The human body has three primary ways of creating energy, which are called energy systems:

the ATP-PC system, the lactic acid (glycolytic) system, and the aerobic (oxidative) system.
These energy systems are involved in providing energy for all forms of physical activity, and
different sport situations have different energy demands. Anaerobic exercises are any activities
that break down glucose for energy without using oxygen, and they push the body and lungs to
rely on energy sources stored in the muscles. Examples of anaerobic exercises include
weightlifting, jumping or jumping rope, and sprinting. The anaerobic energy system is the body's
way of creating energy in the form of ATP quickly, primarily using glucose as fuel, and it
powers the muscles anywhere from ten to thirty seconds for intense efforts.
The anaerobic system can be indirectly assessed by performance tests, such as a vertical jump
or stair climb, or more directly by supramaximal bicycle tests. Training the anaerobic and
aerobic energy systems is dependent on three major energy systems, and the general training
principles include the overload principle, the specificity principle, the individual differences
principle, and the reversibility principle.

Training the anaerobic and aerobic energy systems offers various benefits for overall physical
fitness and performance. Anaerobic training, which involves high-intensity, unsustainable
efforts, provides three main benefits. Firstly, it teaches the body how to adapt to stress, making it
beneficial for individuals who need to perform under stress, such as elite athletes. Secondly, it
creates a significant metabolic response, and thirdly, it can provide a boost to the aerobic system,
improving overall endurance.

On the other hand, aerobic training, which uses oxygen to create energy, is beneficial for
building endurance, improving cardiovascular and respiratory health, and enhancing the body's
efficiency in producing energy. A robust aerobic system prepares the body for various types of
movements, making it beneficial for overall physical performance.
Both aerobic and anaerobic exercises have unique and collective positive correlations towards
improved cardiovascular health, making them essential for maintaining a healthy cardiovascular
system.

Citations:
[1] https://www.opexfit.com/blog/the-difference-between-aerobic-anaerobic-training

[2] https://www.nuffieldhealth.com/article/what-is-aerobic-vs-anaerobic-training

[3] https://web.cortland.edu/buckenmeyerp/Lecture12.html

[4] https://www.physio-pedia.com/Anaerobic_Exercise

[5] https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5329739/