Review of

Related
Literature
Methods of Research for Mechanical
Engineering
 • It contains literature coming from
books, journalism, and other
Conceptual forms of material concerning or
relevant to the study, but the
Literature data-free or non-empirical
material, coming from both
foreign and local sources.
 • These are empirically-babsed, like
Research scientific paper, thesis, and
dissertations, both published and
Literature unpublished, coming from local
and foreign sources
 Purpose
It gives researchers several ideas on how to select and formulate his own
research problem.

of Review
It helps the researcher identify studies that have been done related to the topic
he is interested in.

of
It avoid possible duplication of similar studies.

It guides the researcher on the possible theoretical framework he can use for his

Related
current study.

It allows the researcher to browse several kinds of research designs, sampling

techniques, statistical procedures, and processes of presenting, analyzing, and

Literature
interpreting data, from where he could base his own choice for his paper.

It gives picture of a comparative analysis between variables used in the reviewed

materials and those used in the current study.
Basis for a Good RRL

The review material must be current (3-5 years from this date)

Literature and studies reviewed must be relevant to the study.

Findings or results of reviewed study should be objective and free of biases.

The date used in the review materials should be scrutinized in terms of methodology employed.

Review materials related to the current study should be enough to establish a strong and viable trending
of result.
 Graduate Thesis and
Dissertation

Sources of Encyclopedia of Educational

Related Research

Literature and
Books
Studies
Internet sites and resources
(website, e-journal, e-books)
Writing Introduction of a Review

Identify the general topic of the sources under discussion. Thus,

you will provide the context of your review of related literature.

Discuss what was already presented about the topic of your

paper: conflicts in a theory, conclusion, gaps in research.

Explain why the literature is worth reviewing.

 It is a way of strengthening or concretizing one’s
idea by citing the similar or relevant ideas or
findings of other researchers and authorities.

Documentation was done through footnoting or

Citation/Referencing parenthetical reference citation.

Modern writers is now using parenthetical

reference style. The style is called “American
Psychological Association Style” or APA Style
 In APA style, in-text citations are placed within
sentences and paragraphs so that it is clear what
information is being quoted or paraphrased and
whose information is being cited.

The last name of the author and the year of

Works by a publication are inserted in the text at the
appropriate point.
single author • from theory on bounded rationality (Simon,
1945)
If the name of the author or the date appear as
part of the narrative, cite only missing
information in parentheses.
Works by multiple authors
When a work has two authors, always cite both names every time the reference occurs in the text. In
parenthetical material join the names with an ampersand (&).
• as has been shown (Leiter & Maslach, 1998)

In the narrative text, join the names with the word "and.“

• as Leiter and Maslach (1998) demonstrated

When a work has three, four, or five authors, cite all authors the first time the reference occurs.

• Kahneman, Knetsch, and Thaler (1991) found

In all subsequent citations per paragraph, include only the surname of the first author followed by "et al."
(Latin for "and others") and the year of publication.
• Kahneman et al. (1991) found
 Each student furnish a copy of foreign and
local literature of their “proposed” study.

Activity No. 4: Harmonize the information following the

sequence of the questions under the

Review of statement of the problem.

Related Lift, adopt, paraphrase or quote the essential

Literature substance of a written source.

Present the output to the class within three

(3) minutes.