Basics of Weaving

Fabric
An assembly of yarn / fiber which form a structure having length, width, and
thickness.

Woven fabric
An assembly of two sets of yarn at right angle to each other which are interlaced to
form a fabric.

Weave
The order in which the warp and weft threads are interlaced in the fabric.

Warp
The length wise set of yarn in a loom which forms the lengthwise threads of the
fabric produced.

Warp count
The unit to define the thickness or diameter of the yarn used as warp.

End
A single warp yarn is known as end.

Warp density
The number of warp threads per unit length.
E.g. Ends per Inch or Ends per Cm

Weft
The threads inserted across the width of the fabric, which form the crosswise thread
of a fabric.

Weft count
The unit to define the thickness or diameter of the yarn used as weft.

Pick
A single weft yarn is known as pick.

Weft density
The number of weft threads per unit length.
E.g. Picks per Inch or Picks per Cm

The width of fabric

The perpendicular distance between the two edges of the fabric in the direction of the
weft.

Standard fabric notation

The parameter by which a fabric is defined or described

Warp count X Weft count Width, Weave, Yarn Type

Warp density X Weft density

E.g. 30S X 20S 63”, Plain weave, 100% cotton,

72 EPI X 50 PPI

The above notation is standard but some suppliers use different format.