PRONOUN

Personal Pronouns On + possessive pronoun + own = təkbaşına

I am a student We live on our own

You are a student He lives on his own
He/she/it I live on my own
We are students
You are students 1.1 İsimsiz yiyəlik əvəzlikləri
They are students Özündən sonra heçvaxt isim işlənmir

 Natalia studies at university. She is a student. Mine This is my phone. This phone is mine
 Rashid works at hospital. He is a doctor. Yours It is not your umbrella. Yours is
 I have a dog. It is so big. His/hers/its broken His pen is blue but mine is red
Ours
 There are many cats in the street. They are
Yours My friend = a friend of mine
hungry.
Theirs Our book = a book of us
Object Pronouns Reflexive Pronouns
Me Give me a book. Myself I can do it myself
You They see you Yourself I myself can do it
Him/her/it I saw him yesterday. Himself He usually talks to himself
Us Jim understands us. I Herself
You cannot hear you. Itself by + reflexive pronoun =təkbaşına
Them I don’t know them. Ourselves
Yourselves He lives by himself
Sözönu + Object Pronoun
Themselves They live by themselves
I bought a gift for her Sözönü – preposition
He went with us With – ilə, la2 Itself öz-özlüyündə mənasını da verir.
Take it from them To – ya2  Film itself was interesting but I didn’t
Tom listens to me From – dan2 like its music.
I waited for him so long For - üçün  Hotel itself is comfortable but its fee is
so high.
Possessive Pronouns
İsimli yiyəlik əvəzlikləri Özündən sonra Demonstrative Pronouns
mütləq isim tələb edir.
This – these bu – bunlar
My book Öz mənasında işlədilir: That – those o – onlar
Your car I wear my coat So/such elə/belə
His/her/its behaviour He washes his hands The same eyni
Our school She brushes her hair This tree is very old
Your phones
These trees are very young
Their ideas This is my picture That house over there is mine
It is not your bag Those houses over there are not ours
Such + noun so + adverb/ adjective Other / another
such a book so quick  Another – başqa bir
such books so hard  Another + tək sayılan isim
such advice so slowly
Another student
such + adjective+ noun another students
another information
such a beautiful girl I have read this book, give me another one
such beautiful girls
such useful advice  Other – başqa, digər
such a useful book  Other+sayılmayan/cəm
such an honest boy
such honest boys other book
such useful books other books
other information
Reciprocal pronouns I don’t know other questions

Each other Bir-birinə Söhbət iki şəxs və what +other some + other
Bir birini ya əşyadan gedərsə no+other any + other
What other books would you like to read?
We don’t know each
other Haqqında danışılan isim müəyyəndirsə the other/
the others işlədilir.

Each other’s They wear each  The others – digərləri, başqaları

(Each other’s + Bir-birinin other’s shoes The others + noun
noun)
One another Bir-birinə Söhbət ikidən artıq There are 5 workers in our department. two of
Bir birini şəxs və ya əşyadan
them are from France, the others are from
gedərsə
Turkey.
Students help one
another in the class Some/ any
 Some –bir neçə, bir qədər, bəzi
One another’s Children use one
(one Bir-birinin another’s pens  Some+cəm/sayılmayan isim
another’s+
noun) some book
some books
some information
Təsdiq cümlələrində işlədilir:
I watched some films yesterday
Təklif/xahiş mənalarında sual cümləsində
işlədilir: Would you like some coffee?
Could you give me some coffee?
 Buthem
the … these/those … possessive pr. us, you, əvəzliklərdən sonra fel həmişə təkdə işlənir.

Some of +
…+ Xəbər cəm You can go anywhere
There is no anything on the table
Did anybody call me?
Some of the books are interesting
Some of them are here Qeyd:
Some of these films are boring
Any+longer - daha İnkar və sual cümləsində
Some of my students are lazy
Any +more - daha Inkar və sual cümləsində
No + longer - daha yalnız təsdiq cümləsində
Any – heç bir, hər hansı bir
At + all - ümumiyyətlə Inkar və sual cümləsində
mənalarında yalnız sual və inkar
cümlələrində işlədilir: I don’t love you any more
I don’t love you any longer
Any+cəm/sayılmayan I love you no longer
I don’t love you at all
Any book
Any books 8. Quantifiers
Any information
8.1 much/many – çoxlu
I didn’t buy any books. much + sayılmayan isim
Do you have any questions? many +cəm isim

 Any – istənilən mənalarında təsdiq much time much information

cümlələrində işlədilir: many books many people
Any+cəm/sayılmayan/tək sayılan
Daha çox inkar və təsdiq cümlələrində işlədilir.
Any book
Any books There is no much water in the bottle.
Any information
So + many so + much
You can take any book Such + many such + much
Very many very much
Somebody – kimsə Too many too much
Someone – kimsə
Something – nəsə 8.2 a lot of / lots of / plenty of - çoxlu
Somewhere – harasa, hardasa
a lot of +sayılmayan/cəm isim
Bu əvəzliklərdən sonra fel həmişə təkdə işlənir. a lot of information a lot of books
Someone is singing lots of impressions plenty of time
Something goes wrong
Təsdiq cümlələrində işlədilir.
Sual və inkar təsdiq
Anybody – heç kim istənilən kəs I have a lot of time.
Anyone – heçkim istənilən kəs There are lots of teachers at university.
Anything – heç nə istənilən bir şey
Anywhere – heç yer(də) hara olsa Such + a lot of so + a lot of
 little/few – az The boy whom/that you met is my friend

 Canlı/cansiz isim + whose +isim

little+ sayılmayan isim
The teacher whose book you read is my uncle
few +cəm isim
 Cansız isim +which/that
little time few books
little money few apples The book which/that lays on the table is mine

very + little very + few The phone which/that I bought last year was
so+ little so + few broken
too +little too + few Qeyd:

only a few= few only a little= little Preposition+whom

Who + preposition
8.3 a little/ a few – bir az
The boy to whom you were talking is my friend
The boy who you were talking to is my friend
-Can you give me some money?
- I’m sorry, I have little money. ***
-Can you give me some money?
- Yes, I have a little money. The café where we met is being broken now
The café in which we met is being broken now
A number of / THE number of Do you know the reason why he hasn’t come to
the lesson
I don’t know what happened yesterday
A number of + cəm isim = çoxlu 10. All / the whole
A number of …. + xəbər cəm
All +sayılan (tək/cəm) / sayılmayan isim
There are/were a number of people in the street All the book
All my life
The number of + cəm isim = sayı, miqdarı All these books
The number of …. + xəbər tək All the furniture
The number of people is/was nearly 100. the …

9. Relative Pronouns
Who → that kim ki all of + these/those … + Xəbər cəm
Whom → that kimə ki/ kimi ki possessive pr. …
Whose kimin ki us, you, them
Which → that hansı ki  Canlı isim + whom/that+ mübtəda +xəbər

 Canlı isim +who/that + xəbər

The boy who/that stands there is my friend

The guys who/that stand there are my friends
All of the books are
interesting All of us
were there

The whole + tək sayılan isim

The whole book the whole time

My whole life the whole books
 We all = all of us Either of these girls was pretty
They all = all of them
Either ... or ... – ya ... ya da ...
Most of all – hamıdan çox
First of all – hər şeydən əvvəl Bu bağlayıcıdan sonra xəbər or sözündən sonra
At + all – qətiyyən İnkar və sual cümləsində gələn sözlə uzlaşır:
Either the boy or girl is here
11. Both Either the boy or girls are here

both – hər ikisi 13. Neither

Neither – heç biri

both+cəm
Neither+tək sayılan isim
both (the) books
both book
Neither book neither information
both information
Neither books neither time
the … these/those … possessive pr. … us, you, them
There are two books here. You can take neither
both of + Xəbər cəm
book.
the … these/those … possessive pr. us, you, them
Both of the girls are beautiful neither of + Xəbər tək
…
Both of those books are dull

We both=both of us Neither of those films is interesting

You both=both of you
Both ... and ... – həm ... həm də ...
Bu bağlayıcıdan sonra xəbər həmişə cəmdə olur:
Both Tom and Martin were there
Both girls and boys are ready
Neither ... nor ... – nə ... nə də ...
Bu bağlayıcıdan sonra xəbər nor sözündən sonra
gələn sözlə uzlaşır:
Neither the boy nor girl is here
Neither the boy nor girls are here

12. Either 14. Each / every

Either – ikisindən biri Each→ hər/ hər biri (ayrı-ayrılıqda)

Either+tək sayılan isim Every→ hər/ hər biri (bütünlükdə)

Either book either information Each + tək sayılan isim

Either books either time Every+ tək sayılan isim
There are two books here. You can take either
Each book each books each time
book.
Every book every books every time
the … these/those … possessive pr. … us, you, them
+ Xəbər tək Bu əvəzliklərdən sonra xəbər təkdə olur
either of
I bought two books. Each book was interesting

Either of the books is interesting I read every book in the library

 the … these/those … possessive pr. us, you, them
 None (heç biri/ yox)
each of + + Xəbər tək
…
None əvəzliyindən sonra isim işlənmir.
İs there any milk? – No, there is none.
Each of the books was interesting
Each of my friends lives abroad the …
these/those …
none of + + Xəbər tək
possessive pr. …
the … us, you, them
Every one of these/those … + Xəbər tək
possessive pr. … None of the books is exciting
us, you, them
None of these students has read this text
None of us wants to go
Every one of us is a student
Every one of these computers is expensive Nobody – heç kəs
No one – heç kəs
Everybody – hər kəs Nothing – heç nə
Everyone – hər kəs Nowhere – heç yer(də)
Everything – hər şey
Everywhere – hər yer(də) Bu əvəzliklərədən sonra xəbər həmişə təkdə
işlənir:
Bu əvəzliklərdən sonra xəbər həmişə təkdə olur:
No one is ready for the lesson
Everybody wants to go to the museum Nothing is good
Everybody was here
Everything is good No + longer - daha yalnız təsdiq cümləsində

15. Negative Pronouns I love you no longer

Inkar əvəzlikləri həmişə təsdiq və sual

cümlələrində işlədilir. İnkar cümlələrində 16. Interrogative Pronouns
işlənmir.
Who - kim
 No ( xeyr, yox, deyil ) Whom - kimi/kimə
No əvəzliyindən sonra heçvaxt artikl işlənmir. Whose – kimin
There is no book There is no a book What – nə/hansı
Which – hansı
Where – hara/harada
 Not (deyil)
How – necə
Not + a (tək sayılan isim)
Who, whom, whose əvəzlikləri əsasən canlılara
There is not a book There is not book aid olur.
Not + any ( sayılmaya/cəm) Who are you?
Who is he standing there?
There is not any water
There are not any books
Who cümlədə mübtəda olarsa ondan sonra heç What kind of … – hansı, necə
bir köməkçi fel gəlmir, xəbər birbaşa işlıdilir:
What kind of films do you love?
Who wants to go there? What kind of music do you listen to?
Who went to the shop?
Where do you live?
Who əgər cümlədə tamamlıq kimi çıxış edərsə Where are you from?
ondan sonra mütləq köməkçi fel gələcək:
How are you? – I am well
Who did you see yesterday? How is your father? – He is not bad
Who do you look at?
Whom tamamlıq vəzifəsində çıxış etdiyi üçün
ondan sonra mütləq köməkçi fel işlədilir: Self-Study

Whom do you think we should call? 1. Choose the correct variants.

Compare: … the girls were absent.
a. Both b. Each of c. All d. Every of
Who do you see? Who did you see? e. Some of
Who sees you Who saw you? 2. Choose the corect pronouns.
To whom are you speaking? The police are looking for the rubber.
Who are you speaking to? A) He, him
B) They, them
For whom are you waiting? C) They, his
Who are you waiting for you?
D) They, him
Whose əvəzliyindən sonra mütləq isim işlədilir: E) He, his
3. Choose the corect pronoun.
Whose book is this?
No ... student in our group is as
Whose photo is better?
intellegent as David.
Whose home is over there?
A) Other B) Another C) The others
What əsasən cansızlara aid olur: D) Others E) The other
4. Choose the corect pronouns.
What is your name?
What is there on the shelf? ... was enjoying the party, ... were joking,
... were talking.
What canlılara aid edilərsə peşə/vəzifə A) All, some, the others
soruşulur. B) Everyone, some, others
What are you? – I am a carpenter. C) Every, they, the others
What is your father? – He is an engineer. D) Everybody, some, another
E) All, some, others
What do you do? – I am a doctor. 5. Choose the correct variant.
What is your sister? – She is a student. ... a tall modern building, ... architecture
What hansı sualına da cavab verir. is so orginal.
A) Its, its B) It’s, it’s C) It’s, its
What color do you love? D) Its, it is E) Its,
What country would you like to travel?
Which color do you love? – blue or green?
Which day of the week do you like most?
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