Design of Reinforced Concrete Lec.

36 Columns

Long Columns

Ex. 3)
Check the adequacy of the square tied column shown below. The column is an exterior ground
floor and is a part of the unbraced frame shown below. Assume 40% of the factored load is
sustained. The summation of the factored loads of the ground floor column is 14000 kN. Use
f'c=28 MPa and fy = 420 MPa. All beams are 350 600 mm in section.

Sol.)
(1) Check slenderness

Ic=0.7 Ig = 0.7( ) = 3.64 109 mm4

Ib=0.35 Ig = 0.35( ) = 2.2 109 mm4 and Ec=4700√ = 24870 MPa

( Col. = = 2.26×1010 N.mm

( )Beam = = 6.07×109 N.mm

∑ ⁄
Ѱtop = = = 7.44 (for exterior column)
∑ ⁄

Ѱtop = = 3.72 (for interior column)

Ѱbottom = 0 (for fixed end)

From alignment chart:
K = 1.6 for exterior columns

Asst. Prof. Dr. Sallal R. Abid Wasit University - Civil Engineering Department. 692
Design of Reinforced Concrete Lec.36 Columns
K = 1.41 for interior columns
Lu = 4000 – 600=3400 mm

= = 36.3 > 22 slender column

(2) Calculate δs

Ise = 2[4( (250 – 62.5)2 + 2( ]

Ise =2.386×108 mm4

Es = 200,000 MPa

EIc =

EIc = = 5.2 ×1013 N.mm2 or,

EIc = = = 3.695×1013 N.mm2 EIc = 5.256×1013 N.mm2

Pc = = × 10-3 = 17529 kN (exterior column)

Pc = = 22571 kN (interior column)

( )

∑ = 2(17529) + 2(22571) = 80200 kN

∑
= = 0.269
∑

δs = ∑ = = 1.37 > 1.0

∑

Check

= = 22.67 < = = 61 OK.

√
√

(3) Design loads

Mc = M2b + δs M2s = 100 + 1.37(400) = 648 kN.m and Pu = 2300 kN.m

(4) Compute Ø Pn

e= = = 0.282 m = 282 mm

= = 0.56 , ρg = = 0.038

Asst. Prof. Dr. Sallal R. Abid Wasit University - Civil Engineering Department. 692
Design of Reinforced Concrete Lec.36 Columns

Ɣ= = 0.75

Enter interaction diagrams to find Kn

Kn = 0.43 (Ɣ=0.8) and Kn = 0.4 (Ɣ=0.7) Kn = 0.415

Pn = 0.415(28)(500)2×10-3 = 2905 kN

ØPn= 0.65(2905) = 1888 kN < Pu = 2300 kN

Column section is not adequate.

Ex. 4)
Design column B3 in the frame shown below. The frame is braced against side sway by
elevators and stairs shaft, which consist of reinforced concrete walls cast monolithically with the
floors. Data of beams, columns and loads are as listed below. f'c = 28 MPa, fy = 420 MPa.
T-beams: b = 260 mm, h = 500 mm
Interior columns: 450×450 mm
Exterior columns: 400×400 mm
Dead loads: P = 1000 kN, M2 = 3 kN.m, M1 = -3 kN.m
Live loads: P = 750 kN, M2 = 150 kN.m, M1 = 135 kN.m

Asst. Prof. Dr. Sallal R. Abid Wasit University - Civil Engineering Department. 692
Design of Reinforced Concrete Lec.36 Columns

Sol.)
(1) Loading:
Pu = 1.2 PD + 1.6 PL = 1.2(1000) + 1.6(750) = 2400 kN
M2 = 1.2 (3) + 1.6 (150) = 243.6 kN.m
M1 = 1.2(-3) + 1.6 (135) = 212.4 kN.m

(2) Check slenderness:

Ec = 4700√ = 24870 MPa

Ic = 0.7Ig = 0.7( ) = 0.7(3.417×109) = 2.39×109 mm4

Ib = 0.7Ig = 0.7( ) = 0.7(2.7×109) = 1.89×109 mm4

(Ig of T-beam is multiplied by 0.7)

Since E is the same for beams and columns, then compute

For columns = = 5.695×105 mm3

For beams = = 2.625×105 mm3

ѰA = ѰB = = 2.17

From Alignment charts of braced frames, K = 0.87

Check Slenderness ratio:

= = 27.4 > 34 – 12 = 34 – 12 ( ) = 23.5

Long column and slenderness effect must be considered.

(3) Compute δb :

Cm = 0.6 + 0.4 = 0.6 + 0.4 = 0.95 > 0.4

βd = = = 0.5

EIc = = = 2.266×1013 N.mm2

Pc = = = 21584 kN

Asst. Prof. Dr. Sallal R. Abid Wasit University - Civil Engineering Department. 699
Design of Reinforced Concrete Lec.36 Columns

δb = = = 1.146

Mc = δb M2b = 1.146(243.6) = 279.2 kN.m

(4) Determine ρg from interaction on diagrams:

= = 0.65

= = 0.169

Ɣ= = 0.7

ρg = 0.03 (from interaction diagram )

Ast = 0.03(450)2 = 6075 mm2
Use Ø32 bars (Ab = 804 mm2)

N= = 7.5 bars Use 8 Ø 32 bars

Use Ø 10 mm ties

Ties spacing = {

Check bar spacing:

S= = 127 mm > 40 mm

> 1.5 db = 48 mm O.K

Asst. Prof. Dr. Sallal R. Abid Wasit University - Civil Engineering Department. 033