CEMENT MANUFACTURING 2.

Pozzolana
Grand Gascon - also known as pozzolanic ash,
which is predominantly composed
Cement – binding material used in building of fine volcanic glass
and civil engineering construction - can be used to partially replace
Portland cement, reducing clinker

Joseph Aspdin ▪ Fly ash – an alternative

- from England pozzolanic material
- in 1824 took out a patent for Portland
Cement (a material that was produced 3. Coal
from a synthetic mixture of limestone - a sedimentary deposit composed
and clay) predominantly of carbon that is
readily combustible
Taiheiyo
- the Japanese term for Pacific Ocean. MANUFACTURING PROCESS:
(Mnemonics: nag QUARRYYL kami ni
CRUSH dahil RAW sa ingay ng pag CLINK ng
RAW MATERIALS: baso ko. Wa na, FINISH na. Imma carry my
(Mnemonics: CLaSP) BAG nalang)

1. Clay (20%) 1. Quarrying

- also called Kaolinite or Aluminum - process of extracting natural
oxide (Al2O3) minerals such as Limestone, Silica,
- help improve the plasticity of cement and Clay from the earth

2. Limestone (70%) 2. Crushing

- a sedimentary rock composed - primary size reduction process of
principally of Calcite or Calcium the ore from the quarry area
carbonate (CaO3) (Wobbler Crusher)
- excellent source of CaO
3. Raw Milling
3. Silica Sand (7%) - The proportioning, drying and size
- contain at least 95% Silicon dioxide reduction of the raw materials in the
(SiO₂) and less than 0.6% Iron fine grade (Vertical Roller Mill).
oxide (Fe2O3)
- essential because of high Silica
content 4. Clinkering
- The calcination process or the
4. Pyrite (3%) application of up to 1,5000C of heat
- an iron sulfide (FeS2) which is also to the raw meal to liberate the oxide
called fool's gold components from the carbonate
- iron source compounds.

OTHER MATERIALS: (Preheating --> Heating with Kiln --> Cooling)

(Mnemonics: Anong sasakyan mo pauwi ng
Miagao? - Mag GyP-Co): Calcination

1. Gypsum
- soft sulfate mineral composed of - CaO is the ingredient needed in
calcium sulfate dihydrate Cement making, not CaCO3
(CaSO4·2H2O)
- regulate the setting time of cement
 5. Finish Milling
- The fine grinding of clinker together
with gypsum and the pozzolana
mineral in ball mills to produce the
finish products Portland and
Pozzolanic Cement

6. Bagging
- The final phase in the
manufacturing process where the
cement products are packed into
40-kg or 1,000-kg bags.

CEMENT PRODUCTS:

Portland Pozzolan

-slightly costlier due -cheaper since

to more clinker lesser clinker

-higher density -lower density

-can attain high -can attain high

compressive compressive
strength at early strength at later
stage stage

-Faster settling time -Slower settling time