1

名
%

S herical coordinate system

ee
,
σ , 1) Rir) ⑤ ( θ) Ψ ( p )

Separation
o
Varidble 辽

ㄇ
—

_入
o

(
學 0 ( ↑
@
=
sin - - 3o
. Sin θ册

!
obt ain relationship from opart

0
sin θ⑩' "osmo
=λ ⑩ 器
0
回

l
The solutions depends on
your
m
⼀
⼀

I Lonside m = case m= 0 eimd = const ,

( d cdse of symmetric problem )

出
“ 。
0
sinO⑩① )
/

L = λosin θ⑩ ( O )
 Legendre ' s Eqi ∴
( 'O - nosn θ⑤ ( o )
j sin OHco

。 X = COS
y( x
)
) = 10
1
→

()- x
*
1

y x)
" j =λ 0 y (x )
N
↓

7
d θ→ dx -
1 ≤ x ≤ 1
( x)
Oy (x) =λ oy
” 、

不 |
晶叔 opevator
eigenvalue
Problem
= -

sinox =
1 x
2
歲 NOT arbitary
-

It TS
-

I singular points ; X = ± 1

dropout
series
methods of Frobenius = power expansion

ylxanxsen
= ,
aotom ,
s
=
…

N
This geries are NoT convergence ,
if allowed n =∞

x
- ∵ 1
” Xa ≤=+∴>
1 ” 是收⽗ ,

If allowed n :
finite

>
if λo = -
l ( l+ 1 )

= The series will ln

terminata at =

polynonil
yix) Pe ( ) alled
tagendre = x

H
"
n ( n+ 1 ) l Llt )
auxn
-

Ʃ with an + z
=
an
m = O
( n +1 ) ( nt 2)

Pi
=
1
0
 ( Pelx ) =
xepecy
- ⽰
Peisaeiyenfanctionof (
→
λ0 =
lll+ 1 ]
- Ne =
l ( lt 1) is
-

a eigenfanction of c

v
^
( fx) =
Xsf
( 1- 'i I=
selt -

ajoint gey
= (] gex- Jx fa *
第 Hermitian a
川
defimition
0

fix) gix) arearbitary

, !

1 ) ttix Tx
"

li llL - " ( I - gux

tu gcn x " 1 " 0

kg
*
lf
*
f x gix) ' } *( x)
|共
f
[x ) | <x ) ( 1 x
g
=
- -
-
= 0

different eigenfuuction are

orthogonally
"
Ja x
*

um ) Luncx ) cumx * ]
<x -

unx ) ) = 0

⼀ — *

λnlnlx ) λ mlm (X )

"
, Ja
*
0
nn um ix ) unlx) dx
=
x -

"
if la umtundx
{
nt m =
0

Tt n = m →
Jab
*
un undx to

v
判斷
① 垂直

…
Pe tper ifete ② 偶數奇數 ,

< Pe ,
Pe ' >

= li Pepi dx =1 See