Page 1 of 3 CPP - SANKALP_BM-9 PH-I

CPP
BASIC MATHEMATICS: SHEET – 9
Behaviour of function (increasing and decreasing function)

NOTE-

Rate of Change of Quantities-

dy  dy 
Let y = f(x). Then, denotes the rate of change of y w.r.t. x and its value at x = a is denoted by   .
dx  dx  x a

EXERCISE
On increasing/decreasing functions-

1. Show that the function f(x) = (x3 – 6x2 + 12x – 18) is an increasing function on R.

2. Show that the function f(x) = ex is strictly increasing on R.

3. Show that f(x) = e1/x is a strictly deceasing function for all x  0.

x
4. Show that f(x) = (x – 1)e + 1 is a strictly increasing function for all x  0.

5. Show that the function f(x) = (x – sin x) is increasing for all x  R.

6. Show that the function f(x) = (x2 – x + 1) is neither increasing nor decreasing on ]0, 1[.

7. Find the intervals on which the function f(x) = 10 – 6x – 2x2 is

(a) strictly increasing (ii) strictly decreasing.

8. Find the intervals on which the function f(x) = –2x3 – 9x2 -12x + 1 is
(a) strictly increasing (ii) strictly decreasing.

9. Find the intervals on which the function f(x) = (x + 1)3 (x – 3)3is

(a) increasing (ii) decreasing.

On rate of change-

10. An edge of variable cube is increasing at the rate of 10 cm/sec. How fast the volume of the cube is
increasing when the edge is 5 cm long?

11. The radius of a circle is increasing uniformly at the rate of 4 cm/sec. Find the rate at which the area of
the circle is increasing when the radius is 8 cm.

12. The radius of a balloon is increasing at the rate of 10 cm/sec. At what rate is the surface area of the
balloon increasing when the radius is 15 cm?

13. A stone is dropped into a quiet lake and waves move in a circle at a speed of 3.5 cm/sec. At the instant
when the radius of the circular wave is 7.5 cm, how fast is the enclosed area increasing?

14. A particle moves along the curve, 6y = x3 + 2. Find the points on the curve at which the y-coordinate is
changing 8 times as fast as the x-coordinate.

15. The volume of a cube is increasing at a rate of 7 cm3/sec. How fast is the surface area increasing when
the length of an edge is 12 cm?

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Page 2 of 3 CPP - SANKALP_BM-9 PH-I
16. The volume of a cube is increasing at a constant rate. Prove that the increase in surface area varies
inversely as the length of the edge of the cube.

17. A spherical soap bubble is expanding so that its radius is increasing at the rate of 0.02 cm/sec. At what
rate is the surface area increasing when its radius is 5 cm? (Take  = 3.14).
.

18. The length x of a rectangle is decreasing at the rate of 5 cm/minute and the width y is increasing at the
rate of 4 cm/minute. When x = 8 cm and y = 6 cm, find the rate of change of (i) the perimeter, and (ii) the
area of the rectangle.

19. A 5-m long ladder is leaning against a wall. The bottom of the ladder is pulled along the ground, away
from the wall at the rate of 2m/sec. How fast is its height on the wall decreasing when the foot of the
ladder is 4m away from the wall?

20. Find the points on the curve y2 = 8x for which the abscissa and ordinate change at the same rate.
2 2
21. At what points of the ellipse 16x + 9y = 400 does the ordinate decrease at the same rate at which the
abscissa increases?

22. A man is moving away from a 40-m high tower at a speed of 2

m/s. Find the rate at which the angel of elevation of the top of the B
tower is changing when he is at a distance of 30 metres from the
foot of the tower.

40 m

A E
x

23. Find an angle x which increases twice as fast as its sine.

24. The sides of an equilateral triangle are increasing at the rate of 2 cm/sec. Find the rate at which the area
is increasing when the side is 10 cm.

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Page 3 of 3 CPP - SANKALP_BM-9 PH-I

ANSWERS

1. f(x) = (x3 – 6x2 + 12x – 18)

 f(x) = 3x2 – 12x + 12
= 3(x2 – 4x + 4) = 3(x – 2)2 0 for all x  R.
Thus f(x)  0 for all x R.Hence, f(x) is an increasing function R.
 3   3 
7. (a)  ,  (b)  ,  
 2   2 
8. (a) ]–2, –1[ (b) ]–, –2[  ]–1,  [
9. f(x) is increasing on [1, [ and decreasing on ]–, 1]

10. 750 cm3/s

11. 64π cm2/s
12. 1200π cm2/s
13. 165 cm2/s
14. (4, 11), (-4, -31/3)
15. 7/3 cm2/s

17. The surface area of the bubble is increasing at the rate of 2.512 cm2/sec . at the instance when its radius
is 5 cm
18. The area of the rectangle is increasing at the rate of 2 cm2/minute, perimeter of rectangle is decreasing at
the rate of 2 cm/minute.
19. (8/3) m/sec.
20. (2, 4)
 16   16 
21.  3, 3  and  3, 3 
   
22. 0.032 radian/second.

23.
3
24. 10 3 cm2 / s

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