Research can be categorized from various viewpoints, including

application, objectives, and inquiry mode. Here's an overview of the

types of research based on these perspectives:

1. **Based on Application:**
- **Basic Research (Pure Research):** This type of research is driven
by the pursuit of knowledge and understanding without any immediate
practical application in mind. It seeks to expand the boundaries of
human knowledge. Examples include theoretical physics and
fundamental biology.
- **Applied Research:** Applied research aims to solve specific real-
world problems or address practical issues. It uses existing knowledge to
develop practical solutions. Examples include medical research to
develop new treatments or engineering research to improve
technologies.

2. **Based on Objectives:**
- **Descriptive Research:** This type of research aims to provide an
accurate description of phenomena or events. It answers questions like
"What is happening?" without necessarily explaining why. Surveys, case
studies, and observational studies are common methods used in
descriptive research.
- **Exploratory Research:** Exploratory research is conducted when
there is limited prior knowledge about a topic. Its objective is to explore
and gain insights into a problem or phenomenon. Qualitative research
methods, such as focus groups or interviews, are often used in
exploratory research.
- **Explanatory Research (Causal Research):** Explanatory research
seeks to identify the cause-and-effect relationships between variables. It
aims to explain why certain phenomena occur. Experimental research
designs, randomized controlled trials, and longitudinal studies are
examples of methods used in explanatory research.

3. **Based on Inquiry Mode:**

- **Quantitative Research:** Quantitative research involves the
collection and analysis of numerical data. It focuses on measurable
variables and uses statistical methods to draw conclusions. Surveys,
experiments, and statistical analyses are common in quantitative
research.
 - **Qualitative Research:** Qualitative research is concerned with
understanding the underlying motivations, attitudes, and behaviors of
individuals or groups. It relies on non-numerical data such as interviews,
observations, and open-ended surveys. Qualitative research is often
used in social sciences and humanities.
- **Mixed-Methods Research:** This approach combines both
quantitative and qualitative research methods to gain a more
comprehensive understanding of a research problem. Researchers
collect and analyze both numerical and non-numerical data to address
their research questions.

These categorizations provide a framework for understanding the

diverse ways in which research can be conducted based on its intended
application, objectives, and the methods employed to gather and
analyze data. Researchers often choose the most appropriate type of
research based on their specific research questions and goals.