3rd Year Civil Engineering

Flat Slab (Frame

Analysis Method 2)
Zagazig University Reinforced Concrete Design

➢ Example :-

Atypical floor plan of a four story building is shown.

- Live Load = 3.0 KN/m2 - Walls = 2.0 KN/m2
- Floor Covering = 2.0 KN/m2
- Columns dimensions = 400 × 400 mm
- Story height = 4.0 m
- fcu = 25 N/mm2 - fy = 360 N/mm2

It is required to :-
1) Design the flat slab and draw reinforcement details.
2) Check punching shear failure for column (C1).
3) Design of Column (C2).
5.0 m

C1 C2
5.0 m

6.0 m 6.0 m 6.0 m 2.0 m

Page No. (1) Eng / Mohamed Mansour

Zagazig University Reinforced Concrete Design

➢ Solution :-
1) Dimensions :-
L1 6000
- ts = = = 187.5 mm
32 32
- Take ts = 200 mm
- Live Load = 3.0 KN/m2 < 5.0 KN/m2
 Use ordinary flat slab.
L2 5
- Width of (C.S) = = = 2.5 m (In two directions)
2 2
L2 5
- Width of (F.S) = = = 2.5 m (In X-direction)
2 2
L2
= L1 – = 6 – 2.5 = 3.5 m (In Y-direction)
2

2) Loads :-
- wDL = ts γRC + F.C. + Walls = 0.2 × 25 + 2.0 + 2.0 = 9.0 KN/m2
- wLL = 3.0 KN/m2
wLL 3.0
- = = 0.33 < 0.75
wDL 9.0

 wsu = 1.5 ( wDL + wLL ) = 1.5 (9.0 + 3.0) = 18.0 KN/m2

3) Analysis of slab :-
 In X-direction :-

- No. of bays = 3
L1 6.0
- = = 1.2 < 1.3
L2 5.0

Page No. (2) Eng / Mohamed Mansour

Zagazig University Reinforced Concrete Design

 Use Empirical Analysis Method.

wsu Ly 2 18×5 2
- Mx = (Lx - D)2 = (6 – × 0.4)2 = 369.8 KN.m
8 3 8 3
wsu LN 2 18×5
- Mc = Lc = × (2)2 = 180 KN.m
2 2

 Distribution of Total Moment in X-direction :-

- (Mc)C.S. = 0.75 × 180 = 135 KN.m

- (Mc)F.S. = 0.25 × 180 = 45 KN.m

0.5×369.8 0.45×369.8
0.25×369.8 (Mc)C.S.= 135
= 184.9 = 166.41
= 92.45
- - -
+ + +
0.3×369.8 0.25×369.8 0.25×369.8
= 110.94 = 92.45 = 92.45

Column Strip

0.2×369.8 0.15×369.8
0.05×369.8 (Mc)C.S.= 45
= 73.96 = 55.47
= 18.49
- - -
+ + +
0.2×369.8 0.15×369.8 0.15×369.8
= 73.96 = 55.47 = 55.47

Field Strip

Page No. (3) Eng / Mohamed Mansour

Zagazig University Reinforced Concrete Design

 In Y-direction :-

- No. of bays = 2 < 3

 Use Frame Analysis Method.
- wu = wsu × LN = 18 × 6.0 = 108 KN/m
5.0 m

6.0 m Frame Strip

5.0 m

6.0 m 6.0 m 6.0 m 2.0 m

4m

wu = 108 KN/m
a c
b
4m

5m 5m

Page No. (4) Eng / Mohamed Mansour

Zagazig University Reinforced Concrete Design

• Moment of Inertia :-

400 mm
0.4×(0.4)3
- Ic = = 2.13 × 10-3 m4
12
6×(0.2)3 400 mm

200 mm
-3 4
- Is = = 4 × 10 m
12

• Stiffness :- 6.0 m

Ic 2.13×10−3
- Kc = = = 5.33 × 10-4
h 4
Is 4×10−3
- Ks = = = 8 × 10-4
L 5

• Distribution Factor for Slab :-

Ks 8×10−4
- DFs = = = 0.429 (at points (a & c))
2Kc + Ks 2×5.33×10−4 +8×10−4

Ks 8×10−4
- DFs = = = 0.3 (at points (b))
2Kc + 2Ks 2×5.33×10−4 +2×8×10−4

• Fixed End Moment :-

wu = 108 KN/m
- 225 225

5.0 m
w L2 108×(5.0)2
- FEM = = = 225 KN.m
12 12
-: ‫• قاعدة اإلشارات‬
.‫ مع عقارب الساعة موجب‬-
.‫ عكس عقارب الساعة سالب‬-

Page No. (5) Eng / Mohamed Mansour

Zagazig University Reinforced Concrete Design

a b b c

D.F. 0.429 0.3 0.3 0.429

F.E.M. - 225 225 -225 225

D.M. 96.53 0 0 - 96.53

C.O.M. 0 × 0.5 48.26 - 48.26 × 0.5 0

M.F. - 128.47 273.26 - 273.26 128.47

273.26
128.47 128.47
w L2 w L2
8 8

a b c
136.64 136.64

 Distribution of total moment in Y-direction :-

0.75×273.26
0.8×128.47 = 204.95 0.8×128.47
= 102.78 = 102.78

- -
+ +
0.55×136.64 0.55×136.64
= 75.15 = 75.15

Column Strip

Page No. (6) Eng / Mohamed Mansour

Zagazig University Reinforced Concrete Design

0.25×273.26
0.2×128.47 = 68.32 0.2×128.47
= 25.69 = 25.69

- -
+ +
0.45×136.64 0.45×136.64
= 61.49 = 61.49

Field Strip

4) Design :-

.‫نبدأ بتصميم أكبر قطاع عليه عزم موجود في االتجاهين‬

- Mu = 204.95 KN.m As
Mu
Mu ts
- d = C1 √
fcu B
B
- d = ts – cover = 200 – 20 = 180 mm
- B = 2.5 m (width of column strip)

204.95×106
 180 = C1 √
25×2500

- C1 = 3.143 J = 0.756
Mu 204.95×106
- As = = = 4183.61 mm2 / strip
fy J d 360×0.756×180

As 4183.61
- As / m = = = 1673.44 cm2 / m
B 2.5

 Use As = (7 18)/m

Page No. (7) Eng / Mohamed Mansour

Zagazig University Reinforced Concrete Design

 R.F.T in X-direction :-

(6 16)/m
(6 16)/m (6 18)/m (6 18)/m

(5 16)/m (5 16)/m (5 16)/m

Column Strip

(6 10)/m
(6 10)/m (6 12)/m (6 10)/m

(6 12)/m (6 10)/m (6 10)/m

Field Strip

 R.F.T in Y-direction :-

(7 16)/m (7 18)/m (7 16)/m

(6 12)/m (6 12)/m

Column Strip

(5 10)/m (5 12)/m (5 10)/m

(5 12)/m (5 12)/m

Field Strip

Page No. (8) Eng / Mohamed Mansour

Zagazig University Reinforced Concrete Design

5) Check of Punch of column (C1) :- dൗ

2
d 0.18
- Lx = b + = 0.4 + = 0.49 m dൗ
2 2 2
- Ly = b + d = 0.4 + 0.18 = 0.58 m

Ly
t
L1 L2
- Qu = wsu ( – Lx Ly) dൗ
2 2 b
6×5
- Qu = 18 × ( – 0.49 × 0.58) = 264.88 KN
2 Lx
- β = 1.3
- bo = 2 Lx + Ly = 2 × 0.49 + 0.58 = 1.56 m
Qu β 264.88×103 ×1.3
- qup = = = 1.226 N/mm2
bo d 1560×180
αd f
- qcup (uncracked) = min of 0.8 ( + 0.2)√ cu
bo γc

3×180 25
= 0.8 ( + 0.2)√ = 1.78 N/mm2
1560 1.5

a f
(0.5 + ) √ cu
b γc

400 25
= 0.316 (0.5 + )√ = 1.935 N/mm2
400 1.5

f 25
0.316√ cu = 0.316 √ = 1.29 N/mm2
γc 1.5

1.7 N/mm2

 qup = 1.226 N/mm2 < qcup (uncracked) = 1.29 N/mm2

O.K. Safe
Page No. (9) Eng / Mohamed Mansour
Zagazig University Reinforced Concrete Design

➢ Design of Column (C2) :-

1) Column Load :-
MX
x

400 mm
Pu
y

My
400 mm

- Pu = wsu × Area × No. of stories × 1.1

- Pu = 18 × 6 × 5 × 4 × 1.1 = 2376 KN
• Moment in X – direction (Empirical Method) :-
- Mx = 0.5 × 184.9 × 0.5 = 46.23 KN.m
• Moment in Y – direction (Frame Analysis Method) :-

‫) يتم الحصول علي العزوم‬Frame Analysis Method(‫في حالة التحليل باستخدام طريقة ال‬
.)Joint Equilibrium( ‫المؤثرة علي العمود عن طريق اتزان نقاط االتصال‬

My
273.26 273.26
- My = Zero

My

Page No. (10) Eng / Mohamed Mansour

Zagazig University Reinforced Concrete Design

2) Check of buckling :-

‫) لذلك جميع االعمدة الموجودة في المبني تعتبر‬Shear walls & Core( ‫ المبني بدون‬-
.)Unbraced Columns(
⸪ b = t = 400 mm
Heff K Ho
 λb = λt = =
t t
- Upper end :- (tc = 400 mm > ts = 200 mm) case (2)
- Lower end :- Fixed at Foundation case (1)
- From unbraced table k = 1.30

- Ho = Hf – ts = 4.0 – 0.2 = 3.8 m

K Ho 1.3×3.8
- λb = λt = = = 12.35
t 0.4

⸪ λ > 10
 The Column is Long in both directions.

3) Additional Moment :-

λ2t × t (12.35)2 × 0.4

- δt = δb = = = 0.0305 m
2000 2000
- Madd = Pu × δb = 2376 × 0. 0305 = 72.47 KN.m

Page No. (11) Eng / Mohamed Mansour

Zagazig University Reinforced Concrete Design

4) Design Moment :-

46.23 KN.m 72.47 KN.m Mx

x x x

y + y = y

72.47 KN.m My

- Mx = Max 46.23 + 72.47 = 118.7 KN.m

Pu emin = 2376 × 0.02 = 47.52 KN.m
Where :- emin = Max 0.05 × 0.4 = 0.02 m
0.02 m

- My = Max Madd = 72.47 KN.m

Pu emin = 2376 × 0.02 = 47.52 KN.m
Where :- emin = Max 0.05 × 0.4 = 0.02 m
0.02 m

MX= 118.7 KN.m

x
400 mm

Pu = 2376 KN
y

My= 72.47 KN.m 400 mm

Page No. (12) Eng / Mohamed Mansour

Zagazig University Reinforced Concrete Design

5) Design :-
Pu 2376×103
- Rb = = = 0.594
fcu b t 25×400×400

Mux 118.7×106
- = = 0.074
fcu b t2 25×400×(400)2
Muy 72.47×106
- = = 0.045
fcu b2 t 25×(400)2 ×400

- By using Biaxial (ID) with fy = 360 MPa

ξ = 0.80

Rb = 0.60

- from chart ρ = 16.7

- μ = ρ × fcu × 10-4 = 16.7 × 25 ×10-4 = 0.04175

- As = μ × b × t = 0.04175 × 400 × 400 = 6680 mm2

6) Minimum RFT :-

0.25+0.052 λmax 0.25+0.052×12.35

- As min =
100
bt=
100
× 400 × 400 = 1427.52 mm2
⸫ As > As min

- As = 6680 mm2 = (16 25)

Page No. (13) Eng / Mohamed Mansour

Zagazig University Reinforced Concrete Design

400 mm
16 25

400 mm

5 8/m

Scale 1:10

Page No. (14) Eng / Mohamed Mansour

 Zagazig University Reinforced Concrete Design

Column

1.25 m
Strip 200
6 10/m 6 12/m 6 10/m 6 10/m
Field Strip Column Strip Field Strip

6 10/m 6 10/m 6 10/m

2.5 m
5.0 m

3 10/m
3 12/m 3 10/m
3 12/m 3 10/m
3 10/m
3 10/m 3 18/m 3 10/m 3 18/m 3 10/m
3 16/m 3 10/m 3 18/m 3 10/m 3 18/m 6 16/m
3 10/m
2.5 m

3 16/m
2.5 16/m
2.5 16/m 2.5 16/m
2.5 16/m
2.5 16/m 2.5 16/m
5.0 m

2.5 m
Column

1.25 m
Strip

1.25 m 3.5 m 2.5 m 3.5 m 2.5 m 3.5 m 2.5 m

Column Field Strip Column Strip Field Strip Column Strip Field Strip Column Strip
Strip
6.0 m 6.0 m 6.0 m 2.0 m

Slab Reinforcement in X-direction

Scale 1:50

Page No. (15) Eng / Mohamed Mansour

 Zagazig University Reinforced Concrete Design

Column

10/m 5 10/m

3.5 16/m
3.5 16/m
1.25 m
Strip 200
Field Strip Column Strip Field Strip

2.5 12/m
2.5 12/m

3.5 10/m
3.5 10/m

3 12/m
3 12/m
2.5 m
5.0 m

3.5 18/m
3.5 18/m
12/m
2.5 m

3.5 10/m
3.5 10/m
2.5 12/m
2.5 12/m
5.0 m

3 12/m
10/m

3 12/m
2.5 m

3.5 16/m
3.5 16/m
Column

1.25 m

10/m
Strip

1.25 m 3.5 m 2.5 m 3.5 m 2.5 m 3.5 m 2.5 m

Column Field Strip Column Strip Field Strip Column Strip Field Strip Column Strip
Strip
6.0 m 6.0 m 6.0 m 2.0 m

Slab Reinforcement in Y-direction

Scale 1:50

Page No. (16) Eng / Mohamed Mansour

 Zagazig University Reinforced Concrete Design

10/m 5 10/m

16/m
16/m
Column

1.25 m
Strip 200

3.5 10/m 3.5

3.5 10/m 3.5
6 10/m 6 12/m 6 10/m 6 10/m
Field Strip Column Strip Field Strip

2.5 12/m
2.5 12/m
6 10/m 6 10/m 6 10/m

3 12/m
3 12/m
2.5 m
5.0 m

3 10/m
3 12/m 3 10/m

5
3 12/m 3 10/m
3 10/m
3 10/m 3 18/m 3 10/m 3 18/m 3 10/m

18/m
18/m
3 16/m 3 18/m 3 18/m 6 16/m
12/m
3 10/m 3 10/m 3 10/m
2.5 m

3 16/m
2.5 16/m
2.5 16/m 2.5 16/m

3.5
3.5
2.5 16/m
5

2.5 16/m 2.5 16/m

3.5 10/m
3.5 10/m
2.5 12/m
2.5 12/m
10/m

3 12/m
3 12/m
5.0 m

2.5 m

10/m 5

3.5 16/m
3.5 16/m
Column

1.25 m
Strip

1.25 m 3.5 m 2.5 m 3.5 m 2.5 m 3.5 m 2.5 m

Column Field Strip Column Strip Field Strip Column Strip Field Strip Column Strip
Strip
6.0 m 6.0 m 6.0 m 2.0 m

Slab Reinforcement in X & Y direction

Scale 1:50

Page No. (17) Eng / Mohamed Mansour