1.

Following part of brain controls the functions of pituitary gland

a. Thalamus
b. Metathalamus
c. Hypothalamus
d. Basal nuclei
e. Tectum
2. Leptin is produced by
a. Heart
b. Pancreas
c. Stomach
d. Adipose tissue
e. Liver
3. Atrial natriuretic peptide (ANP) is produced by
a. Heart
b. Pancreas
c. Stomach
d. Adipose tissue
e. Liver
4. Following hormone is involved in regulation of appetite
a. Oxytocin
b. Leptin
c. PG- F 2
d. Vasopressin
e. Thyroxine
5. Choose a Lipid-based hormone
a. Thyroid hormones
b. Adrenaline
c. Epinephrine
d. Insulin
e. Glucagon
6. Choose a Lipid-based hormone
a. glucocorticoid
b. Adrenaline
c. Epinephrine
d. Insulin
e. Glucagon
7. The pituitary gland lies in the hypophyseal fossa of the
a. Frontal bone
b. Ethmoid bone
c. Vomer bone
d. sphenoid bone
e. temporal bone
8. The anterior pituitary (adenohypophysis) is an up growth of glandular epithelium from the
a. Larynx
b. Soft palate
c. adenoids
d. brain
e. Pharynx
9. The Posterior pituitary (neurohypophysis) is a down growth from.
a. Larynx
b. Soft palate
 c. Adenoids
d. Brain
e. Pharynx
10. GH secretion is not stimulated by
a. Growth hormone releasing hormone
b. Hypoglycaemia
c. Sleeping
d. Exercise
e. Anxiety
11. the most abundant hormone synthesized by the anterior pituitary is
a. Growth hormone
b. Oxytocin
c. Vasopressin
d. Luteinizing hormone
e. Follicle stimulating hormone
12. GH secretion is suppressed by
a. Oxytocin
b. Vasopressin
c. Luteinizing hormone
d. somatostatin
e. anxiety
13. Corticotrophin releasing hormone (CRH) from the hypothalamus promotes the synthesis and
release of_____by the anterior pituitary.
a. Follicle stimulating hormone
b. Luteinizing hormone
c. Anti-diuretic Hormone
d. Adrenaline
e. Adreno-corticotropic hormone
14. High levels of the __________is a factor in reducing the incidence of conception during lactation
a. Prolactin
b. Oxytocin
c. Vasopressin
d. Follicle stimulating hormone
e. Luteinizing hormone
15. Sex hormones secretion is gradually increased by the anterior pituitary in response to
a. Interstitial cell stimulating hormone
b. Adreno-corticotropic hormone
c. Oxytocin releasing hormone
d. Thyrotropin releasing hormone
e. Gonadotropin releasing hormone
16. In males following hormone is named as interstitial cell stimulating hormone (ICSH)
a. Prolactin
b. Oxytocin
c. Vasopressin
d. Follicle stimulating hormone
e. Luteinizing hormone
17. In males, LH stimulates the interstitial cells of the testes to secrete the following hormone
a. Estrogen
b. Progesterone
c. Testosterone
d. Dihydotestosterone
 e. Adrenaline
18. In both sexes________ stimulates production of gametes (ova or spermatozoa) by the gonads.
a. Prolactin
b. Oxytocin
c. Vasopressin
d. Follicle stimulating hormone
e. Luteinizing hormone
19. Increasing amounts of ________are released from the posterior pituitary into the bloodstream to
facilitate child birth
a. Prolactin
b. Oxytocin
c. Vasopressin
d. Progesterone
e. Estrogen
20. Increasing amounts of ________are released from the posterior pituitary into the bloodstream in
response to suckling stimulus to initiate milk production.
a. Prolactin
b. Oxytocin
c. Vasopressin
d. Progesterone
e. Estrogen
21. The posterior pituitary is formed from the nerve cells surrounded by supporting glial cells known
as
a. Astrocytes
b. Microglia
c. Ependymal cells
d. Schwann cells
e. Pituicytes
22. The posterior pituitary is formed from the axons of nerve cells originating from
a. Thalamus
b. Hypothalamus
c. Metathalamus
d. Epithalamus
e. Basal nuclei
23. The posterior pituitary is formed from the axons of nerve cells named as
a. Supra optic nucleus
b. Lamilar nucleus
c. Supra chiasmatic nucleus
d. VPL nucleus
e. VPM nucleus
24. The posterior pituitary is formed from the axons of nerve cells named as
a. Lamilar nucleus
b. Supra chiasmatic nucleus
c. Para ventricular nucleus
d. VPL nucleus
e. VPM nucleus
25. Following hormone regulates metabolism, promotes tissue growth especially of bones and
muscles
a. Growth hormone
b. Thyroid stimulating hormone
c. Adrenocorticotrophic hormone
 d. Follicle stimulating hormone
e. Luteinising hormone
26. Following hormone stimulates growth and activity of thyroid gland and secretion of T3 and T4
a. Growth hormone
b. Thyroid stimulating hormone
c. Adrenocorticotrophic hormone
d. Follicle stimulating hormone
e. Luteinising hormone
27. Following hormone stimulates the adrenal cortex to secrete glucocorticoids
a. Growth hormone
b. Thyroid stimulating hormone
c. Adrenocorticotrophic hormone
d. Follicle stimulating hormone
e. Luteinising hormone
28. Following hormone stimulates growth of breast tissue
a. Growth hormone
b. Adrenocorticotrophic hormone
c. Prolactin
d. Follicle stimulating hormone
e. Luteinising hormone
29. Following hormone stimulates milk production
a. Growth hormone
b. Adrenocorticotrophic hormone
c. Prolactin
d. Follicle stimulating hormone
e. Luteinising hormone
30. Following hormone stimulates production of sperm in the testes.
a. Growth hormone
b. Adrenocorticotrophic hormone
c. Prolactin
d. Follicle stimulating hormone
e. Luteinising hormone
31. Following hormone stimulates secretion of oestrogen by the ovaries and maturation of ovarian
follicles.
a. Growth hormone
b. Adrenocorticotrophic hormone
c. Prolactin
d. Follicle stimulating hormone
e. Luteinising hormone
32. Following hormone stimulates secretion of testosterone by the testes.
a. Thyroid stimulating hormone
b. Adrenocorticotrophic hormone
c. Prolactin
d. Follicle stimulating hormone
e. Luteinising hormone
33. Following hormone stimulates secretion of progesterone by the corpus luteum.
f. Thyroid stimulating hormone
g. Adrenocorticotrophic hormone
h. Prolactin
i. Follicle stimulating hormone
j. Luteinising hormone
34. Following hormone stimulates myoepithelial cells around the glandular cells, ejecting milk.
k. Thyroid stimulating hormone
l. Adrenocorticotrophic hormone
m. Prolactin
n. Follicle stimulating hormone
o. Luteinising hormone
35. Suckling also inhibits the release of prolactin inhibiting hormone (PIH), prolonging prolactin
secretion and lactation.
36. Following hormone level rises during sexual arousal in both males and females.
a. Prolactin
b. Oxytocin
c. Vasopressin
d. Progesterone
e. Estrogen
37. _______increases smooth muscle contraction which is associated with glandular secretion and
ejaculation in males.
a. Prolactin
b. Oxytocin
c. Vasopressin
d. Progesterone
e. Estrogen
38. In females _______ causes contraction of smooth muscle in the vagina and uterus and promotes
movement of sperm towards the uterine tubes.
a. Prolactin
b. Oxytocin
c. Vasopressin
d. Progesterone
e. Estrogen
39. Smell of _______is involved in social recognition and bonding (between mother and newborn
baby).
a. Prolactin
b. Oxytocin
c. Vasopressin
d. Progesterone
e. Estrogen
40. ADH acts on the following part of the nephrons of the kidneys
a. distal convoluted tubules
b. proximal convoluted tubules
c. loop of henle – ascending limb
d. loop of henle – descending limb
e. glomerulus
41. ADH secretion is determined by the osmotic pressure of the blood circulating to the
osmoreceptors in the
a. Thalamus
b. Hypothalamus
c. Metathalamus
d. Epithalamus
e. Basal nuclei
42. _______causes smooth muscle contraction, especially vasoconstriction in small arteries to raise
the blood pressure
a. Prolactin
 b. Oxytocin
c. Vasopressin
d. Progesterone
e. Estrogen
43. The thyroid gland is situated in the neck in front of the larynx and trachea at the level of the
vertebrae
a. C4,5,6,7
b. C5,6,7 & T1
c. C6,7& T1,2
d. C 7 & T 1,2,3
e. T1,2,3,4
44. superior thyroid artery supplying the thyroid gland is a branch of
a. subclavian artery
b. vertebral artery
c. internal thoracic artery
d. jugular artery
e. external carotid artery
45. Inferior thyroid artery supplying the thyroid gland is a branch of
a. subclavian artery
b. vertebral artery
c. internal thoracic artery
d. jugular artery
e. external carotid artery
46. The venous return of thyroid gland is by the thyroid veins, which drain into the
a. Subclavian vein
b. internal jugular vein
c. external jugular vein
d. facial vein
e. retro mandibular vein
47. ______nerve accompanies inferior thyroid artery and passes upwards close to the lobes of the
thyroid gland
a. recurrent laryngeal
b. external laryngeal
c. internal laryngeal
d. superior laryngeal
e. anterior laryngeal
48. The thyroid gland is composed of largely spherical follicles formed from the following epithelium
a. Stratified cuboidal
b. Stratified squamous
c. Simple Columnar
d. Simple squamous
e. Simple cuboidal
49. Between the thyroid follicles are other cells found singly or in small groups known as:
a. Paneth cells
b. Chief cells
c. C-cells
d. M-cells
e. Ito cells
50. Following is the hormone secreted by parafollicular C-cells
a. Calcitonin
b. Parathormone
 c. Thyroxine
d. Cortisole
e. Cortisone
51. Following is the hormone secreted by thyroid gland
a. Calcitonin
b. Parathormone
c. Somatostatin
d. Cortisole
e. Cortisone
52. _______lowers raised blood calcium (Ca2+) levels. It does this by acting on
a. Parathormone
b. Thyroxine
c. Cortisole
d. Cortisone
e. Calcitonin
53. _________acts upon the bone cells promoting their storage of calcium
a. Parathormone
b. Calcitonin
c. Thyroxine
d. Cortisole
e. Cortisone
54. _______ acts upon kidney tubules inhibiting the reabsorption of calcium
f. Parathormone
g. Calcitonin
h. Thyroxine
i. Cortisole
j. Cortisone
55. _________ increases the calcium absorption from the small intestine and reabsorption from the
renal tubules
a. Parathormone
b. Calcitonin
c. Thyroxine
d. Cortisole
e. Cortisone
56. _____stimulates osteoclasts and calcium is released from bones into the blood.
a. Parathormone
b. Calcitonin
c. Thyroxine
d. Cortisole
e. Cortisone
57. Ca is not required for the following process
a. Muscle contraction
b. Transmission of nerve impulses
c. Blood clotting
d. Endocytosis
e. Normal action of many enzymes
58. Venous drainage from the left adrenal gland leads to
a. left renal vein
b. left supra-renal vein
c. left Phrenic vein
d. left Gonadal vein
 e. inferior vena cava
59. Venous drainage from the right adrenal gland leads to
f. right renal vein
g. right supra-renal vein
h. right Phrenic vein
i. right Gonadal vein
j. inferior vena cava
60. ___________ is the main glucocorticoid secreted by adrenal cortex
a. Cortisol
b. Corticosterone
c. Cortisone
d. Testosterone
e. Androgens
61. Adrenal cortex doesn’t produce the following hormone
a. Cortisol
b. Corticosterone
c. Cortisone
d. Throxine
e. Androgens
62. Following is an example of Mineralocorticoids
f. Cortisol
g. Corticosterone
h. Cortisone
i. Testosterone
j. Aldosterone
63. In response to low blood sodium levels renin is released from the
a. Lungs
b. Heart
c. Kidney
d. Liver
e. Brain
64. Renin acts upon the plasma protein angiotensinogen, produced by the
a. Lungs
b. Heart
c. Kidney
d. Liver
e. Brain
65. Aldosterone secretion is stimulated by
a. Renin
b. Angiotensinogen
c. Angiotensin 1
d. Angiotensin converting enzyme (ACE)
e. Angiotensin 2
66. ______converts the plasma protein angiotensinogen, produced by the liver, to angiotensin 1.
a. Renin
b. Aldosterone
c. Estradiol
d. Cortisole
e. Angiotensin converting enzyme
67. Angiotensin converting enzyme (ACE) that converts angiotensin 1 to angiotensin 2 is formed in
a. Lungs
 b. Heart
c. Kidney
d. Liver
e. Brain
68. Following is the part of sympathetic nervous system
a. Thyroid gland
b. Adrenal medulla
c. Adrenal cortex
d. Liver
e. Brain
69. When stimulated by extensive sympathetic nerve supply, following gland releases adrenaline and
noradrenaline
a. Thyroid gland
b. Adrenal medulla
c. Adrenal cortex
d. Liver
e. Brain
70. After the extensive sympathetic stimulation, adrenal gland releases the following that has more
effect upon blood vessels’ diameter
a. Adrenaline
b. Noradrenaline
c. Cortisole
d. Aldosterone
e. Vasopressin
71. After the extensive sympathetic stimulation, adrenal gland releases the following that has more
effect upon the heart and metabolic processes
a. Adrenaline
b. Noradrenaline
c. Cortisole
d. Aldosterone
e. Vasopressin
72. α (alpha) cells in the pancreatic islets secrete
a. glucagon
b. insulin
c. inuline
d. somatostatin
e. vasopressin
73. β (beta) cells in the pancreatic islets secrete
a. glucagon
b. insulin
c. inuline
d. somatostatin
e. vasopressin
74. δ (delta) cells in the pancreatic islets secrete
a. glucagon
b. insulin
c. inuline
d. somatostatin
e. vasopressin
75. The pineal gland is a small body attached to the roof of the following
a. third ventricle
 b. fourth ventricle
c. lateral ventricle
d. cerebral aqueduct
e. Interventricular foramen
76. The pineal gland is a small body attached to the roof of third ventricle, secretes the following
a. Serotonin
b. Melatonin
c. Inuline
d. Dopamine
e. Dobutamine
77. ________Stimulates the red blood cell production >>
a. Erythropoietin
b. Gastrin
c. Secretin
d. Cholecystokinin
e. Leptin
78. ________Stimulates secretion of gastric juice
a. Erythropoietin
b. Gastrin
c. Secretin
d. Cholecystokinin
e. Leptin
79. ________Stimulates secretion of pancreatic juice, slows emptying of the stomach
a. Erythropoietin
b. Gastrin
c. Secretin
d. Cholecystokinin
e. Leptin
80. ________Stimulates release of bile and pancreatic juice
a. Erythropoietin
b. Gastrin
c. Secretin
d. Cholecystokinin
e. Leptin
81. Kidney is a secondary endocrine organ as it releases
a. Erythropoietin
b. Gastrin
c. Secretin
d. Cholecystokinin
e. Leptin
82. Stomach is a secondary endocrine organ as it releases
a. Erythropoietin
b. Gastrin
c. Secretin
d. Cholecystokinin
e. Leptin
83. Intestine is a secondary endocrine organ as it releases
a. Erythropoietin
b. Gastrin
c. Secretin
d. Thymosin
 e. Leptin
84. Intestine is a secondary endocrine organ as it releases
a. Erythropoietin
b. Gastrin
c. Cholecystokinin
d. Thymosin
e. Leptin
85. Adipose tissue has a secondary endocrine function as it releases
f. Erythropoietin
g. Gastrin
h. Cholecystokinin
i. Thymosin
j. Leptin
86. Erythropoietin stimulates RBCs production by its action upon …
a. Stomach
b. Bone marrow
c. Pituitary gland
d. Hypothalamus
e. Kidney
87. Leptin Provides a feeling of fullness (‘satiety’) after eating by its action upon….
f. Stomach
g. Bone marrow
h. Pituitary gland
i. Hypothalamus
j. Kidney
88. Inhibin Inhibits secretion of FSH by its action upon …..
a. Gonads
b. Bone marrow
c. Pituitary gland
d. Hypothalamus
e. Kidney
89. Atrial natriuretic peptide lowers the blood pressure its action upon …..
a. Stomach
b. Bone marrow
c. Pituitary gland
d. Hypothalamus
e. Kidney
90. Secondary endocrine function of the following is to secrete inhibin
a. Gonads
b. Bone marrow
c. Pituitary gland
d. Hypothalamus
e. Kidney
91. Secondary endocrine function of the following is to secrete ANP (atrial naturetic peptide)
a. Heart
b. Bone marrow
c. Pituitary gland
d. Hypothalamus
e. Kidney
92. Secondary endocrine function of the following is to secrete hCG
a. Ovary
 b. Bone marrow
c. Pituitary gland
d. Hypothalamus
e. Placenta
93. hCG stimulate following organ to secrete estrogen and progesterone during pregnancy.
a. Ovary
b. Bone marrow
c. Pituitary gland
d. Hypothalamus
e. Placenta
94. Following hormone secretion leads to Development of T-lymphocytes
a. Erythropoietin
b. Gastrin
c. Cholecystokinin
d. Thymosin
e. Leptin
95. Thymosin hormone induces Development of T-lymphocytes by its action upon
a. Spleen
b. Bone marrow
c. Pituitary gland
d. Hypothalamus
e. White blood cell
96. Hormone responsible for both increased capillary permeability and causing vasodilation is
a. Histamine
b. Serotonin
c. Prostaglandins
a. Prostacyclin
b. Thromboxane
97. ______ is synthesized and stored by mast cells in the tissues.
d. Histamine
e. Serotonin
f. Prostaglandins
c. Prostacyclin
d. Thromboxane
98. ______is synthesized and stored by basophils in blood.
a. Leukotrienes
b. Histamine
c. Prostaglandins
d. Prostacyclin
e. Thromboxane
99. __________released as part of the inflammatory responses caused by allergy
a. Histamine
b. Serotonin
c. Prostaglandins
d. Prostacyclin
e. Thromboxane
100. Histamine is synthesised and stored by _______ in the tissues.
a. Mast cell
b. Macrophage
c. Histiocyte
d. Basophils
 e. Fibroblast
100. Histamine is synthesised and stored by ________in blood.
a. Plasma cell
b. Basophils
c. Eosinophils
d. Leucocytes
e. Fibroblast
101. ________ is the neurotransmitter in the CNS and is known to influence mood.
a. Histamine
b. Serotonin
c. Prostaglandins
d. Prostacyclin
e. Thromboxane
102. ________is a potent aggregator of platelets
a. Leukotriene
b. Histamine
c. Prostaglandins
d. Prostacyclin
e. Thromboxane A2