PRESENTED BY GONZALES AND SALAZAR

MERILL’S
PRINCIPLES OF
INSTRUCTION
INTRODUCTION
M. David Merill, a Professor of Instructional
Technology at the Utah State University is
currently teaching online courses at Brigham
Young University Hawaii and University of Hawaii.
He believed that the most effective learning
processes or environments are problem centered
and involves learner in 5 distinct phases.
M. David Merill (2002) identified 5 instructional
design principles that promote learning when
creating learning or training environment’s
processes and products.
 1. 2. 3. 4. 5.
Problem/ Activation Demonstration Application Integration
Task
 Learning is enhanced
1. through real-world
problem-solving, starting
Problem/ with simple tasks and
Task progressing to more
complex, authentic
tasks.
 Promoting learning
2. involves activating existing
knowledge, using prior
experiences, and using
Activation teachers' cues and
questions to help students
apply their existing
knowledge effectively.
 Learners effectively absorb
2.
3. information through visual
demonstrations, promoting
learning by allowing them
Demonstration
Activation to identify areas for
improvement and
highlighting key steps in a
task.
 Merrill's Principles of instruction
promote interactive problem-
2.
3.
4. solving and task performance,
encouraging learners to apply
Demonstration
Application
Activation new knowledge and skills to
fully benefit from the learning
course, encouraging them to
complete each step
independently.
 Learning is enhanced when new
2.
3.
4.
5. knowledge is integrated into the
learner's world, allowing for skill
improvement and modification
for daily work. This principle
Demonstration
Application
Integration
Activation promotes sharing, reflection,
peer-collaboration, and peer-
criticism, improving motivation
and real-world benefits.
PRESENTED BY GONZALES AND SALAZAR

THANK
YOU VERY
MUCH!