PROJECT UNITS

RECTIFIER UNIT
In this section single phase AC supply is first stepped down through one step down
transformer & it is given to rectifier circuit here we have used full wave bridge rectifier. A
bridge rectifier is a type of full-wave rectifier that uses four individual rectifying diodes
connected together in a closed-loop bridge configuration to efficiently convert the Alternating
Current (AC) into Direct Current (DC). It can rectify both half-cycles of an AC input sine
wave. The pulsating output of this rectifier needs to be filtered to get steady DC output for
this purpose capacitor filter is used at end stage of this section.
MAIN UNIT (MICRO-CONTROLLER & INVERTER)
MICRO-CONTROLLER SECTION
The brain of this whole project is the micro-controller board. The main purpose of this board
is to control the power circuit operation. Basically it generates control signals as per program
stored in its memory & according to that signals whole power circuit responds. So
programming and connection of its pin outs is critical job. In our project we have used
Arduino UNO board as controller unit. Figure 4.3 Micro-Controller

INVERTER
In this section of project actual work is performed of converting DC voltage from rectifier
into 3 phase AC supply. The 3 phase inverter bridge is main part of this unit; here we have
used MOSFET Bridge as an inverter circuit. The triggering of this mosfet bridge is done
through driver section specific driver circuits are not used for our circuit here we are using
simple opto-coupler based gate biased circuit with simple operation. The input for these
drivers will be provided from micro-controller unit
WORKING OF PROJECT

1. Single phase AC 230 volts, 50 Hz supply is given to the circuit

2. These 230 volts supply will be stepped down for rectification.
3. The full bridge rectifier connected at the secondary of transformer which will rectify AC
power voltage into pulsating DC voltage. This pulsating DC voltage then filtered through
electrolytic capacitor which is connected at the end of the rectifier.
4. Now this filtered DC voltage can be provided to next units of the i.e.,15 volts DC
regulator.
5. Further the filtered 15 volts DC is given to Inverter circuit.
6. Control circuit includes micro controller board (Arduino) which is rated for 5 volts input
supply & to facilitate that rated supply voltage LM7805 voltage regulator IC is used. Now
the 5Volts DC output of regulator is given to power up Arduino UNO board through Vin
and common ground pins.
7. When Arduino is powered up it starts executing its program which is downloaded in it.
8. The output of the micro-controller board is taken out from pin no. 9, 10 & 11. These pins
are designed to work as Digital as well as PWM outputs.

9. These three output pulses have a definite duty cycle in our case it is 50%, the time period
of 20ms & pulse amplitude from 0 to 5 V. But there is a phase delay between each cycle
pulse. Electrically it is measured in 120 degrees phase displacement. By converting that
phase displacement into time then each output pulse will have a time delay of 6.6667 ms.
10. As shown in the main circuit diagram each phase is provided with one MOSFET inverter
bridge leg. Each Consists of 2 MOSFETs. Both are N channels.
11. The interconnection of both MOSFETs is such done that they will act as a complementary
pair. According to the gate signal, at a time only one of the MOSFET will be turn on and
will act as short-circuited whereas 2nd one will be off so it will act as an open circuit.
12. The switching of each phase leg depends on the applied gate signal to that leg. Hence
switching of any one of the MOSFET will never affect the MOSFET pair in other phases
until their gate signal is applied (output from Arduino).
13. Therefore, inverter circuit starts switching on & off giving alternating 3 phase supply at
the output.
14. This low voltage 3 phase supply is further given to a 3-phase step-up transformer so at
primary we can get stepped up 3 phase AC supply.
15. At the output of the step-up transformer load and one oscilloscope is connected to show
generated three-phase waveform.
16. It is not in a pure form of a sine wave for voltage but 120 degrees of phase shift can be
obtained and the alternating cycles.

FINAL RESULTS

1. ARDUINO OUTPUT
2. 3 PHASE OUTPUT