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TLE-Animal Production
Quarter 2 – Module 1
Brooding
TLE – Grade 9
Alternative Delivery Mode
Quarter 2 – Module 1: Brooding
First Edition, 2020

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Published by the Department of Education

Secretary: Leonor Magtolis Briones
Undersecretary: Diosdado M. San Antonio

Development Team of the Module

Writer: Desan P. Mondia
Editor: Eva May L. Baguio
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Management Team: Senen Priscillo P. Paulin, CESO V Rosela R. Abiera
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Nilita R. Ragay, Ed.D.
Antonio B. Baguio, Jr. Ed. D.

Printed in the Philippines by ________________________

Department of Education –Region VII Schools Division of Negros Oriental

Office Address: Kagawasan, Ave., Daro, Dumaguete City, Negros Oriental

Tele #: (035) 225 2376 / 541 1117
E-mail Address: negros.oriental@deped.gov.ph
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TLE-Animal
Production
Quarter 2 – Module 1:
Brooding
 What I Need to Know

This module was designed and written with you in mind. It is here to help
you master the nature of Animal Production. The scope of this module
permits it to be used in many different learning situations. The language
used recognizes the diverse vocabulary level of students. The lessons are
arranged to follow the standard sequence of the course. But the order in
which you read them can be changed to correspond with the textbook you
are now using.

After going through this module, you are expected to:

1. discuss the importance of brooding;
2. identify the types of brooding;
3. calculate proper floor spacing during brooding; and
4. develop accuracy in providing proper temperature during brooding

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 What I Know

Choose the letter of the best answer. Write the chosen letter on a separate
sheet of paper.

1. Which statement best defines brooding?

a. The process of providing chicks with proper temperature naturally

or artificially to make them warm and comfortable.

b. The act of separating the male from the female birds.

c. The process of separating the productive from the unproductive bird.

d. The process of providing birds with proper ventilation.

2. Which among the choices below is considered the oldest-known

brooder?

a. Electric brooder c. Laying hens

b. Kerosene lamp brooder d. Mother hen

3. The ideal space requirement of 100 heads of day-old chicks to three–

weeks old chicks is _____.

a. 30 sq. ft. c. 60 sq. ft.

b. 50 sq. ft. d. 150 sq. ft.

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4. The ideal temperature of a brooder during the first week of brooding
is___________.

a. 29.4 to 30.2 °C. c. 35 to 37.78 °C.

b. 32.22 to 35 °C. d. 37.78 to 40.56 °C.

5. A group of unsexed day old chicks is known as _______?

a. day-old chicks c. started chicks

b. chicks d. straight-run chicks

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Lesson

1 Brooding

Brooding consists mainly in providing the right temperature to the

chicks either with natural or artificial source of heat to help maintain their
body temperature and for feather development. The mother hen supplies
natural heat to its young while chicks hatched in an incubator get heat from
a brooder. Brooding is done immediately after new born chicks are taken out
from the incubator. The length of the brooding period may last from two to
five weeks depending upon some factors like the rate of feathering of the
chicks and the time of year brooding is done.

Brooding can be successfully done all year round. However, provisions

for the comfort of chicks during the brooding period should be observed.
Chicks should be comfortably housed and protected from inclement
weather. Materials and other fixtures in the brooder should always be
available to ensure that chicks are given the utmost care and attention they
need.

It is best to brood chicks during summer. The brooding period is

shortened and fuel expenses are reduced when it is done in warm weather.
However, the outbreak of diseases is more common during summer and the
rearing of birds will be in time with the rainy season.

Materials Needed for Brooding

• litter materials

• brooding light/source of heat

• chick guard

• brooding house

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 https://smallfarms.cornell.edu/2014/04/cleaning-and-disinfecting-your-poultry-house/

Maintain proper temperature inside the brooding house to make

chicks feel comfortable.

The ranges of temperature ideals at various ages of broiler chicks are

as follows:

Age of Chicks (days) Temperature (◦C)

1-7 32.2-35.0
8-14 29.4-32.2
14-21 26.7-29.4
Beyond 21 days Provide heat only when necessary

Types of Brooding
Natural brooding. This is the brooding of chicks with the mother hen
or trained capon. Natural brooding is still the most common type of brooding
practiced in the rural areas. The hen after hatching the eggs rears her brood
through a natural process. A hen can conveniently brood around 12-15
chicks.

Artificial Brooding. It is the process of providing the chicks with the

required temperature to make them warm and comfortable.

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 There are different kinds of chicks to brood. The flock may be
composed of any of the following:

• Straight-run chicks. A group of chicks composed of an unsexed day old

chicks. This is preferred for the production of meat and egg.

• Sexed chicks. These are either all male or female chicks, intended for the
production of meat or egg.

1. Clean brooders well before the arrival of chicks.

a. Remove feed and water troughs and other equipment from the brooder
and bring them outside the brooder house.

b. Scrape, sweep, scrub and disinfect the brooder as well as the ceilings,
walls, and floors of the brooder house. Do the same thing with the feed and
drinking troughs and other equipment in the brooder and in the brooder
house.

2. Make a trial run of the brooder one week before the arrival of the chicks.

a. Check if the heat regulating system is properly working.

b. Buy in advance spare parts that may be needed later.

3. Check if the air circulates properly in the brooder house.

4. Use litter which readily absorb water or moisture.

5. Use two shallow fountain-type of drinker for each tier.

https://poultryfarmequipment.en.made-in-china.com/product/pXInOSBHLKYq/China-
Poultry-Equipment-Pan-Feeder-for-Breeder-Hens.html

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6. Make the brooder rat- and lizard- proof.

7. Allow adequate floor space for:

a. Broiler. This type needs 0.35 sq. ft. per day old chick during brooding:

Age Floor Space Requirement

0 – 2 weeks 0.35 sq. ft. /bird (brooding period)

2 -4 weeks 0.60 sq. ft. /bird

4 weeks to marketing 1.0 sq. ft. /bird

b. Replacement chicks (pullets) require 15 – 30 sq. cm./bird, but

requires more as they grow older.

Age Floor space requirement

0 -2 weeks 15-30 sq. cm./bird (brooding)
2 – 4 weeks 30-45 sq.cm./bird (brooding)
4 weeks and older 45-60 sq.cm.

8. Remember overcrowding of chicks may result in:

a. feather picking and cannibalism (picking the feathers and flesh of

others.

b. poor digestion and absorption of foods; and

c. uneven growth among the chicks in the group because some can

eat more than the others

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 What’s In

Direction: Answer this in your notebook.

1. Why should chicks be provided with heat especially during night time?

What’s New

Direction: Answer this in your notebook.

1. In case mother hen dies, how will you provide heat to the newly- hatched
chicks to keep them warm especially during night time?

What is It

Brooding is the process of extending the necessary heat to the chicks

to make them warm and comfortable through natural or artificial means.
This process lasts up to the time when the birds reach the age of marketing
broilers and up to their laying age for layers. The day-old chicks will stay in
the brooder pen from day 1 to day 14 so that they will be given warmth.
Learners in poultry production should know information on how to
accomplish brooding as the foundation of all poultry production. Without
the ability of learners and prospective raisers to do proper brooding
practices, the success of the poultry project is at risk.

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 What’s More

Direction: Read the problem carefully and answer this in your notebook.
Problem: If the floor space requirement per chick is 0.35 sq. ft., calculate the
floor space of your brooder if you want to brood 50 chicks. Show your
solution.

What I Have Learned

Direction: Answer this question in your notebook.

1. What might happen if there is overcrowding of chicks inside the
brooder?

What I Can Do

Direction: Collect or take pictures of natural brooding at

home and label each. Pass your out to your teacher together with your
notebook. If gadget is available, you may send it via messenger.

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 Assessment

Direction: Identify what is being described in the sentence.

1. It is the process of providing heat through the use of electricity to make
them warm and comfortable.
2. These are either all male or female chicks intended for the production of
meat and egg.
3. The process of providing the right temperature to the chicks either with
natural or artificial source of heat to help maintain their body temperature
and for feather development.
4. The best time to brood chicks because brooding period is shortened and
fuel expenses is reduced.
5. A group of chicks composed of an unsexed day old chicks.

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What I Know What's More Assessment
1. A 1. Artificial brooding
2. D
3. C 50 chicks x 0.35 sq. ft. = 2. Sexed chicks
4. B
5. D 17.5 sq. ft. 3. Brooding
4. Summer
5. Straight-run chicks
Answer Key
References
1. Valdez, Emmanuel S., et.al Agriculture and Fishery Arts
2. Anacleto B. Coronel, MS., DVM., A Primer on Animal Husbandry, Verde
Bookstore, 1971
3. Technology and Livelihood Education III Agriculture and Fishery
Technology Animal Productions, SEDP SERIES, 1992

For inquiries or feedback, please write or call:

Department of Education – Schools Division of Negros Oriental

Kagawasan, Avenue, Daro, Dumaguete City, Negros Oriental

Tel #: (035) 225 2376 / 541 1117

Email Address: negros.oriental@deped.gov.ph
Website: lrmds.depednodis.net