δ·
’Ô«ÕÚøÓ¬fl¡ ˆ¬±1¸±˜… ¬ıÓ¬«±˝√◊ 1±ø‡¬ı ¬Û±ø1¬ıº
¸±˜1øÌ – ’¸˜1 w±˜…˜±Ú øÔÀ˚˛È¬±1 ¶§±ÒœÀÚ±M√√1 fl¡±˘1
¬Û1± ’¸˜1 ·“±Àª-ˆ”¬À˚˛, Ú·À1-‰¬˝√√À1 ˜ÀÚ±1?Ú1 ¤fl¡ &1n∏Q¬Û”Ì«
˜±Ò…˜ 1+À¬Û ’±Rõ∂fl¡±˙ fl¡ø1 ’±ø˝√√ÀÂ√º ¬ıÓ¬«˜±Ú ¤fl¡ø¬ı—˙
˙øÓ¬fl¡±1 Ó‘¬Ó¬œ˚˛ √˙fl¡ÀȬ±Ó¬ ¬Ûø1¬ıøÓ¬«Ó¬ ¸±˜±øÊ√fl¡ ’±1n∏
’Ô«ÕÚøÓ¬fl¡ Œõ∂鬱¬ÛȬӬ Î◊¬À√…±·ÀȬ±Àª ø¬ıøˆ¬iß ¸˜¸…±1 ˜≈‡±˜≈ø‡
Δ˝√√ ’±ø˝√√ÀÂ√º ¬Ûø1¬ıøÓ¬«Ó¬ ¬Ûø1À¬ı˙1 ˘·Ó¬ ¸—·øÓ¬ 1±ø‡ ˙œÀ‚Ë
¤˝√◊ ¸˜¸…±À¬ı±1 ¸˜±Ò±Ú fl¡1± √1fl¡±1º ¸˜˚˛1 ¸≈-¬ı…ª˝√√±1 fl¡ø1
˚≈øMê¬Û”Ì« ˆ¬±Àª ¤˝√◊ ¸˜¸…±À¬ı±1 ¸˜±Ò±ÚÓ¬ ˜ÀÚ±øÚÀ¬ı˙ fl¡ø1¬ı
¬Û±ø1À˘ ¬ıU fl¡±˘Õ˘ ’¸˜1 Œ·Ã1ª w±˜…˜±Ú øÔÀ˚˛È¬±1 øÚÊ√¶§
˜ø˝√√˜±À1 øÊ√ø˘øfl¡ Ô±øfl¡¬ı ¬Û±ø1¬ıº
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ά– Œ¬ıÊ√¬ı1n∏ª± ’±1n∏ ’Ú…±Ú…
1?Ú Œ·±¶§±˜œ, ¬ı±—·±À˘±1
ŒÙ¬±Ú Ú— – 9590777722

1978 ‰¬Ú ˜±Ú1 fl¡Ô± ˝√í√¬ıº Œ¸˝√◊ ¸˜˚˛Ó¬ fl¡“±ø‰¬» ≈√˝√◊
¤‡Ú Œ¬ı±˘Â√ø¬ı Œ‰¬±ª±1 ¸≈À˚±· ø˜ø˘øÂ√˘ ˚ø√› õ∂±˝√◊À˜1œ
¶≥®˘1 Â√±S ø˝√√‰¬±À¬Û ø‰¬ÀÚ˜±1 õ∂øÓ¬ ’±¸Mê Œ˝√√±ª±1 ¬ı˚˛¸ Œ˝√√±ª±
Ú±øÂ√˘ ŒÓ¬øÓ¬˚˛±›º ¬Ûø1˚˛±˘1 ˜±Ú≈˝√1 ˘·ÀÓ¬ ¤Àfl¡˘À· Œ˚±ª±
˝√√˚˛ ˚ø√› Œ¬ı±˘Â√ø¬ı ¤‡ÀÚ ’±À˜±√ ø√¬ı ¬Û1± ø¬ı¯∏˚˛1 ›¬Û1Ó¬
:±ÚÀ1± ’ˆ¬±ª ’±øÂ√˘ ŒÓ¬øÓ¬˚˛±º
øͬfl¡ ŒÓ¬ÀÚfl≈¡ª± ¸˜˚˛ÀÓ¬ ˝√√ͬ±» ¤ø√Ú Î¬±„√√1 √±√±˝√◊ ’±ø˝√√
‡¬ı1 ø√À˘ Œ˚ SB ’øÙ¬‰¬Ó¬ ˙øÚ¬ı±1 ’±1n∏ Œ√›¬ı±11
·Ò”ø˘À¬ı±1Ó¬ õ∂ÀÊ√"√11 ¸˝√√±˚˛Ó¬ ά±„√√1 ¬Û√«±Ó¬ ø‰¬ÀÚ˜± Œ√‡≈›ª±
˝√í√¬ıº fl¡Ô±ÀȬ± qøÚ √±√±˝√√“Ó¬1 Ù≈¬øÓ¬«Ó¬ Ó¬Ó¬ Ú±˝√◊º ˘·ÀÓ¬ ’±˜±À1±º
øÚø√«©Ü ø√ÚÓ¬ √±√±˝√√“ÀÓ¬ ˘·Ó¬ Δ˘ ·í˘ ø‰¬ÀÚ˜± ‰¬±¬ıÕ˘º ˜±Ú≈˝√1
¸≈ø¬ıÒ±1 ¬ı±À¬ı SB ’øÙ¬‰¬1 õ∂fl¡±G ¬ÛÔ±1‡Ú1 [˚Ó¬ ¤øÓ¬˚˛±
˜±ÀÔ“± ø¬ıøã— ˝√√í˘] ˜±Ê√ˆ¬±·ÀÓ¬ ¬ı·± ¬Û√«± ¤‡Ú Ó¬ø1 õ∂ÀÊ√"√1
‰¬À˘±ª± ˝√√˚˛ ’±1n∏ ¬Û√«±‡Ú1 ≈√À˚˛±Ù¬±À˘ ˜±Ú≈˝√À¬ı±À1 Ê√≈˜ ¬ı±øg
¬ıø˝√√ ˘˚˛º
õ∂Ô˜ ø√ÚÀȬ± ’±1y ˝√√˘ Œ¸˝√◊ ¸˜˚˛1 Ê√Úøõ∂˚˛ ø˝√√μœ
Œ¬ı±˘Â√ø¬ı 븱Ӭ ø˝√√μ≈ô¶±Úœí (Saat Hindusthani) Œ1º ’ø˜Ó¬±ˆ¬
¬ı2‰√Ú1 ’øˆ¬Ú˚˛ Ê√œªÚ1 õ∂Ô˜ Â√ø¬ı ’±øÂ√˘ Œ¸˝√◊‡Úº Â√ø¬ı‡Ú
‰¬±›“ÀÓ¬ õ∂ÔÀ˜ ¤Àfl¡± ¬ı≈øÊ√ Ú±¬Û±À˘“± ˚ø√› ø¬ÛÂ√Ó¬ √±√±˝√√“Ó¬1
’±À˘±‰¬Ú±À¬ı±11 ¬Û1± Â√ø¬ı‡Ú1 ø¬ı¯∏À˚˛ ¸±˜±Ú… Ò±1̱ ¤È¬± ˝√√í˘º
’ø˜Ó¬±ˆ¬˝√í√ÀÓ¬ Œ√˙1 fl¡±1ÀÌ ’±Àμ±˘Ú fl¡ø1 ’ªÀ˙¯∏Ó¬ ø¬ıËøȬÂ√1
&ø˘Ó¬ õ∂±Ì ø√¬ı ˘·± ˝√√í˘º ¤˝√◊˚˛±˝√◊ ’±øÂ√˘ ˜”˘ fl¡±ø˝√√ÚœÀȬ±º
ø¬ÛÂ√ø√Ú±1 Œ¬ı±˘Â√ø¬ı ’±øÂ√˘ ά– Œ¬ıÊ√¬ı1n∏ª±º Œ¸˝√◊‡ÀÚ±
¬ı1 ø¬ıÀ˙¯∏ ¤Àfl¡± Ú≈¬ı≈øÊ√À˘“±º ’±Ò±ø‡øÚ ¸˜˚˛ qÀ˘±º øfl¡c
‚1Ó¬ ’±ø˝√√ √±√±˝√√“Ó¬1 ’±À˘±‰¬Ú±1 ¬Û1± ˝√◊˜±Úø‡øÚ ¬ı≈øÊ√ ¬Û±À˘“±
Œ˚ ά– Œ¬ıÊ√¬ı1n∏ª± ¤‡Ú ¸±—‚±øÓ¬fl¡ ø‰¬ÀÚ˜±// Œ¸˝√◊¸˜˚˛Ó¬
Œ˜±1 ø‰¬ÀÚ˜± ‰¬±¬ıÕ˘ Œ˚±ª±1 ’±‰¬˘ÀÓ¬ ’±1n∏ ¤È¬± ‡≈¬ı
’±À˜±√Ê√Úfl¡ fl¡±1Ì ’±øÂ√˘º õ∂±À˚˛˝√◊ øȬøÙ¬ÚÓ¬ ˜±À˚˛ ˘≈ø‰¬ ˆ¬±øÊ√
¬ı± ’Ú… øfl¡¬ı±-øfl¡ø¬ı ˆ¬Ê√± Œ¬Û±1± ¬ıd ¬Ûøͬ˚˛±˝√◊ ø√À˚˛, interval-
Ó¬ ‡±¬ıÕ˘º Ó¬±1 Î◊¬¬Ûø1› SP Â√±11 ˘í1± ¬ı≈ø˘ ˜±ÀÊ√ ¸˜À˚˛
Œfl¡±ã øE—', øÂ√—1± ’±ø√› ’±ø˝√√ Ô±Àfl¡º ø‰¬ÀÚ˜± Î◊¬¬ÛÀˆ¬±·
fl¡1±1 ¤˝√◊ Œ·±ÀȬ˝√◊ ‚ȬڱÀȬ±Ó¬ Œ˜±1 ˜”˘ ’±fl¡¯∏«Ì1 Î◊¬¬Û±√±Ú
’±øÂ√˘ Œ¸˝√◊À¬ı±1À˝√√º
˚± ˝√√›fl¡, ¤‡Ú ¤‡ÚÕfl¡ Œ¸˝√◊¬ıÂ√1 ¬ıUÀfl¡˝√◊‡Ú ø‰¬ÀÚ˜±
Œ‰¬±ª±1 Œ¸Ãˆ¬±·… ˝√√˘, Œ¬ıøÂ√ˆ¬±À·˝√◊ ’¸˜œ˚˛±º ø˝√√μœÓ¬ SAAT
HINDUSTANI, SHOLAY, MERA NAAM JOKER, CID ’±1n∏
’¸˜œ˚˛±Ó¬ ά– Œ¬ıÊ√¬ı1n∏ª±, ‰¬±À˜ø˘ Œ˜˜‰¬±˝√√±¬ı, Œ‡±Ê√, ¬ı1n∏ª±1
¸—¸±1, Ó¬1±˜±˝√◊, ¤1± ¬ı±È¬1 ¸≈1, ˘øȬ‚øȬ, fl¡À~±˘ ˝√◊Ó¬…±ø√º
ŒÓ¬øÓ¬˚˛± ·”Ϭˇ±Ô« ¬ı≈Ê√± Ú±øÂ√À˘“± ˚ø√› Œfl¡±˜˘ ˜ÚÀȬ±Ó¬ ŒÓ¬øÓ¬˚˛±˝√◊
¸“±‰¬ ¬ıUª±˝√◊øÂ√˘ Œ¸˝√◊ fl¡±˘Ê√˚˛œ Â√ø¬ıÀ¬ı±À1º fl¡±˘Sê˜Ó¬ ø‰¬ÀÚ˜±1

95
ˆ¬œ¯∏Ì ˆ¬Mê Δ˝√√ ¬Ûø1À˘“±º ά±„√√1 Δ˝√√ ’˝√√±1 ˘À· ˘À· ¤˝√◊
’±È¬±˝√◊À¬ı±1 ø‰¬ÀÚ˜± ’±Àfl¡Ã ¤¬ı±1, ÚÓ≈¬Ú ‘√ø©ÜÀ1 Œ‰¬±ª±1 Ó¬œ¬ıË
Œ˝√√“¬Û±˝√√ ¤È¬± ·Ï¬ˇ Δ˘ Î◊¬øͬ˘º ˝√√˚˛ÀÓ¬± ¸1n∏ fl¡±˘1 õ∂øÓ¬ÀȬ± ø˜Í¬±
¬Û˘ ’±Àfl¡Ã ¤¬ı±1 Ê√œ ‰¬±¬ı ø¬ı‰¬±ø1À˘±º Œ¸À˚˛À˝√√ ’±È¬±˝√◊Àfl¡˝√◊‡Ú
ø‰¬ÀÚ˜± ø¬ı‰¬±ø1 ø¬ı‰¬±ø1 ’±Àfl¡Ã ¤¬ı±1 ‰¬±À˘“±º øfl¡Â≈√˜±Ú ¤¬ı±1Ó¬Õfl¡
Œ¬ıøÂ√› ‰¬±À˘“±º ¤˝√◊Àé¬SÓ¬ ’ªÀ˙… ≈√1√˙«ÀÚ› ’ÀÚfl¡ ¸˝√√±˚˛
fl¡ø1À˘º
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Ôfl¡± ¬ıUÀ¬ı±1 ø‰¬ÀÚ˜±1 øˆ¬Ó¬1Ó¬ Î◊¬À~‡ fl¡ø1¬ı ø¬ı‰¬±ø1ÀÂ√“± ά–
Œ¬ıÊ√¬ı1n∏ª± Â√ø¬ı‡Ú1 fl¡Ô±º 1969 ‰¬ÚÓ¬ ˜≈øMê Œ¬Û±ª± fl¡±˘Ê√˚˛œ
ά– Œ¬ıÊ√¬ı1n∏ª± Â√ø¬ı‡ÀÚ ’¸˜œ˚˛± Â√ø¬ıÊ√·Ó¬1 fl¡±˚˛±fl¡ä˝√◊ ¸˘øÚ
fl¡ø1 ø√øÂ√˘º ¤fl¡ fl¡Ô±Ó¬ fl¡¬ıÕ˘ ·À˘ ¤fl¡ ÚÓ≈¬Ú Ò±1±1 Ê√ij
ø√øÂ√˘ ¤˝√◊ Â√ø¬ı‡ÀÚº Ó¬±À1 ’±·Õ˘Àfl¡ Œ¬ıøÂ√ˆ¬±· ’¸˜œ˚˛±
Œ¬ı±˘Â√ø¬ı ¸±˜±øÊ√fl¡, ¢∂±˜… ’Ô¬ı± ¬Û±ø1¬ı±ø1fl¡ Ê√œªÚ1 ¸˝√√Ê√-
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Œ¬ıÊ√¬ı1n∏ª± ’±øÂ√˘ Ó¬±1 ¸•Û”Ì« ¬ı…øÓ¬S꘺ ¤‡Ú ¸•Û”Ì«
¬ı±øÌøÊ√…fl¡, 1˝√√¸… ’±1n∏ ø˙˝√√1Ìfl¡±1œ Œ1±˜±=fl¡1 fl¡±ø˝√√ÚœÀ1
ˆ¬1¬Û”1 ø¬ı¶ú˚˛fl¡1 Â√ø¬ıº ’±Úøfl¡ Â√ø¬ı‡Ú1 õ∂øÓ¬ÀȬ± ·±Ú Œfl¡ª˘
Œ¸˝√◊ ¸˜˚˛ÀÓ¬˝√◊ Ú˝√√˚˛, ¤øÓ¬˚˛±› ‚À1 ‚À1 ¸˜±ÀÚ Ê√Úøõ∂˚˛ Δ˝√√
’±ÀÂ√º ˝√◊—1±Ê√œÓ¬ ˚±fl¡ ŒÚøfl¡ fl¡˚˛ A Musical Suspense
Thriller...A full time entertainer ’Ô¬ı± ø˝√√μœÓ¬ fl¡˚˛ ¬Û≈1±
paisa wasool// Œ¸˝√◊¸˜˚˛Ó¬ ά– Œ¬ıÊ√¬ı1n∏ª±1 øȬfl¡È¬1 ¬ı±À¬ı
˝√√±˝√√±fl¡±1º ø‰¬ÀÚ˜± ˝√√˘1 ˜±ø˘fl¡ ¬Û鬽√◊ øÚø√«©Ü ’±¸ÚÓ¬Õfl¡›
Œ¬ıøÂ√ øȬfl¡È¬ ø√¬ı ˘·œ˚˛± Δ˝√√øÂ√˘º √˙«Àfl¡ ø‰¬ÀÚ˜±˝√√˘1 ‡È¬‡øȬӬ
’±Úøfl¡ ˜±øȬӬ ¬ıø˝√√ ˝√í√À˘› ø‰¬ÀÚ˜±‡Ú ‰¬±¬ıÕ˘ 1±Ê√œ ’±øÂ√˘º
øfl¡ ’±‰¬ø1Ó¬ ¸Ù¬˘Ó¬±// ά– Œ¬ıÊ√¬ı1n∏ª±˝√◊ Œ¸˝√◊¸˜˚˛Ó¬ ’¸˜Ó¬
ŒÓ¬±˘¬Û±1 ˘·±˝√◊øÂ√˘º
øfl¡c fl¡±1ÌÀȬ± øfl¡∑ ø‰¬ÀÚ˜±‡Ú1 øfl¡ Î◊¬¬Û±√±ÀÚ ˝√◊˜±Ú
Œ˜±ø˝√√Ó¬ fl¡ø1øÂ√˘ 1±˝√◊Ê√fl¡∑
·Ó¬±Ú≈øÓ¬fl¡ Ò±1±1 ¬Û1± Ù¬±˘ø1 fl¡±øȬ ¤fl¡ ÚÓ≈¬Ú ’±À˜Ê√1
¸g±Ú fl¡ø1¬ıÕ˘ ¸≈À˚±· ø√˚˛±ÀȬ±Àª˝√◊ ˝√√˚˛ÀÓ¬± õ∂Ò±Ú fl¡±1Ì ˝√í√¬ıº
’¸˜œ˚˛± Â√ø¬ıÊ√·Ó¬Ó¬ ά– Œ¬ıÊ√¬ı1n∏ª± ¤fl¡ ¬Û1œé¬±˜”˘fl¡ õ∂À˚˛±·
’±øÂ√˘ ˚ø√› ¬ıËÀÊ√Ú ¬ı1n∏ª±À√ª1 Œ¸˝√◊ ¬Û1œé¬± ¬Û≈1±˜±S±˝√◊ ¸Ù¬˘
Δ˝√√øÂ√˘º ά– Œ¬ıÊ√¬ı1n∏ª±1 ø¬ı1±È¬ ¸±Ù¬˘…1 ’±Ú ¤øȬ fl¡±1Ì
Δ˝√√ÀÂ√ ˝√◊˚˛±1 ¸—·œÓ¬º Â√ø¬ı‡Ú1 õ∂øÓ¬ÀȬ± ·œÓ¬ ø‰¬1˚≈·˜œ˚˛±,
’˜1... ’±øÊ√› ¸˜±ÀÚ Ê√Úøõ∂˚˛// ¸—·œÓ¬ øÚÀ√«˙Ú± ’±øÂ√˘
1À˜Ú ¬ı1n∏ª±1 ’±1n∏ fl¡F ø√øÂ√˘ ¡ZœÀ¬ÛÚ ¬ı1n∏ª± ’±1n∏ øÚ˜«˘±
ø˜|˝√◊º ’í ˜˝√◊Ú± Œfl¡±Ú ø¬ıÒ±Ó¬±˝√◊ ¸±øÊ√À˘, øÊ√ø˘fl¡± øÊ√ø˘øfl¡
96
Ó¬1± ’±fl¡±˙À1, øfl¡ Ú±˜ ø√ ˜±øÓ¬˜, Ù≈¬˘ Ù≈¬˘ Ù≈¬˘... õ∂øÓ¬ÀȬ±
·±ÀÚ˝√◊ Œ˚Ú ¤Àfl¡± ¤Àfl¡±È¬± ˜≈fl¡≈Ó¬±// ø˚ ¸˜˚˛Ó¬ ø˝√√μœ ø‰¬ÀÚ˜±ÀÓ¬±
ά¬ı˘ Œ1±˘1 ¸‚Ú õ∂À˚˛±· Œ˝√√±ª± Ú±øÂ√˘, ŒÓ¬øÓ¬˚˛±˝√◊ ά–
Œ¬ıÊ√¬ı1n∏ª±Ó¬ ˜≈‡… ‰¬ø1SÀȬ±fl¡ ά¬ı˘ Œ1±˘Ó¬ Œ√‡≈ª± Δ˝√√øÂ√˘,
Ó¬±Àfl¡± ¸œø˜Ó¬ fl¡±ø1fl¡1œ ¸± ¸≈ø¬ıÒ±À1º õ∂Ô˜¬ı±11 ¬ı±À¬ı ’¸˜œ˚˛±
ø‰¬ÀÚ˜±1 outdoor location shooting Œ¬ıÀ˘· Œ¬ıÀ˘· ͬ±˝√◊Ó¬
fl¡1± Δ˝√√øÂ√˘º ά– Œ¬ıÊ√¬ı1n∏ª±1 fl¡±ø˝√√Úœ, õ∂À˚±Ê√Ú±, øÚÀ√«˙Ú±
’±1n∏ ˜≈‡… ‰¬ø1SÓ¬ ’øˆ¬Ú˚˛ fl¡ø1øÂ√˘ ’¸˜œ˚˛± ø‰¬ÀÚ˜±1
showman ¬ıËÀÊ√Ú ¬ı1n∏ª±º ’Ú… ˜≈‡… ‰¬ø1SÀ¬ı±1Ó¬ ’±øÂ√˘ øÚ¬ÛÚ
Œ·±¶§±˜œ, Œ˜‚±˘œ Œ√ªœ, õ∂øÓ¬ˆ¬± ͬ±fl¡≈1 ’±1n∏ ¤Àfl¡¬ı±À1 ¸1n∏
Œ1±˘ ¤È¬±Ó¬ ’¸˜œ˚˛± ø‰¬ÀÚ˜±1 ‰≈¬¬Û±1 ©Ü±1 ø¬ıÊ√≈ Ù≈¬fl¡ÀÚ›
‰¬fl¡±˜fl¡±Õfl¡ ˆ≈¬˜≈øfl¡ ˜±ø1øÂ√˘º Œ¸˝√◊‡Ú ø¬ıÊ√≈ Ù≈¬fl¡Ú1 õ∂Ô˜
Œ¬ı±˘Â√ø¬ıº
ά– Œ¬ıÊ√¬ı1n∏ª±1 fl¡±ø˝√√Úœ ’øÓ¬ ˜ÀÚ±¢∂±˝√√œº ’øÓ¬ ¸1˘
’±1n∏ ¸±ª˘œ˘ˆ¬±Àª Â√ø¬ı‡Ú1 fl¡±ø˝√√Úœ ’±·¬ı±ÀϬˇº fl¡±ø˝√√Úœ1 ˘·Ó¬
¸—·øÓ¬ 1±ø‡ ¸≈˜Ò≈1 ·œÓ¬À¬ı±À1› √˙«fl¡fl¡ ¬ı±øg 1±À‡º ’fl¡À̱
’±˜øÚ ¬ı± ˚Ô1Ó¬± ŒÚ±À˝√√±ª±Õfl¡ ’±·¬ıϬˇ± fl¡±ø˝√√Úœ1 flv¡±˝√◊À˜'
¸±—‚±øÓ¬fl¡... ’ˆ¬±ªÚœ˚˛º ¤Àfl¡¬ı±À1 fl¡äÚ± fl¡ø1¬ı ŒÚ±ª±1± Œ˙¯∏
‡G...’ôLÓ¬– Œ¸˝√◊¸˜˚˛1 ’¸˜œ˚˛± ø‰¬ÀÚ˜±1 ¬ı±À¬ıº Â√ø¬ı‡Ú Œ˙¯∏
Œ˝√√±ª±1 ø¬ÛÂ√ÀÓ¬± Â√ø¬ı‡Ú1 õ∂øÓ¬ÀȬ± ˜≈˝√”Ó¬«˝√◊ ˜ÚÓ¬ í ¸“±‰¬ ¬ıUª±˝√◊
˚±˚˛º ¬ıUø√ÚÕ˘Àfl¡ ¬Û±&ø˘ ¬Û±&ø˘ Œ1±˜±ø=Ó¬ Δ˝√√ Ôfl¡± ø¬ıÒ1º
Œ¸˝√◊¬ıÂ√1 ά– Œ¬ıÊ√¬ı1n∏ª±˝√◊ Œ|ᬠ’¸˜œ˚˛± ø‰¬ÀÚ˜±1 ¬ı±À¬ı 1±©Ü™œ˚˛
¬Û≈1¶®±1 ¬Û±˝√◊øÂ√˘º ø¬ÛÂ√Õ˘ ά– Œ¬ıÊ√¬ı1n∏ª±1 ø˝√√μœ ø1À˜fl¡ ¤‡ÀÚ±
Δ˝√√øÂ√˘ ˚ø√› ˝√◊˜±Ú ¸Ù¬˘ Ú˝√√í˘º
ά– Œ¬ıÊ√¬ı1n∏ª±1 √À1 ’±Ú Œfl¡˝√◊¬ı±‡ÀÚ± fl¡±˘Ê√˚˛œ ø‰¬ÀÚ˜±
’±øÊ√ ¬Û±˝√√1øÌ1 ·ˆ¬«Ó¬ Œ˝√√1±˝√◊ ˚±¬ı Òø1ÀÂ√º ˆ¬±1Ó¬1 ’Ú… ¬ıU
ˆ¬±¯∏±1 ¬ıU ˆ¬±˘ ˆ¬±˘ Â√ø¬ı Œ¸˝√◊ 1±Ê√…1 Î◊¬√…˜œ fl¡˘±Àõ∂ø˜fl¡
˜˝√√˘ ¬ı± ‰¬1fl¡±11 ¬Û‘á¬À¬Û±¯∏fl¡Ó¬±Ó¬ ¸—1øé¬Ó¬ Δ˝√√ÀÂ√º Ó¬±1
ø¬ı¬Û1œÀÓ¬ Î◊¬ø‰¬Ó¬ ¸—1é¬Ì1 ’ˆ¬±ªÓ¬ ’¸˜œ˚˛± ø‰¬ÀÚ˜± Ê√·Ó¬1
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Œ¬ı˚˛± Δ˝√√ ˚±¬ı Òø1ÀÂ√º ά– Œ¬ıÊ√¬ı1n∏ª±, ‰¬±À˜ø˘ Œ˜˜‰¬±˝√√±¬ı, ¤1±
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ø¬ı‰¬±ø1ÀÂ√“±º ¤fl¡-fl¡ø¬ıÓ¬±1 õ∂øÓ¬ Œ˜±1 Œfl¡±ÀÚ± ø¬ı1±· Ú±˝√◊ ˚ø√›
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Ó¬Ô±ø¬Û› Œ˜±1 ˜Ó¬1 ˘·Ó¬ ¬ıUÓ¬À1 ˜Ó¬ ˝√◊øÓ¬˜ÀÒ… ø˜ø˘ÀÂ√
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Œ¬ıøÂ√º fl¡±1ÌÀȬ± ¤Àfl¡¬ı±À1 ¸1˘ñ ì˜˝√◊ ¬ı≈øÊ√ Œ¬Û±ª± Ú±˝√◊
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Œ˜·±øÊ√Ú ’±ø˝√√ ’±˜±1 Ó¬±Ó¬ Œ1øάº ’±1n∏ ’±˜±1 øÚÊ√1‡Ú1
fl¡±˜ ’±Ò±› Œ˝√√±ª±Õ· Ú±˝√◊º Œ¸À˚˛À˝√√ fl¡±À1± ˜ø1¬ıÕ˘ ¸˜˚˛
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’±À¬ıø˘ ‰¬±ø1˜±Ú ¬ı±øÊ√ÀÂ√º ’±À¬ıø˘ ˜±ÀÚ õ∂±˚˛ ·Ò”ø˘À˚˛˝√◊
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Ó¬±1 ¬Û±Â√Ó¬ øfl¡Ó¬±¬Û ≈√‡Ú˜±Ú ‰¬±˜ ’±1n∏ ‚”ø1 ’±À˝√√“±ÀÓ¬

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ì’À˙±fl¡±î1 Ù¬±À˘› ¬Û±fl¡ ¤È¬± ˜±ø1˜º ·Ò”ø˘ Œ·±˘±¬Ûœ
˜±˚˛±Ê√±˘1 ˜±Ê√Ó¬ Ê√œªÚÀȬ±fl¡ ø¬ı‰¬ø1 Œ‰¬±ª±1 ˜±√fl¡Ó¬± Œ¬ıÀ˘·º
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˘±ø·¬ı ‰¬±À·º ˜±Ú¸1 ˘·Ó¬ ‰¬±ø˘˚˛± ŒÊ√Àfl¡È¬ ¤È¬± ’±ÀÂ√, ø¸ÀȬ±
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fl¡˜Ú1n∏˜Ó¬ ˜±øÓ¬ÀÂ√º Ê√˘ƒø√ ’±˝√√îº ˝√√ͬ±» fl¡±À1±¬ı±1 ø‰¬¤û1Ó¬
˜˝√◊ ¬Û±Ú¬ıÊ√±11 ¬Û1± ’±ø˝√√ ø‰¬Ò± Œ˝√√±À©Ü˘1 1n∏˜1 ’±·1 ¬ı±1±G±
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˜˝√◊ Œ¬ı±À˘± ¤ÀÚ˝√◊ ’“±fl¡ ¬ı“±fl¡ fl¡À1“± ’±1n∏ øfl¡˜±Ú ˆ¬±˘ Œ¬ı˚˛±
Œ¸˚˛± Ú±Ê√±ÀÚ±º ŒÓ¬øÓ¬˚˛± ≈√Ê√Ú˜±Ú ø‰¬øÚ˚˛À1 ¬ı≈Ê√±˝√◊ fl¡íÀ˘ Œ˚
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Œfl¡˝√◊Ȭ±˜±Ú1 ¬ı±À¬ı Œ¶®Â√ ¬ıÚ±¬ı ˘±À·º fl¡íˆ¬±1 Œ¬ÛÊ√ ˝√◊øÓ¬˜ÀÒ…
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Δ· ŒÊ√¬Û1 ¬Û˝√◊‰¬± ‡1‰¬ fl¡ø1 ø˚ÀȬ± ¬Û±˜ Œ¸˝√◊ ¤Àfl¡È¬± ¬ıd ˚ø√
1±˝√◊ÀÊ√ ø√À˚˛ ’±1n∏ ˘·ÀÓ¬ 1±˝√◊Ê√1 ’Ô«±» Œ˝√√±À©Ü˘1 fl¡±˜ ¤È¬±Ó¬
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Œ¬ıøÂ√ ˆ¬±˘º ·øÓ¬Àfl¡ ¬Û±Ú¬ıÊ√±1 ’±Î◊¬È¬ ’±1n∏ fl¡˜Ú1n∏˜ ˝√◊Úº
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Œfl¡±ÀÚ±¬ı± ˘í1±1 fl¡±ø˝√√Úœ ¤È¬±À1 ·ä ¤È¬± ’±ÀÂ√º Ó¬±1 Œ¶®Â√ÀȬ±
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˜±Ó¬ ˘·±À˘ Œ˚ ì’±ÀÂ√ Œ¬ı±¬Û±, ¤˚˛± ˘ ’±1n∏ ¬ıÚ±ºî ’Õ¬ıÒ
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쌩܉¬Ú Δ· ˝√◊ø?ÚÀȬ± ’˘¬Û Ȭ±øÚ ’±À˝√√“± ¬ıí˘îñ ¤Ê√Ú
ø‰¬øÚ˚˛À1 ˜±Ó¬ ˘·±À˘º fl¡í¬ıÕ˘ ¬Û±˝√√ø1ÀÂ√± Œ˚ 1n∏˜ÀȬ±Ó¬ Œ˜±fl¡
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Ô±øfl¡À˘ ˜±Ê√ÀÓ¬ ŒÈ¬±¬ÛøÚ ˆ¬±ø„√√¬ı1 ¬ı±À¬ı &ª±˝√√±È¬œ Œ1˘Àª
Œ©Ü‰¬ÚÕ˘ Δ· ‰¬±˝√√ ¤fl¡±¬Û ‡±˝√◊ ’˝√√±ÀÓ¬± ¤È¬± ¬Û1•Û1±˝√◊ ¬ı≈ø˘¬ı
¬Û±ø1º Œfl¡˝√◊¬ı±È¬±› ¤Àfl¡˘· Δ˝√√ Œ©Ü‰¬ÚÕ˘ Œ˚±ª± ˝√√˚˛º ‰¬±˝√√ Ó¬±˝√√
‡±˝√◊ ¬Û”1± ŒÙˬÂ√ Δ˝√√ ’±ø˝√√ Œ˝√√±À©Ü˘1 ŒÈ¬¬ı≈˘Ó¬ ’±Àfl¡Ã ¬ÛøϬˇ¬ıÕ˘
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˚±˚˛/ øfl¡c Œ©Ü‰¬Ú ˚±¬ı˝√◊ ˘±ø·¬ıº ·øÓ¬Àfl¡ Œ¸˝√◊ø√Ú±› ·íÀ˘±
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‡È¬˜ fl¡ø1¬ı ˘±ø·¬ı ¬ı±: [’ù≠œ˘]îñ Œ©Ü‰¬Ú1 ¬Û1± ‚”ø1
’±À˝√√“±ÀÓ¬ ¤Ê√Ú ø‰¬øÚ˚˛À1 fl¡íÀ˘º
’±ø˜ ’±ø˝√√ ’±Àfl¡Ã fl¡±˜Ó¬ Òø1À˘±ø˝√√º Œ˜±1 Œ¶®Â√1 fl¡±˜
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ìÔ±˜«ífl¡˘Ó¬ ŒÙ¬øˆ¬fl¡˘ ˘À·±ª±Ó¬Õfl¡ ŒÎ¬ÚE±˝√◊Ȭ ˘·±¬ı ¬Û±ø1
Œ√À‡±Úº ŒÎ¬ÚE±˝√È◊ ¬1 ’±Í¬± ŒÙ¬øˆ¬fl¡˘Ó¬Õfl¡ ˆ¬±˘ºîñ˜˝√◊ fl¡íÀ˘±
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Œ¬ıÀ˘· ¤Ê√ÀÚ fl¡íÀ˘ Î◊¬M√√1Ó¬º õ∂fl¡±G øfl¡Ó¬±¬Û ¤‡Ú Œ˜ø˘
ÔíÀ˘ ˜±Ê√ˆ¬±· ›¬Û1Õ˘ Î◊¬øͬ Ô±Àfl¡ ’±1n∏ fl¡±¯∏1 Ù¬±˘Õ˘ ά±Î◊¬Ú
Δ˝√√ Ô±Àfl¡º øͬfl¡ ŒÓ¬ÀÚfl≈¡ª± Œù´¬Û ø√ Ô±˜«ífl¡˘ fl¡±øȬ ˘À·±ª±
Δ˝√√ÀÂ√º ’±Ò± ˆ¬„√√± 1„√√œÚ ‡±1n∏ø¬ı˘±fl¡ ˜±Ê√ˆ¬±·Ó¬ Ô±˜«ífl¡˘Ó¬
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Œ¬ıøÂ√ Œ¬ÛÊ√1 øfl¡Ó¬±¬Û ¶Û±˝√◊À1˘ ¬ı±˝√◊øG— fl¡1±1 ¬Û±Â√Ó¬ Œ˜ø˘
ø√À˘ Œ˚ÀÚfl¡≈ª± Œ√ø‡ U¬ıU ŒÓ¬ÀÚfl¡≈ª± ˘≈fl¡ ø√˚˛± Δ˝√√ÀÂ√º ª±˘
Œ˜·±øÊ√Ú1 ¤Àfl¡¬ı±À1 ›¬Û1Ó¬ Œ˜·±øÊ√Ú1 Ú±˜ÀȬ±1 Ó¬˘ÀÓ¬
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fl¡íˆ¬±1 Œ¬ÛÊ√‡Ú ¬ı1 ˜ÀÚ±À˜±˝√√±Õfl¡ fl¡ø1ÀÂ√ ’±˜±1 Œ˝√√±À©Ü˘À1
’1n∏̱‰¬˘1 ¤Ê√Ú ø‰¬øÚ˚˛À1º ‰¬±›“ÀÓ¬ ‰¬±›“ÀÓ¬ Œ˜±À1± fl¡±˜ ˝√√í˘Õ·
’±1n∏ ’±˜±1 Œ˜·±øÊ√ÀÚ± Œ˜±È¬±˜≈øȬ Œ1øά ˝√√í˘Õ·º 1±˝√◊ÀÊ√
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Œ˜·±øÊ√Ú‡Ú1 ¬ı±›“Ù¬±À˘ Ó¬˘Õ˘ ’˘¬Û ŒÊ√·± ‡±ø˘ Δ˝√√ ’±ÀÂ√º
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Œ√˝√±ÀȬ± Œ˝√√“ø‰¬ ’±øÚÀÂ√º ·øÓ¬Àfl¡ Œ¬ıøÂ√ ˜±Ô± Ú±˜±ø1 1±˝√◊Ê√fl¡
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øfl¡Â≈√ ¸˜˚˛1 ¬Û±Â√Ó¬º
q˝√◊ Î◊¬Àͬ±ÀÓ¬ ˚ÀÔ©Ü Œ√ø1 ˝√√í˘ Œ˜±1º õ∂±˚˛ √˝√ ˜±ÀÚ˝√◊
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Δ· Œ√À‡“± Œ˚ ¬Û”Ê√±1 ˜G¬Û1 ›‰¬1Ó¬ ≈√˝√◊ ¤Ê√Ú ¬ı±√ ø√ ¬ı±fl¡œ
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Δ·ÀÂ√º ‰¬¬ıÀ1 ˆ¬±˘ Δ˝√√ÀÂ√º Œ˜±1 øfl¡c ¬ı±fl¡œ fl¡±À1±À1
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’±˜±1 øÚÊ√ 1 ª±˘ Œ˜·±øÊ√ Ú ‡Ú1 ›‰¬1 ¬Û±À˘“ ± ø˝√ √ º
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My Heart Melts... fl¡ø¬ı Trinayan Bora. ˜”1ÀȬ± øfl¡¬ı±
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ŒÓ¬øÓ¬˚˛± Œ˜±1 ˝√√+√˚˛ ·À˘
ø¬ı¯∏±√1 Œ‰¬±fl¡± Ò±À1 È≈¬fl¡≈1± È≈¬fl¡≈1 fl¡À1 Œ˜±fl¡...
’±1n∏ Œ˜±1ÀȬ± fl¡ø1 ø√˚˛± ˝√√í˘ ¤ÀÚÒ1Ì1ñ
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When heavy darkness falls hereon
Earth
My heart melts.
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Mine you know?...
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˜˝√◊ ¤È¬± fl¡Ô± ¬ı≈øÊ√ Ú±¬Û±À˘“± Œ˚ 1±˝√◊ÀÊ√ Œfl¡ÀÚÕfl¡ ¬ı≈øÊ√ ¬Û±À˘/
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Δ˝√√ÀÂ√ ¤˝√◊ ¸fl¡˘1 &̺ Ô˘≈ª± ’¸˜œ˚˛± ’±˝√√±1 ¬ı≈ø˘À˘
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˜±—¸º Preserved Foods ¬ı≈ø˘À˘ ’±˜±1 ˜±Ú≈À˝√√ ’Ó¬œÊ√1
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Ê√±˜«±Úœ1 ¬ÛÔ1 √“±øÓ¬1 ¬Û≈øÔˆ“¬1±˘

’±1n∏ øfl¡Â≈√ ’Ú≈ˆ¬ª...
Œ1‡± ¬ı1fl¡È¬fl¡œ, Œ˚±1˝√√±È¬
ŒÙ¬±Ú – 9706221011

2020 ‰¬Ú1 ˜±Ê√ˆ¬±·ÀÓ¬ Œ˜±1 ˝√◊Î◊¬À1±¬Û ˜˝√√±À√˙1
Ê√±˜«±ÚœÓ¬ ¤˜±˝√√˜±Ú ø√Ú Ôfl¡±1 Œ¸Ãˆ¬±·… Δ˝√√øÂ√˘/ ŒÂ√±ª±˘œ
’±1n∏ ŒÊ√“±ª±˝√◊ Ó¬±ÀÓ¬ Ôfl¡±1 ¬ı±À¬ı ˜˝√◊ ’±1n∏ Œ˜±1 |œ˜±Ú ’±˜±1
≈√À˚˛±À1 Œ¸˝√◊ ¸≈μ1 ͬ±˝√◊ ø¬ıÀ˙¯∏1 ‹øÓ¬˝√√… ¬Û1•Û1±1 Δ¸ÀÓ¬
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’±˜±1 ͬ±˝√◊À¬ı±11 ¬ıÓ¬11 ’fl¡À̱ ø˜˘ Ú±˝√◊º ’¸˜1 Œ¬ı±fl¡±-
¬Û±Úœ ·Â√fl¡± ˙±›Ú1 ¬ÛÔ±1‡ÚÕ˘ ¬ı1Õfl¡ ˜ÚÓ¬ ¬Ûø1øÂ√˘º Ú-
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Œ√ª± fl¡ø1¬ı Òø1øÂ√˘º Œ¸˝√◊ø√Ú± Œ˚Ú ˜˝√◊ ¤Àfl¡± fl¡±˜ÀÓ¬ ˜Ú
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Ú±˝√◊º Œfl¡±ÀÚ› ’¬ı±¬ıÀÓ¬ Ù¬˘-Ù≈¬˘À¬ı±1 øÂ√ø„√√ Ú©Ü› Úfl¡À1/
’±˜±1 Œ√˙1 √À1 √ø1^Ó¬±1 ¸œ˜±À1‡±1 Ó¬˘Ó¬ ˜±Ú≈˝√ ¤Àfl¡¬ı±À1
Ú±À˚˛˝√◊ ¬ı≈ø˘¬ı ¬Û±ø1º Œ¸˝√◊À˚˛ ¬ı±ÀȬ ¬ÛÀÔ Ôfl¡± ·Â√-ø¬ıø1‡À¬ı±À1
˙±øôLÀ1 Ê√œ˚˛±˝√◊ Ô±øfl¡¬ı ¬Û±À1º ˝√√±ÀÓ¬ Ï≈¬øfl¡ Œ¬Û±ª±ÀÓ¬ Œ‰¬1œ1
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Œ˘±ˆ¬ ¸±˜ø1¬ı ŒÚ±ª±ø1À˘“±º ’¬Û”¬ı« Œ¸±ª±ˆ¬1± ˜„√√˝√±˘ Œ‰¬1œ
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Δ· ‰¬fl¡≈Ó¬ ¬Ûø1˘ ≈√Ȭ± ˙fl¡Ó¬ fl¡±Í¬1 fl¡≈G± øÔ˚˛Õfl¡ 1±ø‡ ›¬Û1Ó¬
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≈√ª±1 ¤Àfl¡±‡Ú ø√ Ó¬˘± ˘À·±ª± ’±ÀÂ√ øfl¡c ‰¬±ø¬ıÀfl¡˝√◊Ȭ± fl¡±¯∏ÀÓ¬
ŒÔ±ª± ’±ÀÂ√º fl¡±¯∏ÀÓ¬ ¬ıø˝√√¬ı1 ¬ı±À¬ı Œ¬ı= ’±1n∏ ŒÎ¬' ≈√À˚±1˜±Ú
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of Venice øfl¡Ó¬±¬Û‡Ú ø˘ø1øfl¡-ø¬ı√±ø1 ’±øÂ√˘º ’±ø˜ fl¡±¯∏ ‰¬±ø¬Û
Œ˚±ª± Œ√ø‡ ¸≈μ1œ ’±˝√◊Ó¬± ·1±fl¡œÀ˚˛ ¶§ˆ¬±ª ¸”˘ˆ¬ ˝√√“±ø˝√√ ¤øȬÀ1
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’±√1 fl¡1±1 ¬Û1± ø¬ı1Ó¬ Ô±øfl¡¬ı ˘·œ˚˛± ˝√√˚˛/
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fl¡Ô±˝√◊ ’±˜±1 ˜ÚÕ˘ ’±À˝√√º ’±ø˜ øfl¡Ó¬±¬Û ¬ÛϬˇ±ÀȬ± Δ√ÚøμÚ
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108
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 C O N T E N T S

Balloons, Pistols and the Sacred Ramkha Peeth

Pallavika Barthakur // 115
Russian Salad for Europe Arjun Bhattacharya // 118
Happy Teachers’ Day Prof Amartya Sen! Happy Birthday, Sir!
Diganta Saikia // 121
Exercises for your Mind Mukesh Sharma // 124 Chief Advisor–
Phanindra Kumar
On-the-Spot Art and Essay Writing Competition for Kids Devchoudhury
Dr. Monideepa Das (On behalf of Team Uruli) // 128
Chief Editor–
Idiosyncratic Impressions Anneshan Sarmah // 131 Sushanta J. Sarmah

Durga Puja : Drenched in Sweet Childhood Memories Editor–

Maitrayee Chaliha // 134 Assamese Section
Luitjyoti
Margaret and the Kopou Phul Vijayalakshmi Kutty // 136
Assoc. Editor–
Importance of Property Document Verification Bhupali Patgiri // 138 Ranju Sharma
Global Assamese Entrepreneurship Forum Anjana Bordoloi // 141 Editor–
Rediscover Yourself through Yoga Papori Sharma // 143 English Section
Rasna Baruah
The Crow’s Nest Lovely Dutta Prusty // 146
Editor–
The Modern Day ˆ¬√1œ Dr. Monideepa Das // 149 Kannada Section
Soumya Bhagwat
The Treasure Vikrant Saikia // 153
Assoc. Editor–
Good over Evil Orgha Goswami // 154
Preethi Arjunagi
The Natural Beauty of Assam Akanksha Borah // 155
Cover Planning
Rhinoceros– My favorite animal of Assam Vikrant Saikia // 156 Luitjyoti

Some great things of Karnataka that I would like to see happening in Cover Design
Assam Abhijay Sarmah // 157 Arup Borkotoky
DTP Setting
Memorable learning and funny moments spent in my home state Assam Sofura Publications
Ananya Saharia // 160
Advisors
Some great things of Karnataka that I would like to see happening in Dr. Monideepa Das
Assam Shreeya Phokon // 162 Mukesh Sharma

Memorable learning and funny moments spent in my home state Assam Chief Patron
Drithi Das // 163 D. C. Borkotoky

Memorable learning and funny moments spent in my home state Assam Printing
Nimisha Lahon //164 Saraighat Phto Types

Memorable learning and funny moments spent in my home state Assam

Nabarni Das // 165 Published by
Ranjan Goswami
on behalf of Assam
Association Bangalore
Editorial
On the auspicious occasion of Durga Puja, the Uruli family wishes all its readers
a life filled with divine blessings. Let us pray that the blessings of the Goddess
help us find hope and strength in our hearts as we meet life’s small and big
challenges.
This edition of Uruli is a tapestry of nostalgic memories, information and tips,
joyful colours and so much more. For the first time, we have a special section for
our Kannada readers. It has been a long time coming but we have finally met that
challenge!
Our children’s section will surprise you with its collection of writing and artwork.
Young minds can straddle so many worlds today, perhaps forced by the times they
are growing up in. It is up to us to help them navigate their way through their
confusions and challenges in a way that doesn’t stifle them, but allows them to
nurture and chase their dreams with conviction, and live their lives with compassion.
Many of our readers will relive their childhood Durga Puja memories along with
our writers as they take you through the joys of pandal hopping, eating at roadside
stalls, shopping for new clothes and lots more. For the knowledge seekers, did you
know that Assam has more than one Shakti peeth? I was pleasantly surprised to
read about Ramka peeth near Jorhat.
Meanwhile, while preparing for the festive season, if you have been feeling the
need for something to shake you out of your OTT stupor so carefully cultivated
over the last two years of working and studying from home, don’t miss the mental
exercises we have laid out for you. They are designed to stretch your mental
abilities!
Parts of Bangalore have recently been through severe water logging problems and
raised many troublesome questions. In the midst of these dark discussions, our
college student contributor has put things in perspective when he writes about why
he moved to Bangalore to study and perhaps work later. It is indeed a time to look
inward and ponder before we see only grey all around us.
Enjoy the read!

114
 Balloons, Pistols and
the Sacred Ramkha Peeth
Pallavika Barthakur
“Puja…mathu puja” – someone rightly used
these words for the famous Assamese song related
to Durga Puja. This is not just a festival, but a
warm tender emotion for many. When autumn
begins, one can smell it in the air, the mist of the
season, the festive looks of the market, and the
excitement of welcoming Maa Durga.
For me, whenever the weather spills the
autumn mist in Bangalore, my current home, my
mind immediately floats back to the aura of puja
115
in Jorhat, my hometown. People from Jorhat
understand the sentiment of being a Jorhatian.
Jorhat is a small town that has everything in it –
relatives, friends, traditions and culture,
educational institutes, central laboratories, a tea
research institute, sacred places and tourist
destinations. In fact, many famous personalities
of Assam are connected with this beautiful city in
some way or other. When the topic of Jorhat crops
up among Jorhatians in any part of the world, it
becomes a never ending one; especially when it
is about Durga Puja!
I had a beautiful childhood with a big group
of 11 cousins. I grew up in a joint family before
shifting to campus life for my parents’ work needs,
and because of that, we cousins became very close.
When we all had to move to different places, our
grandparents made a rule that we would all be
together during festivals. During such times, while
our parents were busy chatting, cooking and
shopping, our eldest Borpita and Borma (father’s
elder brother and his wife) would take charge of
all the kids and hence they were our favourite
guardians. Our first outing with them during puja
used to be to the Jorhat Puja Mandir, also called
Theatre Hall Puja, our favourite place during those
times.
I can still remember the aura there. The hall
was large with a pandal to extend it even more.
Maa Durga with Ma Lakshmi, Ma Saraswati,
Ganesha and Kartika adorned the stage in front
of the hall and many purohits would be doing the
puja vidhis simultaneously. People offered their
prayers as soon as they entered the hall. We used
to be very excited and compared the pretty faces
of Devi Ma’s idol every year, expecting a more
beautiful pratima year after year. The ladies sat
inside on the carpeted floor, while on another
side, all the aitas (grandmothers) sat singing Durga
naam one after another on the microphones. I
was always so excited to meet my Aitama
(maternal grandmother) there as she sat and sang
naam. She was the sweetest lady in my life who
probably loved me more than my mother! The
men folk would sit in the extended pandal just
outside the hall. I very excitedly met all my
relatives, second or third cousins, family friends
and school friends with their families. Tasty bhog
was always served generally comprising lucee-
bhaji with sweet tomato chutney and paayox
(kheer). We now try to create feel similar feelings
during our Assam Association Bangalore’s yearly
Durga Puja.
After completing Devi darshan and
116
socialising in the mandap for some time, the best
part would begin – walking on the road with my
cousins and Borpita-Borma amidst the special puja
hawker stalls along JB road. Our favourite stalls
were those selling balloons of all kinds like xaap
(snake) balloons, pani (water) balloons, futfutiya
(dotted) balloons, toy pistols and guli (bullets),
whistles, sokoris (hand paper windmills), doorbins
(binoculars), toy phones and cameras, squeaky
toys, the throw ring-and-win stalls – an endless
list that attracted all the children and made them
cry until they were bought a few. We got on to
cycle rickshaws to visit some more mandaps and
ended the puja day trip by clicking a group photo
in a photo studio. Night trips were usually with
our parents. It began with witnessing evening artis
and then pandal hopping. Our parents had to be
really alert so that no kids got lost in the puja
crowd.
Another such memorable day is Doxomi, the
day of bisarjan when our whole family would go
out and stand at a viewing point, often at a known
shop either in Gar Ali and AT Road to witness
the Devi bisarjan procession. Though we used to
be sad on the last day, our elders made us happy
by buying us jalebis and singras (samosas) on
the way back.
***
Ramka Peeth
I would like to mention another puja
destination of our family, the Ramkha peeth /
Shakti peeth on the suburbs of Dikhowmukh in
Sibsagar district. The responsibility to run and
manage this peeth or Ramkha Devaloy was given
to my paternal family (Barthakur) by the Ahom
kings long ago. Most people are aware of Ma
Kamakhya Peeth, but Ramkha Peeth is another
such pious place. It is said that when Lord Shiva
carried Devi Sati’s lifeless body on his shoulders
all through the world and when Lord Vishnu sent
his Sudarshan chakra to dismember Devi Sati’s
body to make Mahadev realise that his wife was
no more, three such pieces fell in Assam. One in
Upper Assam at Tambeshwari, one in Lower
Assam at Kamakhya and another one in middle
Assam at Ramkha Peeth. In this peeth, people
say a part of Devi Sati’s chest fell. It is always
kept covered by a red cloth with sindur applied
on it.
Other than the daily puja-archana offered at
this peeth, during Durga puja, bali/sacrifice of
goats and ducks is still done in the bali xaal
(designated place for sacrifice) though such
sacrifices are not followed in many Devi temples
nowadays.
This is believed to be a very powerful temple.
Each year, Durga Puja is celebrated here very
grandly. On Saptami and Astami days, huge
crowds of devotees gather here. Many from
Dhemaji and North Lakhimpur cross the
Pallavika Barthakur lives in Bangalore and can
be reached at pallavikabarthakur@gmail.com
117
Brahmaputra in boats to join the gatherings. No
idols are brought here during Durga Puja but the
peeth, as seen in the picture above, is worshipped.
Another interesting fact about this place is
the presence of the Deogharia Naamghar.
Generally, Vaishnavite places of worship like
Naamghar, and Shakti worshipping places where
the Devi is worshipped is never so close to each
other. The presence of both at this place is quite
unique.
There is a Tribeni Sangam near the temple.
Three rivers join here, the Brahmaputra, the
Goriajan and the Dikhow rivers. The sangam is a
beautiful sight from the river bank near Ramkha
Peeth.
Durga Puja definitely brings back fond
memories. Here I have tried to bring alive some
of my memories for you!
 Russian Salad for Europe
Arjun Bhattacharya

Germany closed its nuclear power plants and announced its decision to use
renewable energy sources only. Here is an insight into the repercussions of
taking such a decision. Is Greenpeace biased? Get your answers here.

The unprecedented mayhem and disorder of
the pandemic is finally showing some letup, except
perhaps for China where lockdowns are still de
rigueur, and governments and the public are
beginning to take it in stride. From the slippery
precipice of uncertain foreboding, the worst
hopefully is behind us.
Afghanistan crisis– does anyone care anymore?
However, globally crisis seems to be in over-
supply. First to emerge was the Afghanistan crisis
triggered by the overnight withdrawal of the US
forces leaving the Afghan people at the mercy of
the repressive Taliban. Hundreds died trying to
escape the vengeful wrath of the incoming clutches
of the despotic regime drawing wide-spread
condemnation and flagellation from the world.
The world’s anguish has long lost its fuel and
Afghanistan has practically faded from public
conscience. It’s not surprising as the fallout doesn’t
seem to have material consequence for the
developed world where opinion matters.

118
Germany’s energy policy foretells a cold winter
The Ukraine war that followed soon after is
albeit at a different league altogether. For the
ordinary prosperous European, accustomed to
living in security and comfort, the ruination is
not in some faraway place in the Middle East or
Asia. Instead, the game of geo-politics has brought
its fire home. This has consequences for energy
security and climate change policies.
Let us take the case of Germany, Europe’s
largest economy and the world’s fourth largest
economy following the US, China, and Japan.
Due to its over dependence on Russian gas, it is
teetering on the brink of a severe energy crisis.
With Russia reducing its gas supply, Germans are
looking at the barrel of a gun that threatens to
leave them with a cold and dark winter. Hundreds
of thousands will risk life-freezing conditions.
However, more than the Russians, a large part of
its problem is self-inflicted driven by an elitist
but unsound energy policy.
It all began when Germany decided to close
119
its nuclear power plants on the wake of the
Fukushima nuclear incident following a major
earthquake and tsunami off the coast of Japan.
This probably was not warranted as Germany is
not prone to earthquakes like Japan. Perhaps it
felt emboldened by the rapid capacity growth in
renewables – wind and solar over the last 20 years.
The world heralded Germany’s environmental
stewardship with most publicly stating intent to
follow suit. Climate change exponents doubled
down their campaign to set targets for the rest of
the world to follow suit. However, it hid one
inconvenient and practical truth – energy
generation from renewables is intermittent and
not constant like it is from coal or gas. Hence,
during times when the sun was low or the wind
was not blowing, Germany compensated for the
gap in energy production with gas-fired power
plants. The gas would come at relatively cheap
rates from Russia to Germany through Nord
Stream, an offshore natural gas pipeline under
the Baltic Sea. Now, as Russia cuts off supply,
these power plants are left without fuel thereby
disrupting energy supplies massively throughout
Germany as renewables just cannot always deliver
enough electricity. If only the Germans had
remained prudent and not hastened the retirement
of their nuclear generation capacity, they could
have completely averted this crisis.
As a result, electricity price has risen sharply
in Germany with no signs of easing.
Rising energy prices will undoubtedly cast
its shadow on the economy. Cost of goods,
transport and living will continue to increase and
give rise to inflation. This will have spill-over
effects with the most apparent ones on the buying
power of the Euro.
The general worsening of the eurozone’s
outlook amid soaring gas prices and the oversized
reliance of major economies such as Germany
Arjun lives in Bangalore and can be reached at
arjunkb@yahoo.com
120
and Italy on Russian gas has spooked investors,
with economists forecasting a much quicker and
more painful recession in the euro area than in
the US. As a consequence, the dollar is
strengthening and for the first time it has gone
past the Euro in parity.
It is not hard to imagine that in the not-too-
distant future, as far as energy is concerned,
America stands to gain as it finds a large market
in Germany for its shale gas at Russia’s expense
and Germany’s lop-sided pursuit of green energy.
The other two large economics of Europe,
UK and France, will escape this predicament. UK
because its energy supplies are secure from its
North Sea fields, and France mainly due to its
robust nuclear generation capacity.
It’s Italy and Germany that will have to face
the music. How they negotiate this will have
bearings on climate change policies. We already
hear Greenpeace announce that given the
seriousness of the current situation (read West
European energy crisis), they will not oppose more
coal-fired plants being brought online. This is self-
serving if not downright hypocritical. As long as
those coal-fired plants were in China or India, the
opposition from Greenpeace and their ilk to fight
climate change was vehement. Now when their
own backyard is threatened, the tone and tenor
has changed.
The lesson for the rest of the world is not
difficult to see– don’t pander to the gallery by
pursuing impractical policies that can leave you
vulnerable to whims and fancies of others, know to
secure your interests in a just but firm manner.
 Happy Teachers’ Day
Prof Amartya Sen! Happy Birthday, Sir!
Diganta Saikia

I was chatting with Nandana Sen a few weeks

back. She is almost at the fag end of her career
break from the silver screen, and will soon be
back to acting. Nandana has the unique distinction
of being an acclaimed actress and a litterateur,
and also happens to be the daughter of Nobel
laureate and revered teacher Prof Amartya Sen
and late intellectual Dr Nabaneeta Deb Sen.
Apart from some interesting titbits, I inquired
about Sir’s health along with his current
engagement. Prof Sen is stepping into his 90th
year early November. She smiled and said, “As
fit as ever, and of course, no sign of retiring”. In
fact, Prof Sen told some of his friends recently,
“The thought of retirement has never crossed my
mind because I always picked up whatever
interests me, never had to force myself to work,
and so never felt I was working”!
For young students like us, Prof Amartya
Sen was, and will always be, an icon, a genius,
and a brilliant mind in action. However, Sir could
appear deceptively simple to his audience at times,

121
which we had to be careful about!
Prof Robert Solow of MIT (1979 Nobel
laureate in Economics) has perhaps the most
suitable description reserved for Prof Sen when
he calls him the conscience of the profession!
Apart from the numerous awards that he has
received over the years including Nobel Prize for
Economic Sciences (1998), Bharat Ratna (1999),
and Princess of Asturias Award (2021), he also
probably holds the world record for maximum
number of honorary doctorates (90 plus and still
counting). His first PhD was under the supervision
of the ‘brilliant but vigorously intolerant’
Cambridge economist Joan Robinson on The
Choice of Techniques.
I must take the readers through some
interesting anecdotes at this stage.
Prof Sen was invited to speak at a prestigious
event as a keynote speaker in a leading university
in Europe. The protocol of the university was
that, while delivering the speech, the speaker
needed to read from the papers in his hand. Sir
spoke for more than an hour to a captivating
audience. And lo and behold, a member of the
audience discovered at the end of his acclaimed
speech that all the papers were blank!
His accomplished PhD student and my
revered teacher Prof Kaushik Basu, currently at
Cornell, and formerly a Chief Economic Adviser
to the Govt of India, fondly remembers how his
fellow classmates at London School of Economics
(LSE) were mesmerized by Prof Sen’s magnetic
presence and when he was teaching, a frequent
sight was that of students from other disciplines
peeping through the window sills of his classroom!
Such was his popularity and charisma that he was
always the talk of the university.
On another occasion, Prof Sen was invited
to give an inaugural talk at a university in France.
He was teaching at Oxford at that time. When the
organisers saw that the size of the audience could
match the reception for a Hollywood star, they
shifted the venue to a big public lecture hall of
the university from the departmental conference
122
room. However, the audience still could not be
accommodated in the biggest hall of the varsity.
Finally, they had to shift the venue to a cinema
hall of the town!
I was having lunch with a senior IAS officer
a couple of years ago. He had been to the Kennedy
School of Government at Harvard to attend a 1-
year programme on public policy and
administration. This is a prestigious programme
and generally brilliant IAS officers are selected
to attend this programme purely based on merit.
In Harvard, spouses of the students are allowed
to attend any program if they desire so. He fondly
recalled, “All the front benches of Prof Sen’s
classes were occupied by our spouses, much to
our amusement!”
Prof Amartya has taught at:
- Oxford, his longest stint as Drummond
Professor
- Cambridge, last as Master, Trinity College
before returning to Harvard in 2004
- London School of Economics
- Harvard, Thomas Lamont W University
Professor and Professor of Economics and
Philosophy
- Delhi School of Economics
- Jadavpur University, where he was the
youngest Head of Dept. of Economics at
age 23 while still being a PhD student at
Cambridge officially. He had finished most
of his research work by then. He still holds
that record at Jadavpur University.
Although he has spent a major part of his
life teaching in the US and UK – since 1972 – he
is more Indian than anyone I know of. He is still
an Indian citizen and refused citizenship of many
countries. One gentleman once dared to ask him
about his Indianness/patriotism. Poor guy! Prof
Sen invited the gentleman to converse with him
in Sanskrit! In fact, he has translated some of the
great Sanskrit works of his grandfather, the
illustrious Sanskrit scholar Kshiti Mohan Sen.
Once, Prof Sen was waiting in a long queue
at the passport office for renewing his passport.
Economist Arjun Sengupta, who was also waiting
at the same queue, asked him why he had still not
taken the citizenship of US. At least, that could
save him from standing in these long queues at
Indian passport offices every 10 years. Prof Sen
looked at him said, “I value my Indian passport”.
And interestingly, corridors of power never
attracted this legendary academic. Prof Sen was
never a part of any government committee. A
couple of years ago, he was conferred a prestigious
award by Barack Obama, the US President at that
time. Obama began the speech by saying, “Here
is Prof Amartya Sen, who is difficult to be seen
outside his Harvard classrooms”!
Nobel citation mentions, among other things,
“You have taught us how to measure poverty!”
When it comes to development economics,
Prof Sen’s word is regarded as the last word by
the academic fraternity. His books have been
translated into more than 30 languages. The books
include On Economic Inequality, Development as
Freedom, Choice of Techniques, The
Argumentative Indian, Identity and Violence, The
Idea of Justice, Poverty and Famines and his
newly published work Home in the World.
In Development as Freedom, Prof Sen argues
that development should be viewed as an effort to
advance the real freedoms that individuals enjoy,
rather than only focusing on metrics such as GDP
or income-per-capita. Prof Sen was inspired by
the violent acts he had witnessed as a child leading
up to the Partition of India in 1947.
As a young boy in Bengal, he had witnessed
the devastating Bengal Famine of 1943. That made
an indelible impression on young Amartya when
he saw people from the poor strata of the village
dying in front of his eyes whereas the affluent
ones escaped from the perils of famine. He
painfully realised that famine could exist amidst
abundance too. Later, it germinated into his path-
breaking work on poverty and his advocacy of an
effective distribution mechanism through a good
Diganta lives in Bangalore and can be reached at
s_diganta@yahoo.com
123
governance system in place.
Prof Sen has designed the ‘Sen Index’ for
measuring poverty, which takes into account
human capability, castigating the idea of Gross
Domestic Product (GDP) alone as the tool for
measuring poverty.
Prof Sen’s work in the field of development
economics has influenced the formulation of the
Human Development Report, published by
the United Nations Development Programme
(UNDP). This annual publication that ranks
countries on a variety of economic and social
indicators owes much to the contributions of Prof
Sen in the area of economic measurement of
poverty and inequality.
He has also designed the much-acclaimed
human poverty index (HPI) of the UN. Policy
makers in various countries have benefitted
immensely from his wisdom over the years.
In The Argumentative Indian, he interestingly
elucidates the argumentative tradition of the Indian
culture, and states, “An Indian can talk volumes
about a topic, for hours, without knowing anything
about it. However, the tradition of arguments and
debates has continued and it should”.
How is Prof Amartya as a family man? Dr
Nabaneeta Deb Sen said once, “He is not a good
father until his children grew up to become his
students!”
He used to spend his winter in Shantiniketan,
his ancestral place, every year, and cycle his way
to catch up with his old friends for his famous
addas (informal conversations).
Years ago, on the sidelines of a Game Theory
seminar at IIT, Delhi, I asked him whether he
gets time to check his emails these days. He said,
“I get 6,000 mails a day, and my secretary has to
bear the brunt of browsing through all, and
categorise the mails for my response!”
Once again, Happy Birthday and many happy
returns of the day, Sir!
And Happy Teachers’ Day, Prof Sen!
 Exercises for your Mind
Mukesh Sharma
How would you like to increase your
mental abilities? Stretch your limits? We have
a list of interesting exercises to challenge your
mind with! A few require a little patience and
a few require a strong steak of stick-to-
itivness. Do try them.
You would have probably heard about
the Growth Mindset, which states that your
intelligence and talents can be developed over
time, that it’s possible to develop your mind
beyond its current state. And one of the ways
to develop it is to exercise it every now and
then.
I am sharing a few exercises here that
will help you stretch your mind and you would
probably learn a lot about yourself in the
process. I am challenging you to take them
up in the coming days. You can choose which
one to do first. But commit to yourself that
you will do them all. And then write back to
124
us at uruli.aab@gmail.com with your
experiences.
I encourage you to continue developing
your mind beyond the assignments below.
Many of them can be revisited and practised
regularly so if you find one that works
particularly well, I suggest you keep it up!
Exercise 1 – View art
There is something special about art. The
beauty of it is that it is subjective, each person
will view it differently. You might take away
a different message from what the artist
intended, but you are still getting a glimpse
into the minds of others. You glimpse the
artist’s mind and you can peek inside the
minds of others by discussing their views on
the same piece of art.
So, today your first challenge is to visit
an art gallery and soak in the artwork of
others. Ideally, you could take someone along
and discuss their views as well. It’s all about
challenging yourself to see the world through
the eyes of others. While your perspective on
art is important, you will develop your mind
more by seeing through someone else’s eyes.
If you can’t get to a gallery, visit an online
gallery to take a look at some art.
Create a new journal. In this journal, note
what you learned by challenging yourself to
look at art through someone else’s eyes. Of
course, there’s an added benefit to this
challenge – practising the art of active
listening! There is no better way to develop
your mind than by learning to listen to the
opinions and views of someone whose opinion
differs from you. You can discuss that in the
journal as well.
Exercise 2 – Divergent thinking
Divergent thinking is the practice of searching
for a multitude of solutions to a problem. You
never judge the solution as you come up with
it, you just list as many solutions as possible
until you can’t think of any more.
The idea is to allow a free-flowing
brainstorming session that encourages you to
fully explore the recesses of your mind to
come up with as many solutions as possible.
How does this develop your mind? There
is a lot to be said for pushing yourself to
think in different ways. When you aren’t
bound by traditional rules you can push
yourself outside of your comfort zone.
That’s your second assignment. Make a note
of a problem you’re facing right now and hold
a divergent thinking session of your own. If
you can’t think of a problem, choose a random
subject to address.
Note the following in your journal.
Current problem I am facing:
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Potential solutions:
Did this exercise teach you anything
about yourself?
Exercise 3 – Ask questions
Today, you are a curious 8-year-old, the kind
who constantly asks questions and drives
everyone nuts. Choose a subject you’re
interested in but don’t know a lot about. Seek
out information and ask questions until you
have a decent hold on the subject. You can
write in your journal about what you chose
and what you learned.
Exercise 4 - Read
Select a book on a subject you know nothing
whatsoever about. You are more likely to learn,
open and develop your mind if you seek out
information you’re unfamiliar with.
This is an exercise that you should
practise regularly. For the exercise today,
though, choose a long-read article or a short
book so that you can complete it in one sitting.
Going forward, choose books.
So, what did you learn from the
experience? Did you have your eyes opened
about something? Note it all in your journal.
Exercise 5 – Sit with your thoughts
This assignment is the easiest, but it probably
won’t feel easy. You’re going to sit with your
thoughts. This isn’t about pursuing knowledge
or directly challenging your mind. It’s about
challenging you to be comfortable with the
silence.
There’s beauty in it, and you can learn a
lot as well. Reserve 15 minutes of your day
to sit quietly and allow your mind to wander.
Let it go where it likes as silence washes over
you. Doing this regularly will allow you to
find clarity, formulate ideas, and organise your
thoughts better.
 What insights did you gain from this
process? Yes, once again, write in your journal.
Exercise 6 – Total recall
Make a list in one of your journal pages. It
can be a list of anything – tasks to do, grocery
items or just a series of places you have
visited. Memorise the list and see if you can
recall all the items in an hour. If you find it
easy, make a longer list and wait a longer
period of time to recall them. This is
something you can do daily, making the list
increasingly more difficult to stretch your
mind.
Exercise 7 – Read aloud
Different forms of reading allow us to engage
our imagination and thought process in
different ways. We respond differently when
hearing, speaking or reading words.
Take this opportunity to read aloud to
yourself. Even better, get someone else to read
a chapter or two to you.
Did you consume the text differently
when you were reading it aloud versus reading
it quietly to yourself? What did you think of
the experience of being read to? Answer both
questions in your journal.
Exercise 8 – Map drawing
This assignment is a real challenge. We often
claim that we know certain areas like the backs
of our hands. This is your chance to show off
that skill. Take a paper and draw a map. It
might be your neighbourhood, a favourite
place or your entire town. Include landmarks,
major streets, and side streets, as well as other
notable locations.
Once you have completed the map you
can compare it to the real one. How well did
you do? Did you miss some obvious things?
If the task was too easy for you, stretch
126
yourself and draw a map of Karnataka, Assam
or India and label all the states.
It’s easy enough to hop in the car and
allow Google Maps to take over. It’s another
thing entirely to put it on paper. By doing so,
you’re activating different areas of your brain.
Exercise 9 - Right hand, left hand
Use your non-dominant hand to develop your
mind. There is nothing more challenging than
using the wrong hand to complete normal
tasks like brushing your teeth, writing or
eating dinner. Try it out!
Exercise 10 – Ten things
Trying to think alternatively forces your brain
to work. For this assignment, have someone
give you a random, but ordinary, object. You
should come up with 10 different things it
could be aside from what it actually is.
For example, a tennis racket could be a
microphone, fly swatter, paddle, bat, fan, club,
baton, shovel, or a drumstick!
List the object and the 10 things you
came up with in your journal.
Exercise 11 – Feed discomfort
It’s time to break out of your comfort zone
and feed discomfort. Comfort may temporarily
provide you with serotonin and dopamine, but
long-term, it’s shrinking your neurons.
Go out of your way to step out of your
comfort zone, push your boundaries and do
something you would never normally do. It
could be speaking up at a meeting, going to
a movie or for dinner by yourself or asking
your crush out.
What did you do?
How did it go?
How do you feel now?
Exercise 12 – Walking meditation
The beauty of walking is that there’s a rhythm
to it and it often results in contemplation. For
this assignment, go for a walk and allow the
physical sensations drive your thoughts to
focus on a single topic. It’s up to you what
topic you choose.
Make a note of the topic you focused on,
what you thought about, how it made you
feel, and how you feel now.
Exercise 13 – Games and puzzles
The final assignments are the types of games
and puzzles you can seek out easily through
apps or books. It’s all about developing your
mind by challenging your brain to complete
tasks that are different from normal. I am
sharing a few puzzles below. You will find
the answer key somewhere in this magazine.
Exercise 13a – Unscramble
Listed below are some scrambled colours.
Work to unscramble them, some are easier
than others.
RSRCUEEATH
ACONINNM
KAIKH
URPEPL
EAELRDM
BLEU
YELLWO
NMOORA
NUYBRDUG
SIPEA
Mukesh lives in Bangalore and can be
reached at mukesh65@gmail.com
127
NAEGRO
OETLIV
AMUVE
ANNRTGIEE
MELNO
Exercise 13b – Rearrange the lines
Arrange the lines below into the number nine,
but you cannot break or bend them to do this.
Exercise 13c – What does Sushanta prefer?
Sushanta has unusual tastes. He adores tennis
but dislikes bowling. He always chooses beer
over cider. He’d prefer to drive a Beetle rather
than a Ford and would rather eat Hawaiian
food than Chinese.
Based on everything you have learned
about Sushanta’s tastes; would he prefer
cycling or skiing?
Answers to exercise 13 in Exercise Your
Mind:
13a: Chartreuse, Cinnamon, Khaki,
Purple, Emerald, Blue, Yellow, Maroon,
Burgundy, Sepia, Orange, Violet, Mauve,
Tangerine, Lemon
13b: IX (the Roman numeral for nine)
13c: Skiing, notice how Sushanta prefers
things with double letters?
 On-the-Spot Art and Essay Writing
Competition for Kids
Dr. Monideepa Das
(On behalf of Team Uruli)
The editorial team of Uruli has always
encouraged the young children of the Assam
Association Bangalore (AAB) family to contribute
articles, stories, sketches, paintings and
photographs that have been duly published in the
kids section of Uruli. We have always held our
young contributors in very high esteem.
For one edition of Uruli, we roped in two
talented young artists and gave them the
responsibility of illustrating the articles and stories,
and we are very proud to say that they did a
brilliant job.
For another edition of Uruli, we urged the
young ones – from 10 months to 10 years of age
– to dress up in the traditional attires of the seven
sister-states of the North-East and carried out
photo shoots at two different locations of the city.
I, on behalf of Team Uruli, had the privilege of
coordinating not only with the parents of the
young models but also with the two ace
photographers of our AAB family and I thoroughly
enjoyed the experience. The pictures of all the
128
cute children in colourful costumes were the
highlight of that edition.
This year, in our attempt to do something
new, we decided to hold on-the-spot competitions
in art and essay writing. Our aim was to encourage
maximum participation and therefore, the
eligibility criteria was stretched beyond the
children of our AAB family. We welcomed all the
children whose parents or grandparents are from
Assam, and /or are connected to Assam in any
other way.
We decided that apart from giving away prize
money to the winners, and consolation prizes to
all the participants, we would also publish the
best essays and paintings in the Xaarodiyo Durga
Puja edition of Uruli.
However, it is not an easy task to arrange
such competitions in a city like Bangalore, where,
considering the poor road and traffic conditions,
distances are measured not in kilometres but by
the time taken for point to point travel!
Firstly, we made groups based on the grade/
class the child was studying in. For the art
competition, we had Groups A, B, and C which
ranged from Grades 1to10 while for the essay-
writing competition, we had Groups A and B
ranging from Grades 5 to10.
Next, we drafted a message mentioning the
objective and eligibility criteria and posted it in
all the related WhatsApp groups. We were very
happy to get a positive response.
This is when we came up with the idea that
instead of having the competitions in one venue,
we would have it in multiple venues to minimise
the hassle of travel for the participants and their
parents. With this in mind, we created a WhatsApp
group for all the parents of the interested
participants. We requested them to share their
addresses so that we could work on finding
suitable venues. Eventually, we ended up having
five venues, namely, Newark Springs Apartments
(Kasavanahalli), Park Vista Apartments (Harlur
Road), SSCSB Bangalore Naamghor
(Lakshminarayana Pura), Brigade Northridge
(Yelahanka), and Orca Radio Systems Pvt Ltd
(HSR Layout). We shared the full address and
Google location of each venue so that the
participants could choose the venue according to
their convenience. We were fortunate and
129
privileged to have dedicated and dynamic
coordinators at each venue who agreed to take on
the responsibility of managing the competitions.
Finally, D-Day arrived. It was Sunday, the
4th of September 2022. We were cautious to not
miss out any of the participants, and were in
constant communication with the parents and
coordinators. Thankfully, there was very good
understanding all around.
The subjects for the competitions had been
chosen with much thought, and were revealed to
the coordinators of each venue just 10 minutes
prior to the scheduled time. For the art
competition, A3 size drawing sheets were provided
while for the essays, the children could opt to
write either on paper or type on laptops and send
by email. The allotted time for both the
competitions was kept at an hour. We did not set
any word limit for the essays, and asked the
children to write as much they could within the
time span.
It would be unfair if we did not take this
opportunity to express our gratitude to Madhurjya
Das, Trinayan Bora, Hiranya Nath, Himangshu
Agarwala, Pranjoli Baishya, Ganesh Gogoi and
Abirata Baruah for conducting the competitions
extremely efficiently at their respective venues. I
must also thank the lovely couple, Papori and
Mukesh Sharma, for making the effort to be
present at the Naamghor not only to encourage
the children, but also to personally thank the
coordinators and the Naamghor Committee for
making the Naamghor available as a venue despite
the many Bhaado-mohiyaa Xoraai offerings on
that particular day. On my part, I remained on
video-call as invigilator throughout the allotted
time, enabling two participants to write their
essays from home, as they could not make it to
the venues due to exams.
The competitions started exactly on time and
the ambience in each of the venues was delightful
130
as evident from the photographs shared by the
coordinators from time to time. We were deeply
touched to know that the coordinators had made
arrangements to offer refreshments to the
participants at the end of the competition.
Considering it was the first time we had
organised two on-the-spot competitions
simultaneously, we are happy that the event was
a great success, with as many as 40 children
participating. To ensure fair judgement, we
arranged two sets of three competent judges –
one set each for the art and the essay-writing
competition. The judges did a fantastic job and
the results were announced in due time.
It goes without saying that the success of
this humble attempt has greatly encouraged us
and we are determined that we will conduct such
competitions in the coming years on a larger and
grander scale with better planning and execution,
so that we can ensure wider participation.
I conclude by offering my personal thanks
to the participants and their parents, the
coordinators, the gracious judges and everyone
involved in organising and conducting this event.
Until next year…Cheers!
 Idiosyncratic Impressions
Anneshan Sarmah
Young Anneshan is happy he moved to
Bangalore to earn his BE degree. He paints
a happy picture of his life as an Axomiya
student in Bangalore although there are a
few things he misses here. But then what’s
life without a few challenges?
The latest edition of the magazine was
being launched. It was October 2016 and the
Durga Puja vibe was full on. The people of
the Assam Association Bangalore (AAB) were
full of enthusiasm and excited about the
launch of the magazine, which was to be
followed by cultural events. But I was worn
out, because just an hour ago I had been on
a three-and-a-half-hour long flight. Well, I am
not a bibliophile but the release of the
magazine was quite exceptional. It was Uruli,
the bi-annual magazine of AAB. This was my
first impression of the people from Assam
living in Bangalore. And trust me, the
131
perception was so overwhelming that after
three years I myself landed in Bangalore for
my bachelor’s of engineering course.
The prestigious institutes and the Silicon
Valley tag were definitely reasons for me to
move far away from home to Bangalore but
also hearing about the success stories of
people who landed here from Assam
emboldened me while I was making my
decision.
My campus life started at Dayananda
Sagar Institution of Bangalore. The friend
circle I have formed is culturally diverse, and
co-existing in a diverse group of people was
a totally new experience for me. Out of all
those ‘bhai kesa hai?’ and ‘oi ki khobor?’
greetings were always special from the other
Axomiya students in the campus.
From bhaat to idli-dosa was something
where I had to struggle a bit at the beginning.
Although later I managed it, a few things
remained unmanageable in campus life, like
my morning laal saah (black tea) and our
kaji nemu (Assam lemon).
‘Kannada gotilla, Kannada swalpa
swalpa’ was the first phrase I leant after I
joined the campus hostel. The language
differences do exist, but most of the time I
have tackled the communication gap by
replacing dada with macha and anna.
In college, when anyone comes to know
that I am from Assam, the most common
topics are tea, momos and floods. But in recent
times I have seen a change in the response.
People from other states are now aware of
Assam’s political scenario as well, and our
CM Sarma is the reason, I guess. Apart from
that I see people today do know about the
state and I think that’s because of the cross
migrations and penetration of the national
media.
The college holds an ethnic day every
132
year, and last year after reopening of campus
I got a chance to wear our traditional dress to
college. While I was not representing the
perfect traditional dress, I did try to add the
essence of Axomiya dressing style as much
as it was possible for me with my limited
resources. With the gamusa around my neck
I was wearing the most uncommon dress that
day in campus.
Towards the final year of engineering the
chatter is all about placements and packages.
In the senior batch of my college, the highest
package was bagged by a girl from Guwahati.
In my department, one of my seniors – also
from Assam – was a university rank holder a
few years back. These success stories are not
just inspiring but also set a high bench mark
for us.
This year I am moving to the final year
of my engineering course, and if someone
asks me, is it worth moving so far away from
Assam to Bangalore just to get a bachelor’s
degree in engineering? My answer will be a
‘yes’. The ‘yes’ will be for the environment
we get here. The ‘yes’ is for the quality of
education. The ‘yes’ is for the opportunities
that we get here. And one cannot deny the
presence of super fine infrastructure for
education here.
Many a time I have encountered people
comparing engineering colleges in Assam to
those of Bangalore. The comparison is not
right at various levels. The reasons for moving
to Bangalore for higher education can be
varied, but one thing that can be said with
conviction is that it’s worth it.
The IT sector of the country is constantly
growing, and the heart of this industry is in
Bangalore. Colleges in Bangalore are
witnessing a rise in job offers to students and
this trend is likely to continue. So, moving to
Bangalore for higher education, especially
engineering, is still a good option.
The weather is great in Bangalore. A
sunny morning, a rainy afternoon and a cool
breezy evening – all of this can be experienced
in a single day. This is a reason for many to
move to the city. Well yes, in recent times the
perception is changing but we can still go
with, ‘The weather is great in Bangalore”.
For me it was not the weather of course,
it was the perception that a great career in the
IT sector awaits in Bangalore and the presence
of our Assamese community made me move.
And the success stories of our Assamese
people here is something that keeps me going
and inspires many young people in Assam to
make their move too.
One thing that I have understood after
leaving my home state is the value of identity.
In the college campus, my idiosyncratic
identity is Axomiya and today I am more of
an Axomiya than ever before and these are
my idiosyncratic impressions.

Anneshan is a student of Dayananda Sagar

institute and can be reached
at“anneshansarmahjorhat@gmail.com

133
 Durga Puja : Drenched in Sweet
Childhood Memories
Maitrayee Chaliha
Maitrayee walks down memory lane and
reminisces about her childhood joys during Durga
puja in Dibrugarh. Can she relive some of them
again?
I have spent more than half my life away
from my home in Dibrugarh but a part of me is
always there somewhere. It takes very little for
my mind to rush back home – a brilliant blue sky,
a long-forgotten song, a familiar fragrance – and
crowd my mind with memories. The fragrance of
sewali phul (night jasmine) reminds me of the
beautiful flowering tree in our garden. As a little
girl, I often woke up to a fragrant white carpet
below the tree. I would pick up the flowers quickly
before going to school as I didn’t have the heart
to leave them lying in the grass all day. The picked
flowers would always wilt by the time I returned
but it made me happy to pick up the pretty white
flowers in the morning. Today, it is a beautiful
memory.
Another beautiful memory is the fun and
joy we had during Durga Puja. In a fraction of a
second, so many memories overwhelm me – the
sound of the drums, the conch and uruli, the smell
of incense, dhuna, flowers and saki (earthen
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lamps) with mustard oil, the beautiful face of
Durga guxani. As far as I remember, Goddess
Durga in our Naamghor was always dressed in a
red mekhla chador with a golden border, Goddess
Lakshmi would be in pink, Goddess Saraswati in
white and the Goddesses’ mother would be in a
white sari with a red border. With a long uroni
covering her face, she was always tucked away in
a corner. I was very curious about her face but
realised at some point that the ‘Mother’ was the
trunk of a banana tree draped in white and red!
For us, puja means Durga Puja. In Bangalore,
when I talk of plans for puja, colleagues or friends
question me, ‘what puja or which puja?’ I smile
and say Durga Puja, of course! After I left Assam
for studies in Pune and Delhi, and then began
working in Bangalore, puja days were never the
same. In my profession, September and October
are usually very busy months and it was hardly
possible to take time off and visit home. All I
could do was talk of the good times we had back
then.
Puja meant so much to us. It was a happy
time, the weather would be lovely, no more hot
and sweaty days. The days would be bright and
sunny, and evenings would have a pleasant nip in
the air. It was not just the five days that we had
fun, the excitement would start much earlier. The
anticipation of the good times to come, the
shopping for clothes, the rush in the market as it
would seem the entire town was puja shopping at
the same time, and invariably there would always
be a last-minute rush for something or the other.
Shopping would be followed by the counting of
days until our school holidays started and the
extremely difficult decision about which new dress
to wear on which day. If any relatives were
expected to visit, it would add to the excitement
as it meant fun time with cousins. I remember
some days before puja, the elders would talk about
the vahan on which the Goddess would come and
return that year. There would be deep discussions
on the implications of each means of transport.
New clothes for Durga Puja were a must
during our school days. Ma would stitch pretty
frocks for us. I remember the detailed discussions
we would have with her on the design, each with
our specific requests and demands. We are three
sisters and yet she managed to get the frocks ready
in time, and it would usually be more than one
frock each. Now that I think about it, I wonder
how she managed to get so much done. Indeed,
she is my Superwoman.
I have enjoyed puja in Bangalore, and in
Delhi and Pune too, but nothing compares to our
fun-filled childhood days. We would go to the
Naamghor with Aita every morning from Saptami
and stay there for almost the entire morning until
lunch beckoned us. We would meet our friends
there and potter around the stalls selling toys,
balloons and other interesting things. We carried
our pocket money to splurge on these. One year
I bought a pair of glasses with yellow rims and
green glass. Green because Aita always said that
for the eyes, one should stick to green or black.
What fun we had wearing those glasses! We
Maitrayee Chaliha is a CS and lives in
Bangalore. She can be reached at
maitrayee.chaliha@gmail.com.
135
would come home and ‘display’ our goodies, each
in our special spots. On some days we would go
back to the Naamghor in the evening with my
mother and pehis (paternal aunts) – the evening
arti was another beautiful experience.
Some memories have blurred with time but
the feeling of happiness is pretty much intact.
The khichdi and labda that Ma cooked on Ostomi
or Nobomi was always special.
No Durga Puja experience is complete
without pandal hopping. Ma and our pehis would
take the three of us out at least one evening.
Walking amidst so many people with snack breaks
every now and then was the best. Invariably one
of us would complain of aching feet and we would
turn and head home. The roads would still be full
of people either starting on their pandal hopping
or going back home.
The positive energy, the happiness in the air
was palpable. People dressed in pretty clothes,
children with balloons and toys in their hands,
there was happiness all around.
Then all too soon, the day would come for
the guxani to go back. There would be a feeling
of sadness from the morning. That day Ma would
also come to the Naamghor in the morning. It
would be really crowded. We would all sit down
and after the prayers, the priest would sprinkle
holy water on us. Then it would be time for the
sacred threads, multicoloured for us and yellow
bands for my father and khura. We would return
home and after a quick lunch, would all sit in the
verandah to catch a glimpse of the Goddess on
her way to the Brahmaputra for immersion.
This year, after a long time, I am going home
with my son to spend the puja days with my
family in Dibrugarh. Of course, a lot has changed
over the years. The town has undergone
tremendous changes too. Still, I hope we will have
a wonderful experience and come back with
beautiful memories.
 Margaret and the Kopou Phul
Vijayalakshmi Kutty

Looking at the painting of a Kopou phul on

her balcony wall always brings back memories of
Mrs. Kutty’s many years in Assam. They were
happy years indeed.
On my balcony wall hangs an alluring
painting of the Kopou phul or the foxtail orchid,
known in botanical terms as the Rhynchostylis
retusa. The orchid is an integral part of Assamese
culture and tradition. It blooms in open forests
and gardens during spring and is worn on the
kho’pa or chignon of the women Bihu dancers
during Rangoli Bihu; symbolising fertility and
merriment. It also inherently becomes the state
flower of Assam because of its beauty, its nativity
and its omnipresence in the territory.
Kopou phul by Margaret Ricardo
The painting of the Kopou phul is nearly 50
years old. Over the years the colours have faded,
and the years of wear and tear have dimmed its
vivacity. The dappled pink of the orchid is barely
visible, but the crowded, white petals on the long
stem are still elegant, pretty and eye-catching. The

136
long green leaves still bring out their lushness,
and the dark, furrowed, scaly bark on which the
orchid has taken root remains distinct.
The painting was done by Margaret, a British
woman who was my neighbour and good friend
during my long stay in Assam in the 1970s. She
had met and married George Ricardo, an Indian
by origin, and came away from England to live in
Assam where he worked.
While the Kopou phul is a native of Assam,
and ideal to its geographical and climatic
conditions, Margaret was British by blood and in
heart. But the manner in which the two blended
signifies the symbiotic relationship Margaret
forged with her new environment and culture;
while at the same time exuding British etiquette
and lifestyles to the community she lived in.
The British passion for gardening saw
Margaret cultivate plants, shrubs and other
vegetation native to Assam in her beautiful and
well-tended garden. And of course the Kopou
phul found pride of place in it. She grew them
with other orchid varieties in pots and on tree
trunks. They thrived under her loving care. She
would proudly show me around her garden and dance steps were hers to master and enjoy!
I remember stopping to inhale the Kopou’s mild, Some years after we left Assam, George
exquisite fragrance. Being a gifted artist, the Ricardo passed away and Margaret returned to
garden beauties found their way onto her canvas. England with her children. Beyond doubt, precious
While the Kopou entered Margaret’s heart memories of her life in Assam will always remain
and life, Margaret gifted some of her English with her. And I imagine the walls of her new
essence to the community she lived in. She painted home in England filled with pictures of the pretty
an exuberantly animated, brawling British pub Kopou phul - an unbroken relationship.
scene for the local bar. She introduced the waltz Deforestation, soil erosion, illegal trade and
and the foxtrot dances to the neighbourhood poor forest management has led to the depletion
women, and gave them a lively introduction to of the Kopou phul. I am certain that if Margaret
English etiquette and mannerisms. What fun it had lived on in Assam, she would have led a
was! And yes, being a natural dancer, the Bihu campaign to save its destruction.

Vijaylakshmi is a writer and retired teacher. She

can be reached at vintageviji@gmail.com

137
 Importance of Property Document
Verification
Bhupali Patgiri
Are you planning to invest in some property?
Take a few precautionary steps before you take
the plunge. Verify the property before you own it.
Follow the property verification guidelines to
realize your dream.
Almost everyone dreams of buying his/her
own home in their lifetime. In India especially, it
is an emotional decision. People usually buy a
house or land keeping in mind their family and
loved ones. Undoubtedly it takes a lot of effort,
both physically and emotionally, to go through
the whole process of buying a house. What is
important to keep in mind apart from the
emotional aspects, is to think rationally since only
that will lead to sound decisions. The home buying
experience should be pleasantly memorable, not
a harrowing one.
The first and foremost necessity before
investing in any property is that we thoroughly
examine the property’s legal documents to ensure
that we invest our hard-earned money in the right
property. Let us take a look at the list of facts we
138
need to check before purchasing any property.
• Whether you are planning to purchase
from an individual, a builder or any
municipality i.e., from the government,
the selected property – flat, site/land,
independent house – must be free from
any legal issues/attachment/encumbrance
to safeguard your interest.
• If the property papers are not proper or
clear, it may lead to legal and financial
issues along the way.
• So, for our safety, it is prudent to abide
by a few rules and regulations before
purchasing/dealing with any property.
After all, it is a question of protecting
your hard-earned money.
• Further, if the property’s legal documents
are clear and free from any kind of
litigation, it is easier to get a bank loan too.
Here is a list of documents that need to be
scrutinized thoroughly before you enter into any
deal/agreement over a property.
1. Mother deed/ Sale deed/ Allotment deed
The first and most important document to
start the legal verification process of any property
is the mother deed/ sale deed/ allotment deed. We
need to first check the property’s history – whether
it is an ancestral property or own-earned-property
or Inam/granted property, or if the land belongs
to SC/ST communities, etc. A sale deed will be
the evidence of transfer/sale of ownership and the
title of the property would bear the name of the
present owner. All other previous sale deeds also
need to be verified. An Inam land is land gifted
to certain persons for their services. This practice
was originally recorded in the periods ruled by
Hindu and Mohammedan rulers.
2. Encumbrance certificate
This document shows if there are any legal
or monetary liabilities on the property. It also
shows the existence of the original owner/owners
involved with the transaction of the property. This
document reports recent transactions like bank
mortgage/ existing sale agreements with others/
ongoing legal case if any.
3. Conversion certificate
This document is issued by the Deputy
Commissioner’s office after a piece of land is
converted from agricultural to non-agricultural
purposes after paying the appropriate conversion
charges. No one can use agricultural land for
residential or industrial purposes until and unless
it is converted.
4. Property tax receipt
It is the responsibility of the seller/owner of
the property to pay tax for the property he/she
owns. Land is considered a source of income and
thus tax is levied on the property based on its
location, size, type of property and other details.
5. PTCL (Prohibition of Transfer of Certain
Lands) endorsement Act
This endorsement is granted by the Tahsildar
or Deputy Commissioner to ascertain that the
139
property is not on land granted to a person who
belongs to SC/ST communities. As per law, non-
SC/ST people cannot acquire land that belongs to
anyone from an SC/ST community. This provision
is provided to safeguard the interests of the SC/
ST communities.
6. Record of rights, Tenancy and Crop or
Pahani
This is an important document in Karnataka
and includes the owner’s details and land details,
especially agricultural lands until the land is
converted.
7. Khata certificate
This is also a very important document as it
identifies the owner of the property. It is also an
account of the owner of the property. It is prepared
to assess the property tax.
8. Sanctioned plan
This is an important document needed to
understand whether the landowner/builder has
taken permission from the civic authorities to
construct houses/flats.
9. The real estate regulations and development
Act (RERA).
If you are purchasing a flat in Karnataka,
then you need to ask for a RERA certificate.
RERA aims to ensure total transparency in
property deals. It reduces project delays and
property fraud, it prohibits the builder from asking
for excess area, it ensures there are no defects in
construction, and many more points.
10. Completion certificate
If you are purchasing any flat/house from a
builder, then this document is very vital as it shows
that the work has been executed under the defined
norms and conditions.
11. Occupancy certificate
If you are purchasing any flat/ house from a
builder, then you must ask for the occupancy
certificate. The builder must apply for this
document and obtain it from the civic body. This
document clarifies that the builder has complied
with all the local laws and thus the flat/house is
safe to occupy. Legal possession of a property is
valid only with an occupancy certificate.
Similarly, there are a lot of other documents
related to property. A legal professional can easily
pinpoint any anomalies while examining the legal
papers concerning the property. A real estate
purchase involves complicated documentation.
Therefore, the first step after selecting a property
is to engage a professional legal expert who can
thoroughly examine the papers of the property
even if the property is RERA approved or
sanctioned by any nationalised or local bank. A
legal professional should be engaged throughout
the transaction of purchase in three different
stages:
1. Seek legal professional help before
Bhupali practises law in Bangalore and can be
reached at bhupali.patgiri@gmail.com
140
purchasing a property. A buyer needs to
know whether all the documents related
to the property are legally faultless or not.
2. Seek legal professional help during the
purchase of a property. During the
process, legal professionals will help
verify the signing of all the documents
between the buyer and the builder.
3. Seek legal professionals help after the
purchase of a property too. After the
purchase and until the buyer is handed
the property, the legal professional can
help the buyer overcome all obstacles like
a delayed timeline in the handover of the
property, whether the project is as per the
approval or not etc. In case of any dispute
relating to the project, the buyer can
approach RERA or consumer court. It is
not mandatory to take the assistance of a
legal professional for approaching RERA
or the consumer court. The buyer can
handle his/her case. But it is always better
to approach a legal professional as they
know the provisions of law and are well
equipped to handle such cases.
Nothing can equate to the feeling of having
one’s own home. It takes years of planning, saving,
and commitment to realise your dream home. As
it is one of the most crucial decisions that you
will make in your lifetime, be judicious and keep
yourself well informed and aware of every aspect
of home purchase.
 Global Assamese
Entrepreneurship Forum
Anjana Bordoloi

Entrepreneurship is a state of mind; being

an entrepreneur is releasing yourself from the
limitations of a 9 to 5 job and working for others.
While it is, by no means, a smooth journey, it has
the thrills of a roller coaster with highs and lows,
but it is still your own journey. You are your own
boss and your achievements are yours alone. You
no longer have to sweat for others but you get to
bear your fruits of labour and enjoy them too.
Assam and indeed, the entire Northeast is still
far behind in entrepreneurship, while the rest of
India has moved on by leaps and bounds. Last
January, Amazon founder and Executive Chairman
Jeff Bezos was in India. Seeing the growth of
India, he said “I predict that the 21st century is
going to be the Indian century”. The positive news
is that the Assamese mindsets are starting to
change. Assam is progressing quite fast as well as
trying to catch up with the rest of the world. While
the general economy is based on savings and
security, and risk-taking is frowned upon, where
innovation is still not supported and getting
funding for an idea is still quite difficult, it remains
an uphill task. That is where the GAEF (Global
Assamese Entrepreneurship Forum) has a role to
play– to encourage and guide budding
entrepreneurs and help start-ups stand on their feet.
GAEF is a much-needed entrepreneurship
platform for the global Assamese community to
connect on. The need for an entrepreneurship
forum was first felt in 2014 and in recent years,
a few Assamese community members in North
America conducted several successful business
pitch competitions but were unable to continue
the momentum. GAEF was formed in 2020 with
a vision to foster non-profit community-based
networking, mentoring, and advocacy through
youth, women, and social entrepreneurship, for
the global Assamese community.

141
 GAEF plans to serve the fields of women
entrepreneurship, social entrepreneurship and
youth entrepreneurship with business networking,
information, mentorship and advocacy. Our focus
areas include agriculture, advanced technologies
and social engineering.
GAEF has organised numerous in-depth free-
of-cost web conversations on industry-specific
topics like product branding, marketing,
packaging, and various govt. schemes for agro
business and export. GAEF web conversations are
held on the third Sunday of every month.
GAEF is committed to the development of
entrepreneurship and start-ups in Assam. To that
end, GAEF has created a free, structured
mentorship programme in association with premier
educational institutions of Assam that will jointly
accredit the mentees who complete the
programme.
Mentees will be selected by a pre-screening
questionnaire, including psychometric testing. The
selected mentees will then be mentored by our
panel of mentors on a rotational basis over a 3 to
6-week period. Mentors will be based in Assam
and abroad. This will include training and
mentoring on topics like:
1. Business essentials
2. Business resilience
3. Personal development
4. Procurement
5. Branding
6. Export
7. Quality assurance
8. Accessing finance, and many other related
topics
The mentors in each case will be selected
based on the needs and the industry sector of the
mentee. The mentee will be needed to complete
timely assignments and presentations and upon
Anjana is the General Secretary and an executive
member of GAEF, USA and can be reached at
anjana_bordoloi@yahoo.com
142
satisfactory completion, will be certified. This
certificate will, in turn, be recognised by premier
financial institutions and many other industry
sectors and will help the certified entrepreneur to
scale up his/her entrepreneurial ventures, access
bank finance and procure other business essentials.
Some of our success stories so far include:
1. GAEF’s collaboration with the Govt of
India and the Agricultural and Processed
Food Products Export Development
Authority (APEDA) to help Bordoloi
Biotech enlist Herbojoint cream at
Walmart. USA.
2. GAEF’s collaboration with the Govt of
India and APEDA also helped Acinom
Aromatics export essential oil to the USA.
3. In the last three months, GAEF mentored
several entrepreneurs and start-ups in
various focus areas.
GAEF is a free platform, abundant with free
resources for you to benefit from. Please join us
in this movement and benefit from it; join hands
to uplift our global Assamese community. More
details about GAEF can be found on our website
(http://www.gaefnortheast.org). If you have any
queries, please contact us at contact@gaefnorth
east.org.
Follow us on social media platforms for
upcoming events and initiatives. Entrepreneurs can
share stories about their business and success in
the GAEF website as well as in the social media
pages.
Facebook (https://www.facebook.com/groups
/440248043822192)
Instagram (https://instagram.com/gaefnorth
east?igshid=YzA2ZDJiZGQ)
LinkedIn (https://www.linkedin.com/
company/global-assamese-entrepreneurship-
forum/)
Rediscover Yourself through Yoga
Papori Sharma

In the western part of the world, if you utter the word “Yoga,” people think of
impossible physical postures. This is a very distorted idea of what Yoga is. Yoga
is not about bending and twisting your body or holding your breath. It is a
mechanism and a technology to get you to that state of experience where you see
reality just the way it is.
–Sadhguru

Vishnu is a student of class 12. He is the

only son of well-to-do parents who are both
working at two of the leading MNCs in the
country. Vishnu’s mother had decided to take a
sabbatical from her top-management role for two
years after her child’s 10th board exam so that
she could focus on helping him with his studies.
Vishnu, a happy and confident child, wanted to
take up a professional course after his 12th board
exam. When he was in class 10, he had started
feeling a little pressure, both from his peers and
academically. That feeling was short lived and
when he joined class 11, he could handle
everything well and continued to do well in school.
However, as months progressed, the child started
feeling stressed. There was always some class to
attend – either at school or at the coaching institute
outside. He felt some stress from his parents too.
While parents always want the best for their
children, sometimes they are unaware that in this

143

process, they unconsciously create stress in their
children.
Students like Vishnu take board exams and
also several entrance exams and need to score
well to secure a seat at the institute of their choice.
One of the most common problems faced by such
students is that they are unable to memorize and
retain what they have studied. This could be due
to lack of sleep, less concentration, less energy,
exam anxiety, poor appetite, anger issues,
irritation, and/or general tiredness. It is not easy
to stay calm when an important exam is coming
up.
Fortunately, there are ways to keep the mind
relaxed and focussed. One of them is to practise
144
yoga. Practising yoga not only helps sharpen the
brain but also improves memory and concentration
and that naturally helps students do well in exams.
I am sharing a few yoga asanas that students
can perform to help them stay relaxed and enjoy
all the other benefits.
1. Deep breathing– Deep breathing
increases the supply of oxygen to your brain and
stimulates the parasympathetic nervous system and
that promotes a state of calmness, according to
the American Institute of Stress. It can heighten
performance and concentration while also being
a powerful stress reliever. It also improves
immunity.
2. Surya Namaskara (Sun Salutation)– This
set of asanas increases blood flow to the brain
and that helps in improving concentration levels.
It improves flexibility and strength of the body
too. It also keeps the mind relaxed and calm.
Regular practice makes the body energetic and
active. To get the maximum benefit, do at least
three rounds of Surya Namaskara in the morning
before you start studying.
3. Vrikshasana (Tree pose)– One of the
simplest of yoga asanas, it helps improve balance,
gives the body proper posture, and boosts
concentration.
4. Padahastasana (Hand under foot pose)–
This is a forward bending pose that helps to
strengthen the spine and legs, and improves blood
circulation to the brain, thus making one more
alert and focussed.
5. Vajrasana– This is a simple asana that
improves blood flow and boosts digestion. It calms
the mind and improves concentration as well.
6. Matsyasana (Fish pose)– This asana helps
relieve tension in the neck and shoulders. It
stretches the chest and neck and provides relief
from respiratory disorders.
7. Alternate nostril breathing– This
practice involves slow deep breathing without
making any sound. It blocks the flow of carbon
dioxide into the arteries thus helping in the blood
 teacher and soon began enjoying the many
benefits.
Whether you are a businessman, an
employee, a homemaker or a student, you want
peace, you want to smile and you want to be
happy. Happiness is possible only when we look
into the root cause of unhappiness. A disease-free
body, confusion-free mind, inhibition-free
intellect, trauma-free memory, and a sorrow-free
soul is the birthright of every individual.
Every baby in the world, from the age of
three months to the age of three years, does all
the yoga postures. Their breathing, the way they
sleep, the way they smile, everything is yoga.
Whether we like it or not, we are all born yogis.
But as we grow, we unconsciously drift away from
our natural rhythm. Today we all need something
purification process. It strengthens memory and that is natural, as natural as our breath, that we
vitality of key internal organs. can use and elevate our spirit.
8. Brahmari Pranayama (Humming bee That is yoga.
breathing)– Brahmari pranayama improves your
concentration and can help in getting rid of anxiety
and anger. The mind relaxes and helps one sleep
better.
9. Savasana (Corpse pose)– In Savasana,
you are relaxed but in a state of awareness. You
are aware of your breath, different parts of the
body and your inner strength. To boost
concentration, you need to practice Savasana
regularly for 10 minutes. It will help you reboot
and feel alive.
Vishnu’s mother, after discussing with her
husband, decided to take the services of a qualified
yoga teacher who would come home twice a week
and help them learn the various asanas and
breathing exercises. Both mother and son started
doing yoga together under the guidance of their

Papori Sharma is a yoga therapist and corporate

trainer in Bangalore. She can be reached at
papori@gmail.com

145
 The Crow’s Nest
Lovely Dutta Prusty
We arrived at Calcutta (that was what it was
called then) in the middle of a cold February night
in 1998. It was not my first visit. As a matter of
fact, I had made several visits to the City of Joy
on different occasions. The city never failed to
fascinate me. The sheer expanse of it impressed
me. The harmonious co-existence of the old and
the new, of the ancient, medieval and modern,
excited me no end. However, this time the
excitement was of a different kind altogether. I
had recently tied the knot with my beau of two
years and was on my way to our new flat to settle
down to a new life with my brand-new husband.
Naturally, my mind was in a conundrum,
having left behind my parents whom I loved
dearly, and my large family of brothers, sisters,
brothers-in-law, nephews, nieces, friends as well
as my new relations, my parents-in-law. I was
full of anticipation about the future that awaited
me in Calcutta.
My husband and his younger brother, who
had accompanied us, took all the pains to unpack
and set up the apartment, making it comfortable
enough for me.
146
Then our holiday began.
Initially, the days were rosy and full of fun.
The three of us really had a good time exploring
Calcutta. We embarked upon a roller coaster ride,
trying out all the best food joints along Park Street,
watching movies, going out for long drives and
of course indulging in shopping sprees. We turned
tourists and painted the town red.
All good things must come to an end and so
finally and officially, the honeymoon period got
over and so did our whirlwind touring of Calcutta.
My husband had to go back to work and my
brother-in-law too left for his hometown, leaving
me alone to cope with ample amounts of time. I
was totally on my own through the day with no
one to talk with. With my husband away at work
from morning to late evenings, this new bride felt
utterly lonesome. My language problem added to
my misery. All my neighbours were Bengali and
I hardly knew the language to strike up a decent
conversation with them. I found it difficult to
communicate with the part time maid we had
hired.
Besides, having come from a small town that
was dotted with independent villas and bungalows,
the idea of living in an apartment never appealed
to me. Small two-bedroom places with little or
no greenery around, and in close proximity to
other residents who could probably hear all your
conversations through the common walls! The
entire picture was quite claustrophobic to my
mind. But there I was, living in one of them.
My favourite corner in our flat was a small
balcony adjacent to our bedroom, hemmed in on
all sides by cold iron grills. But through the grills
I could get a glimpse of a patch of blue sky and
white billowing clouds that made me nostalgic
about the life and home I had left behind. I would
sit in the tiny space for hours, scribbling long
letters to all those people back home who missed
me equally and whose loving faces still hovered
before my eyes day and night.
The apartment we lived in was situated in a
congested lane in Behala, a busy quarter of
Calcutta. It was a new apartment and had no
swimming pool or club house. There were just
two three-storied blocks without any frills. Not
even elevators. There were hardly any green spaces
inside the compound except for a tall coconut
tree that grew right up to our floor. The wide
fronds of the tree protruded onto our small
balcony, giving it a touch of green. Someone had
said that it’s a good omen to grow coconut trees
in your garden, and I was elated that the leaves of
this tree touched at least a part of our home, three
stories above the ground.
It was truly wonderful to view the rising sun
through the big swaying coconut leaves, and on
rainy days, the water droplets that trickled down
their tips onto the mosaic floor of the balcony
looked like watery pearls. My attachment with
the tree began one fine morning when I noticed
a crow building its nest in the cosy base of the
coconut leaves. Every day I could see the bird
flying in and hopping about the site of its nest
with some scrap of paper, or twigs or straws in its
beak. It’s a fascinating experience to watch a bird
constructing a nest. There’s so much dedication
involved. As a child, growing up in Shillong, I
had climbed many a tree along with friends to
147
find out how birds’ nests look like high up on a
tree. That fascination remained and I was thrilled
to witness the construction of the crow’s nest.
Within a few days the nest was complete and
one sunny morning, I saw the crow sitting quietly
in it. The bird had no clue that it was being observed
by someone. I decided not to sit in the balcony for
some time lest the crow should feel uncomfortable
in my presence. Two days later the crow was gone,
but there were four white, speckled eggs at the
centre of the nest. I wondered if the mother bird
had abandoned her eggs, but later in the evening
she was back in place, sitting with wings folded
protectively over the precious eggs.
By this time, my interest level had peaked.
It soon became a habit for me to peer through the
iron grills of the balcony and look at the crow’s
nest first thing in the morning. At the end of the
incubation period four dainty fledglings cackled
in the nest, with open hungry beaks. Now there
was another crow, probably the father who had
joined the mother. Both of them got into serious
housekeeping business. The birds would take turns
in babysitting and hunting for food.
My first generous attempts to offer them
grain and pulses were totally ignored.
Nevertheless, I persisted, and when they were sure
I meant no harm, the crows even hopped onto my
kitchen sill and pecked at leftovers and other
titbits.
By the time the baby crows were about a
week old, I was already in the family way. My
pregnancy test came positive! The world had a
new meaning for me and my excitement knew no
bounds. Though physically I was yet to feel the
thrills of carrying a child, maternal instincts were
already bubbling in my heart. I also learned to
observe the mother crow closely.
Humans can never claim to be more maternal
than other creatures. Animals and birds often
display more intense feelings than we do. Their
affection towards their young ones is admirable.
Both papa and mama crow were extremely
affectionate towards their young helpless
fledglings whose wings were yet to be strong and
flight worthy. They would flap their wings over
them, gently peck them with their beaks and hop
from branch to branch as if entertaining them by
dancing to some silent happy tune. Observing their
activities was a lesson to me in family ties, duties,
love, tenderness and responsibility. It accorded
me immense pleasure and satisfaction in spending
time on my balcony learning these precious
lessons from nature.
The sky wore a gloomy, foreboding look one
afternoon when I went to gather our linen from
the clothesline on the terrace. The dark clouds
threatened a heavy downpour and the whooping
wind announced the onset of a storm. I rushed
indoors and hurriedly shut all the windows to
prevent any rainwater from coming in. As I shut
the balcony door, I took a look at the nest and
saw the little family huddled together as the
coconut leaves swayed in the wind.
The storm took a nasty turn towards the
middle of the night. Every time thunder rolled
across the sky, I shut my eyes and snuggled closer
to my husband. Thunder and lightning had always
terrified me and it was no better that night. The
leaves of the coconut tree swished across the iron
grills. Probably the wind and rain were ruthlessly
shaking the tall tree outside. What were the birds
doing at a time like this? The poor creatures must
be equally terrified, exposed in their fragile nest.
I uttered a small prayer to God to protect the
innocent family.
Dawn finally cracked over the Calcutta
skyline and the storm had settled down. It was
still drizzling and the sky remained cloudy. My
routine was back to normal. I busied myself with
the usual morning chores. After my husband left
for office, I picked up a book and a cup of tea
and headed to my cosy nook in the balcony. The
storm had left behind a lot of dirt on the floor,
but that did not bother me because my eyes were
looking for the family of crows in their nest. They
Lovely lives in Bangalore and can be reached at
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148
were gone! The nest itself was not to be seen.
There was no sign of it, not even a bit of straw
or a feather to suggest that it had ever existed in
the centre of the coconut tree. The poor family
had no chance of protecting their home in the
face of such a tempest. I felt utterly dejected that
my prayer had gone unheard.
Late in the evening that day, when I went
for a stroll, curiosity guided my steps to the tree.
There, at the foot, lay the mangled nest, white
eggshells scattered about it and the body of a tiny
bird lay lifeless and cold on the wet grass.
Whatever happened to the three other babies?
Did their parents abandon the nest and fly off to
save their own feathers? Or had the storm tossed
them somewhere?
These questions troubled me as I picked up
the dead little birdie, gently wrapped it in the
remains of its nest and dropped it in the dustbin
near the back gate.
Months passed by. I was well into the seventh
month of my pregnancy. The tragedy of the crow’s
nest had become a faint memory in my mind
which was now fully occupied with thoughts about
the advent of our new family member. I rarely sat
in the balcony now as I had learnt to keep myself
busy inside the house. However, I still chose to
write my letters in my cosy corner. On one such
afternoon, when I sat with my pen poised over
the writing pad, organising my thoughts, I noticed
a crow precariously perching itself on a branch of
my ‘greenery’, trying to place a twig at the base
of the leaves. I could only guess its intention.
True to my instinct, I found a half-done nest
at the same place where the earlier nest had been!
My heart skipped a beat. Once again, I was going
to witness a crow building its home. This time I
deliberately restrained my interest in its activities,
but kept my fingers crossed as I did not want to
break my heart or my faith a second time.
 The Modern Day ˆ¬√1œ
Dr. Monideepa Das

All too often, women believe it is a sign of commitment, an expression of

love, to endure unkindness or cruelty, to forgive and forget. In actuality,
when we love rightly we know that the healthy, loving response to cruelty
and abuse is putting ourselves out of harm’s way.
–Bell Hooks, writer and social activist

Shristee’s mind had remained totally blank
during the drive back home, but the moment she
unlocked the front door and entered their home,
she was overwhelmed by a volley of emotions.
Drained, both physically and emotionally, she
slumped on the large, cosy couch; this was her
go-to place whenever she felt the need to seek
refuge from the vagaries of life. Her eyelids felt
heavy, she shut her eyes to ease them. Slowly,
she drifted off to sleep.
Ignoring the DND mode that Shristee had
put herself on, her sleep was invaded by the dream
that had been disturbing her of late, or would it
perhaps be more apt to call it a nightmare?
......Bhodoree’s panic-stricken cries for help
were eclipsed by the loud abuses hurled by her
enraged husband Sishuram. Fortunately, hearing
her wails, Sishuram’s brother dashed from the
adjacent house and made it just in time to grab
Sishuram from behind and stop him from
delivering the third blow. But the damage was
already done. Sishuram had struck Bhodoree on
her back with the moidaa twice over. The
agonising pain and blood loss had caused
Bhodoree to fall to the floor in a dead faint.
On regaining consciousness after three days,
Bhodoree found herself in the village hospital.
Vivid visuals of that harrowing, torturous day
floated before her eyes scene by scene.
Sishuram had returned from the field, placed
the plough in the courtyard, changed out of his
mud-soiled dhoti and stormed towards the kitchen
demanding that lunch be served immediately.
From his tone, Bhodoree was certain that her
husband was in a foul mood. To Sishuram’s utter
dismay, he saw that the rice was just coming to
a boil, while the bunch of dhekia xaak (fiddlehead
fern) that had been trimmed, was yet to be washed.

149
On one side of the banana leaf, the moidaa, a
unique kitchen knife with a long curved blade
mounted a wooden platform, lay looking
somewhat like a dead peacock. Beside it, waiting
to be cut and cooked, were a few mud-coated
Kawoi (climbing perch) fish, smashed on the head,
tossing about like intoxicated, ash-smeared fakirs
engaged in a brawl. From the look of it, one could
easily assume that there was a long way to go
before the meal would be ready. The cause for
the delay, of course, lay in the moist firewood
that was refusing to get lit. The already worked-
up Bhodoree nervously pushed a few fresh pieces
of firewood under the pot and blew with all her
might, but in vain.
By now, Sishuram was livid. A series of
issues that included the previous day’s ritualistic
fasting and absence from work as demanded by the
auspicious Krishna Ekaadasi Tithi, the frustration
of having to manipulate a pair of lethargic, non-
compliant bullocks on the field all morning, and
a dispute over land encroachment had all
contributed towards igniting Sishuram’s anger.
Suffice it to say that, for the hungry and angry
Sishuram, the sight of his yet-to-be-ready lunch
was like the last straw.
It has been a common practice from time
immemorial for men to bring home their anxiety,
anger and frustration and vent them on their wives.
Sishuram was no exception. So much so, poor
Bhodoree had come to believe that slaps, punches,
kicks, and blows were all an integral part of her
married life. Hence, she would almost always bear
them without the slightest sign of remorse.
However, there is a limit to how much one can
endure. Even Mother Earth quivers and shakes
when that limit is crossed. On that fateful day,
the otherwise tolerant Bhodoree too was at the
end of her tether. Her mind and body refused to
accept baseless blame and abuse. Much to her
own surprise, she retorted that the wet firewood
was not lighting up despite her best efforts, so
what better could she do? Her vexed response
150
added fuel to Sishuram’s already blazing temper.
He charged at her and in a fit of rage, lifted the
moidaa that had been kept ready to cut the fish,
and delivered two blows on Bhodoree’s back
causing her to collapse.
Having recalled the chain of events that had
led her to the hospital bed, Bhodoree hesitantly
asked the attending elderly male nurse about the
whereabouts of her husband. On hearing that
Sishuram was in police custody, Bhodoree begged
that he be brought to her bedside. The nurse told
her that worrying about her useless husband would
only aggravate her illness. But, before he could
complete his sentence, her deep concern for
Sishuram’s well-being caused Bhodoree to faint
all over again. The doctor expressed that it was
imperative for Bhodoree’s recovery that Sishuram
be brought to the hospital. The moment Bhodoree
regained consciousness, she was glad to see her
husband by her bedside but worried that he was
flanked by two red-turbaned constables. Ignoring
her own suffering, Bhodoree asked Sishuram
whether he had been eating well. With folded
hands, she begged that her husband be released
and vowed that he was in no way guilty. She
claimed that her injuries were a result of carelessly
stumbling and falling on the standing moidaa.
Hearing his wife speaking in his defence,
Sishuram could not control his tears. He urged
that he be hanged to death, pleading guilty to
assaulting his loving and caring wife. Within a
few days, Bhodoree was discharged. Despite her
fervent appeals, Sishuram was sentenced to three
months of rigorous imprisonment. He walked into
the jail, happy to serve the sentence, while
Bhodoree cried all the way home.
Shristee woke up with a start to a pitch dark
room. She had dozed off on the couch and the
sun had gone down long since. She stretched out,
switched on the nearby lamp and shook her head
as if to clear it of the thoughts of Bhodoree and
Sishuram. Shristee wondered whether she could
call it a dream or a nightmare and realised that it
was neither. Rather, it was the effect that the story
of Bhodoree had left on Shristee’s young,
impressionable mind. ˆ¬√1œ written by none other
than the reputed Assamese poet, novelist and
playwright, Lakshminath Bezbarua, was a chapter
in the textbook of Shristee’s Assamese
curriculum. The intimidating story involving wife-
beating had not gone down well with the sensitive
young girl of Class VII. Shristee could not for the
life of her fathom why Bhodoree allowed herself
to be abused and thrashed by her husband, and
she deeply resented Sishuram for his irrational,
explosive anger. She felt blessed that she and her
brother Ritwik had never witnessed the slightest
bickering between their parents. However, the
occasional bruises and black eye on Rukmini, their
house-help, would invariably disturb her. Shristee’s
innocent mind assumed that domestic violence
was perhaps confined to the socio-economically
backward class.
Shristee and Swapnil had met in Pune at a
party thrown by a common friend. They soon
discovered that they enjoyed each other’s company
and shared many common interests. The strongest
binding factor, of course, was their craze for
Assamese cuisine. Within a couple of years they
became close enough to consider spending the
rest of their lives together. Their families were
happy about the match and the wedding was
celebrated with much pomp and gaiety.
The first three years of their marriage passed
as smooth as silk; almost like a joyous
honeymoon. Based out of Pune, Swapnil worked
in the IT sector while Shristee was a content writer
who pursued art as her passion. They struck a
good work-life balance and were blissfully happy
and content together. It was not as if Shristee was
completely unaware of Swapnil’s sporadic mood
swings and outbursts, but since they were never
directed towards her, she chose to ignore them.
The warning bells began to ring at the start
of their fourth year of marriage. There was a
151
definite change in Swapnil’s attitude. He would
often return from work in a bad mood and his
anxieties and frustrations would manifest as
temper tantrums. Swapnil blamed it on work-
related stress. It upset Shristee and scared her
too. She tried her best to pacify and comfort him,
but soon she realised that Swapnil was best left
alone during those episodes of disruptive
behaviour, as he would build a shatterproof glass
wall around him. With time, his flare-ups became
more frequent, interspersed with spells of silence.
She felt sad that their outings and weekend
getaways became few and far between. Swapnil’s
heated arguments with his colleagues over the
phone, if and when they tried to reason with him,
would invariably alarm Shristee. It troubled her
when he would pick a fight with her for silly
reasons and sometimes even without any reason.
The challenge of keeping up a brave front and
pretending that all was well began to take a toll
on her day-to-day life and also affected her work.
Their friends, who were mostly Swapnil’s
colleagues, started avoiding them and Shristee
began to feel lonely and helpless.
All this while, she had refrained from
confiding in her family because her parents were
on medication for hypertension and cardiac
ailments and she did not want to burden them
with worries. She knew that telling Swapnil’s
parents about his faults and failings would be like
pouring water on a duck’s back. So, Shristee
decided to talk to her brother. She felt as if a load
was off her chest after she called him and poured
her heart out. Ritwik decided to pay them a casual
visit on the pretext of some office work at Pune.
The two men, contemporaries in age, had many
man-to-man talks about work and life and
exchanged friendly banter. Much to Shristee’s
surprise, Swapnil remained in the best of
behaviour, showing no trace of anger or mood
swing throughout Ritwik visit. Naturally it became
difficult for Ritwik to bring up the issue let alone
discuss and resolve it. No sooner had Ritwik left,
than Swapnil returned to his true colours.
When the jibes and insults directed at her
became too frequent, Shristee could not help feeling
apprehensive that Swapnil might someday go
beyond and perhaps hurt her physically. Never in
her wildest dreams had it ever occurred to her that
she would have to face an abusive husband. She
found her sleep being disturbed by the nightmare
of Bhodoree and Sishuram; it worried her to see
Swapnil and herself playing their roles. Shristee’s
patience was gradually wearing thin. It was only
because of her deep love for her husband that
despite being a confident, no-nonsense, financially
independent young lady, she had been tolerating
Swapnil’s unreasonable and pugnacious behaviour
for the past year. Shristee wished with all her heart
that Swapnil would seek professional help from a
qualified counsellor. To her bewilderment, when
she finally broached the topic and tried to gently
coax him to consult a therapist, it made Swapnil
react violently. He began to yell at the top of his
voice accusing her of questioning his sanity and
blaming him for an unsound mind. Shristee was
flabbergasted; she tried to convince him that such
thoughts were furthest from her mind, but the
infuriated Swapnil’s yells and abuses quickly grew
to a crescendo. He started throwing things, and for
the first time, he lunged at her! Too shocked to react,
Shristee was in a daze as she felt the first slap on
her face followed by many more. Her pleas and
attempts to escape angered him further. Finally,
summoning all her strength, Shristee pushed
Swapnil hard, making him fall on his back with a
thud. She dashed towards the door and not only
made a timely escape but also managed to lock the
door from outside.
152
Petrified by what had just happened, Shristee
found herself trembling like a leaf apart from
being in pain and shock. She took wobbly steps
to the nearest chair. After taking a few deep
breaths, she rummaged her phone from her pocket
and called the police helpline. Help arrived shortly
and Swapnil was whisked off. Shristee debated
whether to call one of her friends but decided
that she needed to do this by herself. Ignoring the
roving eyes and hushed whispers of inquisitive
neighbours, she got into her car and drove to the
police station where she lodged an FIR. She went
to see Swapnil wondering what he would have to
say to her. He refused to meet her eyes but
mumbled an apology. Distraught and devastated,
Shristee drove back home.
With the support of her family, and by mutual
consent, the divorce settlement came through
amicably the following year. The trauma of
emotional abuse and the possibility of another
physical attack deterred and dissuaded Shristee
from continuing the marriage. Shristee and
Swapnil decided to bear no hard feelings, keep
the good memories and promised to wish each
other well.
The story that she had read as a young girl
had provided Shristee with much food for thought.
It probably made sense for Bhodoree, a meek
village lady, totally dependent on her husband
and bogged down by social norms, to patiently
tolerate her husband’s repeated verbal and physical
abuse. However, to Shristee, a financially
independent, smart, young, urbane woman of the
present generation, domestic violence in any form,
be it emotional abuse, verbal abuse, even a single
episode of physical violence was not only
unacceptable but also condemnable.
The Treasure
Vikrant Saikia

Who wants to see the treasure? I...I...I…

Gang broke the door! Beware
We don’t know what could be there!
Boing, skeleton, run!
Okay, who is ready to crawl the creepy tunnel?
Beware.

Want the treasure?

You may be burnt in a pyre-funeral.
So, go in and be ready to face the traps,
But don’t be a fish trapped in a tin.

Gang walked in and found a lift

Step in guys! Oh no! It crashed!
One fell down in the tunnel, boss!
Everyone jump! Else we will be like a ship
Entering the Bermuda Triangle.

Watch your step, watch your step

We all bumped into each other’s back.
Stand up, we are wasting time,
We should get the treasure fast.

Mercy! Mercy! The fire stick blew out.

Crash! Aah boss! Someone just fell down.
Close your eyes and run …
Or you will be like burning bun.

Boss! Dead end!

What? We came all the way for this?
Boom! We got the solution … ha, ha, ha!
A sign in a stone like a hole
Put the metal stick and press it hard
Turn the button and here we go….
Creak …Oh! What a good chime!
Alas! Alas! The treasure room was waiting for us.

***

Vikrant is a student of Class IV

at Whitefield Global School, Bangalore

153
Good over Evil
Orgha Goswami
From the age of 2 to 5 years I lived in
Kolkata, a place where Durga Puja is celebrated
with unimaginable enthusiasm. When I moved
from Kolkata, I carried fond memories of the city
and this included Durga Puja. During the time of
Durga Puja, I always got to buy new clothes and
toys and was offered tasty treats. I was the
youngest and the most pampered child in the
building where I lived, and the Durga Puja season
always brought good times so it naturally became
my favourite festival.
I always went to the house owner’s house,
whom I called grandma, and listened to the story
of how goddess Durga slayed the demon
Mahisasura. The weather would be pleasant so I
would go with my parents to see how the idols
were decorated. Right before the puja my mom
and I would hire a cycle rickshaw and go to see
the decoration in our neighbouring areas. Since I
was small, most people would give me small
decorative items which I would proudly keep in
my room. The neighbourhood and in fact, the
entire city, would be so grandly decorated that it
would be impossible to stay indoors. The drums
always kept playing to make sure everything in
nature knew about the festive season.
Later, we shifted to Colombo, Sri-Lanka but
the celebrations did not stop. Since there were
many Bengali people in Colombo, Durga Puja
was celebrated there too although in a less grand
manner. Still it was great fun. I made many friends
and we would do dramas and enjoy chatting with
each other. I am now in Mumbai, Maharashtra
and eagerly waiting to see what celebrations are
held here. Durga Puja has enriched my life’s pages,
and I am sure it would be the same for everyone
else.

Orgha is a student of Class VII and lives at

Thane, Maharashtra

Art- Abhiraj Chaliha Bhuyan, LKG– Sri Kumaran Children’s Home, Bangalore

154
 FIRST PRIZE
Akanksha Borah
Class VII, Samsidh MLZS HSR

Essay topic (junior group): One thing that you like about Assam

The Natural Beauty of Assam

Assam is a beautiful state. It has a wonderful
culture and cuisine. Many tourists from all across
the world visit this place to relish the authentic
Assamese culture and beauty. The dances of Bihu
and Sattriya are prevalent and attractive. They
represent the daily lives of the Assamese people
through music and acts. Rongili Bihu, Magh Bihu
and Kati Bihu are the main festivals of this state.
Some famous temples of this place are the
Kamakhya, Basistha and Hajo. This place is also
widely popular for its natural greenery, tea
plantation and forests.
Along with a tourist spot, this place is also
my hometown. I love my hometown. In spite of
living far away from my hometown, I am deep-
rooted to my culture and traditions. The thing
that I mainly appreciate here is the preservance
of the natural spots by Assam government and
their promotion for tourism. As the era of
modernisation has approached, wildlife sactuaries
and other natural spots are getting demolished
and replaced by industries. There has been less
interest among people to explore these amazing
creations of God. But this isn’t the situation in
Assam. Here, the citizens always have the
enthusiasm to maintain these sceneric places and
make then as their states identity. The best example
to prove this fact are the one-horned Rhinos of
Kaziranga. Now-a-days we’ve observed a sudden
increase in the population of these rhinos and the
number of tourist visitors to this park.
Other than Kaziranga, there are other floras
and faunas like the Manas Wildlife Sanctuary,
Dipor Bill and other places in the banks of the
Brahmaputra river. With this, Assam is earning a
better image in its tourism and fame in and around
the world.
By the influence of Assam, such
developments are also visible in the other states
of India. Other than tourism, this also promotes
the awareness of conserving environment and
natural resources. With this, I conclude to be a
proud Assamese and shall always contribute to its
better change.

155
 SECOND PRIZE
Vikrant Saikia
Class IV (Sky), Whitefield Global School

Essay topic (junior group): One thing that you like about Assam

Rhinoceros - My favorite animal of Assam

Rhinoceros is my favorite animal of Assam. Especially the one – horned rhino. It
is very rare and endangered and you can only find it here. Just like this part of “O”
murapunardeh song –
Prithiveet kotu
Bisari nopuwa…..
Rhinos are killed for their leather and the medicine made from their horns.
Kaziranga National Park is famous as you can see the one –horned rhino over here.
The two – horned basically lives in Africa .The one –horned rhino is one thing for
which Assam is very famous. The
Government has made national reserve
parks for both the animal kingdom and
the plant kingdom. Also what do you
prefer these animals should live in Zoo
or Park?
I prefer park as they are allowed to
be free, while in a zoo animals are caged.
And also as said “If a hunter kills a
rhino, in the next birth the rhino will be
the hunter and the hunter will be the
rhino.”
These are all the reasons for why I
like the one- horned rhino of Assam.

156
 First Prize
Abhijay Sarmah
Class IX, National Public School, Indiranagar

Essay topic (senior group):

Some great things of Karnataka that

I would like to see happening in Assam

I have been staying in Bangalore since my
birth, but have visited my native place frequently
too. Thus, I have seen a sharp contrast between
Karnataka and Assam in certain areas. However,
let me be very honest and frank that Assam has
many positive things in Assam which I’m really
proud of and even that needs to be highlighted on
the national level. While Assam has its flaws, it
does have its benefits too. However, there are also
few areas which need improvement. These are
the points which I highlight below.
Let’s talk about the difference in
infrastructure
I was going from Duliajan to Jorhat in 2018
to meet my grandmother during my summer
vacations and out of all the things I saw on my
way, I can’t forget one thing in particular. The
roads and the environment of Assam that I saw
along the roads. Although, it was a national
highway, the roads were really broken. From some
of them, 2 layers of asphalt were visible. Others
had potholes that were nearly 2 feet in size. The
cars, trucks, bikes, vans; all who went along the
road were having to carefully navigate it. It was
like a minefield, with the cars avoiding pothole
after pothole as if they were mines by themselves.
This is the condition of the national highways of
the north east in general, they are not in a good
shape. All around, I saw makeshift houses too.
Ones made out of simple bamboo, straw, mud
and wood. Half of the people there didn’t have
clothes to wear even. They were living for the
sake of living. The tolls were working fine, they
were charging nearly 20 rupees at the minimum
per car almost, however, the roads were broken,
the sides filled with poverty. I, living in Bangalore,
see the sharp contrast. Inside Bangalore too I agree
that the roads are horrible. This is however mainly
due to its weather and the metro constructions
going on. This is unlike national highways. The
condition of the highways are beautiful. There
are no potholes and they often have 6 or 8 lanes
with barriers of plants to help and beautify the
highways. Whether It be the road to Hampi or the
road to Chennai, these roads are very well built.
They don’t just have 2 layers of asphalt visible.
The transports didn’t have to weave round and
round the roads. Instead of poverty along the sides,

157
I saw shops. Instead of poverty, there was industry.
Some of them thrived enough to have bikes of
their own, a thing I didn’t see anywhere along
my journey from Duliajan to Jorhat. Even in the
road from Jorhat to Guwahati, there is no such
divider which one might find on the national
highways of Karnataka. This lack of dividers has
led to several accidents, not to mention the lesser
number of lanes in comparison to the national
highways of Karnataka has led to a lot of traffic
in the highways. Even the other infrastructure in
Karnataka is well developed. These highways are
not only for us, but also for the various industries
found. It is crucial for an industry to have good
roads. This is seen in Karnataka, but not in Assam.
This lack of infrastructure has led to not only
delays and inconveniences, but also deaths. Thus
I believe that Assam would have much to learn
from the infrastructure of Karnataka.
Human resources
During the British era, both Karnataka and
Assam were subjugated and oppressed. Where
Karnataka had coffee plantations and some princely
states to its name, Assam had oil and tea plantations.
Yet, their development is very different these days.
No matter how much one protests or strikes, one
thing is for sure in this nation: Money goes where
opportunity and profit is. The development of a
state determines everything for its people.
Especially, when a state develops its human
resources, it can reach spectacular heights. This
investment in human resources gives rise to several
educated and skilled people who develop the state
themselves and who are crucial to the state.
However, when the educated people keep leaving
the state, who is there to develop it? We often see,
our security guards are assamese. So many
engineers are outside of assam working in various
fields, yet how much does assambenefit? Karnataka
has the opposite. People come to Karnataka because
of how much it has developed. This didn’t happen
randomly nor overnight. Karnataka poured
immense amount of money and time into the
development of start-ups, education and healthcare.
This investment in Human resources led to
158
Bangalore getting highly developed. The
development in its infrastructure, its healthcare
and its collegeshas led to several people coming
to Bangalore to get educated. It has also led to
several people staying in Bangalore due to the job
opportunities or start-up industries found here.
This is very different from assam, where the skilled
and educated people migrate away due to lack of
jobs. While Assam might have 1 or 2 grand
colleges, it is nothing compared to the colleges
and schools Karnataka has. Also, the healthcare in
assam is not that great, much less in the villages
of assam. This is the obvious lack of development
in human resources. When these things are missing,
neither a state nor a country can develop. We have
so many uneducated people in our villages in
assam. Only some seek education actively. Those
who do, they profit immensely. Assamese people
in general are sharp, crafty and skilled. However,
if they are not educated, all of that is put to
waste.The government needs to actively partake in
this human resource development. However, even
we could do community welfare and skill
development by helping our maids or other people
like them who aren’t fortunate enough. Some of
them may be illiterate, but it is when a community
helps everyone together that the community
develops together. The development Karnataka has
put into human resources has by itself ensured job
opportunities and a friendly ecosystem for anyone
setting up their own start-up or industry. In
Karnataka, this human resource development has
led to the presence of a lot of skilled people who
are concentrated in the areas they are needed.
Suppose if one was setting up a hotel in Karnataka,
they would need skilled plumbers, electricians and
cooks. They would easily find it in Karnataka
because of how much and how many skilled people
are there in Karnataka. This brain drain that is
occurring should not. We should reverse this and
see to it that the people in assam are educated too.
So many engineers and other skilled people go
away from assam, but only if we stayed and
developed, then Assam would reach the skies. This,
I hope, would happen in Assam like it did in
Karnataka.
Modernisation and use of social media
Modernisation is what makes work more
efficient and easy. If we develop, we can use
modern methods. Look at how modernised
Bangalore is! No city in assam can compare to it.
Some villages in Karnataka, in fact, out do some
of the cities in Assam. There are villages in
Karnataka with electric supply, amazing
healthcare, continuous supply of water and
splendid education. We also see that the
equipment, tools and use of social media for
business is heavily present in Karnataka. These
things are not seen in Assam. To modernise Assam
needs several things, however the simple thing it
needs is development in its human resources. With
the development of human resources and reversal
of the brain drain will Assam modernise to the
levels that Karnataka has. This is something I
have seen in Karnataka that I have not seen in
Assam. Whether or not the people are educated,
in Karnataka they go for the modern method
almost always. In assam, people stick to tradition
than to modernisation. This is clearly visible with
the way social media is used in the 2 states. What
do people in Assam use facebook, twitter or
whatsapp for? To criticise others or to have fun
only. Even the people in Karnataka do that, but
they also make sure to look at the business side
too. They promote their own businesses in social
media. They have realised the power of it and
how it can immensely help their shops or start-
ups, something which Assam has yet to realise.
Modernisation has led to the fall and rise of
empires, so let’s make sure assammodernises and
rises.
Social discrimination
One more thing in Karnataka that is not there
in Assam is the unity and integrity of the state. I
remember going to a wedding and hearing of how
the groom and bride were different. They were
assamese sure, but they apparently were still
159
different because of their tribe and caste. Look at
how Bangalore has people of all ethnicities, castes
and religions. Yet in Assam, there is a huge
difference between a “bodo”, an “ahom”, an
“upper caste brahmin”, one from the north and
one from the south. People often get segregated
socially and economically because of this. This
unity and integrity also, I wish, was seen in Assam.
This is a thing we can learn from Karnataka.
Karnataka is a mix of so many people, marathis,
malyalis, tamils and telugus. Yet, they are open
with it and they develop and modernise. They do
not fight amongst themselves, they develop with
everyone. With unity does development come.
When the tires of car face opposite directions, the
car doesn’t move. When it all faces one direction,
the car moves. Let these tires be us, separated
from where we are but united by our cause of
taking assam forward.
These could benefit assam to unimaginable
heights. Why is the northeast known only for its
oil and not the breath-taking forests and reserves
that it has ? Why is the northeast known for people
who like Chinese and not as the land of the ‘forest
man of India’ ? Till we modernise, till we develop
our human resources and infrastructure and till
we become more accepting, we shall be known
like this by the rest of India. We are the biggest
of the 7 sisters, so let us be the ‘model’ sister and
lead the rest. Let us not just be interested in
politics and profit, but rather build a state with
modernisation to the likes of Karnataka. Lets be
known for our development and modernisation
that can surely happen if an effort is put in by
everyone, the educated, the uneducated and the
government alike. One might argue that assam
has had development and modernisation, but I
believe it has not had how much it can. I know
my assam, I know very well how much further it
can advance if it focuses on the 4 areas I
highlighted. These great things of Karnataka, I
hope, I shall see happening in Assam!
 Second Prize
Ananya Saharia
Class IX, DPS East

Essay topic (senior group):

Memorable learning and funny moments

spent in my home state Assam

Time stillness and silence. I was alone, but I didn’t feel

Sipajhar, the serene village my grandmother
grew up in, has always been my heavenly gateway.
Ever since, I first visited, I couldn’t quite find
peace anywhere else in the world. It is the place
I am truly, truly happy. I used to spend hours
pondering about questions no one would answer.
My favorite place to do this was by the lake behind
our house. And this trip was no different.
The sun was retiring for the day. I left the
humdrum of the house to sit by the lake. As I was
walking towards the water, the voices trailing off,
I felt as if I walked into a plane of complete
lonely, my thoughts gave me company. The
brimming water mirrored a calm and clear sky
where the moon hung motionless providing a hint
of light in the gloaming. I watched the mountains
on the horizon till a flock of white swans flew in
front of them.
The sun was completely gone now. I lay
down on the grass and gazed at the stars. Those
stars, those stars we see so far beyond our reach
in the cosmos made me fall into an infinite cycle
of wonder.
Was time travel possible? If it were possible,

160
why hasn’t anyone come back from future? What
is there beyond our understanding of the universe?
Millions of questions like these filled my mind
causing me to lose track of time. This chain of
thought was broken by my mother calling out to
me for dinner.
I was quiet during dinner. No one noticed
except my uncle. My uncle is a great source of
inspiration to me, I have been looking up to him
ever since I was a little kid. After dinner, he and
I decided to go for a walk. I started the
conversation by asking him if travelling through
time was possible. That day he and I talked for
hours about this topic. Now, I’ll be penning down
my understanding about this fantastic subject.
What is time? This is a term no one has
been able to attach a definition to. Some say it’s
the fourth dimension while others say it’s a unit
to define ‘how long’ something takes or lasts.
But we know that we can manipulate time by
either speeding ourselves up or bending time
itself.
Let us take the first case – speeding ourselves
up. “The faster you travel through space, the
slower you travel through time.” To understand
this statement let’s assume we’ve synced up our
watches down to the millionth second, we say
our goodbyes and I head to space. My spaceship
accelerates and I look down at your watch. I see
161
it speeding up and you see mine slowing down.
This phenomenon is called Time Dilation.
But when we see our own watches, it shows
a constant time. I keep accelerating and hit the
speed of light [3x106 m/s], you see my watch
stop which means I stop aging and I see your
watch speed up infinitely. At this point, I asked
my uncle, “What happens if we break the speed
of light? Will we travel backwards?” To which
he replied that the time paradox states that two
of the same ‘Ananyas’ cannot co-exist in the
same dimension of time. Does that mean time
travel to the past isn’t possible? Maybe it’s
possible in higher dimensions of space. This
question has vexed humanity for decades and yet
no one could come to a conclusion. Perhaps
discovering an equation defining the universe
could solve this problem. By unifying the General
Theory of Relativity and quantum physics humans
will achieve an equation that can predict anything
or satisfy our curiosity of the origin of the
universe. Does that mean this ‘Theory of quantum
gravity’ will predict its own discovery?
These questions that struck me is the result
of my productive time in Sipajhar with my uncle.
It makes me look forward to visiting Assam. This
by for has been the most memorable boost to
my learning journey and I hope to ponder more
by the lake in Sipajhar.
 Second Prize
Shreeya Phokon
Class IX

Essay topic:

Some great things of Karnataka that I

would like to see happening in Assam
Karnataka is home to twenty seven national
parks spanning the Western Ghats. It has much to
offer in the way of natural diversity, a characteristic
which can also be attributed to Assam. Karnataka
is also expanding semiconductor industry in India,
a fact which may seem to overshadow its
significance as a haven for culture and wildlife. The
insidious expansion of the Silicon Valley has,
however, created a hub for talent and awareness.
One hopes Assam may draw from the means by
which awareness is created about pressing issues
and passionate energy and creativity bring people
together to work on solutions.
The ongoing waste segregation drives in
residential complexes in Bangalore are an example
of an awareness campaign which has made an
impact. Activists – or those who feel strongly about
a particular issue (in this case, waste disposal) –
step forward and take up the challenge of making a
positive difference to their community at large. The
problem is not left to stagnate and eventually
dissipate. The youth actively involve themselves
in the process of shaping a better tomorrow.
Moreover, the collective passion and
initiative of the people are indeed something to
draw from. On a broad scale, entrepreneurs have
extended their interest in a particular field through
their innovations, which have contributed largely
to the evolving society. NGOs and youth-led
initiatives, however, also play a crucial role. For
instance student-led initiatives such as Digi-ed
create educational videos for students who had
been impacted by the pandemic’s backlash on
education. These youths stemmed initiative from
their compassion and empathy to make a
difference.
Lastly, one must draw from the synergy of
the people in Karanataka. Artistes confluence at
this cultural hotspot to grow their talents and
combine their energies for the greater good.
During the pandemic artists create journalled
things they connected with and then exchanged
their journals. Thus, they built on their
connectivity with the medium of art by sharing
their experiences and styles of expression
For Assam to bring its rich heritage to life,
it should draw from the awareness, initiative and
synergy one can find in Karnataka so that its
epitome of diversity may be vicariously
experienced and recognized.

162
 Third Prize
Drithi Das
Class VIII

Essay topic (senior group):

Memorable learning and funny moments

spent in my home state Assam
Assam in the eyes of an 11-year-old
It was unforgettable. That is what I would
say if you asked me, Drithi Das, a then 11-year-
old how my trip across Assam in the summer of
2019 was. Except, this is an essay writing
competition and if I send merely a sentence, a
definite withdrawal is guaranteed, so sit back, sip
your axomiya teawith ‘biscoot’ and experience
the world of Assam through the eyes of an 11-
year-old.
If you would ask me anytime about my
favourite long term vacation place it would always
be Guwahati. I was 11 and the only part of the
majestic state I had known about was the
metropolitan city, Guwahati. Oh boy, how wrong
would I be. This journey where all the senses in
my body were aroused in a way that I had never
experienced, would start when my aunt (Pehi)
was going to Dibrughar and asked me, my Amma
and my Appa if we would like to tag along. Of
course, I thought this was a really, very,
horrendously bad idea, because who would want
to miss the pampering of my Aita and Koka, the
momos of homophor and playing with my best
friends for just a boring trip that I didn’t even
want to go to. All the same, Appa was persistent
and to my dismay, the following day at 5am in
the morning, we made out to explore the
wilderness. It took me no more 20 minutes to
realise how thankful I was that Appa would not
budge when I tried to convince him to let me stay
in Guwahati. The fresh wind in my hair, a life
without care, the silent music that filled my mind,
the lush, green meadows as we passed, the whole
landscape made me realise how much more there
is outside of my perspective. Just as the blanket
of eventide set in, we reached Dibrughar. When
we first made it to the bazaar, I was expecting

163
this chaotic, noisy marketplace with people
screaming,vehicles acting as though the whole
road belonged to them, dirt and insects
everywhere, unhygienic food and mosquitoes all
around. Yes, while this was all true, Irealised that
I had failed to perceive a different perspective all
together. Although there was chaos and noise
everywhere, there was also the melody of folk
singers singing songs of devotion. Although dirt,
insects and mosquitoes were everywhere, I learnt
to bear it for the more optimistic part of the
Nimisha Lahon
Grade 8, National Centre for Excellence
Essay topic (senior group):
Memorable learning and funny moments
spent in my home state Assam
Assam, the place I go every summer to see
my grandparents, cousins and other relatives. I
wasn’t born in Assam but I always seemed to
have a deep connection with that place. It wasn’t
because I was Assamese or the fact that my parents
were Assamese, it was more like a feeling from
inside. The chirping of the birds, eating traditional
Assamese food on banana leaves or coming back
home after playing for hours in the scorching sun
and having to squeeze out puddles of sweat from
our clothes later. Whether it was weird, funny or
sad, every single memory has been a special one
that will always have a place in my heart
My family always travels to Assam during
the month of April because that’s when my
summer vacation begins. Coincidentally, it’s also
164
journey. Although there was unhygienic food, I
understood it would be fine if I just ate the OG
Dali, Bhaat aru AlooPitika after I went back to
the guesthouse.
This journey not only showed me the true
beauties of Aai Axom but also taught me some
secrets of life that I till believe have made an
impact on me. As Ralph Waldo Emerson had once
said, and I quote, “It is not the destination but the
journey that matters”, I now understand some
secrets of following my IKIGAI.
the time when Assam celebrates Bohag Bihu so
our family was always just in time for the
celebrations. One of my favourite and earliest
memories from Bohag Bihu happened when I was
9 years old. My mom woke us up earlier than
usual, told us to brush our teeth and then took us
outside to the garden and gave me, my sister and
my two cousins one egg each. She then explained
to us that it was a tradition for Assamese kids to
play this game during Bihu. We were all excited
and after learning how to play, we started. How
the game worked was – you would take your egg
and hit it on top of the other person’s egg, you
would not hit it too hard or too soft, just enough
for one of the eggs to slightly crack. The person
whose egg would crack would lose while the
person whose egg would remain intact would win.
We all took turns hitting our eggs against each
other’s and the final winner was … me!
I was ecstatic about winning and would even
consider it to be one of the best days of my life.
The cracked eggs were used to make omelette for
our breakfast while my egg was placed on top of
the fridge as the victorious winner. My
grandparents would always give us money on the
day of Bohag Bihu and the next day, our parents
would take us to the local flea market to buy
things of our choice. Another one of my favourite
memories is this. When me, my sister and my
cousins used to go to the flea market, we always
used to buy matching sets and that year wasn’t
any different. Matching purses, matching rings,
matching bracelets, whatever it might be. We
would walk around the market in complete
matching sets starting from headband to shoes
and end up looking like quadruplets. After buying
all that we wanted and eating to our heart’s
content, we were wondering what to do with the
remaining money left when we saw a few kids
Nabarni Das
Class IX, DPS, Whitefield
Essay topic (senior group):
Memorable learning and funny moments
spent in my home state Assam
A memorable moment is almost never
planned. An accidental fall recorded by our friends
is also memorable. We don’t try to make moments
beautiful, it just happens.
165
sitting in the corner of the streets. They were
wearing ragged clothes looking hungry. We
decided to give our remaining money to them to
which they reacted gratefully. Off they went into
the market, disappearing into the huge crowd of
people. That day, we all learned to share happiness
with others on special days and to be grateful for
the things we already have. Another special
memory of mine is something that happens every
Bihu but still is very special. Every year on the
day of Bihu, a group of Bihu dancers come to
every house in the neighbourhood and put on a
show for the spectators. I still recall my whole
family including my grandparents, aunts, uncles
and cousins sitting on the porch while the graceful
dancers danced in front of the house for us.
Every memory I’ve made in Assam has been
a special one. I have learnt many things, made
new friends there and learnt more about my
hometown. After recalling all these wonderful
memories, I am way more excited to go to Assam
again this year and experience new and more
wonderful things.
The last two years of lockdown on paper is
made to sound depressing. Locking back was it
really that bad? We all spent time with our
families, something most of us may have not had
in our usual lifestyles. Most of us even got to
experience the environment of our home towns.
For me, when we shifted to Assam, it felt as if
the world had come crushing down, until our mid-
term exams last year. After all that studying, out
of pure frustration, I barged into my parents’ room,
demanding to be sent to my friend’s house in
Silchar, which came as quite a shock to them as
it was quite far from Guwahati. I am not quite
sure what they discussed because, much to my
surprise, they allowed me to go. It was the Durga
puja holidays, a time we usually spend with our
families. But I spent that vacation with my friend.
When I landed at the Silchar airport, I had more
than 50 unread messages from her. Clearly she
failed to hide her excitement.
Last year, there was this new TV series that
was released. It was called ‘Squid Game’. One
night, at one in the morning, she got off the bed
and turned on the light. I was startled awake.
She said she wanted to watch the show. So we
did from one episode to four. We did not realise
that we had been watching for over four hours.
It was down when we decided we should have
gone back to sleep. We tried writing songs
together and yes, we failed miserably. We had
our best moments listing to music though. I
would dance and she would call me crazy. At
first, our friends did not know of my visit. To
surprise them, we called them from both our
phones and I spoke from hers while she was
166
posing as me from mine. One night, her family
made us watch videos of skeletons dancing to
Bihu music. I would not be surprised if people
thought we were all crazy. We went to multiple
Durga Puja pandals too. My personal favourite
was the one with all the idols having a golden
hue. What a breathtaking view that was. Though
they had one missing component. The cultural
programs. None of the pandals we went to had
any dance or live music. Nonetheless, they were
all beautiful. One fine night, while lying in bed,
we made a promise to each other that we should
always remain the best of friends. She told me,
“We are friends by chance, just that circumstance
does not define our friendship. We are sisters by
choice.” That was the most memorable of all the
moments we shared together. When we had first
met, out class teacher made us sit together, in
the third grade. That was to keep me from talking
to my previous bench partners. We could say it
was just a trail run. Five years later, we vowed
to stay true to our friendship. Now in our sixth
year together, she still sits right next to me in
class. “To the end of trial runs, and beginning
of sure things” this was said by Colleen Hoover
in the book ‘It ends with us’. The trial run being
us sitting together, and the sure thing being our
friendship and love for each other.
Cheers to many more years of love and
memorable moments, for these moments remain
in our hearts always and forever.
167
168
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