UEEA1323 Practical 1

UEEA/UEEP 1323 Digital Electronics
Faculty Lee Kong Chian Faculty of Engineering and

Science
Department: Department of Electrical and Electronic
Engineering (D3E)
Unit Code and Name UEEA/UEEP 1323 Digital Electronics
Experiment No.: Experiment 1
Title of Experiment: Experiment 1 : Combinational Logic Circuits
Laboratory Room No. and Name: KB602
Experiment Duration (hour): Three (3) hours per lab session
Number of Student per Group 1 (physical)
Submission 1. Individual report + Prototype demonstration
(physical)
OBJECTIVES
Lab 1:
• Determine the truth table and the type of gates for TTL ICs.
• Determine the function of a combinational logic circuit
Equipment and Materials

Item Description *Item category Quantity estimation
(e.g. per set/group of student)
Lab 1:
Components
Item Quantity
7400 IC 1
7408 IC 1 W 1 set
7432 IC 2
LED 4
330 Ω resistor 4
Jumper wires 50
Breadboard E 1 set
Power supply E 1 set
IC tester E 2 per lab
*Item category
SP Sample or specimen
C Consumable
CH Chemical
W Labware, glassware, tool, and
components
E Equipment
S Software
1
Lab Manual:
Laboratory 1: Combinational Logic Circuits
Section 1: Familiar TTL ICs
Objectives:
After completing this section, you should be able to:
• Determine the truth table and the type of gates for TTL ICs.
Components
Item Quantity
7400 IC 1
7408 IC 1
7432 IC 1
LED 1
330 Ω resistor 1
Introduction
In this experiment, TTL gates will be used. On TTL ICs, an input left floating
(disconnected) is usually taken as a 1. Tie all unused inputs on the gates to be used
to the power supply voltage or ground. Supply +5 V VDD and connect VSS to
ground.
For TTL ICs:

1. A legitimate 1 input can range from 2.0 V to 5 V, and a legitimate 0 input can
range from 0 V to 0.8 V.
2. A legitimate 1 output can range from 2.4 V to 5 V, and a legitimate 0 output
can range from 0 V to 0.4 V.
We will first verify the truth tables of a variety of logic gates. DC voltages (+5V or 0V)
will be used as inputs to the logic gates. Based on the truth tables we have obtained, we
can use appropriate control signal to enable/inhibit the input signal.
2
Experiment 1
We will determine the truth table and hence the type of gates for TTL ICs 7400, 7408
and 7432.
Each of the above ICs contains four gates, and shares the same pin diagram shown in
Figure 1.
5V 4B 4A 4Y 3B 3A 3Y
14 8
1 7
1A 1B 1Y 2A 2B 2Y 0V
Figure 1: Pin Diagram for TTL ICs
Procedure
1. Construct the truth table. Write the input portion of the truth table by counting in
binary. Figure 2 shows an example for a 2-input gate.
Figure 2: Truth table of 2-input gate
2. Determine the output for each combination of the input in the truth table. To do
this, connect the inputs of the gate directly to the +5 V supply or ground as
required. Connect the outputs to the LED and current-limiting resistor of
approximately 330-Ω.
3. From the output of the truth table, determine what type of logic gate is in the ICs
7400, 7408 and 7432.
3
Section 2: Combinational Logic Circuit
Objective:
After completing this lab, you should be able to:
• Determine the function of a combinational logic circuit
Components
Item Quantity
7432 IC 2
LED 3
330 Ω resistor 3
Introduction
Before you begin wiring, it is a good practice to draw a logic diagram. A logic diagram
shows the symbol for the gates used, the pin numbers, and the IC numbers. The
following is an example.
If an accurate logic diagram is drawn before connecting the circuit, it can be used as a
guide in troubleshooting. Since the gates are independent and can be used in different
parts of a circuit, they are often identified with a letter, A, B, C, etc., and IC number,
U1, U2, etc. The three NAND gates are from the same IC U1 and the OR gate is from
IC U3.
Figure 3: Example of a logic diagram and labels
4
Experiment 2
In this experiment, a combinational logic circuit is to be constructed using 7432ICs.
.
Procedure
1. Figure 4 shows a logic diagram of a combinational logic circuit.
Figure 4: Logic diagram
2. Write the logic equations for each output.

A2 =
A1 =
A0 =
3. Fill up the Table 1 based on the equations in Step 2.

Decimal Output
Digit A2 A1 A0
0
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
Table 1: Truth Table
5
4. Refer to Figure 4, construct the combinational logic circuit using 7432 ICs only.
Insert your hookup wires away from the IC pins so that you have room to check
voltages on the pins of the IC.
5. Verify the Table 1 based on your construction. Hint: Assign value “1” to each
decimal digit separately, observe and record the value of A2, A1 and A0 respectively.
Notice that there are 8 inputs (i.e. “0”, “1”, …, “6” and “7”) and 3 outputs (i.e. A2,
A1 and A0).
Summary of what you learnt based on experiment 1 and 2.
- The End –
6
Appendix
Design Simulation
Digital Electronics Education and Design Suite (Deeds) is a set of educational tools
for Digital Electronics. It can be used as a circuit simulator. Download a latest free
copy to simulate your design from
https://www.digitalelectronicsdeeds.com/downloads.html. More details can be
referred from the website.
Circuit Construction
You will wire this lab on the bread-board. A highly recommended practice is to connect
the +5 V and ground on the buses located at the top of the bread-board as shown in the
above diagram. Each bus is in two halves. Remember to install jumper wires across the
two halves to have a continuous bus. ICs are plugged into and at the middle of the bread-
board. Short wires are connected to the power supply connection of the IC to be used.
Switches can be used to supply 1’s (+5 V) and 0’s (ground) to the inputs, or inputs can
be wired directly to +5 V or ground with jumper wire. See Figure 1a and 1b for the
connection inside a breadboard.
Figure 1a: Circuit construction
Figure 1b: The connections inside a breadboard
7
LED Connection
Outputs can be connected to light-emitting diodes (LEDs) through current-limiting
resistors of approximately 330-Ω, as shown.
Figure 2
To distinguish the anode lead from the cathode lead, one may use the trial and error
method, i.e., connect the LED in a test circuit as shown in Figure 2. If it does not light,
turn the LED around. When lit, the lead connected to ground is the cathode lead. Do
not forget to use a current-limiting resistor to prevent the LED damage.
Power Supply
The power supply has a fixed 5-V output for work in TTL or a variable supply for work
in CMOS. If the dc power supply does not have a fixed 5-V output, connect a voltmeter
across the output of a variable supply and adjust it to 5 V. A higher supply voltage can
destroy a TTL integrated circuit. Switch off supply voltages before inserting or
removing integrated circuits.
1
Experimental Report
Title of Experiment Combinational Logic Circuits

Practical Group
Student Name
Student ID No.
Date of Experiment
Experiment 1
Record your observations in the following truth tables and determine the logical
function and logical gate of the respective IC.
7400 IC (Truth table: 2m, logic function: 1m, logic gate: 1m; Total 4 marks)
B A Y
Logic function Y =
Logic gate =
B A Y
Logic function Y =
Logic gate =
B A Y
Logic function, Y =
Logic gate =
2
Experiment 2
1. Logic equations (1m each equation; Total: 3 marks)
A2 =
A1 =
A0 =
2. Truth Table (1m for each column; Total: 3 marks)
Decimal Output
Digit A2 A1 A0
0
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
3. Construction (10 Marks) – On the spot evaluate in Laboratory
Demonstration of Prototype
Prototype 1 2 3 4 5 Comment
Functionality
Workmanship
3
Rubric for Demonstration of Prototype
1 2 3 4 5
Scale/Score Poor Unsatisfactory Satisfactory Good Excellent
The prototype The prototype The prototype The prototype The prototype
has no any has few relevant has all the has all the has complete,
functionality functionality, but functions functions clear and obvious
required to occasionally required to meet required to meet functionality to
meet the adjustment is the objectives, the objectives meet the
Functionality objectives. required. but minor and operates objectives and it
adjustment is repeatedly operates
required. without excellently
adjustment or without
repair. adjustment or
repair.
Use of Unsatisfactory Satisfactory Good Excellent quality
improper workmanship workmanship workmanship of prototype with
gates/IC, poor with unfirmed with proper with proper firm and tidy
Workmanship wire cuts and gates/IC, messy gates/IC, wires gates/IC, cleanly circuit, Proper
messy wires wires and and cuts, proper gates/IC, wires,
arrangement. arrangement. arrangement. wires and wire’s colour
arrangement. usage.
4
Summary (2m for experiment 1, 2m for experiment 2; Total: 4 marks)

UEEA1323 Practical 1

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UEEA/UEEP 1323 Digital Electronics

Faculty Lee Kong Chian Faculty of Engineering and

Equipment and Materials

UEEA/UEEP 1323 Digital Electronics

Laboratory 1: Combinational Logic Circuits

Section 1: Familiar TTL ICs

For TTL ICs:

Figure 1: Pin Diagram for TTL ICs

Figure 2: Truth table of 2-input gate

Section 2: Combinational Logic Circuit

Figure 3: Example of a logic diagram and labels

1. Figure 4 shows a logic diagram of a combinational logic circuit.

Figure 4: Logic diagram

2. Write the logic equations for each output.

3. Fill up the Table 1 based on the equations in Step 2.

Summary of what you learnt based on experiment 1 and 2.

Figure 1a: Circuit construction

Figure 1b: The connections inside a breadboard

Title of Experiment Combinational Logic Circuits

1. Logic equations (1m each equation; Total: 3 marks)

2. Truth Table (1m for each column; Total: 3 marks)

3. Construction (10 Marks) – On the spot evaluate in Laboratory

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