TUGAS II

KELAS TERMODINAMIKA I

Deadline: Sabtu, 11 November 2023, Pukul 10.00 WIB

A. Exercises: Things Engineer Thinks About

1. What are several things you as an individual can do to reduce energy use in your home?
While meeting your transportation needs?
2. Why is it incorrect to say that a system contains heat?
3. After running 5 miles on a treadmill at her campus rec center, Ashley observes that the
treadmill belt is warm to the touch. Why is the belt warm? is considered work and not
heat transfer. Why?
4. For good acceleration, what is more important for an automobile engine, horsepower or
torque?
5. For polytropic expansion or compression, what causes the value of n to vary from process
to process?
6. When two amusement park bumper cars collide head-on and come to a stop, how do you
account for the kinetic energy the pair had just before the collision?
7. What forms of energy and energy transfer are present in the life cycle of a thunderstorm?
8. Steve has a pedometer that reads kilocalories burned. How many miles does he need to
walk to burn off the candy bar he ate while watching a movie?
9. Why does popcorn pop?
10. You notice that a slab of dry ice seems to disappear over time. What happens to it? Why
doesn’t it melt?
11. What is the price of tap water, per liter, where you live and how does this compare to the
average price of tap water in the United States?
12. After your car sits outside under the night sky, its windows are covered with frost even
though the lowest overnight temperature was only 418F. Why does the frost form?
13. An automobile’s radiator cap is labeled “Never open when hot.” Why not?
14. Do specific volume and specific internal energy fix the state of a simple compressible
system? If so, how can you use the steam tables to find the state for H2O?
 15. How many minutes do you have to exercise to burn the calories in a helping of your
favorite dessert?

B. Problem: Developing Engineering Skills

1. A baseball has a mass of 0.3 lb. What is the kinetic energy relative to home plate of a 94
mile per hour fastball, in Btu?

2. During the packaging process, a can of soda of mass 0.4 kg moves down a surface
inclined 20% relative to the horizontal, as shown in Fig. P2.15. The can is acted upon
by a constant force R parallel to the incline and by the force of gravity. The magnitude
of the constant force R is 0.05 N. Ignoring friction between the can and the inclined
surface, determine the can’s change in kinetic energy, in J, and whether it is increasing
or decreasing. If friction between the can and the inclined surface were significant, what
effect would that have on the value of the change in kinetic energy? Let g 5 9.8 m/s2.

3. Jack, who weighs 150 lbf, runs 5 miles in 43 minutes on a treadmill set at a one-degree
incline (Fig. P2.17). The treadmill display shows he has burned 620 kcal. For Jack to
break even calorie-wise, how much vanilla ice cream, in cups, may he have after his
workout?
4. The belt sander shown in Fig. P2.36 has a belt speed of 1500 ft/min. The coefficient of
friction between the sander and a plywood surface being finished is 0.2. If the downward
(normal) force on the sander is 15 lbf, determine (a) the power transmitted by the belt,
in Btu/s and hp, and (b) the work done in one minute of sanding, in Btu.

5. The outer surface of the grill hood shown in Fig. P2.55 is at 478C and the emissivity is
0.93. The heat transfer coefficient for convection between the hood and the surroundings
at 278C is 10 W/m2 ! K. Determine the net rate of heat transfer between the grill hood
and the surroundings by convection and radiation, in kW per m2 of surface area.

6. An electric motor draws a current of 10 amp with a voltage of 110 V, as shown in Fig.
P2.62. The output shaft develops a torque of 9.7 N ! m and a rotational speed of 1000
RPM. For operation at steady state, determine for the motor (a) the electric power
 required, in kW. (b) the power developed by the output shaft, in kW. (c) the average
surface temperature, Ts, in 8C, if heat transfer occurs by convection to the surroundings
at Tf = 218C.

7. A concentrating solar collector system, as shown in Fig. P2.85, provides energy by heat
transfer to a power cycle at a rate of 2 MW. The cycle thermal efficiency is 36%.
Determine the power developed by the cycle, in MW. What is the work output, in MW
? h, for 4380 hours of steady-state operation? If the work is valued at $0.08/kW ? h,
what is the total dollar value of the work output?

8. As shown in Fig. P3.21 0.1 kg of water is contained

within a piston–cylinder assembly at 1008C. The piston
is free to move smoothly in the cylinder. The local
atmospheric pressure and acceleration of gravity are 100
kPa and 9.81 m/s2 , respectively. For the water,
determine the pressure, in kPa, and volume, in cm3 .
9. As shown in Fig. P3.60, a rigid, closed tank having a volume of 20 ft3 and filled with
75 lb of Refrigerant 134a is exposed to the sun. At 9:00 a.m., the refrigerant is at a
pressure of 100 lbf/in.2 By 3:00 p.m., owing to solar radiation, the refrigerant is a
saturated vapor at a pressure greater than 100 lbf/in.2 For the refrigerant, determine (a)
the initial temperature, in 8F, (b) the final pressure, in lbf/in.2 , and (c) the heat transfer,
in Btu.

10. As shown in Fig. P3.64, a closed, rigid tank fitted with a fine-wire electric resistor is
filled with Refrigerant 22, initially at 2108C, a quality of 80%, and a volume of 0.01 m3
. A 12-volt battery provides a 5-amp current to the resistor for 5 minutes. If the final
temperature of the refrigerant is 408C, determine the heat transfer, in kJ, from the
refrigerant.

11. Figure P3.84 shows a piston–cylinder assembly fitted with a spring. The cylinder
contains water, initially at 10008F, and the spring is in a vacuum. The piston face,
which has an area of 20 in.2 , is initially at x1 5 20 in. The water is cooled until the
piston face is at x2 5 16 in. The force exerted by the spring varies linearly with x
according to Fspring 5 kx, where k 5 200 lbf/in. Friction between the piston and
cylinder is negligible. For the water, determine:
(a) the initial and final pressures, each in lbf/in.2
(b) the amount of water present, in lb.
(c) the work, in Btu.
(d) the heat transfer, in Btu.
12. Shown in Fig. P3.87 is an insulated copper block that receives energy at a rate of 100 W
from an embedded resistor. If the block has a volume of 1023 m3 and an initial
temperature of 208C, how long would it take, in minutes, for the temperature to reach
608C? Data for copper are provided in Table A-19.

13. As shown in Fig. P3.129, one side of a rigid, insulated container initially holds 2 m3 of
air at 278C, 0.3 MPa. The air is separated by a thin membrane from an evacuated volume
of 3 m3 . Owing to the pressure of the air, the membrane stretches and eventually bursts,
allowing the air to occupy the full volume. Assuming the ideal gas model for the air,
determine (a) the mass of the air, in kg, (b) the final temperature of the air, in K, and (c)
the final pressure of the air, in Mpa

SELAMAT MENGERJAKAN
C. Ketentuan Pengumpulan Tugas
1. Tugas dikerjakan di kertas double folio dengan jelas dan rapi
2. Deadline pengumpulan paling lama di Hari Sabtu, 11 November 2023 pukul 10.00
WIB, boleh dikolektifkan pada seorang perwakilan, perwakilan menghubungi asisten
dosen terkait tempat pengumpulan. Pengumpulan bisa dilakukan sebelum deadline
yang ditentukan, bisa langsung konfirmasi ke asisten dosen.
3. Keterlambatan tidak ditoleransi