Question no.

01
What is the difference between surface
tension and interfacial tension?
Answer no.01
Surface tension is different from interfacial
tension in a way that in surface tension,
Molecules within the bulk over liquid are
subjected to attractive forces equally in all
directions whereas doors at the surface have
very little from the vapor and so show
experience a net pull into the liquid. Molecules
very near the surface also experiences small net
in ward attraction and so the surface should be
considered more as a reason about two or
three molecules thick rather than a
monomolecular layer. The imbalance of forces
results in some molecules been withdrawal into
the bulk, thereby slightly increasing the
intermolecular distance within the surface
giving the latter the character of a stretched
elastic membrane. That is the surface is under
tension, on the other hand interfacial tension
comes into existence when a two component
system separates into two liquid phase in which
the molecules are subjected to unbalanced
forces, incomplete miscibility of the two
components arises because of a difference in
the attraction forces between the two kinds of
molecules and it is the difference which results
in the imbalance of attraction forces across the
interface. Several types of interface can exist
depending on whether the two adjacent faces
are in solid, liquid or gaseous state.

Question no.02
what is the difference between surface
free energy of surface molecules and
interface molecules?
Answer no.02
The difference between surface free
energy of surface molecules and
interface Molecules are:
That the surface free energy of surface
molecules is higher than the surface free
energy of interface molecules because
the surface molecules are pulled by
cohesive forces from three dimensions
due to which the surface molecules have
capacity to move. On the other hand,
the interface molecules are pulled by all
the dimensions due to which interface
molecules are get interacted by the
molecules of both the phases into the
bulk which pull the interface molecules.
 And the interface molecules are pulled
by cohesive forces from three dimension
in one face and are pulled by adhesive
force from one dimension in another
phase. So in this system cohesive forces
are greater than the adhesive forces and
the more the cohesive forces, the more
its surface free energy will reduce and as
we know that the adhesive forces of
liquid molecules are greater than the
adhesive forces of gas molecules So the
surface free energy of interface
molecules is lower than the surface free
energy of surface molecules.

Question no.03
What is the effect of liquid
concentration on surface tension?
Answer no.03
Highly soluble substances like sodium
chloride in water, increase the surface
tension of liquid. If the solute is less
soluble, then the surface tension of
liquid decreases. For Example: Soap and
phenol decrease the surface tension of
water.

ERUM FATIMA
S19PHM22
 5093
DR. BILQUEES

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