It is Saturday morning and you are cleaning your bedroom.

Somehow you
bump your fish's aquarium and a small crack appears! Water is leaking
out!
What can you do to save the fish?
You have only a minute or two before the water is completely gone from
the broken aquarium.
List as many ideas as you can for saving the fish.
HOW DOES YOUR
BRAIN WORK?
NEURON
TERMINOLOGY
English Transcription Kazakh Russian
covered жабылған покрытый
gap аралық промежуток
glial cell глия жасушасы клетки глии
neuron нейрон нейрон
projection өсінді вырост
properly дұрыс правильно
spinal cord жұлын спинной мозг
to carry тасу нести
to conduct өткізу проводить
to feed қоректендіру питать
to fold бүгу сгибать
to receive қабылдау принимать
AIM
▪ establish the relationship between nerve cell structure and function
▪ analyze functions of the nervous tissue and its structural components
KEY TERMS
▪ Glial cells - cell that feeds and protects the nerve cell
▪ Neuron - a nerve cell
▪ Synapse - the connection between nerve cells
NERVOUS TISSUE
▪ Nervous system controls and regulates the body. It
mostly consists of nervous tissue.
▪ Nervous tissue contains two types of cells: neurons and
glia.

▪ Neurons accept and conduct signals.

▪ Glial cells feed and protect neurons. There are more
glial cells than neurons.
 NEURON STRUCTURE
▪ Neuron consists of three parts:
1. Body of the neuron contains most of cell organelles and
nucleus.
2. Dendrite is a short projection of a neuron. It receives the
nerve signal and transfers it to the body. One neuron
usually has many dendrites.
3. Axon is long projection of a neuron. It sends information
away from the body. A neuron usually has only one axon.
 NEURON FUNCTION
▪ Functionally neurons can be divided into three groups:
1. Sensory neurons receive signals from sensory organs
(eyes, ears, skin, tongue) and carry it to the nervous system.

2. Interneurons are located in the brain and spinal cord. They

receive signals from sensory neurons and give them to
motor neurons.

3. Motor neurons take signals from interneurons and send

them to effector cells (mostly muscle cells).
AXON TYPES
▪ Myelinated axons are covered by myelin protein.
They conduct information faster.

▪ Unmyelinated axons are not covered by myelin

protein. They conduct information slowly.
ACTIVITY 1
▪ https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=hGDvvUNU-cw

Watch carefully and identify the main topic.

What can you observe from the video?
 SYNAPSE
▪ Axon of one neuron can connect to the body or dendrites of
another neuron.
▪ This connection between two neurons is called synapse.
▪ Information passes from one neuron to another through
special molecules, called neurotransmitters.
▪ Axon produces neurotransmitters and sends it to the gap
between neurons.
▪ Then neurotransmitters connect to the second neuron.
 ACTIVITY 2
▪ SILENT!!! activity.
▪ Students divide into groups of three. Each student in a group is one type
of neuron: sensory neuron, interneuron, or motor neuron.
▪ “Sensory neuron” take cards from the teacher's table and carries it to
the “interneuron”, without reading the question. Interneuron opens the
card, reads the question, answers it. Then he folds the card and gives it
to the “motor neuron”. Motor neuron gives the card to the teacher.
▪ Teacher counts the correct answers. The group with the highest points
wins.
▪ Now answer the following questions.
1. What are functions of three types of neurons?
2. What happens if any of them does not work properly?
FACT
▪ Information travels through neurons at the speed of 274 km/h
HOMEWORK
▪ Construct the nervous tissue model using different
materials
▪ Explain all the parts and their functions.