Chapter 2

Basic Question 1 (page 24)

The following is the warming behavior for 1.00 g of pure substance X.

a) What is the melting point of substance X?

30.0C

b) When does the compound start melting?

After 10 seconds

c) How long does the melting process take?

65 – 10 = 55 seconds

d) In which state(s) does pure substance X exist between?

i) A and B: solid

ii) B and C: solid and liquid

iii) C and D: liquid

e) On the same graph, draw the warming behavior for 2.00 g of substance X.
A larger mass requires more time to melt, therefore each part of the graph will be
longer.
Basic Question 2 (page 26)
1.00 g of liquid naphthalene at 95C was cooled to 30C, as represented in the cooling curve
below.

a) What is the melting point of naphthalene?

60⁰C
b) When does the naphthalene start freezing?
After 2 minutes
c) How long does the freezing process take?
5 – 2 = 3 minutes
d) In which state(s) does pure liquid naphthalene exist at:
i) Section A: liquid
ii) Section C: liquid and solid
iii) Section D: solid
e) Describe in writing how would the graph look like if 2.00 g of liquid naphthalene was
cooled.
A larger mass requires more time to melt; therefore each part of the graph will be
longer. Therefore, the lines will be steeper (larger slope) and the plateau will be
longer.
Basic Question 3 (page 30)
a) A substance changes from the solid to the liquid state at a definite temperature:
Melting
b) A substance changes from the liquid to the gaseous state at a definite temperature:
Evaporation
c) A substance changes from the liquid to the solid state at a definite temperature:
Freezing (solidification)
d) A substance changes states from the solid to the gaseous state directly at a definite
temperature:
Sublimation
e) A substance that changes state from the gaseous to the liquid state at a definite temperature:
Condensation

Basic Question 4 (page 31)

Fill in the table with the correct number of states and phases of each mixture.

Number Number
of states of phases
Alcohol, water 1 1
Alcohol and sugar 2 1
Oil, water and chalk 2 3
Salt, water and sand 2 1

Basic Question 5 (page 34)

The volume of a fixed amount of air sample at a constant temperature was measured at different
pressures.
Complete the following table:

V(dm3) P (atm) P  V (atm.dm3)

6.0 0.7 4.2
10.5 0.4 4.2
3.0 1.4 4.2